CN102723163A - Pit-shaped permanent magnet and magnetic sensor adopting same - Google Patents
Pit-shaped permanent magnet and magnetic sensor adopting same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102723163A CN102723163A CN2012101804631A CN201210180463A CN102723163A CN 102723163 A CN102723163 A CN 102723163A CN 2012101804631 A CN2012101804631 A CN 2012101804631A CN 201210180463 A CN201210180463 A CN 201210180463A CN 102723163 A CN102723163 A CN 102723163A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pit-shaped permanent magnet and a magnetic sensor adopting the same. The permanent magnet is pit-shaped. A pit edge surface (121) of the permanent magnet is zigzag; a pit bottom surface (122) and a pit side surface (123) are rectangular or square; and the pit side surface (123) is vertical to the pit edge surface (121) and the pit bottom surface (122) respectively. The component of a magnetic filed Happly generated by the permanent magnet in the Z-axis direction can provide a target magnetic field for a magnetosensitive element; and the components of magnetic fields Happly generated by the permanent magnet in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction trend to zero or are within a small numerical interval. When the permanent magnet is used for the magnetic sensor, the magnetosensitive element can be enabled to work in the linear work area under the premise of keeping high sensitivity, so that the performance of the magnetic sensor is optimized. The permanent magnet has a simple structure,and is low in cost and convenient to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Magnetic Sensor technical field, particularly a kind of dimple-shaped permanent magnet and comprise the Magnetic Sensor of this permanent magnet.
Background technology
The application of Magnetic Sensor is very extensive, for example Magnetic Sensor is used for the true and false that cash inspecting machine comes identification note, and for example comes the movement velocity of detection of gear, position or the direction of motion of gear etc. of tooth on the gear with Magnetic Sensor.
In the prior art, be typically provided with permanent magnet 1 and senser 2 in the Magnetic Sensor, as shown in Figure 1, the shape of permanent magnet 1 is generally cuboid or square, and the direction parallel with rib CG, CD and the CB of permanent magnet 1 is marked as X axle, Y axle and Z-direction respectively.Senser 2 has single sensitive axes or two sensitive axes, and is placed on the top of permanent magnet 1., have single sensitive axes with senser 2 here, its sensitive direction 3 is parallel to Y direction, and it is that example describes that the magnetizing direction 4 of permanent magnet 1 is parallel to Z-direction.In practical application, expect the magnetic field H that permanent magnet 1 produces at senser 2 places usually
ApplyDirection be parallel to Z-direction.Permanent magnet 1 also often is called back of the body magnet by those skilled in the art.Magnet-sensitive element 2 is generally Hall element, AMR element, GMR element or TMR element.When using Magnetic Sensor, if the relative position relation of device to be detected and Magnetic Sensor changes, the magnetic field H that then produces at senser 2 place's permanent magnets 1
ApplyTo change, senser 2 is through surveying the magnetic field H of its position
ApplyVariation can detect the physical quantitys such as for example speed, position and/or the direction of motion of device to be detected.
Under the perfect condition, the magnetic field H that the resistance of AMR element produces permanent magnet 1
ApplyResponse curve as shown in Figure 2.In the application, the working point of expecting the AMR element usually is in magnetic field H
ApplyNear=0 the point, the resistance of AMR element is to magnetic field H at this moment
ApplyResponse have extraordinary linearity.The saturation field of AMR element is very low, therefore expects magnetic field H
ApplyAlong AMR element sensitive direction 3 is that the component of Y direction levels off to zero, to avoid resistance because of the AMR element to magnetic field H
ApplyResponse reach capacity and cause this AMR element can't operate as normal.
Under the perfect condition, the magnetic field H that the resistance of GMR element produces permanent magnet 1
ApplyResponse curve as shown in Figure 3.Magnetic field H
Apply=0 to positive saturation field H
SThe corresponding magnetic field H of mid point of linear zone
Apply=H
B, magnetic field H
Apply=0 to negative saturation field-H
SThe corresponding magnetic field of mid point of linear zone be H
Apply=-H
BIn order to make the GMR element be operated in linear zone, expect magnetic field H
ApplyAlong GMR element sensitive direction 3 is that the component of Y direction levels off to H
B, so that the working point of GMR element is biased to the mid point in its linear work district.In addition, the saturation field H of GMR element
SLower, therefore expect magnetic field H
ApplyAlong GMR element sensitive direction 3 is that the component of Y direction is in H
Apply=H
BPoint near a minizone in, to avoid resistance because of the GMR element to magnetic field H
ApplyResponse reach capacity and cause this GMR element to work.
