CN102723021B - Multifunctional movable space geometry analytical model - Google Patents
Multifunctional movable space geometry analytical model Download PDFInfo
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- CN102723021B CN102723021B CN201210236349.6A CN201210236349A CN102723021B CN 102723021 B CN102723021 B CN 102723021B CN 201210236349 A CN201210236349 A CN 201210236349A CN 102723021 B CN102723021 B CN 102723021B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional movable space geometry analytical model, and belongs to the technical field of teaching and learning. The multifunctional movable space geometry analytical model is formed by connecting a plurality of pairs of three-line concurrent rotors (1) and a plurality of scale expansion rods (2), wherein three lines of axes of three connection ends of the plurality of pairs of three-line concurrent rotors (1) are intersected at one point (3); the three connection ends can rotate around the point (3); scales are formed on the surfaces of each layer of pull rod of the scale expansion rods (2); and the scale expansion rods (2) can be connected with the connection ends of the pairs of three-line concurrent rotors (1) and can be connected with a backup sleeve (14). The model is movable, can be used for displaying the distance length and has real geometric vertices, is convenient to store, use and carry, and is conductive to easily and efficiently cultivating the space imagination ability and exploration ability of students.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to religion, learn apparatus technical field, relate to a kind of model space geometric, particularly a kind of multifunction active ejector half space geometry analytic model.
Background technology
Space geometry is the important component part of mathematics, and it is all widely used in a large amount of practical problemss such as civil construction, Machine Design, navigation mapping; Space geometry is also an outstanding difficult point of mathematical education.The Mathematical Curriculum Standard > > of the < < regular senior secondary school lay special stress on that the Ministry of Education formulates, " the preliminary focal points of solid geometry are to help student to form space imagining ability; teacher should provide abundant mock-up ", " helping the architectural feature of students ' understanding space geometric from ".Space geometry body Model has vital role for mathematical education.Space geometry body Model on market mainly contains two kinds now: the model of iron wire welding and the ball-and-stick model of plastics.But the shape of these two kinds of models and size are fixing, all cannot change, model cannot be movable, and purposes is single; The summit of model is difficult to become how much real summits; Model is not with scale, length and variation thereof that can not display space distance; And shape fixes, volume is large, deposits, uses and carry equal inconvenience.These two kinds of models cannot meet the needs of Faculty and Students.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of can be movable, show length, have the multi purpose space geometric model of real how much summits, storage and carrying.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: multifunction active ejector half space geometry analytic model is connected to form by several three lines concurrent revolute pairs and some band scale expansion links; This three lines concurrent revolute pair is with dull and stereotyped sleeve and a main shaft, a countershaft to form by three; This main shaft one end fluting, and there is through hole groove both sides, countershaft are installed, the intersect vertical axis of these two axles; Be with dull and stereotyped sleeve to be arranged on these two axles, be three links of three line concurrent revolute pairs for described three; This is with dull and stereotyped sleeve is on sleeve, to be inconjunction with through hole flat board, and its dull and stereotyped plane and the separately axis of sleeve keep suitable distance, and three sleeve axis three lines with dull and stereotyped sleeve are intersected at a point; This each layer of pull bar surface that can stretch and shrink with scale expansion link is equipped with scale; These two ends with scale expansion link can be connected with three line concurrent revolute pair links; Be provided with standby sleeve, can be connected with band scale expansion link two ends, band scale expansion link and band scale expansion link can be coupled together.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention can also be: multifunction active ejector half space geometry analytic model is connected to form by several three lines concurrent revolute pairs and some band scale expansion links.This three lines concurrent revolute pair is with dull and stereotyped sleeve, one by two, and even ball cover cylinder and a spherical pair, an axle form; Spherical pair is fixed on one end of axle, and its centre of sphere is on the axis of axle; Two is three links of three line concurrent revolute pairs with dull and stereotyped sleeve and company's ball cover cylinder; The in succession ball of spherical pair of this one end that connects ball cover cylinder, be with dull and stereotyped sleeve to be arranged on axle for described two, be on sleeve, to be inconjunction with through hole flat board, its dull and stereotyped face and the separately axis of sleeve keep suitable distance, make to intersect at a point with dull and stereotyped sleeve and sleeve axis three lines that connect ball cover cylinder.This each layer of pull bar surface that can stretch and shrink with scale expansion link is equipped with scale; These two ends with scale expansion link can be connected with three line concurrent revolute pair links; Be provided with standby sleeve, can be connected with band scale expansion link two ends, band scale expansion link and band scale expansion link can be coupled together.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the termination of three links of this three lines concurrent revolute pair, consistent to the distance of three link axes intersect points, be made as regular length; This starts to mark number with the scale of every layer of pull bar of scale expansion link from the outstanding one end of internal layer pull bar; When this band scale expansion link shrinks, the length of its internal layer pull bar exposed portions serve keeps fixing together with the length of its link, not at scale counting region; The length of standby sleeve is made as fixing.The numerical value that makes like this to read length accurately, efficient, easily.
