CN102722869A - Method for enhancing colloid crystal diffraction image - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for enhancing a colloid crystal diffraction image. The method comprises the following steps of: combining a median filter, a Fourier transformation unit, an inverse Fourier transformation unit, a frequency-domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, a Laplace-Gauss high-frequency emphasis operator, a histogram equalization unit and a histogram matching unit according to different combination sequences, and thus obtaining a Kossel line resolution enhancement effect operator; enhancing an initial image of the colloid crystal diffraction image by using the Kossel line resolution enhancement effect operator, and thus obtaining a Kossel line resolution enhanced colloid crystal diffraction image, wherein in the combination process, each unit is used for one or more times, or part of the units are not used, but at least two units have to participate in the combination process; and acquiring different diffraction enhancement effect operators. By adoption of the method, an effect of enhancing the effective information of the colloid crystal diffraction image is achieved, and great help is offered to research on colloid crystal phase transformation kinetics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an image processing method, in particular to a colloidal crystal diffraction image enhancement method.
Background
In recent years, colloidal crystal phase transition kinetics have become one of the current research hotspots. The colloidal crystal is composed of colloidal particles with the lattice constant of micron or submicron order, the observation space and time of the colloidal crystal are several orders of magnitude larger than those of the atomic crystal, and the detection means is more effective.
In addition, photons have faster movement speed and smaller volume compared with electrons, and an optical device which is made by taking photons as a carrier of information and energy has higher integration level and faster processing speed compared with the traditional electronic device. The material of the colloidal particles can be changed to produce the photonic crystal with special functions. In photonic crystals, a portion of light cannot pass due to the spatially periodic distribution of the dielectric constant, and such a range of energy bands is called a photonic band gap. In 1987, Yablonovitch and John independently proposed the concept of photonic crystals, respectively. In 1991, Yablonovitch produced the first photonic crystal. The development of optical devices is promoted by the appearance of photonic crystals, and the photonic crystals relate to microwave communication, filtering technology, stealth technology and other aspects.
The Kossel (cusel) diffraction method is an important method for studying the phase transition process of colloidal crystals. Clark and Ackerson first applied the Kossel diffraction method to colloidal crystal studies. And irradiating the sample surface along the normal direction by using laser with the wavelength equivalent to the size of the colloidal crystal particles, and obtaining Kossel stripes when the Bragg diffraction condition is met. Due to the strong brightness of the laser, the brightness of the central area of the image is too high. In addition, laser irradiation to ground glass causes scattering, which generates a certain background noise. In contrast, the dark Kossel lines, which are useful information, appear less sharp and have poor image contrast. How to obtain the image enhancement method of the clear Kossel stripes becomes an important research content.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: the method for enhancing the colloidal crystal diffraction image is used for processing the colloidal crystal diffraction image, and the colloidal crystal diffraction image with enhanced Kossel line definition can be obtained.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for enhancing a colloidal crystal diffraction image is characterized by comprising the following steps: combining a median filter, a Fourier transform, an inverse Fourier transform, a frequency domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, a Laplacian-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator, a histogram equalization and a histogram matching unit according to different combination sequences to obtain a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator, and enhancing an original image of a colloidal crystal diffraction image by using the operator to obtain a colloidal crystal diffraction image with the Kossel line definition enhanced; in the combination, each unit is used once or used more than once or part of the units are not used, but at least two units are ensured in the combination process, and different diffraction enhancement effect operators are obtained finally.
According to the technical scheme, when the frequency domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filtering unit is adopted, two adjusting parameters are set, namely the cut-off frequency of the Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filterD 0 And the proportion of the original image in the Butterworth high-frequency emphasisa，The adjusting ranges of the two parameters are respectively：0< D 0 <100. And 0<a<1；When a unit of Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator is adopted, an adjusting parameter is set for the unit: proportion of original image in Laplace-Gaussian operatorb，The adjustment range of the parameters is as follows:0<b<1。
according to the technical scheme, a median filter, a Fourier transform, a frequency domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, an inverse Fourier transform, a Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator, histogram equalization and a median filter are sequentially combined to form a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator, and an original image is processed to obtain a result image enhanced by the effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystal.
