CN102734951B - Crank-connection link tracking type compound parabolic concentrator - Google Patents
Crank-connection link tracking type compound parabolic concentrator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102734951B CN102734951B CN201210229258.XA CN201210229258A CN102734951B CN 102734951 B CN102734951 B CN 102734951B CN 201210229258 A CN201210229258 A CN 201210229258A CN 102734951 B CN102734951 B CN 102734951B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Abstract
The invention relates to a crank-connection link tracking type compound parabolic concentrator. The crank-connection link tracking type compound parabolic concentrator comprises a stepper motor, a tracking device composed of a crank and a connection link and a CPC (compound parabolic concentrator), wherein the tracking device is composed of the crank I, the connection link I, a guide post, a guide rail I and a guide rail II; an output shaft of the stepper motor is vertically connected with the crank; the connection link I is connected with the crank through a hinge; the guide post is connected with the connection link I through the hinge; the guide post can slide on the guide rail I and the guide rail II at two ends; two ends of the connection link II are respectively connected with a bracket welded on the guide post and a connector I fixed at the outer side of the CPC paraboloid through the hinges; and a fixed connector II is arranged at the outer side of the bottom part of the CPC and is connected with a frame through the hinge or a bearing, and a receiver is arranged at the inner side of the CPC. According to the crank-connection link tracking type compound parabolic concentrator, the multi-position tracking is adopted, so that the CPC groove surface faces to the east in the morning, faces to the south at noon and faces to the west in the afternoon, the work time of the CPC is effectively prolonged, and the problems of great change of the energy received by the CPC in a day and unevenness of provided energy are solved, and the tracking concentrator of the CPC is expanded to the field of light heat utilization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar energy light gathering and heat collecting technical field, relate to a kind of crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator, in solar energy, low-temperature heat collection system.
Background technology
Compound parabolic concentrator (Compound Parabolic Concentrator, CPC) is according to the non-imaging concentrator of the oligomeric luminosity of edge optics principle design.Incident sunlight in acceptance angle arrives absorber surface by multiple reflections in CPC, loses lessly, can reach theoretical maximum optically focused ratio.CPC can combine with plate, riser type, triangular form or tubular type receiver, has been widely used in solar energy optical-thermal and photovoltaic field.CPC optically focused ratio is generally below 10: when optically focused ratio is less than 3, fixed installation can effectively be worked; Along with the increase of optically focused ratio, CPC acceptance angle reduces gradually, thereby a lower day effective time of fixed installation condition shortens.In addition due to the sun every day of variation from the east to the west, the light stream density that CPC opening surface receives becomes sine relation to change with sun altitude, makes the energy that receives very little in sooner or later; And the variation that can flow receiving in a day is too large, higher and energy stably cannot be provided, limited the application of CPC on largely.
At present, low temperature tracking mode concentrating collector be take groove type solar receiver as main, and very high to tracking accuracy requirement, tracking system is complicated, and cost is higher.Tang Runsheng etc. are in " Feasibility and optical performance ofone axis three positions sun-tracking polar-axis aligned CPCs for photovoltaicapplications " (solar energy.2010,84 (9): the imagination that 1666-1675) has proposed 3 tracking mode CPC of a kind of one pole earth's axis in a literary composition.This CPC can rotate around polar shaft, and for solar energy photovoltaic system, generating efficiency improves approximately 95% with respect to fixed CPC photovoltaic system.In above-mentioned tracking mode CPC photovoltaic system, CPC assembly is all fixed on a base plate, and base plate rotates the tracking that realizes whole system around pole axis, and when CPC quantity is more, the stability of a system is poor, and energy consumption is larger, follows the tracks of cost higher.In addition, have no at present tracking mode CPC for the report in solar energy optical-thermal field.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the limitation of existing CPC tracking mode concentrator, a kind of low energy consumption, low cost and high efficiency a kind of crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator are provided, employing multiposition is followed the tracks of, make CPC groove face morning eastwards, noon is to the south, and, effectively extend the CPC working time westwards in afternoon, the energy rheologyization that solution CPC received in mono-day is large, the unequal problem of energy providing; And CPC tracking mode concentrator is expanded to solar thermal utilization field.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator, comprises tracking means and CPC6 that stepper motor 13, crank connecting link form; Wherein tracking means is comprised of crank 1, connecting rod I 2, guide rod 3 and guide rail I 9 and guide rail II 11; The output shaft 8 of stepper motor 13 connects with crank 1 is vertical; Connecting rod I 2 is with crank 1 by hinge-coupled, and guide rod 3 is with connecting rod I 2 by hinge-coupled, and guide rod 3 can slide in the guide rail I 9 at its two ends and guide rail II 11; Connecting rod II 4 two ends connect with the connector I 5 that is fixed on CPC6 parabola outside with the support 10 being welded on guide rod 3 respectively by hinge; CPC6 bottom outside has a fixed coupling unit II 7, by hinge or bearing 15, connects with frame 12, and inner side is equipped with receiver 14.