Under the perfect condition, the magnetic field H that the resistance of TMR element produces permanent magnet 1
ApplyResponse curve as shown in Figure 4.Can find out by Fig. 4, because nile coupled field H
OInfluence, the resistance of TMR element is to magnetic field H
ApplyResponse curve about H
Apply=H
OPoint be centrosymmetric.In order to make the TMR element be operated in linear zone, expect magnetic field H
ApplyAlong TMR element sensitive direction 3 is that the component of Y direction levels off to H
O, depart from its linear work district with the working point of avoiding the TMR element.The nile coupled field H of part TMR element
OLess, with respect to its saturation field H
SCan ignore.At this moment, expectation magnetic field H
ApplyAlong TMR element sensitive direction 3 is that the component of Y direction levels off to zero.
In the prior art, the magnetic field H that permanent magnet 1 produces
ApplyExcept the magnetic field of the goal of following the usual practice that provides that AMR element, GMR element or TMR element need like Z-direction, magnetic field H
ApplyIt is very big like X axle and Y direction component to follow the usual practice, and causes the working point of AMR element, GMR element or TMR element to depart from its linear work district, even the resistance that causes AMR element, GMR element or TMR element is to magnetic field H
ApplyResponse reach capacity, thereby influence the performance of Magnetic Sensor, even cause the Magnetic Sensor can't operate as normal.
Therefore, be starved of a kind of novel permanent magnetic body that is applied to Magnetic Sensor.This novel permanent magnetic body can provide the magnetic field of the goal of following the usual practice like Z-direction, simultaneously levels off to zero or be in the very little numerical value interval along the magnetic-field component of X axle and/or Y direction.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of permanent magnet.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of Magnetic Sensor.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of dimple-shaped permanent magnet.
Preferably, the hole of said permanent magnet is back-shaped along face, and the bottom surface, hole is rectangle or square with the side, hole, and side, said hole is vertical with bottom surface, said hole along face with said hole respectively.
Preferably, the hole of said permanent magnet is back-shaped along face, and the bottom surface, hole is rectangle or square and parallel along face with said hole, and at least one side, hole is trapezoidal, and said side, trapezoidal hole and bottom surface, said hole angulation are greater than 90 ° and less than 180 °
Preferably, the hole of said permanent magnet is back-shaped along face, and the bottom surface, hole is rectangle and is parallel along face with said hole, and at least one side, hole is curved.
Preferably, the material of said permanent magnet comprises neodymium iron boron, SmCo or hard ferrite.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of Magnetic Sensor is provided, this Magnetic Sensor is provided with magnetic sensing chip and said permanent magnet, and said permanent magnet is set to its pit towards said magnetic sensing chip.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) magnetic field H of said permanent magnet generation
ApplyThe magnetic field of the goal that can provide magnet-sensitive element to need along the component of Z-direction, and the magnetic field H that produces of said permanent magnet
ApplyLevel off to zero or be in the very little numerical value interval along the component of X axle and Y direction;
When (2) said permanent magnet being used for Magnetic Sensor, can making magnet-sensitive element keep being operated in its linear work district under the highly sensitive prerequisite, thereby make the performance optimization of Magnetic Sensor;
(3) said magnet structure is simple, and cost is low, and is easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is permanent magnet 1 and the sketch map of senser 2 of the Magnetic Sensor of prior art;
Fig. 2 is that the resistance of AMR element is to magnetic field H
ApplyResponse curve;
Fig. 3 is that the resistance of GMR element under the perfect condition is to magnetic field H
ApplyResponse curve;
Fig. 4 is that the resistance of TMR element under the perfect condition is to magnetic field H
ApplyResponse curve;
The sketch map of the permanent magnet 11 that Fig. 5 provides for the Comparative Examples of prior art;
The magnetic field H that the permanent magnet 11 that Fig. 6 provides for the prior art Comparative Examples produces
ApplyThe contour map of component in plane, said senser 2 place along Z-direction;
The magnetic field H that the permanent magnet 11 that Fig. 7 provides for the prior art Comparative Examples produces
ApplyThe contour map of component in plane, said senser 2 place along X-direction;
The magnetic field H that the permanent magnet 11 that Fig. 8 provides for the prior art Comparative Examples produces
ApplyThe contour map of component in plane, said senser 2 place along Y direction;
Fig. 9 implements the sketch map of 1 permanent magnet 12 that provides for the present invention;
Figure 10 implements the profile along the MN direction of 1 permanent magnet 12 that provides for the present invention;
Figure 11 implements the vertical view of 1 permanent magnet 12 that provides for the present invention;
Figure 12 implements the sketch map of 2 permanent magnets 13 that provide for the present invention;
Figure 13 implements the profile along the MN direction of 2 permanent magnets 13 that provide for the present invention;