According to the technical scheme, the parameters are as follows:D 0 =40、a =0.3、b =0.2。
according to the technical scheme, a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator is formed by sequentially combining a median filter, a frequency domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, a Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator, a histogram equalization and the median filter in sequence, and an original image is processed to obtain a result image enhanced by the effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystal.
According to the technical scheme, the parameters are as follows: D 0 =30、a =0.4、b =0.3。
according to the technical scheme, a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator is formed by sequentially combining Fourier transform, a frequency domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, inverse Fourier transform, a Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator and histogram equalization in sequence, and an original image is processed to obtain a result image enhanced by the effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystal.
According to the technical scheme, the parameters are as follows:D 0 =20、a =0.2、b =0.2。
according to the technical scheme, a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator is formed by sequentially combining a histogram equalization operator, a median filter, a Laplacian-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator, the histogram equalization operator and the median filter in sequence, and an original image is processed to obtain a result image enhanced by the effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystal.
According to the technical scheme, the related parameters are as follows:b =0.5。
in the Kossel line enhancement method described above, the basic principle and the concrete expression of each unit are:
1. median filter (Median filter):
the median filtering is a nonlinear signal processing technology which is based on the ordering statistical theory and can effectively inhibit noise, and the basic principle of the median filtering is to replace the value of one point in a digital image or a digital sequence by the median of all point values in a neighborhood of the point, so that the surrounding gray value is close to the true value, and isolated noise points are eliminated. The method is to use a two-dimensional sliding template with a certain structure to sort the pixels in the template according to the gray value, and generate a monotonously rising (or falling) two-dimensional data sequence. The two-dimensional median filter output is
Whereinf(x,y)，g(x,y)respectively, an original image and a processed image. W is a two-dimensional template, typically 2 × 2, 3 × 3 regions, and may also be of different shapes, such as lines, circles, crosses, circles, and the like.
2. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and inverse transform:
continuous function of univariatef(x)Fourier transform ofF(u)Defined as the equation:
wherein
。
On the contrary, givenF(u)The following can be obtained by inverse fourier transform:
these two equations form a fourier transform pair, i.e. a function can be retrieved from its inverse transform. Extending these equations to two variablesuAndv：similarly, the inverse transform is:
the fourier transform (DFT) of the univariate discrete function f (x) (where x =0,1,2, …, M-1) is given by the following equation:
u=0,1,2,…,M-1
also, given F (u), the primitive function can be obtained with an inverse DFT:
x=0,1,2,…,M-1
one image size isM×NFunction of (2)f(x,y)Discrete fourier transform of (d):
also, giveGo outF(u,v)Can be obtained by inverse Fourier transformf(x,y)：
3. Butterworth high frequency emphasis filtering:
norder and cutoff frequency at a distance from originD 0 The transfer function of the butterworth-type high-pass filter of (1) is:
wherein,
the butterworth high pass filter is smoother than an ideal high pass filter. High frequency emphasis filtering means simply multiplying the high pass filter function by a constant and adding an offset so that the zero frequency is not removed by the filter. The transfer function is as follows:
here, ,a≥0and isb≥a。aIs typically between 0.25 and 0.5,bis typically between 1.5 and 2.0.
4. Laplacian-gaussian operator:
the laplacian-gaussian edge detection operator is a method of smoothing first and then taking a derivative. For two-dimensional image signals, smoothing is performed by using the following Gaussian function
Wherein,f(x,y)is the image before smoothing. The edge points of the image are places where the gray level changes drastically in the image. Abrupt changes in image gray level will produce 1 peak in the first derivative or 1 zero crossing in the second derivative, while the second derivative along the gradient direction is non-linear and is replaced by the laplacian operator, i.e. with
As an edge point. Wherein,
namely the LOG operator.
