CN102732763B - High-strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy - Google Patents
High-strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a high-strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy. The alloy comprises the following alloying elements distributed in the alloy, by weight, 8.2-10.2% of Gd, 5.0-6.0% of Y, 0.5-4.0% of Zn, 0.5-0.8% of Mn, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities. The alloy is prepared by adopting the following process: material preparing, vacuum melting and ingot casting, uniformization annealing, extrusion and heat treatment. According to the present invention, Mg, Zn, Gd and Y form a large amount of long period phases in the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy so as to provide a significant dispersion strengthening effect, and the time effect treatment is adopted to introduce the strengthening effect of the metastable phase; the process is a preparation method for the high-strength deformation Mg alloy, wherein the method integrates solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and deformation strengthening; the method has characteristics of simple process, strong portability, easy operation and low cost; with the method, tensile strength and yield strength of the allay at the room temperature are significantly improved, and difficulty of allay application limitation due to low mechanical property is solved so as to expand the application range of the Mg alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wrought magnesium alloys and manufacture method thereof, a kind of high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy particularly, described alloy is a kind of five yuan of magnesium alloy, comprises Mg, Gd, Y, Zn and five kinds of alloying elements of Mn, and described high strength refers to tensile strength 〉=495MPa that material can reach.
Background technology
The Young's modulus of magnesium is less, can produce larger distortion under stressed effect, thereby magnesium alloy can absorb larger striking energy under impact loading, can make the part that withstands shocks.Magnesium and alloy thereof have been subject to people and have more and more paid close attention to, and obtained application to a certain degree in fields such as defence and military, aerospace, high-speed rail transportation, telecommunications as the lightest common metal structured material.But, because magnesium alloy strength is low, also be difficult to be widely used in load assembly, especially the application quantity of wrought magnesium alloys still lags far behind iron and steel and aluminium alloy, its room-temperature mechanical property is obviously not enough, serious restriction its further application.
The quality percentage composition that CN200810230077.2 discloses " a kind of cast Mg alloy with high strength and melting method thereof " its each composition is respectively: Gd:8.1～11.5%, Y:1.0～4.5%, RE:0.01～3.0%, Zn:0.01～0.2%, Mn:0～0.18%, Zr≤1.0%, and (Gd+Y+RE)≤15.5%; Surplus is Mg and impurity.Take Gd and Y as main alloy element, take multielement rare earth RE and Zn, Mn as the assistant alloy element, and further reduce alloy oxidation and use the Zr thinning processing with Be, Ca, alloy strength is high, and Good Heat-resistance is fit to make workpiece with castmethod.But because formula is complicated, rare earth element uses various, has increased the preparation difficulty.The best mechanical property of its acquisition is Mg-8.1Gd-4.5Y-0.11La-0.06Pr-0.41Nd-0.96Sm0.57Dy-0.35Er-0 .3Yb-0.12Ho-0.01Zn casting alloy T6 attitude tensile strength 395MPa at room temperature, but elongation only has 4.0%, has limited its use properties and range of application.And, this invention alloy is cast magnesium alloys, there is certain limitation in the shape of product size of foundry goods and easily produces tissue defects, and this invention alloy has more increased cost of alloy still adding the Mg-Zr master alloy as grain-refining agent in the use rare earth elements in a large number.
CN200610144003.8 discloses " a kind of magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof ", and the component content of this magnesium alloy is: Gd:7～11wt%, and Y:2～5wt%, Zr:0.3～0.6wt%, Zn:0～1.0wt%, all the other are Mg and inevitable impurity element.This patent alloy casting attitude best mechanical performance data of normal temperature after solid solution, extruding and ageing treatment is tensile strength 450～480MPa, elongation 3～5%.The price of metallic Z r and alloy thereof is significantly higher than metal M n and alloy thereof, can increase cost of alloy, and this alloy unit elongation is lower.
Therefore, be chosen in magnesium and add alloying element and obtain a kind of diversification magnesium alloy system, adopt conventional equipment to obtain its cast alloy and cast alloy is processed into the As-extruded alloy, and the As-extruded alloy is carried out appropriate heat treatment, utilize the complex intensifying means to improve the intensity of magnesium alloy, improve comprehensive mechanical property and the use properties of magnesium alloy, expand its range of application, become those skilled in the art's problems to be solved.
