CN102739030A - Starting method of full-bridge type MMC-HVDC (modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current) - Google Patents

Starting method of full-bridge type MMC-HVDC (modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current) Download PDF

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CN102739030A
CN102739030A CN2012102308747A CN201210230874A CN102739030A CN 102739030 A CN102739030 A CN 102739030A CN 2012102308747 A CN2012102308747 A CN 2012102308747A CN 201210230874 A CN201210230874 A CN 201210230874A CN 102739030 A CN102739030 A CN 102739030A
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陆翌
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种全桥型MMC-HVDC的启动方法。目前HB-MMC-HVDC的“两段式”启动方法不能直接应用于FB-MMC。本发明采用的技术方案为：启动方法分为不控启动阶段和可控启动阶段；在不控启动阶段，通过控制子模块触发脉冲和串联限流电阻实现电容预充电并保证充电阶段不产生过流，不控启动阶段结束时将限流电阻短路；在可控启动阶段，利用全桥型MMC触发系统，通过定直流电压控制使直流电压上升至额定电压，完成启动过程。本发明保证了全桥型MMC-HVDC在不控启动阶段实现电容从交流系统取能充电，同时避免了直流电缆承受巨大的电压变化率，在可控启动阶段使直流电压升至额定直流电压值。

The invention discloses a starting method of a full bridge type MMC-HVDC. The current "two-stage" startup method of HB-MMC-HVDC cannot be directly applied to FB-MMC. The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: the start-up method is divided into an uncontrolled start-up stage and a controllable start-up stage; in the uncontrolled start-up stage, capacitor pre-charging is realized by controlling the trigger pulse of the sub-module and a series current limiting resistor and ensuring that the charging stage does not generate excessive At the end of the uncontrolled start-up phase, the current-limiting resistor is short-circuited; in the controllable start-up phase, the full-bridge MMC trigger system is used to increase the DC voltage to the rated voltage through constant DC voltage control to complete the start-up process. The invention ensures that the full-bridge type MMC-HVDC realizes the energy-taking and charging of the capacitor from the AC system in the uncontrolled start-up stage, and at the same time avoids the DC cable from being subjected to a huge voltage change rate, and makes the DC voltage rise to the rated DC voltage value in the controllable start-up stage .