Preferred vertical welding or by key connecting, output shaft 8 and guide rod 3 are placed in same level between above-mentioned stepper motor 13 output shafts 8 and crank 1.
Described compound parabolic concentrator (6), is the collective optics of current technology comparative maturity, and the parabola of its reflecting surface is metal mirror, or the metal mirror of the reflective coating being covered with.
Tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator preferably, horizontal by 0 ~ 50 ° of angle, the receiver 14 matching with it is plate, riser type, triangular form or tubular type receiver.
Tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator preferably, its optically focused ratio is 3 ~ 10, whole day is carried out the batch (-type) of 3 ~ 11 positions and is followed the tracks of, its CPC groove cross section line of symmetry whole day solar tracking angle θ be-60 ° ~ 60 ° (take positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m CPC Due South to time cross section line of symmetry be benchmark: the upper period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m, θ=-60 ° ~ 0 °; The positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m θ=0 °; The lower period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m, θ=0 ° ~ 60 °).
Preferably described connector I 5 is fixed on CPC6 middle and lower part, and level altitude is the 1/3-1/2 of CPC6 height.
Described tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator, its guide rod 3 directions several identical CPC6 that arrange, as shown in Figure 2; When connector II 7 connects by bearing 15 with frame 12, several identical CPC6 that arrange in bearing shaft direction, as shown in Figure 3.
When described receiver 14 is plate, riser type, triangular form receiver, be placed in CPC6 bottom centre place, fixing and synchronous follow the tracks of relative to CPC6; When receiver 14 is tubular type receiver, be placed in CPC6 bottom centre position, fixing separately, receiver does not participate in following the tracks of.
The connector II 7 of described connection CPC6 bottom and the hinge of frame 12 or the center of bearing 15 are optimized design according to receiver types, when receiver is in plate, riser type and triangular form during any one type, this center is positioned on the CPC6 axis of symmetry; When receiver is tubular type, this center is consistent with tubular type receiver axis.
System operating scheme is: stepper motor 13 is done one dimension multiposition and automatically regulated, crank 1 rotates around this axle under output shaft 8 drives, the effect of connecting rod I 2 is slided guide rod 3 in the guide rail I 9 at its two ends and guide rail II 11, and drivening rod II 4 makes its swing, CPC6 horizontal by certain angle also rotates around frame 12 under the effect of connecting rod II 4, therefore realizes the multiposition of CPC6 and follows the tracks of.
Beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is simple in structure, realizes the tracking of system by simple crank connecting link transmission, and energy consumption is low, and to supporting and chaining part material less demanding, cost is lower.
(2) to follow the tracks of reliability high in the present invention, can set as required umber of pulse and the pulse frequency of input stepper motor follows the tracks of to realize system multiple spot multiposition, effectively extend the CPC working time, the energy rheologyization that solution CPC received in a day is large, the unequal problem of energy providing.
