CN102732677B - Refining method for preventing carbureting of molten steel in LF (ladle furnace) through utilizing argon plasmas - Google Patents
Refining method for preventing carbureting of molten steel in LF (ladle furnace) through utilizing argon plasmas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102732677B CN102732677B CN201210181528.4A CN201210181528A CN102732677B CN 102732677 B CN102732677 B CN 102732677B CN 201210181528 A CN201210181528 A CN 201210181528A CN 102732677 B CN102732677 B CN 102732677B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a refining method for preventing carbureting of molten steel in an LF through utilizing argon plasmas, and belongs to the field of refining technologies in steelmaking in the metallurgical industry. A technical scheme is characterized in that a solid graphite electrode of the LF is replaced by a hollow graphite electrode, the center hole of the hollow graphite electrode is used to access argon to form an argon plasma arc, so direct contact of the electrode with air and the molten steel is avoided; and the generated plasma arc is used to heat, so the heating time is shortened, the hollow graphite electrode consumption is reduced, the carbureting of the molten steel in the refining process is mitigated, and the carbureting amount of the molten steel is controlled at below 0.005%. The method has the following positive effects: the argon plasma LF can combine all refining functions of present LF technologies, so it is easy to realize an argon plasma furnace from the LF; the generated argon plasmas have the advantages of high heating efficiency, slugging benefiting and the like; the heating period and the smelting period can be shortened; and electric energy is saved. By controlling the carbureting amount in the LF refining process, a decarburization function of RH or VD can be partially replaced, so the steelmaking operation is reduced, and the production cost is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of refining that utilizes argon plasma to prevent molten steel carburetting in LF stove, belong to metallurgy industry technical field of steelmaking and refining.
Background technology
Adopting the conventional LF of solid Graphite Electrodes power supply is one of external refining means important in ferrous metallurgy process, and because its refining function is powerful, smelting cycle is flexible, is effective buffering link of steel-making and continuous casting.But, when smelting low carbon steel and ultra low-carbon steel, LF refining process ubiquity carburetting phenomenon.Have document to claim, when smelting low carbon steel (C:0.04%-0.07%), the average carbon increasing amount of LF refining process reaches as high as 0.033%, therefore, when smelting low carbon steel and ultra low-carbon steel, conventionally need to carry out carbonization treatment by RH or VD equal vacuum decarbonation appliance, increased steel making working procedure cost.And, due to the carburetting problem of LF, not only cause LF consumption of electrode high, also require steel-making tapping end point carbon must be controlled at lower level, shortened the life-span of first furnace and increased smelting cost.
The major cause that causes the carburetting of LF refining process is Graphite Electrodes carburetting, and Graphite Electrodes contacts with air, slag and molten steel in heat-processed, is easily oxidized and comes off to enter molten steel, causes molten steel to increase the carbon of 0.01-0.035%.Therefore, control Graphite Electrodes carburetting and will be the key link that suppresses the carburetting of LF refining process.For the carburetting problem of LF refining process, the Main Means of taking at present has: (1) arrives bottom line by BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING flow control; (2) shorten heat-up time; (3) optimize type of heating and heating times, improve heat-up rate.Above-mentioned three kinds of methods all can not fundamentally solve molten steel and contact the carburetting problem causing with Graphite Electrodes, can only alleviate to some extent carburetting problem.Chinese Patent Application No. 200810118717.0, provides a kind of LF method of anti-carburetting, and the method adopts at refining position large argon gas stirringization slag, and after slag chargeization is good, lower electrode heats again, can alleviate LF refining process carbon increasing amount to 0.023%; But the method just reduces the duration of contact of electrode and molten steel, can not solve carburetting problem at all.The doctor Zhang Huishu of Northeastern University academic dissertation " adopts the fundamental research of the interior metallurgical behavior of novel LF stove of hollow electrode blowing gas ", and on the 100Kg direct current induction furnace of laboratory, research adopts electrode winding-up Ar-H
