CN102727692B - Spherical or spheroidic traditional Chinese medicine granule decoction piece and preparation method of same - Google Patents
Spherical or spheroidic traditional Chinese medicine granule decoction piece and preparation method of same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine and specifically relates to a spherical or spheroidic traditional Chinese medicine granule decoction piece and a preparation method of the same. The method of the invention aims at the prior art granulation process and traditional Chinese medicine materials with a high viscosity such as donkey-hide gelatin, turtle shell gelatin, tortoise plastron gelatin, dragons blood, Chinese dragons blood, propolis, deerhorn gelatin, etc., provides a new production technique which can make traditional Chinese medicine materials with a high viscosity into a spherical or spheroidic granule decoction piece with a regular shape and good fluidity. The method comprises steps of, A, grinding the traditional Chinese medicines and sieving by a sieve of 60-80 meshes; B, preparing soft materials (using purified water to mix soft materials is preferred.); C, using a compression granulator to extrude, shear and granulate into spherical or spheroidic shape granules; D, drying the granules and obtaining the product. The prepared granules are spherical or spheroidic, and are granule traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces with a regular and smooth shape, a good visibility, a small specific surface area and good fluidity, are not easy to absorb moisture and convenient to be subpackaged automatically, and satisfy the clinical request that compatibility of medicines according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory and co-decoction of the traditional Chinese medicines more facilitate to exert therapeutic effects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs field, be specifically related to spherical or the spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of class and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs are that Chinese crude drug passes through by Chinese medical theory, Chinese medicine processing method, after Processing methods, the Chinese medicine of tcm clinical practice can be directly used in.The prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs include part and cut into slices through the Chinese medicine of processing in production place (comprising cutting, block, lobe), original shape pharmaceutical decocting piece and the decoction pieces of processing through cutting (on the basis at source processed), big gun.
Inventor attempts traditional prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs to make graininess; but at present normally by medical material after the method extractions such as decoctions; make extractum; soft material processed, granulates, obtains granule common on market; because normally single medical material adopts organic solvent extraction when preparing granule; water is added adjuvant and is made granule after steaming and extracting volatile oil isoreactivity composition, takes during use by soaking after the mixing of the granule of each medical material.But granule can not coordinate Traditional Chinese medical theory combination drug completely: first, because extracting mode is different, traditional medication for decocting with water, part medical material need be decocted for a long time, rear under, take after mixing it with water; And granule adopts the preparation of modern extracting mode, only by index Composition Control product quality, inevitably there will be because of extracting mode difference causes medical material cannot the situation of onset.Moreover, in Chinese medicine tradition using method, by compatibility and " decocting altogether " medical material, the effect influencing each other, transform that medical material may exist when decocting can be conducive to; And granule is independent preparation, Traditional Chinese Medicine medication custom during preparation, can not be suited, cause using granule cannot reach the situation of decocting decoction pieces curative effect altogether.
Inventor attempts Chinese medicine to make graininess decoction pieces, can reduce decoction pieces medical material first and deposit volume, be beneficial to the stripping of medical material effective ingredient after second can being ground into granule.And coordinate Traditional Chinese Medicine medication rule, under the condition of decocting altogether, prepare medicament.But inventor is when adopting existing equipment to prepare granule, if viscosity is too large, cause pelletizing forming difficulty, then need to add the dilution of the adjuvant such as starch, dextrin to solve formation problems, and when traditionally medical material decocts, adjuvant can affect medicine soup perception, also medical material stripping effective ingredient can be affected, so inventor is not for when using adjuvant, Chinese crude drug (Chinese crude drug that especially viscosity is little) is prepared into granular pattern decoction pieces and encounters many difficulties, as:
1, the too large material of viscosity can not be granulated: the medical materials such as routine Colla Corii Asini, Colla carapax Trionycis, Colla Plastri Testudinis, Sanguis Draxonis, Sanguis Draxonis, propolis, Colla cornus cervi do not add adjuvant and are then difficult to pelletizing forming.
2, particle appearance is irregular: even if the medical materials such as Colla Corii Asini, Colla carapax Trionycis, Colla Plastri Testudinis, Sanguis Draxonis, Sanguis Draxonis, propolis, Colla cornus cervi are made granule, be also generally that indefinite form is irregular, visual appearance is poor.
3, specific surface area: because granule is irregular, coarse, specific surface area is the moisture absorption comparatively greatly and easily, even causes damaging by worms or going mouldy.
