CN102721648A - Vehicle-mounted mobile device for detecting visibility of foggy weather and detecting method thereof - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted mobile device for detecting visibility of foggy weather and detecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102721648A CN102721648A CN2012102384242A CN201210238424A CN102721648A CN 102721648 A CN102721648 A CN 102721648A CN 2012102384242 A CN2012102384242 A CN 2012102384242A CN 201210238424 A CN201210238424 A CN 201210238424A CN 102721648 A CN102721648 A CN 102721648A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted mobile device for detecting the visibility of foggy weather, belonging to devices for detecting road traffic environmental information. The visibility value is finally obtained through measuring the attenuation coefficient of light propagation in fog. A light emitting diode is adopted as a light source, and a photosensitive resistor is taken as a photoelectric detector and used for reception. Fog of different concentrations acts on the attenuation effect of light differently, and light signals received by the photoelectric detector are different. The concentration of the current fog, namely the visibility value, is obtained through calculating the received light signals. The fog in a sampling space is closed by using a front-and-rear-door structure so as to shield the influence on detection caused by stray light and airflows of an external environment. The vehicle-mounted mobile device is simple in structure and convenient in use and realizes the function of vehicle-mounted mobile detection of the visibility of the foggy weather.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of road traffic environment information detector and method of testing thereof, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of greasy weather with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit and method of testing thereof.
Background technology
Mist is a common weather phenomenon in a kind of life, is state because airborne hydrone reaches capacity, and condenses into minute particles, is suspended in the air above the ground, and this minute particles can be carried out scattering and absorption to light.When airborne minute particles acquires a certain degree, will have a strong impact on the sighting distance sharpness, cause visibility to reduce.
Along with Freeway Development, traffic safety is more and more important in people's life.In the greasy weather, the influence of traffic safety is particularly serious.Driver's range of vision that greasy weather goes is less, and sight line is unclear, is difficult to see clearly front truck and surrounding road condition, causes the driver that the sensation of the speed of a motor vehicle and distance is descended, thereby can't control the safe speed of a motor vehicle and safe distance, when facing a danger road conditions, can not prevent in advance.
At present; China has carried out the research of aspects such as mist detection, forecast, fog-zone traffic safety and supervisory system, weather watch-dog station, greasy weather control of traffic and road, but these researchs all are aimed at a certain highway section or the forecast and the traffic safety research of mist are carried out in a certain zone.Above-mentioned these systems can't ensure the vehicle that leaves their monitoring ranges, and therefore, the safety of vehicle beyond the supervisory system coverage still relies on driver's experiences in the fog-zone.
The method of measuring visibility is divided into artificial visually examine and monitor measurement, and visibility monitor metering system mainly contains scatter-type, lidar measurement appearance, transmission-type.All there are some problems in these class methods at present:
Scatter-type is the mode of at present the most frequently used measurement mist visibility.Scatter-type visiometer principle be according to hydrone to the scattering of light effect, measure scattering coefficient, obtain visibility indirectly.This instrument volume is bigger, and inconvenient installation costs an arm and a leg, unfavorable maintenance.
The lidar measurement instrument system is complicated, costs an arm and a leg, and is unfavorable for promoting.
Transmission-type is directly to measure the gas column transmissivity through the big gas column that light beam sees through between two point of fixity, obtains visibility.Its transmission light beam and sample space can influence measuring accuracy.Because atmospheric transmission formula visiometer is in principle and technical, especially in aspects such as optical alignment and ground installation, technical requirement that all need be higher than diffuse transmission type.Only be applicable at present the observation of low middling visibility.
Existing visibility tester costs an arm and a leg, maintenance cost is high, complicated operation, has limited range of application, and is fixed on measuring station and some highway section.But because the formation of mist and the no regularity of variation, the place that requires vehicle to arrive can both be detected.If all highway sections, the system-wide section is set up measuring station, and the highway construction expense can increase a lot.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in the process that moves with car, to detect, and cost is high, the problem of complicated operation, and provides a kind of greasy weather with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit and method of testing thereof for solving existing visibility checkout equipment.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize that accompanying drawings is following:
A kind of with truck mobile greasy weather visibility pick-up unit; Mainly form by apparatus main body B and protective cover A; Apparatus main body B is sealed in the protective cover A; Said apparatus main body B mainly is made up of DAM-3039 data acquisition module a, signal receiving end assembly b, back door assembly d, Qianmen assembly e, apparatus main body base f, signal transmitting terminal assembly h and single chip control module j; Left side beam y and right side beam z on the said apparatus main body base f are divided into three parts with base plate x, and signal transmitting terminal assembly h is fixedly mounted on the base plate x in the right side beam z outside; Signal receiving end assembly b is fixedly mounted on the base plate x in the left side beam y outside; DAM-3039 data acquisition module a is fixedly mounted on the base plate x in the signal receiving end assembly b outside; Qianmen assembly e and back door assembly d are installed between left side beam y and the right side beam z, and the space that Qianmen assembly e, back door assembly d, left side beam y, right side beam z surround is the sample space.