5. Histogram equalization:
grey scale in an imager k The probability of occurrence is approximated as:
wherein,nis the sum of the pixels in the image,n k is a gray scale ofr k The number of the pixels of (a) is,Lis the total number of possible gray levels in the image. The gray level in the input image isr k Each pixel of (a) is mapped to a gray level in the output image ofs k The corresponding pixels of (a) are:
the invention applies the combination of the image processing methods to combine median filtering, Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filtering, Laplacian-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator and histogram equalization processing according to the sequential combination method of different orders. The combination number among the units is very large, the combination modes are different, the obtained operators have different effects on the processed image, in addition, in the image processing process, three adjusting parameters are set, namely the cut-off frequency of a Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, the proportion of the original image in Butterworth high-frequency emphasis and the proportion of the original image in a Laplace-Gaussian operator, Kossel line information in the original image can be enhanced, and powerful support is provided for the colloidal crystal phase change mechanics research based on a laser diffraction method. With the continuous and deep research of colloidal crystals and photonic crystals, new colloidal crystal diffraction devices are continuously appeared, and the application of the colloidal crystal diffraction image enhancement method in the field of colloidal crystals is continuously widened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first effect comparison graph (the left half is an unprocessed original image, and the right half is a processed result image);
FIG. 2 is a second comparison graph (left half is the unprocessed original image and right half is the processed result image);
FIG. 3 is a third comparison graph (left half is the unprocessed original image and right half is the processed result image);
fig. 4 is a fourth effect comparison graph (the left half is an unprocessed original image, and the right half is a processed result image).
Detailed Description
The method for enhancing the colloidal crystal diffraction image comprises the following steps of carrying out different combinations on a median filtering unit, a Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filtering unit, a Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator and a histogram equalization processing unit: each unit is used once or more than once or part of the units are not used in the specific combination process, but not less than two units are needed in the combination process, different diffraction enhancement effect operators can be obtained, the effect of enhancing the effective information of the diffraction image of the colloidal crystal is realized (see figures 1-4), and the study on phase change mechanics of the colloidal crystal is facilitated.
In the image processing process, adjusting parameters can be set for the adopted partial units, and when the parameters are set, the parameters and the parameter adjusting ranges are respectively as follows: butterworth high frequency emphasis filter cut-off frequencyD 0 (0< D 0 <100)Ratio of original image in Butterworth high-frequency intensity modulationa（0<a<1）And the proportion of the original image in the Laplace-Gaussian operatorb(0<b<1)。
Example 1: referring to the first effect comparison diagram of fig. 1, the original image is input and then sequentially passes through a median filter, a fourier transform, and a butterworth high frequency emphasis filter (c: (D 0 =40, a=0.3), inverse fourier transform, laplace-gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator ((s)b=0.2), histogram equalization and median filter processing, and a resulting image with enhanced effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystals is obtained.
Example 2: referring to the second effect comparison diagram of fig. 2, the original image is input and then sequentially passes through a median filter and a butterworth high frequency emphasis filter (c)D 0 =30, a=0.4), laplace-gaussian high frequency emphasis operator (c: (c)b=0.3), histogram equalization and median filter processing, and a resulting image with enhanced effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystals is obtained.
Example 3: referring to the third effect comparison diagram of fig. 3, the original image is input and then sequentially processed by fourier transform and butterworth high frequency emphasis filter (c)D 0 =20, a=0.2), inverse fourier transform, laplace-gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator (c: (f)b=0.2) and histogram equalization processing, to obtain a resultant image with enhanced effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystals.
Example 4: referring to the fourth effect comparison diagram of fig. 4, the original image is input and then sequentially subjected to histogram equalization, median filter, and laplacian-gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator ((b=0.5), histogram equalization and median filter processing, and a resulting image with enhanced effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystals is obtained.