2the method of gas prevents molten steel recarburization, its mechanism is to utilize the H ion of ionization and the generation of the C in steel decarburizing reaction to alleviate carburetting, and result shows, compares with solid electrode, adopt hollow electrode winding-up hydrogen-containing gas molten steel carbon increasing amount obviously to reduce, carburetting speed also obviously reduces.This technique can cause molten steel increase hydrogen phenomenon and increase consumption of electrode, meanwhile, considers that H can cause the disadvantageous effects such as hydrogen embrittlement to steel product quality and mechanical property, is obnoxious flavour element, and the method only limits to laboratory study, is difficult to obtain application in actual production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method of refining that utilizes argon plasma to prevent molten steel carburetting in LF stove, adopt hollow graphite electrode as the heating electrode of LF, utilize the centre hole of electrode to ladle argon-blown, under high arc temperature, produce argon plasma parcel electrode, utilize plasma arc to heat, can realize the inert atmosphere of LF and smelt, and avoid electrode to contact with the direct of molten steel, reduce consumption of electrode, reduce molten steel recarburization.Because Arc Plasma Heating efficiency is higher, also can shorten heat-up time simultaneously, further reduce carburetting, solve the problems referred to above that background technology exists.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of method of refining that utilizes argon plasma to prevent molten steel carburetting in LF stove, the solid Graphite Electrodes of LF is replaced by hollow graphite electrode, utilize the centre hole of hollow graphite electrode to pass into argon gas, form argon plasma arc, form protective atmosphere, avoid electrode to contact with the direct of air, molten steel; Utilize the plasma arc producing to heat, shorten heat-up time, reduce hollow graphite electrode consumption, the carburetting that alleviates molten steel in refining process, molten steel recarburization amount can be controlled at below 0.005%.
Processing step is as follows more specifically:
A) argon gas is called carrier gas, while starting refining, passes into the carrier gas of 100-1000NL/min by the centre hole of hollow graphite electrode, gets rid of the air between steel ladle cover and molten steel face;
B) hollow graphite electrode is inserted between molten steel face and the top of the slag, carrier gas flux is adjusted to a ton steel 0.5-2NL/min, switch on power and make the hollow graphite electrode starting the arc, after arc stability, increase carrier gas flux to ton steel 5-12NL/min, carrier gas produces plasma body under arcing, and utilizes plasma source to carry out molten steel heating, completes various refining tasks under the protection atmosphere of plasma gas;
C) after refining finishes, when hollow graphite electrode lifts, hollow graphite electrode centre hole argon flow amount is adjusted to 50-500NL/min, remains that refining atmosphere is inert atmosphere.
The power supply of described hollow graphite electrode is low-voltage and high-current three-phase alternating-current supply, voltage range: 240 ~ 390V, range of current: 35000 ~ 50000A.
Described hollow graphite electrode center-hole diameter is 9-20mm.
Magnetic valve and under meter are installed in the gas-carrier pipeline of hollow graphite electrode and are controlled and detect carrier gas flux, and control carrier gas flux by programmable logic controller PLC, realize opening and closing.
Positively effect of the present invention:
1) all refining function of the compatible existing LF technique of argon plasma LF energy, are transformed into Ar plasma heating furnace ratio by LF and are easier to realize, and only need to change hollow electrode and be connected compressed air source unit.
2) argon plasma producing has the advantages such as concentration of energy, heating efficiency are high, being beneficial to slag, can shorten heat-up time and smelting cycle, saves energy.
3) utilize the inert atmosphere protection of argon plasma, can avoid contacting of Graphite Electrodes and air, prevent due to anodizing and the molten steel recarburization that comes off and cause, molten steel recarburization amount can be relieved to below 0.005%.
4) by controlling the carbon increasing amount of LF refining process, can partly replace the decarburization function of RH or VD, reduce steel making working procedure, save production cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
A kind of method of refining that utilizes argon plasma to prevent molten steel carburetting in LF stove, the solid Graphite Electrodes of LF is replaced by hollow graphite electrode, utilizes the centre hole of hollow graphite electrode to pass into argon gas, form argon plasma arc, form protective atmosphere, avoid electrode to contact with the direct of air, molten steel; Utilize the plasma arc producing to heat, shorten heat-up time, reduce hollow graphite electrode consumption, the carburetting that alleviates molten steel in refining process, molten steel recarburization amount can be controlled at below 0.005%.