Figure 14 implements the vertical view of 2 permanent magnets 13 that provide for the present invention;
Figure 15 implements the contour map of magnetic-field component in plane, said senser 2 place along Z-direction that 2 permanent magnets that provide 13 produce for the present invention;
Figure 16 implements the contour map of magnetic-field component in plane, said senser 2 place along X-direction that 2 permanent magnets that provide 13 produce for the present invention;
Figure 17 implements the contour map of magnetic-field component in plane, said senser 2 place along Y direction that 2 permanent magnets that provide 13 produce for the present invention;
Figure 18 implements the sketch map of 3 permanent magnets 14 that provide for the present invention;
Figure 19 implements the profile along the MN direction of 3 permanent magnets 14 that provide for the present invention;
Figure 20 implements the vertical view of 3 permanent magnets 14 that provide for the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment summary of the invention of the present invention is done further to describe.
The comparative example that at first combines prior art specifies the technical problem that the present invention will solve, and is used for and the various embodiments of the present invention that are about to provide compare so that beneficial effect of the present invention to be described.
The comparative example of prior art:
In comparative example, as shown in Figure 5, be provided with permanent magnet 11 and senser 2 in the Magnetic Sensor.The shape of said permanent magnet 11 for example is a cuboid, and its length along X axle, Y axle and Z-direction for example is respectively 9mm, 8mm and 5mm.Said senser 2 is square, and its length along X axle and Y direction for example all is 3mm.Said senser 2 be located at said permanent magnet 11 directly over, and the central point O1 of the central point O2 of said senser 2 and said permanent magnet 11 is on same straight line.The plane at said senser 2 places and the distance of said permanent magnet 11 upper surfaces for example are 1.2mm.Bearing mark that will be parallel with the rib CG of said permanent magnet 11 is for example X-direction; Bearing mark that will be parallel with the rib CD of said permanent magnet 11 is for example Y direction; Bearing mark that will be parallel with the rib CB of said permanent magnet 11 is for example Z-direction; The central point O2 of said senser 2 is labeled as zero point of X axle, Y axle and Z axle, as shown in Figure 1.In the present embodiment, said senser 2 has for example single sensitive axes, and the sensitive direction 3 of said senser 2 is parallel to for example Y direction.The magnetizing direction 4 of said permanent magnet 11 is parallel to for example Z-direction.The material of said permanent magnet 11 for example is a Nd Fe B alloys, and its remanent magnetism is B
r=1.17-1.22T.
Adopt finite element analysis software, the Distribution of Magnetic Field at said senser 2 places is carried out sunykatuib analysis.Fig. 6 is the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 11 produces
ApplyThe contour map of component in plane, said senser 2 place along Z-direction.Can find out by Fig. 6, in said senser 2 places, magnetic field H
ApplyAlong the component of Z-direction greater than 2000Gs.In most cases, at said senser 2 places, the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 11 produces
ApplyComponent along Z-direction is big more, and the output signal of said senser 2 is big more.Fig. 7 is the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 11 produces
ApplyThe contour map of component in plane, said senser 2 place along X-direction.Can find out by Fig. 7, in said senser 2 places, magnetic field H
ApplyChange along the variation of the component of X-direction, in the interval of X=-1.5mm to X=1.5mm, with the increase of X value, magnetic field H with the position
ApplyChanged to 600Gs along the component of X-direction by-600Gs, i.e. magnetic field H
ApplyAlong the component variation of X-direction up to 1200Gs.This is illustrated in said senser 2 places, the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 11 produces
ApplyComponent along X-direction is very big.Fig. 8 is the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 11 produces
ApplyAlong the component of Y direction contour map on plane, said senser 2 place.Can find out by Fig. 8, in said senser 2 places, magnetic field H
ApplyChange along the variation of the component of Y direction, in the interval of Y=-1.5mm to Y=1.5mm, with the increase of Y value, magnetic field H with the position
ApplyChanged to 800Gs along the component of Y direction by-800Gs, i.e. magnetic field H
ApplyAlong the component variation of Y direction up to 1600Gs.This is illustrated in said senser 2 places, the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 11 produces
ApplyComponent along Y direction is also very big.Guaranteeing that AMR element, GMR element or TMR element have under the highly sensitive prerequisite; The saturation field of AMR element, GMR element or TMR element is usually less than 200Gs; Be the linear work interval less than-100Gs to 100Gs; And the sensitivity of AMR element, GMR element or TMR element is high more, and its saturation field is low more.Therefore, at said senser 2 places, the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 11 produces
ApplyThe said senser 2 that will cause having single sensitive axes along the component of X-direction can't operate as normal, the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 11 produces
ApplyThe said senser 2 that will cause having two sensitive axes along the component of X axle and Y direction can't operate as normal.