Said Qianmen assembly e mainly forms by couplet on the door axial organ 4, door-plate 5, stepper motor 13 with near switch 14, and said couplet on the door axial organ 4 is formed with coupling shaft 36 by connecting door-plate 38, said door-plate 5 with connect door-plate 38 overlap joints and fix; Said coupling shaft 36 is fixed on the left side beam y through bearing 7; Said torque spring 6 is sleeved on the coupling shaft 36, and an end is stuck in the torque spring retaining groove 35 that connects door-plate 38 ends, and the other end is stuck on the curb girder spring card slot; Its effect is that door-plate 5 is resetted; Saidly be fixed on the inboard of left side beam y, during door closure state, contact with door near switch 14; Said stepper motor 13 is through being bolted on the right side beam z, and stepper motor axis hole on stepper motor 13 rotating shafts and the door coupling shaft 36 37 is connected through key, controls the switch of door-plate 5, and said back door assembly d structure and connection are identical with Qianmen assembly e.
Said signal transmitting terminal assembly h mainly is made up of convex lens 10, signal emission base 12 and light emitting diode 17; Said convex lens 10 are installed on the transmitting aperture of right side beam z, and are fixing with lens snap ring 11, and the base plate F of signal emission base 12 is fixed on the outside base plate x of right side beam z; Light emitting diode 17 is fixed on the diode block 16; Diode block 16 is connected on the riser E of signal emission base 12 through adjusting bolt 15 with regulating pad 18, moves up and down along the regulating tank k on the signal transmitting terminal base 12 through diode block 16, and light emitting diode 17 is remained on the axis of convex lens; Through increasing or reduce adjusting pad 18; Light emitting diode 17 is moved on the focus of convex lens, adjust the position of light emitting diode 17 after, fix with the nut of regulating on the bolt 15.
Said signal receiving end assembly b mainly accepts circuit by signal reception pedestal 1, planar lens 3, photoresistance 19 and signal and forms; Said planar lens 3 is installed on the receiver hole of left side beam y; Fixing with lens snap ring 2; The base plate D that signal receives base body 1 is fixed on the base plate x in the left side beam y outside, and four photoresistance 19 are fixed on signal and receive on the riser C of pedestal 1;
Said signal receiving circuit is consulted Figure 16, mainly by mu balanced circuit, and the light intensity test circuit, the temperature test circuit constitutes.Mu balanced circuit is made up of W7806 integrated regulator, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2.Capacitor C 1 is connected with W7806 integrated regulator lead-in wire 2; Capacitor C 2 is connected with W7806 integrated regulator lead-in wire 1; Capacitor C 1 is parallelly connected with capacitor C 2; The input end of integrated regulator connects binding post 20; The common port lead-in wire 2 of integrated regulator connects binding post 21.The light intensity test circuit is made up of fixed resistance R, photoresistance RL.Fixed resistance R connects with photoresistance RL, and fixed resistance R links to each other with the output terminal of W7806 integrated regulator, and photoresistance RL links to each other with the common port of W7806 integrated regulator, and binding post is connected on the contact of fixed resistance R and photoresistance RL.The light intensity test circuit has 4, belongs to the relation of being connected in parallel between each light intensity test circuit.The temperature test circuit is made up of fixed resistance R, thermistor RT; Fixed resistance R connects with thermistor RL; R links to each other with the output terminal of W7806 integrated regulator; Thermistor RT links to each other with the common port of W7806 integrated regulator, and binding post 26 is connected on the contact of fixed resistance R and thermistor RT.Belong to the relation of being connected in parallel between temperature test circuit and the light intensity test circuit.