As a further improvement on the present invention, this is inlaid with band baffle plate screw rod with the outstanding one end of scale expansion link innermost layer pull bar, and this other end with scale expansion link is inlaid with screw rod; This baffle plate diameter with baffle plate screw rod is greater than the sleeve diameter of three line concurrent revolute pair links, and the sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair links is provided with internal thread, matches with screw rod or band baffle plate screw flight; Standby sleeve has internal thread, matches with screw rod or band baffle plate screw flight.
As a further improvement on the present invention, this is inlaid with band baffle plate round bar with the outstanding one end of scale expansion link innermost layer pull bar, and this other end with scale expansion link is inlaid with round bar; This baffle plate diameter with baffle plate round bar is greater than the sleeve diameter of three line concurrent revolute pair links, and the sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair links, without internal thread, matches with round bar or band baffle plate round bar; Sleeve one side of three line concurrent revolute pair links is provided with tapped through hole, thus the round bar at available screw fixed band scale expansion link two ends or band baffle plate round bar; Standby sleeve, without internal thread, matches with round bar or band baffle plate round bar, and standby sleeve one side is provided with tapped through hole.
Adopt after geometric model structure of the present invention, the parts of model are few, only have two kinds, but the regroup of model and activity are very strong, change three line concurrent revolute pairs and with the assembling number of scale expansion link, or change band scale length of telescopic bar or angle, just can utilize limited parts to obtain various shape and big or small solid; This model group is dressed up after shape, can also, by the telescopic movable with scale expansion link, intuitively vivo demonstrate the dynamic changing process of solid; This model can be demonstrated plane geometric figure, polar coordinate system or rectangular coordinate system.The axis of three line concurrent revolute pair links has been realized three lines and has been intersected at a common point, has guaranteed that model has the real summit on geometric meaning.On band scale expansion link, there is scale, can directly read length, realize the combination of quantity and model, number and shape, user not only can qualitative observation geometric model, can also quantitative observation geometric model, directly length and the variation thereof of tolerance or clarifying space distance.Easily, after model need not be dismantled, institute takes up space very little, is convenient to deposit and carry for the assembling of this model, dismounting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the tetrahedron model assembled of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of three line concurrent revolute pairs;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of three line concurrent revolute pair main shafts;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the three line concurrent revolute pairs that contain spherical pair;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of standby sleeve;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the dull and stereotyped sleeve of the female band of sleeve;
Fig. 7 is that sleeve is without the structural representation of the dull and stereotyped sleeve of band of internal thread;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation with scale expansion link;
Fig. 9 is with scale expansion link and the structural representation being connected with scale expansion link.
Embodiment
Geometric model of the present invention is connected to form by several three lines concurrent revolute pairs 1 and some band scale expansion links 2.Only take tetrahedron model as example, and as shown in Figure 1, tetrahedron is assembled by 4 three line concurrent revolute pairs 1 and 6 band scale expansion links 2.