4, mobility: because granule is irregular, angle of repose, mobility was poor generally more than 30 °, caused content uniformity comparatively large (3-7%).
5, manual subpackage: due to can not pelletizing forming and can only use powder subpackage, because powder flowbility is too poor, can only the powder of manual subpackage medical material, causes that efficiency is low, cost is high, small scale, and sanitary conditions are unstable.
Summary of the invention
Inventor for existing granulating process and equipment for tough Chinese crude drug, mainly contain Colla Corii Asini, Colla carapax Trionycis, Colla Plastri Testudinis, Sanguis Draxonis, Sanguis Draxonis, propolis, Colla cornus cervi etc., because of its granule prepared, to there is profile irregular, the easy moisture absorption, the defect of poor fluidity, provides a kind of new production technology and prepares spherical or spherical particle decoction pieces.
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide one can be prepared into granule profile rule, the spherical or spherical particle decoction pieces of good fluidity by tough Chinese crude drug, its preparation method is:
A, traditional Chinese medicine powder was broken to 60-80 mesh sieve;
B, prepare soft material (can add water during soft material appropriate, be mixed to evenly moistening with Chinese drugs powder);
C, employing compressing grains mechanism grain, its squeeze pressure is 45000N ~ 150000N;
D, dried particles.
Wherein, when step B prepares soft material, add water appropriate, be mixed to evenly moistening with Chinese drugs powder, mixing, evenly moistening to material.
Preparation method committed step of the present invention:
1, Chinese crude drug is crossed 60-80 mesh sieve through coarse pulverization, only add pure water appropriate, mix homogeneously, makes soft material.
2, the squeeze pressure of compressing grains machine is when initial feeding; because feeding is less, then adopt relatively little squeeze pressure 45000N-6000N, after feeding enters normality, then adopt relatively large pressure 70000N ~ 120000N to extrude; if feeding amount is large, also suitably squeeze pressure can be increased.
3, adopt the extruding of compressing grains machine, shear, granulate, utilize the squeeze pressure that this equipment is powerful, by moistening soft material larger for the viscosity such as Colla Corii Asini, extruding slivering, then cutting, can obtain bulk density and be greater than 0.78g/cm
3granule.Inventor will " bulk density be greater than 0.78g/cm
3granule " be called " granule of compressive state ", the granular pile density of this compressive state is at least greater than 0.78g/cm
3, with this understanding, just can carry out second committed step of the present invention, realize expanded object; " granule of compressive state " bulk density that the present invention prepares gained is generally 0.78-0.90g/cm
3.
Adopt above-mentioned processing mode can obtain the spherical or spheroidal particle of class, better visual; The granule appearance made due to this method is fine and close, smooth, and specific surface area is less, under the precondition of identical material composition, and the unsuitable moisture absorption of more general granule; Scope angle of repose of granule pieces of the present invention is 10-20 °, and mobility of particle is better, and large production subpackage is accurate, and content uniformity little (generally at 2-3%), can meet the large production subpackage of equipment motorization completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of compressing grains machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the front view that the present invention gathers charging tray.
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the front view of splitter section of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the rearview of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the A-A profile of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the B-B profile of Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is the front view of extrusion die of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the left view of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the structure chart of existing Screw Extrusion pay-off screw rod.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of cooled screw structure of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the front view of peeling knife of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the top view of Figure 12.
Be labeled as in figure, 1-head, 2-discharge barrel, 3-extrusion die, 4-gathers charging tray, 5-by-passing parts, 6-peeling knife, 8-dynamical system, 9-biopsy system, 10-water collar, 30-discharge opening, 31-macropore, 32-aperture, 40-centre bore, 51-splitter box, 52-shunts ridge, 53-blow tank, 54-gathers charging tray bayonet socket, 55-central boss, 56-back-up block, 60-elastic, 61-sword limit, 71-inner cool tube, 72-cooling cover, 73-nut, 74-cools entrance, 75-coolant outlet, 76-front end fixed disk, 77-gear shaft part, 78-thread segment, 700-cooling duct, 720-cooling cover inner chamber.
Detailed description of the invention
Illustrate below by way of specific description of embodiments of the present invention but do not limit the present invention.
