CN102721720A - Device and method for testing thermal performance of phase-change energy-storage composite board, and method for evaluating energy saving of same - Google Patents
Device and method for testing thermal performance of phase-change energy-storage composite board, and method for evaluating energy saving of same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing thermal performance of a phase-change energy-storage composite board, and a method for evaluating energy saving of the same. The testing device is a box arranged in a high-low temperature test chamber which simulates climates, wherein a to-be-tested composite board is installed in one side of the box, and a refrigerator, a heating device, a box temperature measuring probe, a specimen temperature measuring probe, and a temperature controlling probe are arranged in the box. The refrigerator and the heating device are both connected with electric energy meters, and the probes are connected with a temperature inspecting instrument. In the invention, the box is regarded as a room and is placed into the high-low temperature test chamber which simulates temperature changes. The testing system keeps real-time records of temperature changes of composite board inner surface and temperature changes inside the box. Energy saving of composite board specimen can be evaluated by utilizing the energy consumption for cooling and heating in the box, based on testing data of the phase-change material, and energy-saving evaluating indexes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the thermal testing field, relate in particular to a kind of phase-change material saving energy test and evaluation, comprise method of testing and device and energy-saving effect evaluation method.
Technical background
Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of rapid development of economy and energy supply and demand contradiction, one of energy-saving and cost-reducing important measures that become the realization 21 century strategy of sustainable development, energy-saving building technology has caused domestic and international great attention as energy-saving and cost-reducing important means.Phase-change energy-storage composite material is a phase-change material and the combining of traditional building material, and has excellent energy-efficient performance and application prospects.Phase-changing energy storage material is a latent heat storage material, and material heat energy can be taken place during to solid state transformation and changes to liquid or liquid by solid-state, when phase-change material reaches phase transition temperature, and can be through absorbing or release heat keeps temperature constant.
Up to now, existing a variety of by the practicability building product that phase-change material is processed, but, also rarely have the relevant criterion of phase-change material performance test to put into effect so far as a kind of new material, the energy-conservation evaluation of particularly phase transformation composite plate is also relatively backward.The phase-change accumulation energy composite plate is used for building energy conservation has much contributions actually, and indoor temperature is regulated, and the human comfort degree is had much influences or the like actually, and these are still fuzzyyer at present, and this obviously is unfavorable for the propaganda and the popularization of produce market.Trace it to its cause, be still not can be used at present the system that phase transformation composite plate energy-saving effect for building is detected and estimates.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problems referred to above; The present invention intends at the saving energy test of setting up a phase-change accumulation energy composite plate and evaluating apparatus; Based on energy-conservation evaluation index,, the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate is compared test in conjunction with high-low temperature test chamber; Make it possess the ability of passing judgment on comprehensive thermal property of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate and degree of power conservation, so that further instruct the preparation of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate, design and installation.
One of the object of the invention provides a kind of proving installation of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property.This device cooperates a high-low temperature test chamber job; Comprise a casing; The one side of said casing leaves in order to the position of composite plate to be measured to be installed; And its lap of composite plate to be measured and casing forms enclosure space, in said casing, is provided with refrigerator, heat-producing machine and casing temperature probe, test specimen temperature probe, temperature control probe; Said refrigerator, heat-producing machine all link to each other with separately electric energy meter through lead; Said casing temperature probe links to each other with temperature polling instrument through lead with the test specimen temperature probe, and said temperature control probe links to each other with temperature controller through lead; Said electric energy meter links to each other with temperature controller through lead.
Each face of all the other of said casing all uses heat-insulating composite plate.
In said casing, also be provided with soaking plate, at a distance from being located between composite plate to be measured and refrigerator, the heat-producing machine.
Said casing temperature probe, test specimen temperature probe, temperature control probe are plugged in the space that is made up of soaking plate and composite plate to be measured; Said test specimen temperature probe is the surface type temperature probe, surveys the inside surface in composite plate to be measured.