Mu balanced circuit is that signal receiving circuit provides the constant voltage power supply.Photoresistance in the light intensity receiving circuit receives light signal, and light signal is converted into voltage signal, and the place exports to data acquisition module at binding post.Thermistor in the temperature test circuit receives temperature signal, and temperature signal is converted into voltage signal, and 26 places export to data acquisition module at binding post.
Said single chip control module j, at first drive stepping motor work, the opening and closing of door before and after the control; After mist body to be tested enters into the sample space; Single chip control module j driven for emitting lights diode 17 sends the light intensity of certain numerical value; DAM-3039 data acquisition module a passes to single-chip microcomputer with temperature that collects and light intensity signal through data line; Single-chip microcomputer calculates the mist visibility and the current safety speed of a motor vehicle in the sample space, is transferred on the LED display III in the pilothouse.
Circuit connects consults Figure 16, Figure 17.Binding post 20 connects the vehicle power positive pole with binding post 27; Binding post 21 connects the vehicle power negative pole with binding post 28; Binding post 22,23,24,25 with 26 respectively with DAM-3039 data acquisition module a on connection terminal IN0+, IN1+, IN2+, IN3+, IN4+ be connected; Connection terminal IN0-on the DAM-3039 data acquisition module a, IN1-, IN2-, IN3-, IN4-all link to each other with binding post 21; Connection terminal IN5+, IN5-near switch is connected on the DAM-3039 data acquisition module a are last; Connection terminal+Vs on the DAM-3039 data acquisition module a, DATA+, DATA-, GND link to each other with binding post 35,36,37,38 respectively; Door stepper motor lead-in wire A before and after binding post 29 connects; Door stepper motor lead-in wire A before and after binding post 30 connects; Door stepper motor lead-in wire B before and after binding post 31 connects; Door stepper motor lead-in wire B before and after binding post 32 connects, it is anodal that binding post 33 connects light emitting diode, and binding post 34 connects the light emitting diode negative pole.
Said single chip control module; Consult Figure 17; Mainly by mu balanced circuit, AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor driving circuit, light emitting diode outer meeting resistance, data acquisition module excuse circuit, near the switch interface circuit; The display screen CC constitutes, and mu balanced circuit is made up of W7805 integrated regulator, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2.Capacitor C 1 is connected with W7805 integrated regulator output terminal; Capacitor C 2 is connected with the input of W7805 integrated regulator; Capacitor C 1 is parallelly connected with capacitor C 2; The input end of integrated regulator connects binding post 27; The common port of integrated regulator connects binding post 28.Mu balanced circuit is the power supply that signal receiving circuit provides constant voltage.The step motor drive control circuit is mainly by pull-up resistor, integrated phase inverter 7406N, and Darlington transistor TIP142 constitutes.P1.0 on the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, P1.1, P1.2, P1..3 pin are connected with integrated phase inverter 7406N, integrated phase inverter 7406N, and TIP142 links to each other with Darlington transistor, and pull-up resistor is connected between constant voltage source and the Darlington transistor TIP142.Darlington transistor links to each other with the stepper motor binding post.Step motor control signal on the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer; Spread out of through P1.0, P1.1, P1.2, P1.3 pin; Through integrated phase inverter 7406N level is converted into reverse level signal and passes to Darlington transistor TIP142; After Darlington transistor TIP142 amplified reverse level signal, drive stepping motor was rotated.P1.4 pin on the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer is connected with light emitting diode outer meeting resistance R2, and the light emitting diode outer meeting resistance links to each other with binding post 34.P1.4 pin on the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer directly sends voltage signal, after light emitting diode outer meeting resistance R2 dividing potential drop, and the driven for emitting lights diode.Data acquisition module excuse circuit mainly is to be made up of signal level conversion chip MAX485, fixed resistance R4.Serial ports RXD on the AT89C51 chip links to each other with RO pin on the MAX485; Serial ports TXD on the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer links to each other with DI pin on the MAX485; P1.7 on the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer links to each other with DE pin on the MAX485, and the P1.7 on the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer links to each other with DE pin on the MAX485.Fixed resistance R4 connects between the last A of MAX485 and B.The signal that data collecting module collected arrives passes to signal level and transforms chip MAX485 through binding post, be converted into the level signal of AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer identification after, pass to the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer.Link to each other with the 1X0 pin of 74ALS153 chip near switch columm 39, the 74ALS153 chip is connected with the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer.Near the pulse signal of switch, after the conversion of 74ALS153 chip, pass to the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, the output pin on the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer links to each other with display screen, and the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer outputs to the result on the display screen through calculating and encoding.