(3) system of the present invention is applicable to all kinds of photovoltaics and photo-thermal receiver, and CPC turning cylinder position can be adjusted according to receiver types, realizes the tracking of degree of precision.
(4) system of the present invention makes CPC have higher integrated level; according to place and task, need any adjustment System guide rod direction and bearing shaft direction; be the horizontal and vertical quantity of CPC, realize the integrated installation of CPC, be applicable to the utilization of scale photovoltaic and photo-thermal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is CPC concentrator systems all-weather traction structural representation of the present invention; A-initial position in morning tracking system structural representation wherein; The B-moment at high noon tracking system structural representation; C-final position in afternoon tracking system structural representation.
Wherein: 1-crank; 2-connecting rod I; 3-guide rod; 4-connecting rod II; 5-connector I; 6-CPC; 7-connector II; 8-output shaft; 9-guide rail I; 10-support; 11-guide rail II; 12-frame; 13-stepper motor.
Fig. 2 is receiver system architecture schematic diagram while being pipe.
Wherein: 14-receiver
Fig. 3 is tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator longitudinal arrangement schematic diagram.
Wherein: 15-bearing
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, be described further.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator (CPC).Comprise that tracking means that stepper motor, crank connecting link form and optically focused are than the CPC that is 10.Stepper motor output shaft connects with crank is vertical; Connecting rod I and crank be by hinge-coupled, and guide rod and connecting rod I also can be slided by hinge-coupled in the guide rail I at its two ends and guide rail II; Connecting rod II two ends connect with the connector I that is fixed on CPC parabola outside with the support being welded on guide rod respectively by hinge, and connector I is fixed on 1/2 place of CPC height; Between CPC and horizontal plane, angle is 50 °, and bottom outside face has a fixed coupling unit II, by hinge, connects with frame, and hinge center is positioned on the axis of symmetry of CPC; CPC bottom inside is equipped with plate receiver.
Optically focused is about 11.5 ° than the CPC acceptance angle that is 10, because the sun per minutely turns over 0.25 ° from east orientation is western, therefore the effective sunshine duration within the scope of CPC acceptance angle is 46 minutes.In this embodiment, follow the tracks of interval and be set as 46 minutes, the angle that system turns over is at every turn an acceptance angle size, gets 12 ° here.
θ=0 ° of supposing the moment at high noon (12:00 constantly), system whole day effective time section is 7:47 ~ 16:13.From 8:33, PLC control step motor was done position tracking every 46 minutes regulates, and the tracking that whole day is carried out 11 positions regulates.The θ value of 11 positions is respectively-60 °, and-48 ° ,-36 ° ,-24 ° ,-12 °, 0 °, 12 °, 24 °, 36 °, 48 °, 60 °.Crank rotates around this axle under stepper motor output shaft drives; The effect of connecting rod I is slided guide rod in the frame I at its two ends and frame II, and drivening rod II makes its swing; CPC also rotates around frame under the effect of connecting rod II, therefore realizes the multiposition of CPC and follows the tracks of.
System keeps track process is: in morning, crank initial position is horizontal direction, and now connecting rod I is also horizontal, but does not overlap with crank, now CPC initial position be cross section eastwards, θ=-60 °, solar tracking angle; At high noon, crank goes to 1 ' clockwise, and now connecting rod I is in 2 ', and CPC6 ' position is that cross section is to the south, θ=0 °; In afternoon, crank goes to 1 clockwise ", now connecting rod I is in 2 " and with crank 1 " overlap, CPC6 " position be cross section westwards, θ=60 °, solar tracking angle.
The tracking system whole day effective time of the present invention reaches 8 hours, and solar collection rate is 9-11 times of fixed system.
