CN102722755A - Evaluation index system for land degradation in Xinjiang - Google Patents
Evaluation index system for land degradation in Xinjiang Download PDFInfo
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- CN102722755A CN102722755A CN2011101765562A CN201110176556A CN102722755A CN 102722755 A CN102722755 A CN 102722755A CN 2011101765562 A CN2011101765562 A CN 2011101765562A CN 201110176556 A CN201110176556 A CN 201110176556A CN 102722755 A CN102722755 A CN 102722755A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a set of evaluation systems for a land degradation degree. At present, the existing land degradation evaluation method has poor operability and practicality and quantitative and visual land degradation degree data can not be formed. According to the invention, the provided evaluation index system aims at collecting land degradation evaluation indexes by applying a generalized induction method to construct a preset index set of land degradation. Experts engaged in research of land degradation are employed; on the basis of the natural condition, the social situation and the land quality in Xinjiang, the preset index set is screened by employing a Delphi method and the structure of the index system as well as weights of all indexes are determined, so that a land degradation evaluation index system of Xinjiang is constructed. And the land degradation degree of Xinjiang is evaluated based on 11 farmland and non-farmland evaluation indexes including vegetation coverage, a land occupation rate of saline alkaline spots, drainage density, landform, a soil texture, a treatment engineering measure, annual precipitation, a crop yield descent rate, gradient, poverty, a treatment engineering measure, and a cultivation measure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the appraisement system of a cover land deterioration degree.
Background technology
Land deterioration mainly shows as the biology in soil or the decline or the forfeiture of economic productivity and value.Land deterioration has the multiple form of expression, comprises that soil degradation, vegetation degeneration, bio-diversity reduce or forfeiture, and the reduction of soil value or forfeiture etc.
Both at home and abroad on the theory of land deterioration evaluation and method, obtained bigger progress, and concentrated among " world's desertification atlas " and evaluation that is reflected in publication in 1997 other regional land deterioration.Present evaluation theory has 3 kinds, is respectively the evaluation method (RUSSIA) that soil degradation (ASSOD) and Russian Academy Of Sciences propose under soil degradation (GLASOD), South Asia and the Southeast Asia artificial action under the global artificial action.
These three kinds of theories all are that empirical index system main, that rely on routine techniques to support is accomplished with the visual interpretation in practice.The nineties is in land deterioration is estimated; Multiple space-time resolution remote sensing datas such as TM, MSS, SPOT, NOAA begin to merge, and remote sensing image processing software ERMAPPER, ERDAS, ENVI are with some GIS softwares such as ARC/INFO, PCI, the also progressively integrated use of MGE.Correspondingly, also arise at the historic moment based on the evaluation of 3S and the technology path of monitoring.For the evaluation and the monitoring of land deterioration, index system is a key element, does not still have unified and practical standard so far.To this, Chinese scholars has been actively developed relevant land deterioration Study on evaluation.
Xinjiang is located in the NW China border area, and is with a varied topography, and type is various.Domestic icy mountain peak towers, and the desert is immense, and the basin is numerous, and the grassland is vast, and the oasis spreads all over the place.The Xinjiang topography and geomorphology may be summarized to be " three mountains press from both sides two basins ": north is Altai Mountains, and the south is the Kun Lun Mountain, in the middle part of Tianshan Mountains lies across, is divided into north and south two parts to Xinjiang.Kun Lun Mountain, Tianshan Mountains are encircling the Tarim Basin, are inlaying the Junggar Basin between Tianshan Mountains, the Altai Mountains.Xinjiang is maximum, the widest provinces and regions that distribute of China's land deterioration area, land area 1,660,000 hm2, and wherein 62% is desert, ecological extremely fragile with environment, is one of key area of world's control land deterioration.Therefore, adhering to the sustainable development view with science, explore the new way of land deterioration control, is to realize pressing for of harmony between man and nature development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is; According to characteristics such as Xinjiang geography, weather, environment, collect existing observational data, domestic and international about the research of land deterioration and the data of literatures of land deterioration evaluation study, Applying Generalized method of induction and floppy disk system are concluded integrated method; Each index of serious analysis; Take peaceful many principles that does not lack, collect the land deterioration evaluation index as much as possible, make up land deterioration preliminary election index set.Engage Xinjiang to be engaged in the expert of land deterioration research; Natural situation, social condition and land quality with Xinjiang are the basis; Adopt the Delphi method that the preliminary election index system is improved, confirm the weighing factor of structure and each index of index system, make up the land deterioration assessment indicator system (subordinate list 1 in Xinjiang; Table 2, table 3).