A kind of described method of testing of claim 1 that is used for truck mobile greasy weather visibility pick-up unit, concrete steps are following:
The first step, during the test beginning, Single-chip Controlling Qianmen stepper motor and back door stepper motor clockwise rotate, door before and after slowly opening successively, the fog in the atmosphere gets into the sample space;
Second step, wait for after ten seconds to one minute that door stepper motor 13 rotates counterclockwise before and after the Single-chip Controlling, door before and after slowly closing successively, the fog in the sample space is closed in device inside, and falls the external environment light shield;
The 3rd step after current back door is closed, detected door near switch 14 and closes, and the door shutdown signal is transferred to single-chip microcomputer, and Single-chip Controlling light emitting diode 17 is luminous.After the fog decay of the light that light emitting diode 17 sends through the sample space; Shine in the photoresistance 19 of receiving end, photoresistance 19 changes this light signal into electric signal, and a passes to single-chip microcomputer through the DAM-3039 data acquisition module; Simultaneously; The temperature sensor of receiving end detects environment temperature, and ambient temperature value is passed to single-chip microcomputer through DAM-3039 data acquisition module a;
In the 4th step, single-chip microcomputer is again according to the photoelectric characteristic formula of photoresistance 19 and circuit
The absorbing rule σ of light=-(1/b) In (φ/φ
0) and Cauchy's Migdal theory L=-In0.05/ σ calculate the visibility value; According to the influence of temperature to circuit and photoresistance, the visibility that calculates to be revised, single-chip microcomputer goes out the safe speed of a motor vehicle according to safety traffic speed of a motor vehicle calculated with mathematical model; Then visibility value and current safety vehicle speed value are passed to display; Be shown to the driver, wherein, Φ is the luminous flux behind the optical attenuation; Φ
0It is the luminous flux before the optical attenuation; B is the distance of transmitting terminal and receiving end; U is the receiving end output voltage; S is the photoconduction sensitivity of light activated element; β, M are the constants that circuit parameter is influenced by circuit design and electron device promptly, can obtain circuit test; L is a visibility; σ is an extinction coefficient.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the greasy weather of the present invention can be realized the measurement and the early warning of dense fog in the field of traffic with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit.Do not receive the restriction in highway section, measuring station, zone, can carry out the detection of dense fog with moving of car, for the communications and transportation driver provides visibility information accurately with the variation of position.
2. the greasy weather of the present invention uses light emitting diode as light source with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit, and photoresistance is as optical detection device, has not only practiced thrift cost of manufacture but also saves energy, has enlarged usable range, is convenient to promote.
3. the greasy weather of the present invention is adopted the contour structures of controllable on-off with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit; Can guarantee effective collection of mist; In the time of guaranteeing to test again the mist moving with respect to wagon flow become the mist static with respect to car, and the external environment veiling glare is masked, improve measuring accuracy.
4. the greasy weather of the present invention is light small and exquisite with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit, is convenient to installation and removal, and is flexible and convenient to use, and the test process automation degree is high.
5. the greasy weather of the present invention is integrated in one with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit transmitting terminal and receiving end, has improved the precision of optical alignment, thereby has improved measuring accuracy.