As shown in Figures 1 to 9, the axis of 1 three links of this three lines concurrent revolute pair always three lines intersects at a point 3 to the structure of geometric model of the present invention, and described three links all can be put 3 rotations around this, these point 3 summits as geometric model.When the structure employing of this three lines concurrent revolute pair 1 is with dull and stereotyped sleeve 6,7,8 and main shaft 4, countershaft 5 to form, these main shaft 4 one end flutings, and there is through hole groove both sides, countershaft 5 is housed, the intersect vertical axis of this main shaft 4, countershaft 5, the other end of this main shaft 4 has screw thread, the nut of can screwing on.The dull and stereotyped sleeve 6,7,8 of described band is three links of three line concurrent revolute pairs 1, and this is with dull and stereotyped sleeve is on sleeve, to be inconjunction with through hole flat board, by through hole, will is with dull and stereotyped sleeve 6,7 to be arranged on main shaft 4, be with dull and stereotyped sleeve 8 to be arranged on countershaft 5.The dull and stereotyped face of the dull and stereotyped sleeve 6,7,8 of described band and the separately axis of sleeve keep suitable distance, make to be with dull and stereotyped sleeve 6,7,8 to rotate in any case, three axis of its sleeve intersect at a point 3 all the time, this point 3 is exactly the crossing point of axes of main shaft 4, countershaft 5, makes model have how much real summits.This each layer of pull bar surface that can stretch and bounce back with scale expansion link 2, all with scale, can directly show length.These two ends with scale expansion link 2 can be connected with three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links, and band scale expansion link 2(comprises other links) as the rib of geometric model.Be provided with standby sleeve 14, can be connected with band scale expansion link 2 two ends, can fully extend the length with scale expansion link 2.When the link employing with scale expansion link 2 is threaded, this is inlaid with band baffle plate screw rod 12 with scale expansion link 2 outstanding one end of innermost layer pull bar, and the other end is inlaid with screw rod 13.The sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links is provided with internal thread, with screw rod 13 or with the screw thread of baffle plate screw rod 12, matches.This baffle plate diameter with baffle plate screw rod 12 is greater than the sleeve diameter of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links, and barrier strip scale expansion link 2 innermost layer pull bars enter the sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links.Standby sleeve 14 has internal thread, with screw rod 13 or with the screw thread of baffle plate screw rod 12, matches.While using a model, as long as by screw rod 13 or be screwed into the sleeve (both can stretch between each layer of pull bar with scale expansion link 2, and also can suitably rotate) of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links with baffle plate screw rod 12.
As another embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, the demonstration of the length of geometric model rib, also can arrange like this and make reading easy: this starts to mark number with the scale of scale expansion link 2 every layer of pull bar from the outstanding one end of internal layer pull bar; When this band scale expansion link 2 shrinks completely, the length of its internal layer pull bar exposed portions serve keeps fixing together with the length of its link (with baffle plate screw rod or with the baffle length of baffle plate round bar), not at scale counting region; Make the termination of 1 three links of this three lines concurrent revolute pair, consistent to three link axes intersect points, 3 distances, and be made as regular length; The length of standby sleeve 14 is made as fixing.During reading, need only several length cumulative.