Said refrigerator is made up of thermantidote, semiconductor chilling plate, water-cooled head, heating radiator, water pump, bucket; The hot side of semiconductor chilling plate links to each other with the water-cooled head; Huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) connects thermantidote; Thermantidote places box house, and semiconductor chilling plate links to each other with the refrigeration electric energy meter via lead, and a water-cooled water inlet, heating radiator, water pump, bucket, a water-cooled water delivering orifice link to each other through water pipe successively.
Said heating radiator adopts water-cooled row heating radiator, and water pump adopts membrane pump or magnetic drive pump.
Said heat-producing machine is made up of heating sheet and radiator fan, and the heating face of the sheet that generates heat is connected with radiator fan, and radiator fan places box house, said heating sheet via lead with heat electric energy meter and link to each other.
Said heating sheet is PTC ceramic heating plate or silicon rubber heating sheet.
Said device also comprises an external computing machine, and it is connected with the temperature polling instrument data with electric energy meter.
The further purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method of testing of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property.This method is used the proving installation of aforesaid phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property; Specifically be to use the weather in high-low temperature test chamber simulation summer or winter, the casing of said device is placed this high-low temperature test chamber, composite plate to be measured is installed; Design temperature on temperature controller; Start heat-producing machine (simulation winter climate) or refrigerator (simulation summer climate), temperature polling instrument, electric energy meter, by temperature polling instrument record temperature variation time and temperature change value, electric energy meter writes down corresponding power consumption; Continue 12 hours, obtain the thermal property data of this phase-change accumulation energy composite plate.
The further purpose of the present invention provides a kind of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate energy-saving effect evaluation method.Test the thermal property of composite plate to be measured (test specimen) and contrast composite plate (control piece) respectively by aforementioned method of testing, estimate the energy-saving effect of test specimen then by indirect energy saving evaluation index and/or direct energy-conservation evaluation index;
The expression formula of said indirect energy saving index is:
γ=（τ2-τ1）/τ1
Wherein, γ is a relative time hysteresis rate, and τ 1 arrives the time of comfort temperature higher limit for the control piece of temperature polling instrument record is risen by low temperature, and τ 2 is risen time of arrival comfort temperature higher limit by low temperature for the test specimen of temperature polling instrument record; The γ value is big more, and it is big to show that test specimen is kept the multiple of time lengthening of indoor comfort temperature, and energy-saving effect is good more;
The expression formula of said direct energy-conservation evaluation index is:
η=(E
1-E
2)/E
1
Wherein, η is relative energy-saving efficiency, E
1For the control piece of electric energy meter record is kept indoor comfort temperature institute consuming electric power, E within a certain period of time
2For the test specimen of electric energy meter record is kept indoor comfort temperature institute consuming electric power in the same time; The η value is big more, shows that test specimen keeps many more that institute's consuming electric power reduces during the indoor comfort temperature, and energy-saving effect is good more.
The present invention can obtain following technique effect owing to take above technical scheme: 1, the present invention is through the casing Simulation house, through high-low temperature test chamber simulating chamber external environment.Be provided with refrigerating plant, heating combined equipment, attemperating unit and warm checking device in the casing, attemperating unit is provided with the target room temperature; Be preset with temperature changing regularity in the chamber; Composite plate to be measured is installed on casing, and the refrigeration of bringing through the temperature difference inside and outside the casing or heat the electric energy that is consumed is passed judgment on the thermal property of composite plate to be measured.This device real simulation property is strong, and indoor and outdoor temperature is all controlled, adjustable, and test application property is strong.2, Simulation house of the present invention is only installed composite plate to be measured in one side, and other face adopts heat-insulating material, makes that test is with strong points, more can accurately test the hot working effect of composite plate to be measured.3, system is provided with electric energy meter, but real time record electricity consumption situation.4, adopt the characteristic of semiconductor chilling plate, carry out cold and hot exchange, make device become simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the common foaming plaster plate and the phase transformation foaming plaster plate time-temperature curve of temperature polling instrument record in test of the present invention and the evaluation example.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is carried out detailed description.