Claims (10)
1. A method for enhancing a colloidal crystal diffraction image is characterized by comprising the following steps: combining a median filter, a Fourier transform, an inverse Fourier transform, a frequency domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, a Laplacian-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator, a histogram equalization and a histogram matching unit according to different combination sequences to obtain a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator, and enhancing an original image of a colloidal crystal diffraction image by using the operator to obtain a colloidal crystal diffraction image with the Kossel line definition enhanced; in the combination, each unit is used once or used more than once or part of the units are not used, but at least two units are ensured in the combination process, and different diffraction enhancement effect operators are obtained finally.
2. The method for enhancing a diffraction image of a colloidal crystal according to claim 1, wherein: when a frequency-domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter unit is used, two adjustment parameters are set, namely the cut-off frequency of the Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filterD 0 And the proportion of the original image in the Butterworth high-frequency emphasisa，The adjusting ranges of the two parameters are respectively：0< D 0 <100. And 0<a<1；When a unit of Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator is adopted, an adjusting parameter is set for the unit: proportion of original image in Laplace-Gaussian operatorb，The adjustment range of the parameters is as follows:0<b<1。
3. the method for enhancing a diffraction image of a colloidal crystal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the method comprises the steps of sequentially combining a median filter, a Fourier transform, a frequency domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, an inverse Fourier transform, a Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator, a histogram equalization and a median filter to form a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator, and processing an original image to obtain a result image enhanced by the effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystal.
4. The method for enhancing a diffraction image of a colloidal crystal according to claim 3, wherein: wherein the parameters are as follows:D 0 =40、a =0.3、b =0.2。
5. the method for enhancing a diffraction image of a colloidal crystal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and sequentially combining a median filter, a frequency domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, a Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator, histogram equalization and the median filter to form a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator, and processing the original image to obtain a result image enhanced by the effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystal.
6. The method for enhancing diffraction images of colloidal crystals as defined in claim 5, wherein: wherein the parameters are as follows: D 0 =30、a =0.4、b =0.3。
7. the method for enhancing a diffraction image of a colloidal crystal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: fourier transform, a frequency domain Butterworth high-frequency emphasis filter, inverse Fourier transform, a Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator and histogram equalization are sequentially combined to form a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator, and an original image is processed to obtain a result image enhanced by the effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystal.
8. The method for enhancing a diffraction image of a colloidal crystal according to claim 7, wherein: wherein the parameters are as follows:D 0 =20、a =0.2、b =0.2。
9. the method for enhancing a diffraction image of a colloidal crystal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: histogram equalization, a median filter, a Laplace-Gaussian high-frequency emphasis operator, histogram equalization and a median filter are sequentially combined to form a Kossel line definition enhancement effect operator, and an original image is processed to obtain a result image enhanced by the effective diffraction information of the colloidal crystal.
10. The method for enhancing a diffraction image of a colloidal crystal according to claim 9, wherein: the parameters involved are:b =0.5。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103645193A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-19 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Colloidal crystal growth detection control device |
| CN111699380A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2020-09-22 | 法国电力公司 | Method, apparatus and program for processing diffraction image of crystalline material |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008097495A1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-08-14 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Three-dimensional particles and related methods including interference lithography |
| CN101355648A (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2009-01-28 | 天津市亚安科技电子有限公司 | Method for reducing image noise and enhancing image |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008097495A1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-08-14 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Three-dimensional particles and related methods including interference lithography |
| CN101355648A (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2009-01-28 | 天津市亚安科技电子有限公司 | Method for reducing image noise and enhancing image |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| HAO YANG ET AL: "Image Enhancement of Colloidal Crystals Kossel Diffraction", 《2010 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING》, vol. 2, 18 October 2010 (2010-10-18), pages 707 - 711, XP031809584 * |
| 杨皓: "空间胶体晶体生长实验装置关键技术研究", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》, no. 3, 15 March 2012 (2012-03-15), pages 014 - 15 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103645193A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-19 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Colloidal crystal growth detection control device |
| CN111699380A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2020-09-22 | 法国电力公司 | Method, apparatus and program for processing diffraction image of crystalline material |
| CN111699380B (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2023-11-17 | 法国电力公司 | Method, apparatus and program for processing diffraction images of crystalline materials |
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