Inventor is for being prepared into granular pattern decoction pieces by Chinese crude drugs such as Colla Corii Asini, Colla carapax Trionycis, Colla Plastri Testudinis, Sanguis Draxonis, Sanguis Draxonis, propolis, Colla cornus cervis, but the viscosity of these medical materials is very big, adjuvant dilution must be added to granulate, even if the squeeze pressure also because of existing equipment after making soft material is less, viscosity is excessive, cannot realize overstocking into fine strip shape by mandatory for soft material, cause making granule irregular, coarse when cutting, make specific surface area larger, the easy moisture absorption, and mobility of particle is very poor is unfavorable for subpackage.
And adopt preparation method of the present invention, then can realize being prepared into appearance densification, smooth, specific surface area is less, the spherical or spheroidal particle of visual class preferably; And under the precondition of identical material composition, the unsuitable moisture absorption of more general granule; Scope angle of repose of granule is 10-20 °, and mobility is better, and large production subpackage is accurate, and content uniformity little (generally at 2-3%), can meet the large production subpackage of equipment motorization completely.
One of key point of preparation method of the present invention is: step C adopts compressing grains mechanism grain, and its squeeze pressure can reach 5 ~ 15KKg.The ubiquitous problem of existing equipment is as table 1:
Table 1
The compressing grains machine that preparation method of the present invention adopts can prepare evenly, rule, the better granule of mobility, this compressing grains machine is as Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 9, shown in Figure 11 ~ Figure 13, the double-screw type comprised in head 1 is extruded pay-off and is extruded with this discharge barrel 2 that pay-off coordinates, the exit of discharge barrel 2 arranges the extrusion die 3 having discharge opening 30, in discharge barrel 2, by-passing parts 5 is provided with between twin-screw extrusion pay-off and extrusion die 3, be provided with between twin-screw extrusion pay-off and by-passing parts 5 and the poly-charging tray 4 with centre bore 40 of by-passing parts 5 mutually by touching, the supplied materials side of by-passing parts 5 is evenly equipped with splitter box 51, splitter box 51 converges at the blow tank 53 of by-passing parts exit side, blow tank 53 is corresponding with the discharge opening 30 of extrusion die 3.The Double Circle stock column that twin-screw extrusion pay-off can be sent of hollow poly-charging tray 4 of the present invention is assembled and is changed over mono-cylindrical and before water conservancy diversion to by-passing parts 5, splitter box 51 is evenly equipped with as material channel in the supplied materials side of by-passing parts 5, ensureing to assemble the mono-cylindrical material strip formed can by uniform divided flows to extrusion die 3, material can evenly be extruded, thus obtained granule is comparatively even, improves the quality of products.
As Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, for improving granular mass further, described splitter box 51 is sector diffuence groove, it is shunting ridge 52 between adjacent two sector diffuence grooves, the part that shunting ridge 52 contacts with poly-charging tray as the separation between sector diffuence groove and by-passing parts, play the effect of transmitting extruding force, sector diffuence groove is more shallow near the degree of depth of the part groove at middle part, area is less, extruding force is larger, corresponding material flow is less, and it is darker near the degree of depth of the part groove of circumference, area is larger, extruding force is less, be conducive to the homogenization giving full play to by-passing parts, make the material bar linear velocity extruded more consistent, granule evenly.
For taking into account uniformity and easy to process, the number of sector diffuence groove is generally 4-7.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, for extruding force is delivered to extrusion die 3 uniformly, avoid template 3 local pressure excessive and damage, the center of the exit side of described by-passing parts 5 should be provided with central boss 55, the surrounding of exit side is provided with back-up block 56, and central boss 55 contacts with surrounding with the center of extrusion die 3 respectively with back-up block 56, blow tank 53 is between central boss 55 and back-up block 56, like this, the pressure ratio suffered by template is comparatively even, also makes material more uniformly to extrude.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6, for convenience of the location of by-passing parts 5, the poly-charging tray bayonet socket 54 with centre bore 40 adaptation can be provided with in the supplied materials side of described by-passing parts 5.
