CN102731222A - Sustained and controlled release compound fertilizer and its preparation method - Google Patents
Sustained and controlled release compound fertilizer and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102731222A CN102731222A CN2012101824368A CN201210182436A CN102731222A CN 102731222 A CN102731222 A CN 102731222A CN 2012101824368 A CN2012101824368 A CN 2012101824368A CN 201210182436 A CN201210182436 A CN 201210182436A CN 102731222 A CN102731222 A CN 102731222A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sustained and controlled release compound fertilizer and its preparation method. The compound fertilizer is a particulate fertilizer, the particulate fertilizer contains various nutrients, and surfaces of solid particles of each nutrient are coated with sustained and controlled release gummy films. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, respectively preparing the various nutrients: (1) crushing base raw materials of a single nutrient, (2) adding the crushed base raw materials to a high speed mixer, starting the high speed mixer, and adding the gummy material having a weight being 2-8% of the total weight of the base raw materials to the high speed mixer, fully stirring and mixing the base raw materials of the particles and the gummy material to form the gummy films on the surfaces of the base raw materials of the particles and make the nutrient have a microcapsule shape, and (3), respectively preparing other nutrients according to step (1) and step (2); and 2, preparing the sustained and controlled release compound fertilizer: sending the various microcapsule-shaped nutrients to a granulator, and granulating to mutually mix the various microcapsule-shaped nutrients and form the sustained and controlled release particulate fertilizer. According to the invention, the agreement of the nutrient release rate of the fertilizer and the plant nutrient absorption rate is improved, and the utilization rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of slow controlled release compound fertilizer, and the preparation method that should delay controlled release compound fertilizer.
Background technology
Slow controlled release compound fertilizer is through the rate of release of nutrient in the control fertilizer, prolongs release period, thereby makes fertilizer satisfy the nutritional needs of crop in the whole growth phase.
Existing slow controlled release compound fertilizer is various nutrients to be mixed form particle, and at particle surface parcel one deck resin molding, forms slow release-controlled film with this resin molding.After granulated fertilizer was manured into soil, soil moisture was postponed and is got in the hole of release-controlled film, and the various nutrients that dissolving is wrapped, these nutrients discharge through the micropore of slow release-controlled film again, supply with growing nutrient to plant.Because this composite fertilizer is with the whole coating of particle; Whole granulated fertilizer has only a slow release-controlled film, and after soil moisture got into slow release-controlled film, all nutrients were dissolved, disengage; Can only accomplish relative slow controlled release; Can't control respectively the multiple nutrient release rate in the granulated fertilizer, also just can not realize the differentiation of all fertilizer releasing periods in the granulated fertilizer, the anastomose property of fertilizer nutrient rate of release and plant nutrient uptake rate is poor; Fertilizer utilization ratio is low, has the phenomenon of waste and environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: to the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art; Providing a kind of can control every kind in granulated fertilizer nutrient rate of release fully; Realize the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of all fertilizer releasing period differentiation in the granulated fertilizer, and the preparation method of this composite fertilizer.Should improve utilization rate of fertilizer greatly by slow controlled release compound fertilizer, more help satisfying crop each stage to nutrient demand.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention realizes through following technical proposals: a kind of slow controlled release compound fertilizer; Said composite fertilizer is a granulated fertilizer; Has multiple nutrient in the granulated fertilizer; The solia particle of every kind of nutrient is coated with the gluey film of the slow controlled release of one deck in the said granulated fertilizer, is microencapsulated.
Said gluey film is at least a in resin, colloid, the lipid.
The preparation method of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer comprises the following order step:
1). prepare various nutrients respectively
1.. the basic material of single a kind of nutrient is broken;
2.. the basic material of fragmentation is added in the high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; In high-speed mixer, add 2～8% colloidal material of basic material gross weight, make each particulate basic material and colloidal material fully stir, mix, each particulate basic material surface forms gluey film, is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare the nutrient of other kind respectively according to step;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
The various nutrients of microencapsulated are sent in the tablets press, started the tablets press granulation, the nutrient of each microencapsulated is mixed each other, form slow controlled release granule fertilizer.
The fragmentation of step in 1. is that basic material is crushed to 40～200 orders.
The colloidal material of step in 2. is molten state or liquid state, and adition process slowly adds for continuing.
The step 2. interior temperature of high speed mixing machine is 60～80 ℃.