Embodiment mono-:
120t AC LF refining furnace, is replaced by hollow graphite electrode by original solid Graphite Electrodes used, voltage 360V, and electric current 48000A, hollow graphite electrode median pore diameter is 9mm; Hollow graphite electrode is connected with Ar compressed air source unit by pipeline, magnetic valve and under meter is installed on pipeline and is controlled and detect carrier gas flux, and can control control and the switch of realizing gas flow by PLC and close; While starting refining; by hollow graphite electrode centre hole, pass into 1000NL/min argon gas; get rid of the air between steel ladle cover and molten steel face; hollow graphite electrode is inserted between molten steel face and the top of the slag afterwards; argon flow amount is adjusted to a ton steel 2NL/min; switch on power and make the hollow graphite electrode starting the arc; after arc stability; increase argon flow amount to ton steel 10NL/min; carrier gas produces plasma body under arcing; and utilize plasma source to carry out molten steel heating, under the protection atmosphere of plasma gas, complete various refining tasks.The present embodiment utilizes aforesaid method to smelt SPHD, the 11021 heat LF molten steel C:0.034% that enters the station, departures C:0.035%, carburetting 0.001%.
Embodiment bis-:
150t three-phase alternating current LF refining furnace, is replaced by hollow graphite electrode by original solid Graphite Electrodes used, voltage 390V, and electric current 50000A, hollow graphite electrode median pore diameter is 20mm; Hollow graphite electrode is connected with Ar compressed air source unit by pipeline, magnetic valve and under meter is installed on pipeline and is controlled and detect carrier gas flux, and can control control and the switch of realizing gas flow by PLC and close; While starting refining; by hollow graphite electrode centre hole, pass into 1000NL/min argon gas; get rid of the air between steel ladle cover and molten steel face; hollow graphite electrode is inserted between molten steel face and the top of the slag afterwards; argon flow amount is adjusted to a ton steel 2NL/min; switch on power and make the hollow graphite electrode starting the arc; after arc stability; increase argon flow amount to ton steel 12NL/min; carrier gas produces plasma body under arcing; and utilize plasma source to carry out molten steel heating, under the protection atmosphere of plasma gas, complete various refining tasks.The present embodiment utilizes aforesaid method to smelt SPHD, the 1101456 heat LF molten steel C:0.028% that enters the station, departures C:0.030%, carburetting 0.002%.
Embodiment tri-:
60t three-phase alternating current LF refining furnace, is replaced by hollow graphite electrode by original solid Graphite Electrodes used, voltage 240V, and electric current 35000A, hollow graphite electrode median pore diameter is 12mm; Hollow graphite electrode is connected with Ar compressed air source unit by pipeline, magnetic valve and under meter is installed on pipeline and is controlled and detect carrier gas flux, and can control control and the switch of realizing gas flow by PLC and close; While starting refining; by hollow graphite electrode centre hole, pass into 100NL/min argon gas; get rid of the air between steel ladle cover and molten steel face; hollow graphite electrode is inserted between molten steel face and the top of the slag afterwards; argon flow amount is adjusted to a ton steel 0.5NL/min; switch on power and make the hollow graphite electrode starting the arc; after arc stability; increase argon flow amount to ton steel 5NL/min; carrier gas produces plasma body under arcing; and utilize plasma source to carry out molten steel heating, under the protection atmosphere of plasma gas, complete various refining tasks.The present embodiment utilizes aforesaid method to smelt SPHD, the 1504223 heat LF molten steel C:0.025% that enters the station, departures C:0.030%, carburetting 0.005%.
Embodiment tetra-:
100t three-phase alternating current LF refining furnace, is replaced by hollow graphite electrode by original solid Graphite Electrodes used, voltage 320V, and electric current 42000A, hollow graphite electrode median pore diameter is 15mm; Hollow graphite electrode is connected with Ar compressed air source unit by pipeline, magnetic valve and under meter is installed on pipeline and is controlled and detect carrier gas flux, and can control control and the switch of realizing gas flow by PLC and close; While starting refining; by hollow graphite electrode centre hole, pass into 800NL/min argon gas; get rid of the air between steel ladle cover and molten steel face; hollow graphite electrode is inserted between molten steel face and the top of the slag afterwards; argon flow amount is adjusted to a ton steel 2NL/min; switch on power and make the hollow graphite electrode starting the arc; after arc stability; increase argon flow amount to ton steel 12NL/min; carrier gas produces plasma body under arcing; and utilize plasma source to carry out molten steel heating, under the protection atmosphere of plasma gas, complete various refining tasks.The present embodiment utilizes aforesaid method to smelt SPHD, the 1801236 heat LF molten steel C:0.035% that enters the station, and departures C:0.035%, LF refining process is without carburetting.
