CN102732806A - Intergranular corrosion resistant austenitic system stainless steel - Google Patents
Intergranular corrosion resistant austenitic system stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102732806A CN102732806A CN2012102119675A CN201210211967A CN102732806A CN 102732806 A CN102732806 A CN 102732806A CN 2012102119675 A CN2012102119675 A CN 2012102119675A CN 201210211967 A CN201210211967 A CN 201210211967A CN 102732806 A CN102732806 A CN 102732806A
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Abstract
The invention provides an intergranular corrosion resistant austenitic system stainless steel, which comprises the following components by mass percentage (wt%): Less than 0.10 or equal to C, 0.35-1.0 of Si, 1.55-8.0 of Mn, less than or equal to 0.018 of S, 18.6-26.4 of Cr, 8.1-13 of Ni, 0.62-1.0 of Ti and the balance of Fe; According to the austenitic system stainless steel, compared to Cr, the added Ti is easier to combine with carbon to form stable carbide, when the Ti addition is greater than 5 times of the carbon amount, a majority of carbon is existed in the Ti carbide, the mass fraction of the solid solution carbon is decreased to lower than 0.03%, and the effective solid solution concentration of Cr in the steel can be ensured, thereby the intergranular corrosion resistant capability of the stainless steel can be improved. The flyer energy welding, the rapid cooling and multilayer welding with low interlayer temperature are used for ensuring the welding line to contain a proper amount of ferrite, thereby the generation of the hot crack can be prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of austenitic stainless steel, relate in particular to a kind of anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel has following physical property: 1, linear expansivity is big, and 2, good anti-corrosion, 3, good plasticity, 4, have a resistance to elevated temperatures, 5, have a good low-temperature resistance property.But the influence factor of thermal crack and intergranular corrosion is that such stainless steel welding is must overriding concern.
The stainless steel that produces intergranular corrosion promptly can intercrystalline fracture, intensity almost completely disappears when receiving stress, and this is stainless the most dangerous a kind of collapse mode.Intergranular corrosion can be created in respectively on heat affected zone (HAZ), weld seam or the welded bonds of welding joint, and knife-line attack (KLA) is claimed in the intergranular corrosion that on welded bonds, produces again.The prerequisite that stainless steel has a corrosion resistance is that the massfraction of Cr must be greater than 10 ~ 12%.When temperature raise, carbon was in the velocity of diffusion of the inner velocity of diffusion of stainless steel crystal grain greater than Cr.Because the solubleness of carbon in austenite is very little during room temperature; Be about 0.02%～0.03%; And the carbon content in the general austenitic stainless steel all surpasses this value, thus unnecessary carbon just constantly spread to the austenite crystal border, and and Cr chemical combination; Form the compound of carbonization Cr at intergranular, like (CrFe) 23C6 etc.Data show that Cr is along the activation capacity 162～252KJ/mol of crystal boundary diffusion, and Cr is by the about 540KJ/mol of intragranular diffusion activation energy; That is: Cr is littler along the crystal boundary velocity of diffusion than Cr by the intragranular velocity of diffusion, and inner Cr has little time to the crystal boundary diffusion, thus the required Cr master of the formed carbonization Cr of intergranular if it were not for from austenite crystal inside; But near the crystal boundary, the result just makes near the Cr amount that contains the crystal boundary greatly reduce, when the massfraction of the Cr of crystal boundary low to less than 12% the time; Just form so-called " poor Cr district "; Under the corrosive medium effect, poor Cr district will lose corrosion resistance, and produces intergranular corrosion.
The measure that prevents grain boundary corrosion has: reduce the carbon content in the weld seam; Can reduce and avoid forming the carbide of Cr, thereby reduce the tendency that forms grain boundary corrosion, carbon content is below 0.04%; Be called " Ultra-low carbon " stainless steel, just can avoid the carbide of Cr to generate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the thermal crack and the intergranular corrosion problem that produce when a kind of anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel solves the stainless steel welding that exists in the prior art.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel, this stainless component mass percent (wt%) is: C: be not more than 0.10, Si:0.35-1.0, Mn:1.55-8.0; P ≦ 0.033, S ≦ 0.018, Cr:18.6-26.4; Ni:8.1-13, Ti:0.62-1.0, surplus is Fe.
Further improve and be that this stainless alloy component mass percent (wt%) is: C: be not more than 0.090, Si:0.35-0.9, Mn:1.55-2.4; P ≦ 0.033, S ≦ 0.018, Cr:24.2-26.4; Ni:11.2-13, Ti:0.65-1.0, surplus is Fe.