The 2. middle time of stirring of step is 3～5min.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer is through dividing parcel slow release-controlled film to the every breeding in the granulated fertilizer; Reach control fully to every kind in granulated fertilizer nutrient rate of release; Realize the differentiation of all fertilizer releasing periods in the granulated fertilizer, and then improve the anastomose property of fertilizer nutrient rate of release and plant nutrient uptake rate, avoid nutrient loss; Utilization rate of fertilizer is high, reduces even has stopped fertilizer waste and environmental pollution phenomenon.Characteristics such as that preparation technology of the present invention has is simple, handled easily, production efficiency is high, cost is lower, reliable and practical are convenient to realize industrialized scale prodn.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1: the present invention is the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of granule type of particle diameter 1～4.75mm (particle diameter meets the GB15063-2009 national standard and requires); Have a plurality of nutrients 2 in the granulated fertilizer 1; The gluey film 3 that is coated with the slow controlled release of one deck of each nutrient 2, each nutrient 2 is microencapsulated.The present invention makes through following embodiment, and following embodiment is several preferred version of the present invention, can not be as limiting protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in the particle of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer, concrete preparation method comprises the following order step:
1). prepare nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition respectively
1.. the basic material urea of nitrogen nutrient is broken, be crushed to 60～120 orders;
2.. the urea of fragmentation is added in the high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; Temperature in the high-speed mixer is 66 ℃; In high-speed mixer, continue slowly to add 3% colloidal material of (avoiding caking) urea gross weight; Colloidal material is liquid, makes each particulate urea and colloidal material fully stir, mix, and churning time is 5min; The surface of each particulate urea forms gluey film, and each particulate urea is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare phosphorus nutrient (basic material is monoammonium phosphate, superphosphate of lime) and potassium nutrition (basic material is a Repone K) respectively according to step, form the phosphorus nutrient and the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated respectively;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
Nitrogen nutrient, phosphorus nutrient, the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated are sent in the tablets press, pressed the common process granulation; The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition mix by means of materials such as the steam in the tablets press, washings, propylhomoserins each other, and granulating, form the slow controlled release granule fertilizer of particle diameter 1～4.75mm; With packing after granulated fertilizer oven dry, the cooling.
Above-mentioned colloidal material is resin (like a polyoxyethylene glycol), has certain permeability and water-soluble.
Comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in the particle of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer, concrete preparation method comprises the following order step:
1). prepare nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition respectively
1.. the basic material ammonium chloride of nitrogen nutrient is broken, be crushed to 80～120 orders;
2.. the ammonium chloride of fragmentation is added in the high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; Temperature in the high-speed mixer is 73 ℃; In high-speed mixer, continue slowly to add the 5% colloidal material-resin of (avoiding caking) urea gross weight; Colloidal material is a molten state, makes each particulate ammonium chloride and colloidal material fully stir, mix, and churning time is 4min; The surface of each particulate ammonium chloride forms gluey film, and each particulate ammonium chloride is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare phosphorus nutrient (basic material is a superphosphate of lime) and potassium nutrition (basic material is Repone K, vitriolate of tartar) respectively according to step; The colloidal material of phosphorus nutrient surface parcel is a colloid; The colloidal material of potassium nutrition surface parcel is a lipid, forms the phosphorus nutrient and the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated respectively;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
Nitrogen nutrient, phosphorus nutrient, the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated are sent in the tablets press, pressed the common process granulation; The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition mix by means of materials such as the steam in the tablets press, washings, propylhomoserins each other, and granulating, form the slow controlled release granule fertilizer of particle diameter 1～4.75mm; With packing after granulated fertilizer oven dry, the cooling.
Comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in the particle of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer, concrete preparation method comprises the following order step:
1). prepare nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition respectively
1.. the basic material urea of nitrogen nutrient is broken, be crushed to 60～100 orders;
2.. the urea of fragmentation is added in the high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; Temperature in the high-speed mixer is 80 ℃; In high-speed mixer, continue slowly to add the 4% colloidal material-lipid and the colloid of (avoiding caking) urea gross weight; Colloidal material is liquid, makes each particulate urea and colloidal material fully stir, mix, and churning time is 5min; The surface of each particulate urea forms gluey film, and each particulate urea is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare phosphorus nutrient (basic material is monoammonium phosphate, superphosphate of lime) and potassium nutrition (basic material is a Repone K) respectively according to step; The colloidal material of phosphorus nutrient and potassium nutrition surface parcel is a resin, forms the phosphorus nutrient and the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated respectively;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
Nitrogen nutrient, phosphorus nutrient, the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated are sent in the tablets press, pressed the common process granulation; The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition mix by means of materials such as the steam in the tablets press, washings, propylhomoserins each other, and granulating, form the slow controlled release granule fertilizer of particle diameter 1～4.75mm; With packing after granulated fertilizer oven dry, the cooling.
Embodiment 4
Comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in the particle of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer, concrete preparation method comprises the following order step:
1). prepare nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition respectively
1.. the basic material urea and the ammonium chloride of nitrogen nutrient is broken, be crushed to 120～185 orders;
2.. the urea and the ammonium chloride of fragmentation are added in the high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; Temperature in the high-speed mixer is 61 ℃; In high-speed mixer, continue slowly to add 4% colloidal material of (avoiding caking) urea and ammonium chloride gross weight, colloidal material is liquid, makes each particulate urea, ammonium chloride and colloidal material fully stir, mix; Churning time is 3min; Each particulate urea, ammonium chloride, and the surface of urea and ammonium chloride forms gluey film, is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare phosphorus nutrient (basic material is monoammonium phosphate, superphosphate of lime) and potassium nutrition (basic material is a Repone K) respectively according to step, form the phosphorus nutrient and the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated respectively;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
Nitrogen nutrient, phosphorus nutrient, the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated are sent in the tablets press, pressed the common process granulation; The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition mix by means of materials such as the steam in the tablets press, washings, propylhomoserins each other, and granulating, form the slow controlled release granule fertilizer of particle diameter 1～4.75mm; With packing after granulated fertilizer oven dry, the cooling.