As shown in figure 11, in the present invention, the screw rod that double-screw type extrudes pay-off is provided with cooling structure, described cooling structure is included in the blind hole concentric with screw axis that screw rod is offered and is provided with the inner cool tube 71 cooling entrance 74, inner cool tube 71 to stretch in described blind hole through the cooling cover 72 closing this blind hole and its built-in length is less than blind hole depth, cooling cover 72 has the cooling cover inner chamber 720 being provided with coolant outlet 75, and inner cool tube 71 is communicated with cooling cover inner chamber 720 with the cooling duct 700 formed between blind pore wall.This structure can pass into cooling medium and cool screw rod 7 in running, cooling medium enters by cooling entrance 74, flowed out by coolant outlet 75 after flowing through inner cool tube 71 and cooling duct 700, cooling cover inner chamber 720, temperature arrising caused by friction when equipment can be avoided to run and the material viscosity that causes increases, the easily problem such as bonding, guarantee normal discharging, for mechanical pelletizing provides precondition, also make equipment can be applicable to the large material extrusion granulator of viscosity.
For same object, as shown in Figure 1, on such scheme basis, the additional water collar 10 of barrel etc. of pay-off can be extruded at double-screw type, barrel also lowered the temperature, reaches better effect.
As shown in figure 11, described inner cool tube 71 is fixed on cooling cover 72 by nut 73, described cooling cover 72 is fixedly connected with head 1, nut 73 and cooling cover 72 can simultaneously as the axial limit structures of screw rod 7, be limited to extruding force excessive time screw rod 7 axial displacement, avoid two screw rods 7 mutually to hang, improve equipment reliability of operation, also make equipment can be applicable to the large material extrusion granulator of viscosity.
For same object, on such scheme basis, also can increase front end fixed disk 76 at the bearing side of screw rod 7, front end fixed disk 76 is fixedly connected with barrel, guarantees that screw rod 7 is not hung mutually.
As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, for improving granular mass, described extrusion die 3 does not adopt common cylindrical hole, but at the supplied materials sidetracking macropore 31 of described extrusion die 3, the discharging sidetracking aperture 32 of extrusion die, macropore 31 correspondence is communicated with one or two aperture 32 and forms discharge opening 30, and such material, by being further compressed during extrusion die 3, obtains granule more closely.Consider discharging uniformity, the aperture 32 of the exit side of extrusion die generally should be uniform, can be communicated with two apertures 32 in the periphery of extrusion die 3 so that a macropore 31 is more corresponding, extrusion die 3 is communicated with an aperture 32 by paracentral position so that a macropore 31 is more corresponding.
Usually, for ensureing that template can bear larger extruding force, ensure that equipment also can normally run when the material that extruding viscosity is very large, give full play to the squeezing action in discharging hole 30 simultaneously, described extrusion die 3 should have suitable thickness, and its thickness should reach more than 30mm usually, considers the processing in hole, thickness also should not be too thick, and its thickness is generally not more than 40mm.
As shown in Fig. 1, Figure 12 and Figure 13, owing to have employed extruding granulation mode, tightr from extrusion die material strip quality out, the peeling knife 6 that the exit side of available extrusion die 3 is arranged cuts granulating, injure extrusion die 3 when running for avoiding peeling knife 6 and produce metal fillings, the elastic 60 of the part of its cutter hub near sword limit 61 for being convexly curved, then, when feed adjusts, make two ends, sword limit 61 can fit well with extrusion die 3 and cut.
For increasing extrusion pressure, the centre bore 40 of described poly-charging tray 4 is the combination bore of taper hole and circular hole, namely also extrudes material at poly-charging tray 4 place, makes equipment can be applicable to the larger material extrusion granulator of viscosity.
Adopt this compressing grains machine can mandatory extruded material, cutting, can not containing extractum is too many, the equipment that affect runs, cannot granulate due to material.Meanwhile, compressing grains facility of the present invention have powerful extruding force (45000N ~ 150000N), also can the material that viscosity is very little or larger is mandatory extrude, molding, granulation.
Be below adopt the inventive method to prepare the spherical of gained or spherical particle decoction pieces, its specification and outward appearance are in table 2.