Further improve and be that this stainless component mass percent (wt%) is: C: be not more than 0.10, Si:0.55-1.0, Mn:5.1-8.0, P ≦ 0.030, S ≦ 0.015, Cr:18.6-22, Ni:8.1-10, Ti:0.62-0.9, surplus is Fe.
Further improve being, it is welding below the 10kJ/cm that said austenitic stainless steel is taked heat input, and carrying out speed of cooling is the above cooling of 25 ℃/s, and the interlayer temperature of multi-layer welding is below 80 ℃.
Preferably, it is the 1kJ/cm welding that said austenitic stainless steel is taked heat input, and carrying out speed of cooling is 30 ℃/s cooling, and the interlayer temperature of multi-layer welding is 70 ℃.
Preferably, it is the 0.8kJ/cm welding that said austenitic stainless steel is taked heat input, and carrying out speed of cooling is 27 ℃/s cooling, and the interlayer temperature of multi-layer welding is 60 ℃.
A kind of anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel of the present invention; Add Ti; Being because Ti more is prone to combine with carbon the element of the stable carbide of formation than Cr, when greater than carbon 5 times of the add-on of Ti, just can be in the carbide that is present in Ti of most carbon; Thereby the massfraction that makes solid solution carbon drops to below 0.03%, and this just can guarantee the effective solid solution concentration of Cr in steel.Because Cr effective solid solution concentration in steel is guaranteed, thereby improve the anti intercrystalline corrosion sexuality of steel.Therefore each performance of austenite stainless steel that adds an amount of Ti is better than the austenite stainless steel that does not add an amount of Ti.
This kind anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel in view of its physical property, should be taked little heat input welding, cooling fast, and multi-layer welding is to control low interlayer temperature.Make every effort to weld seam and contain an amount of ferritic, to prevent the generation of thermal crack.At specific products such as petrochemical complex such as hydrogenators, the butt welded seam ferritic just has clearly regulation.
A kind of anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel, this stainless alloy component mass percent (wt%) is: C: be not more than 0.090, Si:0.35-0.9, Mn:1.55-2.4; P ≦ 0.033, S ≦ 0.018, Cr:24.2-26.4; Ni:11.2-13, Ti:0.65-1.0, surplus is Fe.This kind anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel, but all-position welding.Weldableness is splendid, wire feed is smooth and easy, arc stability, moulding add attractive in appearance, splash few; The deposited metal stable mechanical performance, the X-Ray qualification rate is high.Be mainly used in the stainless steel of welding same type, stainless steel lining, the welding of dissimilar steel and high chromium steel, high mangaenese steel etc. often is applied to carbon steel and the different material welding of stainless steel or is applied to the relatively poor martensite of toughness, ferritic stainless steel welding.Industry such as application scenario such as petrochemical complex, firepower power station.
A kind of anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel, this stainless component mass percent (wt%) is: C: be not more than 0.10, Si:0.55-1.0, Mn:5.1-8.0; P ≦ 0.030, S ≦ 0.015, Cr:18.6-22; Ni:8.1-10, Ti:0.62-0.9, surplus is Fe.This kind anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel is pure austenitic stainless steel welding wire, can carry out all-position welding.Because of adding Si, the molten iron flowability is good, thereby moulding is more attractive in appearance, wire feed is smooth and easy, arc stability, splash few; The deposited metal stable mechanical performance, the X-Ray qualification rate is high.Be usually used in the non-magnetic special occasions of needs such as nuclear-propelled submarine, armour plate, also can be used for the xenogenesis steel welding of difficult weldering and easy of crack.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel of the present invention adds Ti; Ti more is prone to combine with carbon the element of the stable carbide of formation than Cr; In the add-on of Ti during greater than 5 times of carbon; Just can make in the carbide that is present in Ti of most carbon, thereby the massfraction of solid solution carbon is dropped to below 0.03%, this just can guarantee the effective solid solution concentration of Cr in steel.Because Cr effective solid solution concentration in steel is guaranteed, thereby improve the anti intercrystalline corrosion sexuality of steel.Take little heat input welding, cooling fast, the multi-layer welding that interlayer temperature is low contains an amount of ferritic to guarantee weld seam, prevents the generation of thermal crack effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the intergranular corrosion electronic scanning video picture comparison diagram of embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples.
Fig. 2 is the intergranular corrosion electronic scanning video picture comparison diagram of embodiment 5 and Comparative Examples.
Embodiment
Specify the preferred embodiments of the present invention below.