Selected basin, the Yilihe River to verify simultaneously, with the operability and the relevance measure of check Xinjiang land deterioration index system.The final Xinjiang land deterioration assessment indicator system that quantizes of setting up.This appraisement system has taken into full account the Xinjiang characteristics, and what choose in the system all is to meet local characteristics, can fully characterize the land deterioration degree and have the index of practical operation meaning.
Applying step of the present invention is following:
A. carry out pre-service to estimating district's image data;
B. according to image data zoning index, form vector data, and be vector key element ascription property;
C. combining index system to compose for the vector data attribute divides;
D. combine index weight calculation vector key element score;
E. according to index system land deterioration degree comprehensive evaluation rank scores table, calculate each vector key element land deterioration degree.
The subordinate list explanation
Table 1 is classification of non-farmland ecosystem index and grade form
This table comprises vegetation cover degree, saline-alkaline spot soil construction rate, gully density, the gradient; Surface configuration, the soil texture is administered engineering measure; 8 non-farmlands of annual precipitation evaluation index is divided some grades to each index in the table, through the absolute score value that gets to each grade score and index weight calculation index grade.
Table 2 is classification of farmland ecosystem index and grade form
This table comprises crop yield rate of descent (%), the gradient, the soil texture; Saline-alkaline spot soil construction rate (%), annual precipitation, poverty status (unit/year); Administer engineering measure; 8 farmland evaluation indexs of tillage control measure are divided some grades to each index in the table, through the absolute score value that gets to each grade score and index weight calculation index grade.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present invention chooses the study area that basin, the Yilihe River is estimated as examination; Basin, the Yilihe River is positioned at the Xinjiang Tianshan north slope western part on innerland, Eurasia; Administrative division comprises Huocheng County, Yining City, Nileke County, Cha Buchaer county, Gongliu County, Xinyuan County, Tekesi County, Zhaosu County etc., basin total population 204 * 10
4The people, land area 5.63 * 104km
2, account for 3.52% of Xinjiang area.From Strategy for economic development angle and ecological environmental protection angle, all be the area of giving priority to future and protecting.Therefore; Be accompanied by exploitation to basin, Yilihe River land resource; The research that the local soil erosion is changed also just seems particularly important; Main both at home and abroad at present employing analogy analysis and assessment indicator system are estimated eco-environmental quality, and this research helps the full basin of macroscopic evaluation soil erosion degree, distribution and type, for reasonably formulating the local soil erosion control measures foundation are provided.
Corrode each index factor in the index system according to full territory earth; Obtain meteorological hydrology socioeconomic statistics data, the manual research data in 2008 in basin, the Yilihe River and investigate measured data and digitizing; Input GIS sets up monitoring section soil erosion basic database.On this basis; According to full boundary soil erosion index grade scale each index of basin, the Yilihe River is carried out classification; Generate each soil erosion index thematic maps of basin, the Yilihe River; Be respectively: gully density classification figure, quantity of precipitation classification figure, gradient classification figure, poverty status classification figure, vegetation coverage classification figure, arable land measure classification figure, soil texture classification figure, improvement engineering measure classification figure, crop yield rate of descent classification figure, saline-alkaline spot soil construction rate classification figure, surface configuration classification figure, so that data query and renewal.
The end result of basin, Yilihe River soil erosion evaluation will show with the form of map intuitively.This is studied selected gully density, quantity of precipitation, the gradient, poverty status, vegetation coverage, arable land measure, the soil texture, improvement engineering measure, crop yield rate of descent, saline-alkaline spot soil construction rate and 11 evaluation index score values of surface configuration and is multiplied by the figure as a result that weight separately superposes and draws, and is basin, Yilihe River soil erosion evaluation unit integrate score figure; The gradient, the soil texture, quantity of precipitation, improvement engineering measure, arable land measure, poverty status, crop yield rate of descent, 8 evaluation index score values of saline-alkaline spot soil construction rate are multiplied by the figure as a result that weight separately superposes and draws, and are basin, Yilihe River agricultural land soil erosion assessment unit comprehensive shot chart; Be multiplied by the figure as a result that weight separately superposes and draws with saline-alkaline spot soil construction rate, gully density, vegetation coverage, the gradient, surface configuration, the soil texture, quantity of precipitation, 8 evaluation index score values of improvement engineering measure, be the non-farmland soil erosion in basin, Yilihe River evaluation unit integrate score figure; Again it is carried out soil erosion degree according to the criteria for classifying and divide, mark soil erosion grade.
According to result of calculation, with study area according to soil erosion degree be divided into following five kinds dissimilar:
(1) the non-soil erosion; Area is 421.33 ten thousand hm
2, account for 74.32% of the total area, mainly be distributed in basin, the Yilihe River whole district, spread all over each counties and cities, and be evenly distributed.These regional vegetation cover degrees are high; The gradient is low; Soil texture major part is loam, sandy loam, and quantity of precipitation is abundanter, and taked wildwood protected project, close hillsides to facilitate afforestation, irrigation and drainage facility etc. administered engineering measure etc.; Being the minimum place of the local area soil erosion, also is the main region that agricultural, forestry and animal husbandry are produced.