With reference to the accompanying drawings each preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.Should be appreciated that the detail among each embodiment is used for schematic illustration technical scheme of the present invention and is not used in the scope of the present invention that limits.
Embodiment 1:
The permanent magnet 12 that present embodiment provides is dimple-shaped, and is as shown in Figure 9.Said permanent magnet 12 for example is respectively 7mm, 7mm and 3mm along the length of X axle, Y axle and Z-direction.Figure 10 is the profile along the MN direction of said permanent magnet 12.Figure 11 is the vertical view of said permanent magnet 12.Like Figure 10 and shown in Figure 11, the hole of said permanent magnet 12 is back-shaped along face 121, and bottom surface, hole 122 all is rectangle with side 123, hole, and side, said hole 123 is vertical with bottom surface 122, said hole along face 121 with said hole respectively.
Embodiment 2:
The permanent magnet 13 that present embodiment provides is dimple-shaped, and is shown in figure 12.Said permanent magnet 13 for example is respectively 9mm, 8mm and 5mm along the length of X axle, Y axle and Z-direction.Figure 13 is the profile along the MN direction of said permanent magnet 13.Figure 14 is the vertical view of said permanent magnet 13.Like Figure 13 and shown in Figure 14, the hole of said permanent magnet 13 is back-shaped along face 131, and bottom surface 132, hole is for example rectangle, and side 133, hole is for example trapezoidal.Said hole is parallel with bottom surface 132, said hole along face 131.Side, said hole 133 and bottom surface, said hole 132 angulations are greater than 90 ° and less than 180 °.The magnetizing direction of said permanent magnet 13 is parallel to for example Z-direction.Similar with the comparative example of prior art, with said senser 2 place said permanent magnet 13 directly over, and the plane at said senser 2 place and said hole are for example 1.2mm (not shown) along the distance of face 131.Said senser 2 is for example square, and its length along X axle or Y direction for example is 3mm, and its sensitive direction 3 is followed the usual practice like Y direction.
Figure 15 is the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 13 produces
ApplyThe contour map of component in plane, said senser 2 place along Z-direction.Can find out by Figure 15, at said senser 2 places, the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 14 produces
ApplyAlong the component of Z-direction greater than 1800Gs.Figure 16 is the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 13 produces
ApplyThe contour map of component in plane, said senser 2 place along X-direction.Can find out by Figure 16, in said senser 2 places, magnetic field H
ApplyChange along the variation of the component of X-direction, in the interval of X=-1.5mm to X=1.5mm, with the increase of X value, magnetic field H with the position
ApplyChanged to 30Gs along the component of X-direction by-30Gs, i.e. magnetic field H
ApplyComponent variation along X-direction is merely 60Gs.Figure 17 is the magnetic field H that said permanent magnet 13 produces
ApplyThe contour map of component in plane, said senser 2 place along Y direction.Can find out magnetic field H by Figure 17
ApplyChange along the variation of the component of Y direction, in the interval of Y=-1.5mm to Y=1.5mm, with the increase of Y value, magnetic field H with the position
ApplyChanged to 30Gs along the component of Y direction by-30Gs, i.e. magnetic field H
ApplyComponent variation along Y direction is merely 60Gs.This shows, compare, the magnetic field H that the said permanent magnet 13 that present embodiment provides produces with the comparative example of prior art
ApplyComponent along X axle and Y direction all obviously reduces, and magnetic field H
ApplyComponent along X axle and Y direction all is in-minizone of 30Gs to 30Gs in.