Embodiment five:
80t three-phase alternating current LF refining furnace, is replaced by hollow graphite electrode by original solid Graphite Electrodes used, voltage 280V, and electric current 38750A, hollow graphite electrode median pore diameter is 9mm; Hollow graphite electrode is connected with Ar compressed air source unit by pipeline, magnetic valve and under meter is installed on pipeline and is controlled and detect carrier gas flux, and can control control and the switch of realizing gas flow by PLC and close; While starting refining; by hollow graphite electrode centre hole, pass into 700NL/min argon gas; get rid of the air between steel ladle cover and molten steel face; hollow graphite electrode is inserted between molten steel face and the top of the slag afterwards; argon flow amount is adjusted to a ton steel 1.5NL/min; switch on power and make the hollow graphite electrode starting the arc; after arc stability; increase argon flow amount to ton steel 10NL/min; carrier gas produces plasma body under arcing; and utilize plasma source to carry out molten steel heating, under the protection atmosphere of plasma gas, complete various refining tasks.The present embodiment utilizes aforesaid method to smelt SPHD, the 1404566 heat LF molten steel C:0.025% that enters the station, departures C:0.026%, carburetting 0.001%.
Claims (3)
1. a method of refining that utilizes argon plasma to prevent molten steel carburetting in LF stove, it is characterized in that: the solid Graphite Electrodes of LF is replaced by hollow graphite electrode, utilize the centre hole of hollow graphite electrode to pass into argon gas, form argon plasma arc, form protective atmosphere, avoid electrode to contact with the direct of air, molten steel; Utilize the plasma arc producing to heat, shorten heat-up time, reduce hollow graphite electrode consumption, the carburetting that alleviates molten steel in refining process, molten steel recarburization amount can be controlled at below 0.005%, and concrete processing step is as follows:
A) argon gas is called carrier gas, while starting refining, passes into the carrier gas of 100-1000NL/min by the centre hole of hollow graphite electrode, gets rid of the air between steel ladle cover and molten steel face;
B) hollow graphite electrode is inserted between molten steel face and the top of the slag, carrier gas flux is adjusted to a ton steel 0.5-2NL/min, switch on power and make the hollow graphite electrode starting the arc, after arc stability, increase carrier gas flux to ton steel 5-12NL/min, carrier gas produces plasma body under arcing, and utilizes plasma source to carry out molten steel heating, completes various refining tasks under the protection atmosphere of plasma gas;
C) after refining finishes, when hollow graphite electrode lifts, hollow graphite electrode centre hole argon flow amount is adjusted to 50-500NL/min, remains that refining atmosphere is inert atmosphere;
The power supply of described hollow graphite electrode is low-voltage and high-current three-phase alternating-current supply, voltage range 240 ~ 390V, range of current: 35000 ~ 50000A.
2. a kind of method of refining that utilizes argon plasma to prevent molten steel carburetting in LF stove according to claim 1, is characterized in that described hollow graphite electrode center-hole diameter is 9-20mm.
3. according to a kind of method of refining that utilizes argon plasma to prevent molten steel carburetting in LF stove described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: magnetic valve and under meter are installed in the gas-carrier pipeline of hollow graphite electrode and are controlled and detect carrier gas flux, and control carrier gas flux by programmable logic controller PLC, realize opening and closing.
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| RU2774680C1 (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-21 | Публичное акционерное общество "Северсталь" (ПАО "Северсталь") | Method for out-of-furnace processing of steel in a ladle |
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| CN103993132B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-09-02 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司 | The method of LF stove smelting low-nitrogen steel |
| CN114561510B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-19 | 北京奥邦新材料有限公司 | Method for controlling carbon in refining furnace or tundish of steelmaking on line through gas phase |
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| CN1218900A (en) * | 1997-11-28 | 1999-06-09 | 北京兰斯节能技术开发中心 | Direct current steel ladle refiner |
| CN2550708Y (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-05-14 | 罗廷和 | AC plasma steel ladle refining furnace |
| CN100535153C (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2009-09-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for processing ultra-pure ferrite stainless steel by using ladle refining furnace to control carbon and nitrogen content |
| CN101418366B (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2010-12-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Top and bottom combined blown dehydrogenation method of refined-smelting ladle furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2774680C1 (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-21 | Публичное акционерное общество "Северсталь" (ПАО "Северсталь") | Method for out-of-furnace processing of steel in a ladle |
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