As shown in Figure 2, the invention discloses a kind of crank connecting link tracking mode composite parabolic optically focused (CPC) device.Comprise that tracking means that stepper motor, crank connecting link form and 100 optically focused are than the CPC that is 5.Stepper motor output shaft connects with crank is vertical; Connecting rod I and crank be by hinge-coupled, and guide rod and connecting rod I also can be slided by hinge-coupled in the guide rail I at its two ends and guide rail II; Connecting rod II two ends connect with the connector I that is fixed on CPC parabola outside with the support being welded on guide rod respectively by hinge, and connector I is fixed on 1/3 place of CPC height; CPC lower end lateral surface has a fixed coupling unit II, by bearing, connects with frame; The optically focused of 100 horizontal positioned is laterally arranged and connects with guide rod along guide rod direction than the CPC that is 5; ，Qi center, bottom and bearing centre that tubular type receiver is placed in CPC are positioned at same straight line, fixing separately, do not participate in following the tracks of.
Optically focused is about 23 ° than the CPC acceptance angle that is 5, because the sun per minutely turns over 0.25 ° from east orientation is western, therefore the effective sunshine duration within the scope of CPC acceptance angle is 92 minutes.In this embodiment, follow the tracks of interval and be set as 92 minutes, the angle that system turns over is at every turn an acceptance angle size, gets 23 ° here.
θ=0 ° of supposing the moment at high noon (12:00 constantly), system whole day effective time section is 8:10 ~ 15:50.From 9:42, PLC control step motor (13) was done position tracking every 92 minutes regulates, and the tracking that whole day is carried out 5 positions regulates.The θ value of 5 positions is respectively-46 °, and-23 °, 0 °, 23 °, 46 °.Crank rotates around this axle under stepper motor output shaft drives; The effect of connecting rod I is slided guide rod in the frame I at its two ends, frame II, and drivening rod II makes its swing; 100 CPC also rotate around frame under the effect of connecting rod II, therefore realize the multiposition of CPC and follow the tracks of.
System keeps track process is with embodiment 1.
Nearly 8 hours of tracking system whole day effective time of the present invention, solar collection rate is 4-5 times of fixed system.
The invention discloses a kind of crank connecting link tracking mode composite parabolic optically focused (CPC) device.Comprise that tracking means that stepper motor, crank connecting link form and 100 optically focused are than the CPC that is 3.Tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator longitudinal arrangement as shown in Figure 3.The optically focused of 10 horizontal positioned is laterally arranged and connects with guide rod along guide rod direction than the CPC that is 3; The optically focused of 10 horizontal positioned than be 3 CPC along bearing shaft direction longitudinal arrangement, by bearing shaft, connect, bearing centre and tubular type receiver be centered close to same straight line; Tubular type receiver is placed in the bottom of CPC fixing separately, does not participate in following the tracks of.
Optically focused is about 39 ° than the CPC acceptance angle that is 3, because the sun per minutely turns over 0.25 ° from east orientation is western, therefore the effective sunshine duration within the scope of CPC acceptance angle is 156 minutes.In this embodiment, follow the tracks of interval and be set as 156 minutes, the angle that system turns over is at every turn an acceptance angle size, gets 39 ° here.
θ=0 ° of supposing the moment at high noon (12:00 constantly), system whole day effective time section is 8:06 ~ 15:54.From 10:42, PLC control step motor was done position tracking every 156 minutes regulates, and the tracking that whole day is carried out 3 positions regulates.The θ value of 3 positions is respectively-39 °, and 0 °, 39 °.Crank rotates around this axle under stepper motor output shaft drives; The effect of connecting rod I is slided guide rod in the frame I at its two ends, frame II, and drivening rod II makes its swing; 100 CPC also rotate around frame under the effect of connecting rod II, therefore realize the multiposition of CPC and follow the tracks of.
System keeps track process is with embodiment 1.
Nearly 8 hours of tracking system whole day effective time of the present invention, solar collection rate is 2-3 times of fixed system.
The invention discloses a kind of crank connecting link tracking mode composite parabolic optically focused (CPC) device.CPC bottom inside is equipped with that riser type receiver is relative with CPC to be fixedly connected, and synchronously follows the tracks of.The connection form of system associated components and tracing process are with embodiment 1.