Summary of the invention
For above shortcomings in prior art, the technical problem that the present invention solves is how to improve magnesium alloy strength, and a kind of high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy is provided, and realizes that technique is simple, processing ease and the purpose that reduces costs.
Realize above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy; It is characterized in that, described magnesium alloy mainly is comprised of Mg, Gd, Y, Zn and Mn, and each moiety quality percentage composition is: Gd=8.2～10.2, and Y=5.0～6.0, Zn=0.5～4.0, Mn=0.5～0.8, surplus is magnesium and inevitable impurity;
Described alloy adopts following method preparation:
(1) calculate according to said components the weight that needs raw material, raw material adopts pure magnesium, industrial-purity zinc, Mg-Gd master alloy, Mg-Y master alloy, Mg-Mn master alloy; Adopt vacuum melting, casting to obtain alloy cast ingot;
(2) alloy cast ingot that step (1) is obtained carries out homogenizing annealing to be processed, and its processing parameter is: 540 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of temperature, 4 hours time; The blank that makes is pushed again and obtain the As-extruded alloy, the processing parameter that wherein adopts is: 400 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, and extrusion ratio is 11, pushes on extrusion machine, extrusion speed is constant;
(3) the As-extruded alloy of step (2) after deformation processing carried out artificial aging and process, its processing parameter is: 200 ℃ of aging temps, and soaking time 50 hours, air cooling makes the high-strength magnesium alloy material.
Further, in step (1), described vacuum melting and be cast into and raw material added crucible and passes into argon gas protection, melting in vacuum smelting furnace; In 850 ℃ of insulations and electromagnetic induction stirring, raw material is fully melted, all continue 850 ℃ of standing insulations 10 minutes after fusing until alloy.
Screening formulation is: each moiety quality percentage composition of described magnesium alloy is: Gd-8.4%, Y-5.3%, Zn-1.65%, Mn-0.6%, the total content of impurity＜0.1%; Surplus is magnesium.
The inevitable impurity of the present invention is Si, Fe, its total amount＜0.1%.
The inventor thinks through after a large amount of experimental studies: Mg, Zn can form long period mutually with Gd, Y in magnesium alloy, these long period are as hard phase new in magnesium matrix, can play significant dispersion-strengthened effect, introduce again the strengthening effect of metastable phase by ageing treatment, take into account solution strengthening, dispersion-strengthened and precipitation strength mechanism, thereby can improve the room-temperature mechanical property of magnesium alloy.
Described high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy is not powder metallurgy, obtains extrusion processing after cast alloy but cast by melting, then the As-extruded alloy is carried out timeliness thermal treatment obtains final alloy.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention proposes to make Mg, Zn become a large amount of long period phases with Gd, Y shape in the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy, these long period are as hard phase new in magnesium matrix, can play significant dispersion-strengthened effect, introduce the strengthening effect of metastable phase by ageing treatment, this technique is that solution strengthening, precipitation strength and working hardening are in the preparation method of the high-strength deforming magnesium alloy of one again.
In the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy, except LPSO had good highly malleablized effect mutually, this system alloy also had significant ageing strengthening effect.The main contributions person of its ageing strengthening is metastable β, and " phase (close-packed hexagonal superstructure) and β be (end-centered orthorhombic structure) separate out in a large number mutually.Along with the prolongation of aging time, except metastable phase, the LPSO structure also can continue to separate out mutually.The appearance of LPSO phase can reduce system's total energy, activates the basal plane dislocation motion, puies forward heavy alloyed plasticity, and in conjunction with the precipitating reinforcing effect of metastable phase, this alloy is having the potentiality that become magnesium alloy with high strength and ductility.