Table 2
Granule pieces of the present invention passes through the powerful extruding force of the compressing grains machine after improving by tough medical material pelletizing forming; obtain regular shape visuality good; specific surface area is little; the not easily moisture absorption, the granular pattern decoction pieces of good fluidity, the specific surface area of granule pieces of the present invention than existing methods and the specific surface area of granule prepared of equipment little; for existing method gained specific grain surface long-pending 1/3; even less, the moisture absorption, the situation of damaging by worms of going mouldy also rarely has generation.Granule pieces of the present invention meets and coordinates Traditional Chinese medical theory combination drug, and decocts the clinical needs being more conducive to play drug effect altogether, for this area medication provides a kind of more convenient, and more effective clinical application.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of the spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of spherical or class, is characterized in that: completed by following step:
A, traditional Chinese medicine powder was broken to 60-80 mesh sieve;
B, prepare soft material;
C, employing compressing grains mechanism grain, its squeeze pressure is 45000N ~ 150000N;
D, dried particles;
Described Chinese crude drug is Colla Corii Asini, Colla carapax Trionycis, Colla Plastri Testudinis, Sanguis Draxonis, Sanguis Draxonis, propolis, Colla cornus cervi;
Compressing grains machine described in step C, the double-screw type comprised in head (1) is extruded pay-off and is extruded with this discharge barrel (2) that pay-off coordinates, the exit of discharge barrel (2) arranges the extrusion die (3) having discharge opening (30), in discharge barrel (2), by-passing parts (5) is provided with between twin-screw extrusion pay-off and extrusion die (3), it is characterized in that: be provided with between twin-screw extrusion pay-off and by-passing parts (5) and the poly-charging tray (4) with centre bore (40) of by-passing parts (5) mutually by touching, the supplied materials side of by-passing parts (5) is evenly equipped with splitter box (51), splitter box (51) converges at the blow tank (53) of by-passing parts exit side, blow tank (53) is corresponding with the discharge opening (30) of extrusion die (3),
The center of the exit side of described by-passing parts (5) is provided with central boss (55), the surrounding of exit side is provided with back-up block (56), central boss (55) contacts with surrounding with the center of extrusion die (3) respectively with back-up block (56), and blow tank (53) is positioned between central boss (55) and back-up block (56).
2. the preparation method of the spherical or spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of class according to claim 1, is characterized in that: squeeze pressure described in step C is 70000N ~ 120000N.
3. the preparation method of the spherical or spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of class according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described splitter box (51) is sector diffuence groove, is shunting ridge (52) between adjacent two sector diffuence grooves.
4. the preparation method of the spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of the spherical or class according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: be provided with the poly-charging tray bayonet socket (54) adaptive with centre bore (40) in the supplied materials side of described by-passing parts (5).
5. the preparation method of the spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of the spherical or class according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the screw rod that described double-screw type extrudes pay-off is provided with cooling structure, described cooling structure is included in the blind hole concentric with screw axis that screw rod is offered and is provided with the inner cool tube (71) cooling entrance (74), inner cool tube (71) to stretch in described blind hole and its built-in length is less than blind hole depth through closing the cooling cover (72) of this blind hole, cooling cover (72) has the cooling cover inner chamber (720) being provided with coolant outlet (75), inner cool tube (71) is communicated with cooling cover inner chamber (720) with the cooling duct formed between blind pore wall (700).
6. the preparation method of the spherical or spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of class according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described inner cool tube (71) is fixed on cooling cover (72) by nut (73), and described cooling cover (72) is fixedly connected with head (1).
7. the preparation method of the spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of the spherical or class according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the supplied materials side of described extrusion die (3) is macropore (31), the exit side of extrusion die is aperture (32), and macropore (31) correspondence is communicated with one or two aperture (32) and forms discharge opening (30).
8. the preparation method of the spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of the spherical or class according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the exit side of described extrusion die (3) is provided with peeling knife (6), its cutter hub is near the elastic (60) of part for being convexly curved of sword limit (61).
9. the preparation method of the spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of the spherical or class according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: the combination bore that the centre bore (40) of described poly-charging tray (4) is taper hole and circular hole.
10. the spherical Chinese medicinal granule decoction pieces of the spherical or class that the method described in any one of claim 1-9 is prepared from.
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| CN103948511A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-30 | 安徽省万生中药饮片有限公司 | Medicated leaven granulator and granulating method thereof |
| CN107638297B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-01-26 | 龙晖药业有限公司 | Traditional chinese medicine mixes pellet forming device |
| CN108097161A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-06-01 | 王翠萍 | The high porosity granulation process and equipment and solid particle preparation of solid particle preparation |
| CN108354837A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-03 | 四川御致药业有限公司 | A kind of donkey-hide gelatin fourth dicing device and technique |
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| CN201094973Y (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2008-08-06 | 天津锐新电子热传技术有限公司 | Large tongue core aluminum alloy hot extrusion shaping mold |
| CN101366464B (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2011-08-03 | 江苏牧羊集团有限公司 | Extrusion pressing puffing apparatus capable of removing fibre in materials |
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