As another embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 4, the structure of three line concurrent revolute pairs 1 also can adopt an axle 9, spherical pair 10 and one, and even ball cover cylinder 11, two are with dull and stereotyped sleeve 6,7 to form.Spherical pair 10 is fixed on one end of axle 9, and its centre of sphere is on the axis of axle 9.With dull and stereotyped sleeve 6,7, company's ball cover cylinder 11, are three links of three line concurrent revolute pairs 1.The in succession ball of spherical pair 10 of this one end that connects ball cover cylinder 11, the other end is sleeve, makes this connect ball cover cylinder 11 and rotates in any case, its sleeve axis all passes through the centre of sphere of spherical pair 10.This is with dull and stereotyped sleeve the 6, the 7th, has been inconjunction with through hole flat board on sleeve, by through hole, be arranged on axle 9, this keeps suitable distance with the dull and stereotyped face of dull and stereotyped sleeve 6,7 and the axis of sleeve separately, make to be with dull and stereotyped sleeve 6,7, connect ball cover cylinder 11 rotation in any case, three axis of its sleeve intersect at a point 3 all the time, and this point 3 is exactly the centre of sphere of spherical pair 10.Certainly, the structure of three line concurrent revolute pairs 1 also can adopt band round bar sleeve as its link, this axis that round bar and sleeve can be set equally keeps suitable distance, guarantees that the link of three line concurrent revolute pairs 1 rotates in any case, and three axis of its sleeve intersect at a point 3 all the time.These point 3 summits as geometric model.This each layer of pull bar surface that can stretch and bounce back with scale expansion link 2, all with scale, can directly show length.These two ends with scale expansion link 2 can be connected with three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links, and band scale expansion link 2(comprises other links) as the rib of geometric model.Be provided with standby sleeve 14, can be connected with band scale expansion link 2 two ends.When the link employing with scale expansion link 2 is threaded, this is inlaid with band baffle plate screw rod 12 with scale expansion link 2 outstanding one end of innermost layer pull bar, and the other end is inlaid with screw rod 13.The sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links is provided with internal thread, with screw rod 13 or with the screw thread of baffle plate screw rod 12, matches.This baffle plate diameter with baffle plate screw rod 12 is greater than the sleeve diameter of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links, and barrier strip scale expansion link 2 innermost layer pull bars enter the sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links.Standby sleeve 14 has internal thread, with screw rod 13 or with the screw thread of baffle plate screw rod 12, matches.While using a model, as long as by screw rod 13 or be screwed into the sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links with baffle plate screw rod 12.
As another embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, link with scale expansion link 2 also can adopt round bar structure: this is inlaid with band baffle plate round bar 15 with scale expansion link 2 outstanding one end of innermost layer pull bar, and the other end is inlaid with round bar 16.This baffle plate diameter with baffle plate round bar 15 is greater than the sleeve diameter of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links, makes can not enter with scale expansion link 2 innermost layer pull bars the sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links.The sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links, without internal thread, matches with round bar 16 or band baffle plate round bar 15.Sleeve one side of three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links is provided with tapped through hole 17, can use thus round bar or the band baffle plate round bar at screw lock taut band scale expansion link two ends.Standby sleeve 14, without internal thread, matches with round bar 16 or band baffle plate round bar 15, and standby sleeve 14 1 sides are provided with tapped through hole 17.
While using this model, choose according to actual needs the number with scale expansion link 2 and three line concurrent revolute pairs 1, band scale expansion link 2 links and three line concurrent revolute pair 1 links are coupled together, simultaneously, angle between accommodation zone scale expansion link 2 and the length of stretching thereof, be assembled into geometric model.After model assembling, the length of the angle between accommodation zone scale expansion link 2 and stretching thereof, becomes new model or the dynamic change of demonstration solid again.After finishing using, can easy removal parts, reduced volume, to deposit and carry.
Claims (5)
1. a multifunction active ejector half space geometry analytic model, by several three lines concurrent revolute pairs (1) and some band scale expansion links (2), connected to form, it is characterized in that: this three lines concurrent revolute pair (1) is with dull and stereotyped sleeve (6), (7), (8) and main shaft (4), countershaft (5) to form by three; This main shaft (4) one end fluting, and there is through hole groove both sides, countershaft (5) are housed, the intersect vertical axis of this main shaft (4), countershaft (5); The dull and stereotyped sleeve of described band (6), (7), (8) are arranged on main shaft (4) or countershaft (5) is upper, are the links of three line concurrent revolute pairs (1); Being with dull and stereotyped sleeve (6), (7), (8) is that on sleeve, to be inconjunction with through hole dull and stereotyped, and its dull and stereotyped face keeps suitable distance with the axis of sleeve separately, makes sleeve axis three lines with dull and stereotyped sleeve (6), (7), (8) intersect at a point (3); Each layer of pull bar surface that this band scale expansion link (2) can stretch and bounce back is all with scale; The two ends of this band scale expansion link (2) can be connected with three line concurrent revolute pair (1) links; Be provided with standby sleeve (14), can be connected with band scale expansion link (2) two ends.