Description

The startup method of a kind of bridge-type MMC-HVDC
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power system power transmission and distribution field, the startup method of specifically a kind of bridge-type MMC-HVDC.
Background technology
In recent years, semi-bridge type modularization multi-level converter (HB-MMC) becomes based on voltage source converter high voltage direct current transmission (VSC-HVDC) hot research fields.Compare with traditional VSC-HVDC, MMC-HVDC has lower relative harmonic content, DC side and need not shunt capacitance, good advantages such as dynamic characteristic.
First MMC-HVDC engineering " Trans Bay Cable Project (TBC) " put this project rated capacity 400MW, direct voltage ± 200kV into operation in the U.S. in 2010 in the world.The whole world has 4 in the MMC-HVDC engineering of building at present, and will be all in completion in 2013.Wherein, France to the specified transmission capacity of being undertaken the construction of by Siemens Company of Hispanic " INELFE " engineering is 2 * 1000MW, direct voltage ± 320kV.
Bridge-type MMC (FB-MMC) also is a kind of very important MMC topology, and its basic controlling and modulation strategy and HB-MMC are similar, because its topological structure difference, the FB-MMC-HVDC system has the ability of passing through serious direct current fault, is the trend in a kind of future.But its startup method does not still have bibliographical information.
The start-up course of HB-MMC-HVDC generally takes " two-part " to start at present; Be divided into the startup stage of the control and the controllable initiating stage; But starting, HB-MMC " two-part " can not directly apply to FB-MMC: if the startup stage not controlling; With the whole lockings of the submodule of FB-MMC, the result of final charging is a upper and lower brachium pontis submodule output voltage equal and opposite in direction, in the opposite direction, so direct voltage is 0; In the controllable initiating stage, take to decide direct voltage control, then direct voltage rises to the direct voltage reference value rapidly from 0, and this will make direct current cables bear huge voltage change ratio.
Summary of the invention
" two-part " startup method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bridge-type MMC-HVDC; To guarantee that realization electric capacity is got and can be charged from AC system the startup stage not controlling; Avoid direct current cables to bear huge voltage change ratio simultaneously, rise to the rated direct voltage value at controllable initiating stage direct voltage.
For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: the startup method of a kind of bridge-type MMC-HVDC is characterized in that: the startup method is divided into the startup stage of the control and the controllable initiating stage; The startup stage not controlling, realize electric capacity precharge and guarantee that the charging stage do not produce overcurrent through control submodule trigger impulse and series limiting resistor, the startup stage of the control during end with the current-limiting resistance short circuit; In the controllable initiating stage, utilize bridge-type MMC triggering system, make DC voltage rising to rated voltage through deciding direct voltage control, accomplish start-up course.
Realize that through control submodule trigger impulse the precharge specific requirement of electric capacity is following: the startup stage not controlling, the brachium pontis electric current positive direction of six brachium pontis of regulation is for from up to down, when the brachium pontis electric current I Arm>, make its whole full-bridge submodules (FBSM) output positive voltage at 0 o'clock; When the brachium pontis electric current I Arm<0 o'clock, making its whole full-bridge submodule output voltages was 0, was increased to until direct voltage and exchanged the side line voltage peak.
The controllable initiating stage makes the specific requirement of DC voltage rising to rated voltage following through deciding direct voltage control: the trigger impulse of converter is determined that by master controller the converter DC bus-bar voltage is deciding under the direct voltage control model, from maximum U DcmaxProgressively rise to rated value U Ref, cable slowly is recharged, and guarantees the fail safe of system, finally accomplishes start-up course.
The present invention has guaranteed that bridge-type MMC-HVDC realizes that the startup stage not controlling electric capacity gets and can charge from AC system, has avoided direct current cables to bear huge voltage change ratio simultaneously, makes direct voltage rise to the rated direct voltage value in the controllable initiating stage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the topological structure of bridge-type MMC-HVDC.
Fig. 2 is half-bridge submodule (HBSM) topological structure.
Fig. 3 is the FBSM topological structure.
The charge circuit of HBSM submodule when Fig. 4 a is the IGBT locking.
The charge circuit of FBSM submodule when Fig. 4 b is the IGBT locking.
Fig. 5 is the alternate RLC equivalent electric circuit of A, B.
Each symbol among the figure: among Fig. 1, A, B, C, expression converter AC side three-phase; SM1, SM2 ..., SMn representes in the converter brachium pontis the 1st, 2 ..., the n sub-module; L sExpression brachium pontis reactor; U DcVoltage difference between expression converter both positive and negative polarity dc bus; S representes brachium pontis, and X representes brachium pontis down.
Among Fig. 2, T1, T2, T3, T4 represent four IGBT among the FBSM respectively, D1, and D2, D3, D4 represent the inverse parallel diode of corresponding IGBT respectively; C 0Capacitor among the expression FBSM; U cThe expression capacitance voltage; U SMExpression submodule port output voltage.
Among Fig. 3, T1, T2 representes up and down two IGBT of HBSM respectively, D1, D2 representes the inverse parallel diode of corresponding IGBT respectively; C 0Expression HBSM capacitor; U cExpression submodule capacitance voltage; U SMExpression submodule port output voltage.
Among Fig. 5, U AbExpression A, B two phase line voltages, R dBe current-limiting resistance, L is the AC side equivalent inductance, L sBe the brachium pontis reactor, C is equivalent brachium pontis capacitance.
Embodiment
Be elaborated below in conjunction with the startup method of Figure of description to bridge-type MMC-HVDC.
Step 1: the startup stage of the control.
(1) control the startup stage of the control.
The startup stage not controlling, FB-MMC and HB-MMC have very big difference, for HB-MMC, and all IGBT lockings, the submodule of upper and lower brachium pontis will replace charging through halfwave rectifier, the charge circuit of HBSM when Fig. 4 a is the IGBT locking.This moment, direct voltage was always the voltage that is in brachium pontis in the charging process.Yet if the whole IGBT of locking in the startup stage starting not the controlling of FB-MMC, the submodule of upper and lower brachium pontis will charge through full-wave rectification, the charge circuit of full-bridge submodule when Fig. 4 b is the IGBT locking.This moment, upper and lower brachium pontis was alternately exported the capacitance voltage of positive and negative, so direct voltage is always zero in this stage.In stage, direct voltage will jump to rated value rapidly at controlled rectification, and this will make direct current cables bear huge voltage change ratio.For make FB-MMC the startup stage not controlling in direct voltage along with submodule voltage rises gradually, to any brachium pontis of FB-MMC, when electric current is correct time, make its whole submodules output positive voltage, i.e. T1 and T4 conductings; When electric current when negative, make that its output voltage is 0, i.e. T1 and T2 or T3 and T4 conducting.Like this; The DC bus-bar voltage of FB-MMC will be alternately identical with last or following bridge arm voltage, in the controllable initiating stage, utilize and decide direct voltage control; Though the precharge efficient of SMC reduces therefore and to a certain extent, dc bus and voltage cable will progressively rise to rated value.
(2) series limiting resistor.
In this stage, need be in the AC side series limiting resistor, to avoid at the starting stage of AC system charging generation overcurrent and to damage system element.With A, B is thereby that example is analyzed the method that obtains calculating the current-limiting resistance size to the FB-MMC charge circuit mutually.The charge circuit of FB-MMC is actually a RLC loop, and A, the RLC equivalent electric circuit that B is alternate are as shown in Figure 5.A, B phase line voltage positive half wave and negative half-wave charge circuit parameter are identical, the maximum I of charging current i MaxAppear at U AbFirst cycle.Have
I max = 2 U s R 2 + X 2 - - - ( 1 )
In the formula, Us is the effective value of AC system line voltage, wherein R ≈ 2R d
Figure BDA00001850157400042
For obtaining thus:
R d &ap; 1 2 2 U s 2 I max 2 - X 2 - - - ( 2 )
(3) do not finish the startup stage of the control.
According to Kirchhoff's second law, charging result final startup stage of the control is:
U dcmax＝U peak （3）
In the formula, U PeakFor FB-MMC exchanges side line voltage peak, U DcmaxThe maximum direct voltage of FB-MMC when charging by AC system for do not control the startup stage.
When finishing the startup stage of the control, with the current-limiting resistance short circuit.
Step 2: controllable initiating stage.
Release moment, after the charging resistor short circuit, the direct voltage setting value slowly rises according to the slope of setting, and up to rated value, cable slowly is recharged, and has guaranteed the fail safe of system.In this stage, the trigger impulse of converter is determined that by master controller the converter DC bus-bar voltage will be deciding under the direct voltage control model, from maximum U DcmaxProgressively rise to rated value, finally accomplish start-up course.