Design concept of the present invention is: simulate actual house with a casing, the face in house uses composite plate test specimen, other face heat-insulation and heat-preservation.Be provided with in the casing and heat up and heat sink, simulate heating installation and air-conditioning refrigeration plant in the reality respectively.Whole box body is placed in the high-low temperature test chamber temperature Change outside the simulation room.Temperature control and temperature measuring equipment are set in the casing, and casing is provided with temperature measuring equipment outward.Casing is because other several thermal insulation have one side to conduct heat, and the box house temperature will change along with exterior temperature change, and be in human comfort temperature for keeping inner temperature of room this moment, and temperature controller heats startup or freezes.Because the composite board material that uses is different; Heat or the frequent degree of cooling activation just different; Utilize temperature sensor, electric energy meter in the casing; Can real time record be somebody's turn to do " house " interior temperature variations and electricity consumption situation, reach the purpose of estimating phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal technology and energy-efficient performance at last.
Therefore, divide from function, the present invention can comprise seized main body, cooling/heating system, temperature control system and several parts of warm check system basically.Specifically, its structure is as shown in Figure 1, comprises a closed box 1, and a face of casing 1 uses composite plate 2 to be measured, and all the other each faces all use thermal insulation thermal insulation board (among Fig. 1 casing 1 represent part with oblique line).In casing 1 set inside soaking plate 3, refrigerator 4, heat-producing machine 5 are arranged, wherein soaking plate 3 is at a distance from being located between composite plate 2 to be measured and refrigerator 4, the heat-producing machine 5, makes composite plate thermally equivalent to be measured or refrigeration.
In the samming space that constitutes by soaking plate 3 and composite plate 2 to be measured, be inserted with casing temperature probe 6, test specimen temperature probe 7 and temperature control probe 8; Casing temperature probe 6 links to each other through the temperature polling instrument 9 that lead and is placed on casing 1 with test specimen temperature probe 7, and temperature control probe 8 links to each other through the temperature controller 10 that lead and is placed on casing 1.
Refrigerator 4 and heat-producing machine 5 all link to each other with 11 ' with separately electric energy meter 11 respectively through lead, with record power consumption energy.Electric energy meter 11 and 11 ' all is placed on casing 1, links to each other with temperature controller 10 leads simultaneously.
Above-mentioned refrigerator 4 can adopt semiconductor chilling plate 12, water-cooled 13, heating radiator 14, water pump 15, bucket 16, thermantidote 18 to constitute.The hot side of semiconductor chilling plate 12 and water-cooled 13 links to each other, and huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) links to each other with thermantidote 18, and this thermantidote 18 need place casing 1 inside, and semiconductor chilling plate 12 also links to each other with refrigeration electric energy meter 11 via lead; Water-cooled 13 water inlet, heating radiator 14, water pump 15, bucket 16, water-cooled 13 water delivering orifice form a water circulation through water pipe continuous (thick line is represented water pipeline among Fig. 1) successively; Heating radiator 14 adopts water-cooled row heating radiator usually, and water pump 15 adopts membrane pump or magnetic drive pump usually.
Above-mentioned heat-producing machine 5 can adopt heating sheet 17 and radiator fan 18 ' to constitute.Heating sheet 17 be a PTC ceramic heating plate or silicon rubber heating sheet, and its heating surface is with radiator fan 18 ', and this radiator fan 18 ' need place casing 1 inside, generate heat sheet 17 and via lead with heat electric energy meter 11 ' and link to each other.
Above-mentioned test specimen temperature probe 7 is the surface type temperature probe, and probe is arranged on the inside surface in composite plate to be measured.
Casing 1 integral body that will have above-mentioned layout places in the high-low temperature test chamber 19 of a simulating chamber external environment, and the pipeline on the casing 1 links to each other with external instrument through high-low temperature test chamber 19 lateral openings.Can adopt existing high-low temperature test chamber 19.
This proving installation can also be established an external computing machine (not shown), is connected with 11 ' data with electric energy meter 11, is connected with temperature polling instrument 9 data, is used for the prepackage formula data that provide being carried out analyzing and processing and being provided evaluation index and evaluation result.