Although the Zr element has the effect of effective crystal grain thinning,, in the alloy casting process Zr easily with Zn formation Zn
3Zr
2Intermetallic compound reduces the effect of its grain refining, and Zr easily produces serious segregation and segregation in adding up to the slow solidification process in addition, forms thick simple substance particle aggregation, Melting Quality and the mechanical property of deterioration alloy.And when melting, the utilization ratio of Mg-Zr master alloy is very low, and its price is very expensive, and the melting cost is very high.And separately there are some researches show, the Mn element is except putting forward the advantages such as heavy alloyed corrosive nature and removal harmful element Fe, its with the simple substance form disperse be distributed in magnesium alloy, equally can refinement dendrite, grain growth in dynamic recrystallization grain growth and follow-up heat treatment process in the obstruction hot extrusion process, and the grain-size of alloy can reduce along with the increase of Mn content.The present invention substitutes the Zr element with Mn, has prepared high strength Mg-9Gd-6Y-1.6Zn-0.6Mn (wt.%) alloy.
Only take following high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy as example, it has higher mechanical property, aging state Gd-8.4wt% wherein, Y-5.3wt%, Zn-1.65wt%, Mn-0.6wt%; Surplus is Mg and a small amount of impurity; The room temperature tensile strength of this alloy is 496MPa, and yield strength is 324MPa, and unit elongation is 9.7%; Its intensity is compared with the wrought magnesium alloys AZ91, the ZK60 that commonly use at present and is significantly improved.
Described high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy is not powder metallurgy, obtains extrusion processing after cast alloy but cast by melting, then the As-extruded alloy is carried out the alloy that obtains after appropriate heat treatment.
LPSO phase and metastable phase have been introduced in adding of middle-weight rare earths metal of the present invention, can significantly improve the room temperature obdurability of magnesium alloy, replace the Zr element with the Mn element, also help the corrosion resistance nature that improves alloy, reduce simultaneously cost of alloy, for condition has been created in the expansion of magnesium alloy Application Areas.
Technique of the present invention is simple, and equipment used is conventional general-purpose equipment, and is portable strong, and easily operation, with low cost, obviously improved room temperature tensile strength and the yield strength of alloy, solve the Mg alloy and limited the difficult problem of its application because mechanical property is low, enlarged the range of application of magnesium alloy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure picture of the alloy aging attitude of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Embodiment:
High strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy of the present invention is a kind of five yuan of magnesium alloy, comprises Mg, Gd, Y, Zn and five kinds of alloying elements of Mn, and described high strength refers to tensile strength 〉=495MPa that material can reach.
The inventor thinks through after a large amount of experimental studies: Mg, Zn can form long period mutually with Gd, Y in magnesium alloy, these long period are as hard phase new in magnesium matrix, can play significant dispersion-strengthened effect, introduce again the strengthening effect of metastable phase by ageing treatment, take into account solution strengthening, dispersion-strengthened and precipitation strength mechanism, thereby can improve the room-temperature mechanical property of magnesium alloy.
Embodiment 1:A kind of high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy, alloying constituent (weight percent): Gd-8.4%, Y-5.3%, Zn-1.65%, Mn-0.6%, impurity element Xiao Yu 0.1%, all the other are Mg.
The manufacture method of this high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy, carry out as follows:
Step 1: in vacuum melting furnace, the melting ingot casting, and pass into argon gas protection, and according to weight percent Gd=8.4%, Y=5.3%, Zn=1.65%, Mn=0.6% adds alloying element.Wherein, Gd, Y, Mn, Zn add with Mg-30Gd master alloy, Mg-25Y master alloy, Mg-3Mn master alloy and pure Zn form respectively.
In 850 ℃ of insulations and electromagnetic induction stirring, raw material is fully melted, all continue 850 ℃ of standing insulations 10 minutes after fusing until alloy, then cast.
Step 2: the magnesium alloy ingot of institute's melting is carried out the homogenizing processing, and its processing parameter is: 540 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of temperature, 4 hours time.Homogenizing is carried out conventional hot extrusion to magnesium alloy ingot after processing, and extrusion temperature is 400 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 11, and extrusion speed is constant.
The performance of magnesium alloy sees Table 1, and wherein mechanical property refers to tensile strength and the yield strength under Alloy At Room Temperature.