(2) the slight soil erosion; Area is 81.19 ten thousand hm
2, account for 14.32% of the total area, mainly be distributed in Yining County, Nileke County, Xibe Autonomous County of Qapqal and Xinyuan County, and be in a discrete distribution.Mainly be the desert grassland district excessive, region of no relief to the mountain area.
(3) the moderate soil erosion; Area is 60.14 ten thousand hm
2, account for 10.61% of the total area, mainly be distributed in Zhaosu County, Tekesi County and Nileke County, and it is more concentrated to distribute, rainfall amount is less, is high mountain stony desert district, is the higher place of the local area soil erosion.
(4) the severe soil erosion; Area is 4.25 ten thousand hm
2, account for 0.75% of the total area, mainly be distributed in the active sand dune of Huocheng County, the sand dune height in these regional surface configurations is higher, and the gradient is bigger, and vegetation coverage is extremely low, is the higher place of the local area soil erosion.
(5) utmost point severe soil erosion; Because basin, Yilihe River natural conditions are superior, three mountains press from both sides two paddy, and more than 120 of the total size of the whole district produced water river (ditch) stream, and wherein the main stream Yilihe River is made up of Tekes river, Ka Shihe, 3 big tributaries, river, Kunes.Natural conditions combination collocations such as water, soil, gas are superior, have the title in " south of the River beyond the Great Wall ", are preferably one of areas of Xinjiang ecologic environment.
Therefore, there is not the soil erosion of utmost point severe as yet in this zone.
Table 1. non-farmland ecosystem index classification and grade form
Index classification of table 2 farmland ecosystem and grade form
Table 3 Xinjiang land deterioration comprehensive evaluation rank scores table
Inventor: king Lei Gaoya fine jade
Claims (4)
1. an Xinjiang land deterioration evaluation method comprises: each index classification score (5) the comprehensive evaluation classification of each index grade scale (4) of each index weights of (1) evaluation indice (2) (3).
2. be to be specific region like claims 1 described evaluation method, engage the land deterioration domain expert who understands the Xinjiang geographic entity with Xinjiang, through Delphi method, the final index system of confirming.
3. it is characterized in that having respectively two cover index sets of pair farmland and non-farmland evaluation to constitute like claims 1 described evaluation method, non-farmland land deterioration evaluation index comprises (1) vegetation cover degree, (2) saline-alkaline spot soil construction rate; (3) gully density; (4) gradient, (5) surface configuration, (6) soil texture; (7) administer engineering measure, 8 evaluation indexes of (8) annual precipitation; Farmland land deterioration evaluation index comprises (1) plant output rate of descent, (2) gradient, and (3) soil texture, (4) saline-alkaline spot soil construction rate, (5) annual precipitation, (6) poverty status, engineering measure, 8 evaluation indexes of (8) tillage control measure are administered in (7).
4. like the score of grade scale and each index different stage of claims 3 said each index.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104123673A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-29 | 新疆林业科学院 | Participatory small scale farmland ecosystem land degradation evaluation index system |
| CN105740600A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-07-06 | 华南农业大学 | L1 regularization based land index screening method |
| CN109063951A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-21 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Cold area's canal for water conveyance freeze injury methods of safety quantitative evaluation |
| CN110132343A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-16 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of measuring method of high and cold upland meadow degree of degeneration |
| CN111080077A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-28 | 河海大学 | Method for evaluating land damage of embankment interference area based on different construction units |
| CN112561398A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-26 | 河北地质大学 | Method and system for quantifying degradation degree of ecological geological environment of transition zone of agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry |
-
2011
- 2011-06-20 CN CN2011101765562A patent/CN102722755A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104123673A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-29 | 新疆林业科学院 | Participatory small scale farmland ecosystem land degradation evaluation index system |
| CN105740600A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-07-06 | 华南农业大学 | L1 regularization based land index screening method |
| CN110132343A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-16 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of measuring method of high and cold upland meadow degree of degeneration |
| CN110132343B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Method for measuring degradation degree of grassland in alpine mountain region |
| CN109063951A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-21 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Cold area's canal for water conveyance freeze injury methods of safety quantitative evaluation |
| CN111080077A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-28 | 河海大学 | Method for evaluating land damage of embankment interference area based on different construction units |
| CN111080077B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2022-08-26 | 河海大学 | Method for evaluating land damage of embankment interference area based on different construction units |
| CN112561398A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-26 | 河北地质大学 | Method and system for quantifying degradation degree of ecological geological environment of transition zone of agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry |
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Application publication date: 20121010 |