The method of test compound plate thermal property can may further comprise the steps:
1, composite plate to be measured is placed the one side of casing 1, each circuit, water route connect; On temperature controller 10, set human comfort temperature (as being summer 24-28 ℃, be 16-20 ℃ winter), when guaranteeing that temperature is below or above comfort temperature in the casing, start heat-producing machine 5 or refrigerator 4 to keep temperature in the casing 1; Start-up temperature logging 9, temperature controller 10 and electric energy meter 11 ' or 11, detection system is ready.
2, high-low temperature test chamber 19 is provided with in advance temperature programmed by its explanation, when guaranteeing test run, temperature can change to simulate outdoor environment by setting program in the high-low temperature test chamber.
Above-mentioned steps 1,2 in strict accordance with this order, can not do step 2 earlier, after do step 1.
3, casing 1 is inserted in the high-low temperature test chamber 19, shut high-low temperature test chamber 19 cabinet doors.
4, start high-low temperature test chamber 19, on-test, observe temperature polling instrument 9 and change, send refrigeration or heat instruction by temperature controller 10, electric energy meter 11 or 11 ' record power consumption.
5, according to temperature variations; The indoor temperature change generated in case that is drawn by casing temperature probe 6 reaches composite plate internal surface temperature variation (by temperature polling instrument 9 records) and the power consumption situation that is drawn by test specimen temperature probe 7; Can understand the thermal property of test specimen intuitively; For example by temperature polling instrument acquisition time-temperature curve, by electric energy meter record power consumption.
Can be on the abovementioned steps basis the further energy-saving effect of integrating step 6 and/or 7 evaluating combined plates:
6, utilize relative time hysteresis rate to come the particularly thermal property of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate of evaluating combined plate as the indirect energy saving index.This process needs under similarity condition, common composite plate and phase-change accumulation energy composite plate to be contrasted test.
Its expression formula is following:
γ=（τ2-τ1）/τ1
Wherein, γ is a relative time hysteresis rate; τ 1 is that common composite plate is under the heat transfer of extraneous thermal environment; By the time (by temperature polling instrument 9 records) that low temperature rises and arrives the comfort temperature higher limit, τ 2 is that the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate is under the heat transfer of extraneous thermal environment, by the time (by temperature polling instrument 9 records) of low temperature rising arrival comfort temperature higher limit.This indirect energy saving index expression and significance is: extraneous hot-fluid sees through in composite plate or the phase transformation composite plate inlet chamber and causes under the situation of indoor intensification; The common relatively composite plate of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate stops indoor temperature to raise, until the time relative value that exceeds indoor comfort temperature.This index can be used for estimating the ability that common composite plate or phase transformation composite plate are kept indoor comfort temperature time length.The γ value is big more, and it is big to show that the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate is kept the multiple of time lengthening of indoor comfort temperature, and energy-saving effect is good more.
7, utilize relative energy-saving efficiency to come the particularly thermal property of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate of evaluating combined plate as direct energy-saving index.This process needs under similarity condition, common composite plate and phase-change accumulation energy composite plate to be contrasted test.
Its expression formula is following:
η=(E
1-E
2)/E
1
Wherein, η is relative energy-saving efficiency, E
1For (being generally 12h) within a certain period of time, common composite plate keeps indoor comfort temperature institute's consuming electric power (by the electric energy meter record), E
2For (being generally 12h) within a certain period of time, the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate keeps indoor comfort temperature institute's consuming electric power (by the electric energy meter record).This direct energy-saving index is weighed common composite plate or the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate contribution ability to indoor comfort temperature from the angle of energy.The η value is big more, shows that the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate keeps many more that institute's consuming electric power reduces during the indoor comfort temperature in the identical time, and energy-saving effect is good more.
Test and evaluation example:
In test case, the energy-efficient performance of blank foaming plaster plate and the phase transformation foaming plaster plate that adds 10% phase-change material is compared test with apparatus of the present invention.Because its phase transition temperature of phase-change material of being added is 26 ℃, meets indoor comfort temperature in summer, winter, result of use was not good, therefore with summer simulation test be example.