Step 3: the As-extruded alloy is carried out ageing treatment, and its processing parameter is: thermal treatment temp is 200 ℃, soaking time 50 hours, air cooling.The performance of magnesium alloy sees Table 1, and wherein mechanical property refers to tensile strength and the yield strength under Alloy At Room Temperature.Table 1 is the mechanical property table of the described high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy of embodiment 1.
Realize other Example formulations of the object of the invention, referring to table 2, wherein mechanical property refers to tensile strength and the yield strength under alloy aging attitude room temperature; Processing method is referring to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 2:A kind of high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy, alloying constituent (weight percent): Gd-9.42%, Y-5.58%, Zn-0.65%, Mn-0.63%, impurity element Xiao Yu 0.1%, all the other are magnesium.
The manufacture method of this high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:A kind of high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy, alloying constituent (weight percent): Gd-9.19%, Y-5.6%, Zn-2.82%, Mn-0.72%, impurity element Xiao Yu 0.1%, all the other are magnesium.
The manufacture method of this high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:A kind of high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy, alloying constituent (weight percent): Gd-9.22%, Y-5.59%, Zn-3.74%, Mn-0.56%, impurity element Xiao Yu 0.1%, all the other are magnesium.
The manufacture method of this high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5:A kind of high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy, alloying constituent (weight percent): Gd-10.01%, Y-5.66%, Zn-1.60%, Mn-0.54%, impurity element Xiao Yu 0.1%, all the other are magnesium.
The manufacture method of this high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy is with embodiment 1.
Table 2 is the mechanical property table of the described high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy of embodiment 2-5.
Preparation technology of the present invention has that versatility is wide, a simple ripe and easy advantage such as realization of portable strong, technique.
Should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make the present invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way.Therefore, although this specification sheets has been described in detail to the present invention,, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that still and can modify or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not break away from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of spirit of the present invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy; It is characterized in that, described magnesium alloy mainly is comprised of Mg, Gd, Y, Zn and Mn, and each moiety quality percentage composition is: Gd=8.2～10.2, and Y=5.0～6.0, Zn=0.5～4.0, Mn=0.5～0.8, surplus is magnesium and inevitable impurity;
Described alloy adopts following method preparation:
(1) calculate according to said components the weight that needs raw material, raw material adopts pure magnesium, industrial-purity zinc, Mg-Gd master alloy, Mg-Y master alloy, Mg-Mn master alloy; Adopt vacuum melting, casting to obtain alloy cast ingot;
(2) alloy cast ingot that step (1) is obtained carries out homogenizing annealing to be processed, and its processing parameter is: 540 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of temperature, 4 hours time; The ingot casting that makes is pushed again and obtain the As-extruded alloy, the processing parameter that wherein adopts is: 400 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, and extrusion ratio is 11, pushes on extrusion machine, extrusion speed is constant;
(3) the As-extruded alloy of step (2) after deformation processing carried out artificial aging and process, its processing parameter is: 200 ℃ of aging temps, and soaking time 50 hours, air cooling makes the high-strength magnesium alloy material.
2. high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), described vacuum melting is for to add raw material crucible and to pass into argon gas protection, melting in vacuum smelting furnace; In 850 ℃ of insulations and electromagnetic induction stirring, raw material is fully melted, all continue 850 ℃ of standing insulations 10 minutes after fusing until alloy.
3. high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each moiety quality percentage composition of described magnesium alloy is: Gd-8.4%, Y-5.3%, Zn-1.65%, Mn-0.6%, the total content of impurity＜0.1%; Surplus is magnesium.
4. high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each moiety quality percentage composition of described magnesium alloy is: Gd-10.01%, Y-5.66%, Zn-1.60%, Mn-0.54%, the total content of impurity＜0.1%; Surplus is magnesium.
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| CN111057924B (en) * | 2020-01-05 | 2021-07-02 | 北京工业大学 | High-plasticity low-rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113444946B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-02-11 | 中北大学 | High-strength and high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy and treatment method thereof |
| CN115305373A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-08 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Method for forming magnesium alloy basal plane precipitated phase |
| CN115537621B (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2023-07-14 | 重庆大学 | High-temperature-resistant high-strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy and preparation method thereof |
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