Above-mentioned colloidal material is resin (like a polyoxyethylene glycol), has certain permeability and water-soluble.
Claims (7)
1. slow controlled release compound fertilizer, said composite fertilizer is a granulated fertilizer, has multiple nutrient in the granulated fertilizer, it is characterized in that: the solia particle of every kind of nutrient is coated with the gluey film of the slow controlled release of one deck in the said granulated fertilizer, is microencapsulated.
2. according to the said slow controlled release compound fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said gluey film is at least a in resin, colloid, the lipid.
3. the preparation method of the said slow controlled release compound fertilizer of claim 1 comprises the following order step:
1). prepare various nutrients respectively
1.. the basic material of single a kind of nutrient is broken;
2.. the basic material of fragmentation is added in the high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; In high-speed mixer, add 2～8% colloidal material of basic material gross weight, make each particulate basic material and colloidal material fully stir, mix, each particulate basic material surface forms gluey film, is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare the nutrient of other kind respectively according to step;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
The various nutrients of microencapsulated are sent in the tablets press, started the tablets press granulation, the nutrient of each microencapsulated is mixed each other, form slow controlled release granule fertilizer.
4. according to the preparation method of the said slow controlled release compound fertilizer of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the fragmentation of step in 1. is that basic material is crushed to 40～200 orders.
5. according to the preparation method of the said slow controlled release compound fertilizer of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the colloidal material of step in 2. is molten state or liquid state, and adition process slowly adds for continuing.
6. according to the preparation method of the said slow controlled release compound fertilizer of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the step 2. interior temperature of high speed mixing machine is 60～80 ℃.
7. according to the preparation method of the said slow controlled release compound fertilizer of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the 2. middle time of stirring of step is 3～5min.
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| CN201210182436.8A CN102731222B (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2012-06-05 | Sustained and controlled release compound fertilizer and its preparation method |
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| CN201210182436.8A CN102731222B (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2012-06-05 | Sustained and controlled release compound fertilizer and its preparation method |
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| CN102731222B CN102731222B (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103360167A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-23 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Selenium-enriched radish microcapsule foliar fertilizer |
| CN103524200A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-22 | 黄继军 | Fertilizer with controllable slow release function in full growth period as well as preparation method thereof |
| CN103910586A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-09 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Slow release fertilizer applicable to water-fertilizer integration and preparation method thereof |
| CN107337521A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-10 | 山东新朝阳作物营养有限公司 | A kind of long-acting Water soluble fertilizer of novel controlled release and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1569773A (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-01-26 | 山东农业大学 | Modified epoxy resin coated slow-release fertilizer with spray coating urea as bottom coat |
| CN1603288A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 山东农业大学 | Coated controlled release fertilizer of degradable film prepared by reclaiming thermoplastic resin |
| CN101205149A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2008-06-25 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Special control-release fertilizer for resin coated jujube and preparation thereof |
| CN101693640A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-04-14 | 广东绿力生物科技有限公司 | Slow-release microcapsule fertilizer and manufacture method thereof |
| KR20110082763A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-20 | 순천대학교 산학협력단 | A method of slow-release fertilizer by using natural zeolite for crops under mulching cultivation |
-
2012
- 2012-06-05 CN CN201210182436.8A patent/CN102731222B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1569773A (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-01-26 | 山东农业大学 | Modified epoxy resin coated slow-release fertilizer with spray coating urea as bottom coat |
| CN1603288A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 山东农业大学 | Coated controlled release fertilizer of degradable film prepared by reclaiming thermoplastic resin |
| CN101205149A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2008-06-25 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Special control-release fertilizer for resin coated jujube and preparation thereof |
| CN101693640A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-04-14 | 广东绿力生物科技有限公司 | Slow-release microcapsule fertilizer and manufacture method thereof |
| KR20110082763A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-20 | 순천대학교 산학협력단 | A method of slow-release fertilizer by using natural zeolite for crops under mulching cultivation |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103360167A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-23 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Selenium-enriched radish microcapsule foliar fertilizer |
| CN103524200A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-22 | 黄继军 | Fertilizer with controllable slow release function in full growth period as well as preparation method thereof |
| CN103910586A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-09 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Slow release fertilizer applicable to water-fertilizer integration and preparation method thereof |
| CN103910586B (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-12-02 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Slow-release fertilizer of a kind of applicable water-fertilizer integral and preparation method thereof |
| CN107337521A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-10 | 山东新朝阳作物营养有限公司 | A kind of long-acting Water soluble fertilizer of novel controlled release and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102731222B (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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