6. the greasy weather of the present invention can detect visibility distance in real time with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit, calculates the safe speed of a motor vehicle and the early warning of vehicle ' in real time.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1 is of the present invention with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit installation site synoptic diagram onboard;
Fig. 2 is the preceding shaft side projection drawing with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the back shaft side projection drawing with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is of the present invention with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit agent structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit main body base synoptic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the local enlarged diagram in c place among Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the local enlarged diagram in g place among Fig. 5;
Fig. 9 is of the present invention with door assembly structure synoptic diagram before the truck mobile visibility pick-up unit;
Figure 10 is of the present invention with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit couplet on the door axial organ structural representation;
Figure 11 is of the present invention with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit signal transmitting terminal assembly structure synoptic diagram;
Figure 12 is of the present invention with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit signal emission base structure figure;
Figure 13 is of the present invention with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit signal receiving end assembly structure synoptic diagram;
Figure 14 is of the present invention with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit signal received block body structure figure;
Figure 15 is of the present invention with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit test philosophy synoptic diagram;
Figure 16 of the present inventionly accepts circuit diagram with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit signal;
Figure 17 is the single chip control module circuit theory diagrams with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit of the present invention;
Figure 18 is the DAM-3039 data acquisition module synoptic diagram with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit of the present invention;
Figure 19 is the stepper motor lead-in wire synoptic diagram with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. signal receives pedestal 2. planar lens snap rings 3. planar lens 4. couplet on the door axial organs 5. door-plates 6. torque springs 7. bearings 8. end rings 9. bearing caps 10. convex lens 11. lens snap rings 12. signals emission base 13. stepper motors 14. and regulates even door-plate 44. bolts hole of bolt 16. diode blocks 17. light emitting diodes 18. adjusting pads 19. photo resistance 20～39. binding posts 40. torque spring retaining grooves 41. connecting axles 42. stepper motor axis holes 43. near switch 15.
I. with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit II .LED screen data line III .LED display screen IV. the vehicle that goes
A. protective cover B. apparatus main body C. signal receives pedestal riser D. signal and receives pedestal base plate E. signal emission pedestal riser F. signal emission pedestal base plate
A.DAM-3039 data acquisition module b. signal receiving end assembly d. back door assembly e. Qianmen assembly f. apparatus main body base h. signal transmitting terminal assembly i. binding post j. control module circuit board (single chip control module) k. regulating tank x. base plate y. left side beam z. right side beam.
Embodiment
Further specify the particular content of the present invention and the course of work thereof below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment.
The present invention combines the optical signature of mist, adopts principle based on visible light attenuation effect in the fog transmission course to obtain.
Consult Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, of the present inventionly be installed on automobile top, in the process that automobile moves, detect the visibility of fog, and in time calculate the current safe speed of a motor vehicle with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit.Visibility and safe vehicle speed value are sent on the display screen in the pilothouse through data signal line, offer the driver.
Consult Fig. 4, of the present invention with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit mainly by forming with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit main body B and protective cover A.Apparatus main body B is sealed in the protective cover A, and the contact site has rubber gasket to seal.The preceding grid of protective cover A is consistent with the Qianmen installation direction of apparatus main body B, and the back grid of protective cover A is consistent with the back door installation direction of apparatus main body B.
Consult Fig. 5 to Fig. 6, B mainly adopts module a by the DAM-3039 number with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit main body, signal receiving end assembly b; Back door assembly d, Qianmen assembly e is with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit main body base f; Signal transmitting terminal assembly h, single chip control module j forms.
F is as shown in Figure 6 with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit main body base, and left side beam y and right side beam z are divided into three parts with base plate x.Signal transmitting terminal assembly h is installed in the outside of right side beam z, through screw retention on base plate x; Signal receiving end assembly b is installed in the outside of left side beam y, passes through screw retention equally on base plate x.DAM-3039 data acquisition module a is installed in the outside of left side beam y and the right side of signal receiving end assembly b utilizes screw that DAM-3039 data acquisition module a is fixed on the base plate x.Qianmen assembly e and back door assembly d are installed between left side beam y and the right side beam z.The space that Qianmen assembly e, back door assembly d, left side beam y, right side beam z surround is the sample space.
Consult Fig. 7 to Figure 10, with truck mobile visibility pick-up unit Qianmen assembly e mainly by door coupling shaft 4, door-plate 5, torque spring 6, bearing 7, end ring 8, bearing cap 9, stepper motor 13, form near switch 14.
The method of attachment in assembly left side, Qianmen is consulted shown in the figure, and bearing cap 9 is connected with left side beam y, utilizes the rubber sheet gasketing sealing, through screw retention.The outer ring of bearing 7 belongs to interference fit with the bearing mounting hole of left side beam y and is connected, and carries out crosswise fixed with end ring 8.The inner ring of bearing 7 belongs to interference fit with the coupling shaft 36 of couplet on the door axial organ 4 and is connected.Torque spring 6 is enclosed within on the coupling shaft 36, and is stuck in the torque spring retaining groove 35, and the torque spring other end is stuck on the curb girder spring card slot, and when equipment is not worked, torque spring will make door-plate automatically restore to closed condition.Be fixed on the inboard of left side beam y near switch 14, during door closure state, contact with door.The method of attachment of end ring 8, bearing 7, torque spring 6, couplet on the door axial organ 4 and the door on door assembly right side is consistent with the left side.Stepper motor 13 is through being bolted on the right side beam z, and the stepper motor axis hole 37 on the rotating shaft of stepper motor and the door coupling shaft connects through key.Door-plate 5 overlaps with connecting door-plate 38, utilizes screw retention.Back door assembly structure and method of attachment are identical with the Qianmen assembly.