Embodiment
As shown in table 1; The austenitic stainless steel component of embodiment 1,2,3,4 and mass percent (wt%) surplus thereof are Fe; It is the 1kJ/cm welding that the austenitic stainless steel of embodiment 1,2,3,4 is preferably taked heat input; Carrying out speed of cooling is 30 ℃/s cooling, and the interlayer temperature of its multi-layer welding is 70 ℃.
The austenitic stainless steel component of table 1 embodiment 1,2,3,4 and mass percent (wt%) thereof
| ? | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Ti |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.08 | 0.73 | 1.95 | 0.03 | 0.016 | 24.6 | 11.4 | 0.75 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.065 | 0.42 | 2.07 | 0.03 | 0.010 | 26.2 | 12.3 | 0.80 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.02 | 0.35 | 1.55 | 0.02 | 0.015 | 26.4 | 11.2 | 0.65 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.09 | 0.9 | 2.4 | 0.02 | 0.018 | 24.2 | 13 | 1.0 |
Increase Ti in the anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel of embodiment 1,2,3,4; Make the mass percent of Ti be preferably 0.75%, 0.80%, 0.65%, 1.0%; The mass percent of C is preferably 0.08%, 0.065%, 0.02%, 0.09%; Ti more is prone to combine with carbon the element of the stable carbide of formation than Cr, the add-on of Ti be C more than 5 times the time, the overwhelming majority's C is present in the carbide of Ti; Thereby the massfraction that makes solid solution carbon drops to below 0.03%, and this just can guarantee the effective solid solution concentration of Cr in steel.Because Cr effective solid solution concentration in steel is guaranteed, thereby improve the anti intercrystalline corrosion sexuality of steel.
As shown in Figure 1, embodiment 1 with the intergranular corrosion tendency test test conditions of Comparative Examples is: specimen size is 10mm * 10mm * 5mm, reserves 1cm in its front
2Research surface, burn-oning at its back side has the lead of plastic skin, the rest part of sample is all inlayed with PS, adopts the oxalic acid electro-etching method in " Stainless Acid Resistant Steel intergranular corrosion tendency TP ", the intergranular corrosion tendency of determination test steel.Visible by Fig. 1; There are some little etch pits in the stainless etch face of embodiment 1, and etch depth is little, and the phenomenon that links between the etch pit has appearred in the austenitic stainless steel surface of Comparative Examples along the border of ferritic precipitated phase; Promptly formed the etch ditch; With this, the resistance to intergranular corrosion of 1 one kinds of austenitic stainless steels of embodiment can improve, and has reduced the susceptibility of intergranular corrosion.
The anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel of embodiment 1,2,3,4 is preferably taked the little heat input welding of 1kJ/cm, and 30 ℃/s cools off fast, and the multi-layer welding that interlayer temperature is 70 ℃ contains an amount of ferritic to guarantee weld seam, prevents the generation of thermal crack effectively.
The anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel of embodiment 1,2,3,4, but all-position welding.Weldableness is splendid, wire feed is smooth and easy, arc stability, moulding add attractive in appearance, splash few; The deposited metal stable mechanical performance, the X-Ray qualification rate is high.Be mainly used in the stainless steel of welding same type, stainless steel lining, the welding of dissimilar steel and high chromium steel, high mangaenese steel etc. often is applied to carbon steel and the different material welding of stainless steel or is applied to the relatively poor martensite of toughness, ferritic stainless steel welding.Industry such as application scenario such as petrochemical complex, firepower power station.
As shown in table 2, the austenitic stainless steel component of embodiment 5,6,7,8 and mass percent (wt%) surplus thereof are Fe.It is the 0.8kJ/cm welding that the austenitic stainless steel of embodiment 5,6,7,8 is preferably taked heat input, and carrying out speed of cooling is 27 ℃/s cooling, and the interlayer temperature of its multi-layer welding is 60 ℃.
The austenitic stainless steel component of table 2 embodiment 5,6,7,8 and mass percent (wt%) thereof
| ? | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Ti |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.07 | 0.8 | 7.4 | 0.025 | 0.010 | 19.2 | 9.4 | 0.72 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.06 | 0.6 | 6.2 | 0.020 | 0.012 | 20.5 | 8.7 | 0.84 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.02 | 0.55 | 8.0 | 0.030 | 0.015 | 18.6 | 10 | 0.9 |
| Embodiment 8 | 0.10 | 1.0 | 5.1 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 22 | 8.6 | 0.62 |
The anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel of embodiment 5,6,7,8 adds Ti; Make the mass percent of Ti be preferably 0.72%, 0.84%, 0.9%, 0.62%; The mass percent of C is preferably 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.02%, 0.10%; Ti more is prone to combine with carbon the element of the stable carbide of formation than Cr, the add-on of Ti be C more than 5 times the time, the overwhelming majority's C is present in the carbide of Ti; Thereby the massfraction that makes solid solution carbon drops to below 0.03%, and this just can guarantee the effective solid solution concentration of Cr in steel.Because Cr effective solid solution concentration in steel is guaranteed, thereby improve the anti intercrystalline corrosion sexuality of steel.