Experimental procedure is following: test specimen to be measured is fixed on the casing 1, and casing 1 is placed high-low temperature test chamber.It is 22-23 ℃ that casing 1 (indoor) initial temperature is set on temperature controller, and (because casing 1 outer temperature is higher than the temperature inside the box, the temperature inside the box keeps rising, and therefore has only refrigerator to work independently here to open refrigerator.Winter simulation similarly has only heat-producing machine work usually), temperature reached and keep this temperature, with it as indoor initial temperature.This temperature is a middle and lower reach of Yangtze River Area during Summer cold in winter and hot in summer medial temperature in evening, considers and takes venting practice evening in summer, makes indoor temperature near outdoor temperature, so adopt this temperature as initial temperature certain rationality to be arranged.
(outdoor) temperature is set is 34 ℃ on high-low temperature test chamber, this temperature also according to summer typical case's daily temperature calculate, therefore have ubiquity and rationality.Close the cabinet door, after everything is ready, start high-low temperature test chamber, this moment, box outside temperature will rise to 34 ℃ very soon.The start-up temperature logging is gathered in real time temperature in the casing, and is preserved data with PC.Temperature range is 26-28 ℃ in the prefabricated casing on temperature controller; Make that when temperature in the casing surpassed 28 ℃, temperature controller started refrigerator casing is lowered the temperature, until dropping to 26 ℃; When temperature raises once again; Then start refrigerator once more, so repeatedly, make the interior temperature maintenance of casing 26-28 ℃ of this human comfort temperature.Be connected in the electric energy meter 11 between refrigerator 4 and the temperature controller 10, its power consumption is carried out record, whole experiment continues 12h.
After utilizing this method that common foaming plaster plate and phase transformation foaming plaster plate are tested respectively, the time-temperature curve that multipath temperature patrol inspection appearance 9 is gathered is as shown in Figure 2.
Can be found out that by this figure it is 3580s that common foaming plaster plate reaches 28 ℃ of used times from 24 ℃, add the plasterboard 8560s then consuming time of phase-change material, according to the indirect energy saving evaluation index, its relative time hysteresis rate is:
γ=(8560-3580)/3580×100%=139.1%
This result shows: after the phase-change material of interpolation 10%, the time ratio ordinary gypsum board of keeping indoor comfort temperature has prolonged 1.39 times in the foaming plaster plate.
In 12h, keeping comfort temperature institute power consumption by the common foaming plaster plate that writes down on the electric energy meter is 0.132KWH, and phase transformation foaming plaster plate loss electric weight is 0.0891KWH.According to direct evaluation index, its relative energy-saving efficiency is:
η=(0.132-0.09405)/0.132×100%=28.7%
This result show the phase-change energy-storage gypsum plate that added phase-change material than ordinary gypsum board in 12h, keep during the indoor comfort temperature institute's consuming electric power low 28.7%.
Interpretation of result is learnt through experimental test:
Carry out summer during simulation test; Do not add the common composite plate (control piece) of phase-change material because its thermal capacitance is little; " house " interior temperature variation is very fast, and temperature to rise to time (by temperature polling instrument record) of comfort temperature value shorter, it is very fast that therefore " house " starts refrigerating plant; Start also more frequently, so power consumption (by electric energy meter record) is more; Add the energy storage composite plate (test specimen) of phase-change material, because the phase-change material that the energy storage composite plate is added has higher relatively thermal capacitance, its phase transition temperature is near the human comfort temperature; When ambient temperature is higher than phase transition temperature; The solid-liquid phase change heat absorption takes place in it, causes " house " interior temperature to raise and relatively lags behind, and (time is longer relatively late therefore to start refrigerating plant; By the temperature polling instrument record), total power consumption less (by the electric energy meter record).Phase-change accumulation energy composite plate simulation test in winter with summer simulation test similar.Through the simulation comparison test, can be used for estimating phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property and energy-saving effect, instruct preparation, design and the installation of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate.
The foregoing description only is used to explain the present invention, and wherein the concrete structure of each parts, connected mode etc. all can change to some extent, and all equivalents based on technical scheme of the present invention all belong to the present invention with changing.