Claims (3)

1. the startup method of a bridge-type MMC-HVDC, it is characterized in that: the startup method is divided into the startup stage of the control and the controllable initiating stage; The startup stage not controlling, realize electric capacity precharge and guarantee that the charging stage do not produce overcurrent through control submodule trigger impulse and series limiting resistor, the startup stage of the control during end with the current-limiting resistance short circuit; In the controllable initiating stage, utilize bridge-type MMC triggering system, make DC voltage rising to rated voltage through deciding direct voltage control, accomplish start-up course.
2. the startup method of bridge-type MMC-HVDC according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Realize that through control submodule trigger impulse the precharge specific requirement of electric capacity is following: the startup stage not controlling, the brachium pontis electric current positive direction of six brachium pontis of regulation is for from up to down, when the brachium pontis electric current I Arm>, make its whole full-bridge submodule output positive voltages at 0 o'clock; When the brachium pontis electric current I Arm<0 o'clock, making its whole full-bridge submodule output voltages was 0, was increased to until direct voltage and exchanged the side line voltage peak.
3. the startup method of bridge-type MMC-HVDC according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; The controllable initiating stage makes the specific requirement of DC voltage rising to rated voltage following through deciding direct voltage control: the trigger impulse of converter is determined by master controller; The converter DC bus-bar voltage is deciding under the direct voltage control model, from maximum U DcmaxProgressively rise to rated value U Ref, cable slowly is recharged, and guarantees the fail safe of system, finally accomplishes start-up course.
CN2012102308747A 2012-07-04 2012-07-04 Starting method of full-bridge type MMC-HVDC (modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current) Pending CN102739030A (en)

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CN102969882A (en) * 2012-11-16 2013-03-13 许继集团有限公司 Starting method of modular multi-level flexible direct-current transmission converter
CN103236706A (en) * 2013-04-23 2013-08-07 中国科学院电工研究所 Battery energy storage system based on modular multilevel AC-AC (Alternating Current-Alternating Current) converter topology
CN103308869A (en) * 2013-07-15 2013-09-18 国网智能电网研究院 Test method for starting of modular multi-level multi-terminal flexible direct-current transmission system
WO2014111035A1 (en) * 2013-01-15 2014-07-24 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 Method for charging modular multilevel converter
CN104426386A (en) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-18 通用电气能源能量变换技术有限公司 Method for operating an electrical circuit and electrical circuit
CN104734484A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-06-24 许继电气股份有限公司 Simple starting method for clamp double sub-module modular multilevel converter
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US9787213B2 (en) 2013-03-18 2017-10-10 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Power cell bypass method and apparatus for multilevel inverter
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CN109463030A (en) * 2016-05-20 2019-03-12 通用电气技术有限公司 The control of voltage source converter
EP3531532A4 (en) * 2017-01-16 2020-06-03 NR Electric Co., Ltd. METHOD FOR CHARGING A SUBMODULE-BASED HYBRID CONVERTER
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CN108696165A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-10-23 西安西电电力系统有限公司 A kind of pre-charge method of the modularization multi-level converter of clamp Shuangzi module
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Application publication date: 20121017