As shown in Figure 2, embodiment 5 with the intergranular corrosion tendency test test conditions of Comparative Examples is: specimen size is 10mm * 10mm * 5mm, reserves 1cm in its front
2Research surface, burn-oning at its back side has the lead of plastic skin, the rest part of sample is all inlayed with PS, adopts the oxalic acid electro-etching method in " Stainless Acid Resistant Steel intergranular corrosion tendency TP ", the intergranular corrosion tendency of determination test steel.Visible by Fig. 2; There are some little etch pits in the stainless etch face of embodiment 5, and etch depth is little, and the phenomenon that links between the etch pit has appearred in the austenitic stainless steel surface of Comparative Examples along the border of ferritic precipitated phase; Promptly formed the etch ditch; With this, the resistance to intergranular corrosion of 5 one kinds of austenitic stainless steels of embodiment can improve, and has reduced the susceptibility of intergranular corrosion.
The austenitic stainless steel of embodiment 5,6,7,8 is preferably taked the little heat input welding of 0.8kJ/cm, and 27 ℃/s cools off fast, and the multi-layer welding that interlayer temperature is 60 ℃ contains an amount of ferritic to guarantee weld seam, prevents the generation of thermal crack effectively.
The anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel of embodiment 5,6,7,8 is pure austenitic stainless steel welding wire, can carry out all-position welding.Because of adding Si, the molten iron flowability is good, thereby moulding is more attractive in appearance, wire feed is smooth and easy, arc stability, splash few; The deposited metal stable mechanical performance, the X-Ray qualification rate is high.Be usually used in the non-magnetic special occasions of needs such as nuclear-propelled submarine, armour plate, also can be used for the xenogenesis steel welding of difficult weldering and easy of crack.
Claims (6)
1. anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel, it is characterized in that: this stainless component mass percent (wt%) is: C: be not more than 0.10, Si:0.35-1.0; Mn:1.55-8.0, P ≦ 0.033, S ≦ 0.018; Cr:18.6-26.4; Ni:8.1-13, Ti:0.62-1.0, surplus is Fe.
2. anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this stainless component mass percent (wt%) is: C: be not more than 0.090, Si:0.35-0.9; Mn:1.55-2.4, P ≦ 0.033, S ≦ 0.018; Cr:24.2-26.4; Ni:11.2-13, Ti:0.65-1.0, surplus is Fe.
3. anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this stainless component mass percent (wt%) is: C: be not more than 0.10, Si:0.55-1.0; Mn:5.1-8.0, P ≦ 0.030, S ≦ 0.015; Cr:18.6-22; Ni:8.1-10, Ti:0.62-0.9, surplus is Fe.
4. like claim 2 or 3 described anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steels; It is characterized in that: it is welding below the 10kJ/cm that said austenitic stainless steel is taked heat input; Carrying out speed of cooling is the above cooling of 25 ℃/s, and the interlayer temperature of multi-layer welding is below 80 ℃.
5. anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: it is the 1kJ/cm welding that said austenitic stainless steel is taked heat input, and carrying out speed of cooling is 30 ℃/s cooling, and the interlayer temperature of multi-layer welding is 70 ℃.
6. anti intercrystalline corrosion austenite stainless steel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: it is the 0.8kJ/cm welding that said austenitic stainless steel is taked heat input, and carrying out speed of cooling is 27 ℃/s cooling, and the interlayer temperature of multi-layer welding is 60 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109072377A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2018-12-21 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Austenite stainless steel material |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0860244A (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-03-05 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of thick austenitic stainless steel plate |
| JPH1088289A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Chromium-manganese austenitic sintered steel with high corrosion resistance and high strength, its production, and its use |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0860244A (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-03-05 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of thick austenitic stainless steel plate |
| JPH1088289A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Chromium-manganese austenitic sintered steel with high corrosion resistance and high strength, its production, and its use |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张杰: "电站奥氏体不锈钢焊接工艺改进", 《现代焊接》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109072377A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2018-12-21 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Austenite stainless steel material |
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Application publication date: 20121017 |