Embodiment 3:
The permanent magnet 14 that present embodiment provides is dimple-shaped, and is shown in figure 18.Said permanent magnet 14 for example is respectively 9mm, 6mm and 4mm along the length of X axle, Y axle and Z-direction.Figure 19 is the profile along the MN direction of said permanent magnet 14.Figure 20 is the vertical view of said permanent magnet 14.Like Figure 19 and shown in Figure 20, the hole of said permanent magnet 14 is back-shaped along face 141, and bottom surface 142, hole all is for example rectangle.Said hole is parallel with bottom surface 142, said hole along face 141.The side, hole 143 of said permanent magnet 14 is curved.
When will be according to the preferred embodiment of the invention when the dimple-shaped permanent magnet is used to comprise the Magnetic Sensor of magnetic sensing chip, the dimple-shaped permanent magnet be set to its pit towards said magnetic sensing chip.
The magnetic field H that the dimple-shaped permanent magnet produces
ApplyThe magnetic field of the goal that can provide magnet-sensitive element to need along the component of Z-direction, and the magnetic field H that produces of said permanent magnet
ApplyLevel off to zero or be in the very little numerical value interval along the component of X axle and Y direction.When said permanent magnet is used for Magnetic Sensor, can makes magnet-sensitive element keep being operated in its linear work district under the highly sensitive prerequisite, thereby make the performance optimization of Magnetic Sensor.Said magnet structure is simple, and cost is low, and is easy to use.
Should be appreciated that the above detailed description of technical scheme of the present invention being carried out by preferred embodiment is schematic and nonrestrictive.Those of ordinary skill in the art is reading on the basis of specification of the present invention and can make amendment to the technical scheme that each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these are revised or replacement, do not make the spirit and the scope of the essence disengaging various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme of relevant art scheme.
Claims (6)
1. a permanent magnet is characterized in that, this permanent magnet is dimple-shaped.
2. permanent magnet according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The hole of said permanent magnet is back-shaped along face (121), and bottom surface (122), hole and side, hole (123) are rectangle or square, and side, said hole (123) is vertical with bottom surface, said hole (122) along face (121) with said hole respectively.
3. permanent magnet according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The hole of said permanent magnet is back-shaped along face (131); Bottom surface, hole (132) is rectangle or square and parallel along face with said hole, and at least one side, hole (133) is trapezoidal, and side, said trapezoidal hole (133) and bottom surface, said hole (132) angulation are greater than 90 ° and less than 180 °.
4. permanent magnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the hole of said permanent magnet is back-shaped along face (141), and bottom surface, hole (142) is rectangle and is parallel along face (141) with said hole, and at least one side, hole (143) is curved.
5. permanent magnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that the material of said permanent magnet comprises neodymium iron boron, SmCo or hard ferrite.
6. a Magnetic Sensor is characterized in that, this Magnetic Sensor is provided with any described permanent magnet among magnetic sensing chip and the claim 1-5, and said permanent magnet is set to its pit towards said magnetic sensing chip.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101804631A CN102723163A (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2012-06-04 | Pit-shaped permanent magnet and magnetic sensor adopting same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101804631A CN102723163A (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2012-06-04 | Pit-shaped permanent magnet and magnetic sensor adopting same |
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| CN102723163A true CN102723163A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2012101804631A Pending CN102723163A (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2012-06-04 | Pit-shaped permanent magnet and magnetic sensor adopting same |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014005431A1 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-09 | 北京磊岳同泰电子有限公司 | Chip-type magnetic sensor |
| CN104835614A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-12 | 李丽霞 | Combined type magnet and magnetic sensor with the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2006275765A (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-12 | Yamaha Corp | Magnetic sensor |
| CN102236042A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-11-09 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Magnetic field current sensors |
| CN102435962A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-05-02 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Bias field generation for a magneto sensor |
-
2012
- 2012-06-04 CN CN2012101804631A patent/CN102723163A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006275765A (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-12 | Yamaha Corp | Magnetic sensor |
| CN102236042A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-11-09 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Magnetic field current sensors |
| CN102435962A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-05-02 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Bias field generation for a magneto sensor |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014005431A1 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-09 | 北京磊岳同泰电子有限公司 | Chip-type magnetic sensor |
| CN104835614A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-12 | 李丽霞 | Combined type magnet and magnetic sensor with the same |
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Application publication date: 20121010 |