2. a multifunction active ejector half space geometry analytic model, by several three lines concurrent revolute pairs (1) and some band scale expansion links (2), connected to form, it is characterized in that: this three lines concurrent revolute pair (1) by an axle (9), a spherical pair (10) and one even ball cover cylinder (11), two be with dull and stereotyped sleeve (6), (7) formation; Spherical pair (10) is fixed on one end of axle (9), and its centre of sphere is on the axis of axle (9); The dull and stereotyped sleeve of described band (6), (7), company's ball cover cylinder (11) are three links of three line concurrent revolute pairs (1); The in succession ball of spherical pair (10) of this one end that connects ball cover cylinder (11), be with dull and stereotyped sleeve (6), (7) to be arranged on axle (9), on sleeve, to be inconjunction with through hole flat board, its dull and stereotyped face keeps suitable distance with the axis of sleeve separately, makes with dull and stereotyped sleeve (6), (7), axis three lines that connect the sleeve of ball cover cylinder (11) intersect at a point (3); Each layer of pull bar surface that this band scale expansion link (2) can stretch and bounce back is all with scale; The two ends of this band scale expansion link (2) can be connected with three line concurrent revolute pair (1) links; Be provided with standby sleeve (14), can be connected with band scale expansion link (2) two ends.
3. multifunction active ejector half space geometry analytic model according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the termination of (1) three link of this three lines concurrent revolute pair, and consistent to axis three line joinings (3) distances of link, be regular length; The graduated scale number of this band scale expansion link (2) every layer of pull bar, from the outstanding one end of internal layer pull bar; When this band scale expansion link (2) shrinks, the length of its internal layer pull bar exposed portions serve keeps fixing together with the length of its link, not at scale counting region; The length of standby sleeve (14) is fixed.
4. multifunction active ejector half space geometry analytic model according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: this outstanding one end of band scale expansion link (2) innermost layer pull bar is inlaid with band baffle plate screw rod (12), and the other end is inlaid with screw rod (13); The baffle plate diameter of this band baffle plate screw rod (12) is greater than the sleeve diameter of three line concurrent revolute pair (1) links, and the sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair (1) links has internal thread, matches with the screw thread of screw rod (13) or band baffle plate screw rod (12); Standby sleeve (14) has internal thread, matches with the screw thread of screw rod (13) or band baffle plate screw rod (12).
5. multifunction active ejector half space geometry analytic model according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: this outstanding one end of band scale expansion link (2) innermost layer pull bar is inlaid with band baffle plate round bar (15), and the other end is inlaid with round bar (16); The baffle plate diameter of this band baffle plate round bar (15) is greater than the sleeve diameter of three line concurrent revolute pair (1) links, the sleeve of three line concurrent revolute pair (1) links is without internal thread, match with round bar (16) or band baffle plate round bar (15), sleeve one side of three line concurrent revolute pair (1) links has tapped through hole (17); Standby sleeve (14), without internal thread, matches with round bar (16) or band baffle plate round bar (15), and standby sleeve (14) one sides have tapped through hole (17).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210236349.6A CN102723021B (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2012-07-10 | Multifunctional movable space geometry analytical model |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210236349.6A CN102723021B (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2012-07-10 | Multifunctional movable space geometry analytical model |
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| CN102723021A CN102723021A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| CN102723021B true CN102723021B (en) | 2014-04-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105083406B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-10-10 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of five cell space mechanisms based on magnetic coupling ball pivot |
| CN105976676A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-09-28 | 马国灿 | Mathematical stereomodel combined training aid for students |
| CN107909870A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-04-13 | 马鞍山鑫霖电子科技有限公司 | A kind of child's tablet learning machine with supporting rack |
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| GB428082A (en) * | 1933-11-08 | 1935-05-07 | Stanley Smith | A model for the demonstration of crystal forms and the like |
| CN87200755U (en) * | 1987-01-22 | 1987-10-21 | 孙志强 | Combined mathematical dynamic demonstrator |
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