The tracking system whole day effective time of the present invention reaches 8 hours, and solar collection rate is 8-11 times of fixed system.
Embodiment 5
The invention discloses a kind of crank connecting link tracking mode composite parabolic optically focused (CPC) device.CPC bottom inside is equipped with that triangular form receiver is relative with CPC to be fixedly connected, and synchronously follows the tracks of.The connection form of system associated components and tracing process are with embodiment 2.
The tracking system whole day effective time of the present invention reaches near hour, and solar collection rate is 3-5 times of fixed system.
Claims (6)
1. a crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator, comprises tracking means and compound parabolic concentrator (6) that stepper motor (13), crank connecting link form; Wherein tracking means is comprised of crank (1), connecting rod I (2), guide rod (3) and guide rail I (9) and guide rail II (11); The output shaft (8) of stepper motor (13) and vertical connection of crank (1); Connecting rod I (2) is with crank (1) by hinge-coupled, and guide rod (3) is with connecting rod I (2) by hinge-coupled, and guide rod (3) can above slide in guide rail I (9) and the guide rail II (11) at its two ends; Connecting rod II (4) two ends connect with the connector I (5) that is welded on the support (10) on guide rod (3) and is fixed on compound parabolic concentrator (6) parabola outside respectively by hinge; Compound parabolic concentrator (6) bottom outside face has a fixed coupling unit II (7) to connect with frame (12) by hinge or bearing (15).
2. crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that described compound parabolic concentrator (6) bottom inside is equipped with receiver (14).
3. crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator according to claim 2, is characterized in that described receiver (14) is for plate, riser type, triangular form or tubular type.
4. crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that the optically focused ratio of described compound parabolic concentrator (6) is 3～10; The groove cross section line of symmetry whole day solar tracking angle θ of compound parabolic concentrator (6) is-60 °～60 °.
5. crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that described connector I (5) is fixed on compound parabolic concentrator (6) middle and lower part, and level altitude is the 1/3-1/2 of compound parabolic concentrator height.
6. crank connecting link tracking mode compound parabolic concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that arranging some compound parabolic concentrators (6) on described guide rod (3) direction or bearing (15) direction of principal axis.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210229258.XA CN102734951B (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2012-07-03 | Crank-connection link tracking type compound parabolic concentrator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210229258.XA CN102734951B (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2012-07-03 | Crank-connection link tracking type compound parabolic concentrator |
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| CN102734951A CN102734951A (en) | 2012-10-17 |
| CN102734951B true CN102734951B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
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| CN105099352A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-25 | 合肥吉源电子有限公司 | Inclination angle regulating device for solar panel |
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| US4621443A (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1986-11-11 | Stephen Weinreich | Digital screen display apparatus |
| CN1098189A (en) * | 1993-07-24 | 1995-02-01 | 北京市西城区新开通用试验厂 | A kind of numerically controlled solar boiler |
| CN2611820Y (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-04-14 | 董元钦 | Solar cooker having biased focus |
| CN101206082A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-25 | 陈红专 | Auto-tracking sun device |
| CN201502965U (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2010-06-09 | 任殿伟 | Electric locomotive head lamp adjusting device |
-
2012
- 2012-07-03 CN CN201210229258.XA patent/CN102734951B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4621443A (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1986-11-11 | Stephen Weinreich | Digital screen display apparatus |
| CN1098189A (en) * | 1993-07-24 | 1995-02-01 | 北京市西城区新开通用试验厂 | A kind of numerically controlled solar boiler |
| CN2611820Y (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-04-14 | 董元钦 | Solar cooker having biased focus |
| CN101206082A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-25 | 陈红专 | Auto-tracking sun device |
| CN201502965U (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2010-06-09 | 任殿伟 | Electric locomotive head lamp adjusting device |
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