Claims (10)
1. the proving installation of a phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property; Cooperate a high-low temperature test chamber job; It is characterized in that: comprise a casing; The one side of said casing leaves in order to the position of composite plate to be measured to be installed, and composite plate to be measured and its lap of casing form enclosure space, in said casing, is provided with refrigerator, heat-producing machine and casing temperature probe, test specimen temperature probe, temperature control probe; Said refrigerator, heat-producing machine all link to each other with separately electric energy meter through lead; Said casing temperature probe links to each other with temperature polling instrument through lead with the test specimen temperature probe, and said temperature control probe links to each other with temperature controller through lead; Said electric energy meter links to each other with temperature controller through lead.
2. install according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each face of all the other of said casing all uses heat-insulating composite plate.
3. install according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterized in that: in said casing, also be provided with soaking plate, at a distance from being located between composite plate to be measured and refrigerator, the heat-producing machine.
4. like the said device of claim 3, it is characterized in that: said casing temperature probe, test specimen temperature probe, temperature control probe are plugged in the space that is made up of soaking plate and composite plate to be measured; Said test specimen temperature probe is the surface type temperature probe, surveys the inside surface in composite plate to be measured.
5. install according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said refrigerator is made up of thermantidote, semiconductor chilling plate, water-cooled head, heating radiator, water pump, bucket; The hot side of semiconductor chilling plate links to each other with the water-cooled head, and huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) connects thermantidote, and thermantidote places box house; Semiconductor chilling plate links to each other with the refrigeration electric energy meter via lead, and a water-cooled water inlet, heating radiator, water pump, bucket, a water-cooled water delivering orifice link to each other through water pipe successively.
6. like the said device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: said heating radiator adopts water-cooled row heating radiator, and water pump adopts membrane pump or magnetic drive pump.
7. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said heat-producing machine is made up of heating sheet and radiator fan, the heating face of the sheet that generates heat is connected with radiator fan, radiator fan places box house, said heating sheet via lead with heat electric energy meter and link to each other.
8. like the said device of claim 7, it is characterized in that: said heating sheet is PTC ceramic heating plate or silicon rubber heating sheet.
9. the method for testing of a phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property is used the arbitrary described device of claim 1 to 8, uses the weather in high-low temperature test chamber simulation summer or winter; The casing of said device is placed this high-low temperature test chamber; Composite plate to be measured is installed, and design temperature on temperature controller starts heat-producing machine or refrigerator, temperature polling instrument, electric energy meter; By temperature polling instrument record temperature variation time and temperature change value; Electric energy meter writes down corresponding power consumption, continues 12 hours, obtains the thermal property data of this phase-change accumulation energy composite plate.
10. phase-change accumulation energy composite plate energy-saving effect evaluation method; Test the thermal property of composite plate to be measured (test specimen) and contrast composite plate (control piece) respectively by the method for claim 9, estimate the energy-saving effect of test specimen by indirect energy saving evaluation index and/or direct energy-conservation evaluation index;
The expression formula of said indirect energy saving index is:
γ=（τ2-τ1）/τ1
Wherein, γ is a relative time hysteresis rate, and τ 1 arrives the time of comfort temperature higher limit for the control piece of temperature polling instrument record is risen by low temperature, and τ 2 is risen time of arrival comfort temperature higher limit by low temperature for the test specimen of temperature polling instrument record; The γ value is big more, and it is big to show that test specimen is kept the multiple of time lengthening of indoor comfort temperature, and energy-saving effect is good more;
The expression formula of said direct energy-conservation evaluation index is:
η=(E
1-E
2)/E
1
Wherein, η is relative energy-saving efficiency, E
1For the control piece of electric energy meter record is kept indoor comfort temperature institute consuming electric power, E within a certain period of time
2For the test specimen of electric energy meter record is kept indoor comfort temperature institute consuming electric power in the same time; The η value is big more, shows that test specimen keeps many more that institute's consuming electric power reduces during the indoor comfort temperature, and energy-saving effect is good more.
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