The rotating shaft of stepper motor 13 is rotated, the switch of control door-plate.When the stepper motor rotating shaft was rotated, rotating shaft drove door coupling shaft 4 and rotates, and drove door-plate simultaneously and rotated, and door opens and close before and after realizing.
Consult Fig. 8, Figure 11, Figure 12, signal transmitting terminal assembly h mainly is made up of convex lens 10, lens snap ring 11, signal emission base 12, adjusting bolt 15, diode block 16, light emitting diode 17, adjusting pad 18.
Consult Fig. 7, Figure 13, Figure 14, signal receiving end assembly b mainly accepts circuit by signal reception pedestal 1, planar lens snap ring 2, planar lens 3, photoresistance 19 and signal and forms.
Circuit connects consults Figure 16, Figure 17.Binding post 20 connects the vehicle power positive pole with binding post 27; Binding post 21 connects the vehicle power negative pole with binding post 28; Binding post 22,23,24,25,26, respectively with DAM-3039 data acquisition module a on connection terminal IN0+, IN1+, IN2+, IN3+, IN4+ be connected; Connection terminal IN0-on the DAM-3039 data acquisition module a, IN1-, IN2-, IN3-, IN4-all link to each other with binding post 21; Connection terminal IN5+, IN5-near switch is connected on the DAM-3039 data acquisition module a are last; Connection terminal+Vs on the DAM-3039 data acquisition module a, DATA+, DATA-, GND link to each other with binding post 35,36,37,38 respectively; Door stepper motor lead-in wire A before and after binding post 29 connects; Door stepper motor lead-in wire A before and after binding post 30 connects, door stepper motor lead-in wire B before and after binding post 31 connects, door stepper motor lead-in wire B before and after binding post 32 connects; It is anodal that binding post 33 connects light emitting diode, and 34 connect the light emitting diode negative pole.
MCU driving module j, at first drive stepping motor work, the opening and closing of door before and after the control; After mist body to be tested entered into the sample space, MCU driving module j driven for emitting lights diode 17 sent the light intensity of certain numerical value.DAM-3039 data acquisition module a passes to single-chip microcomputer with temperature that collects and light intensity signal through data line.Single-chip microcomputer calculates the mist visibility and the current safety speed of a motor vehicle in the sample space, is transferred on the LED display III in the pilothouse.
Test process and step are consulted Figure 15, Figure 17.As follows:
The first step, during the test beginning, Single-chip Controlling Qianmen and back door stepper motor 13 clockwise rotate, door before and after slowly opening successively, the mist in the atmosphere gets into the sample space.
In second step, wait for after ten seconds to one minute that door stepper motor 13 rotates counterclockwise before and after the Single-chip Controlling, door before and after slowly closing successively.Mist in the sample space is enclosed in device inside, and falls the external environment light shield.
The 3rd step after current back door is closed, detected door near switch and closes, and the door shutdown signal is transferred to single-chip microcomputer, and the Single-chip Controlling light emitting diode is luminous.After the attenuation by fog of the light that diode sends through the sample space, shine in the photoresistance of receiving end, photoresistance changes this light signal into electric signal, adopts module through number and passes to single-chip microcomputer.Simultaneously, the temperature sensor of receiving end detects environment temperature, and ambient temperature value is adopted module and passed to single-chip microcomputer through number.
In the 4th step, single-chip microcomputer is again according to the photoelectric characteristic formula of photoresistance and circuit
The absorbing rule σ of light=-(1/b) In (φ/φ
0) and Cauchy's Migdal theory L=-In0.05/ σ calculate the visibility value.According to the influence of temperature, the visibility that calculates is revised circuit and photoresistance.Single-chip microcomputer goes out the safe speed of a motor vehicle according to safety traffic speed of a motor vehicle calculated with mathematical model.Then visibility value and current safety vehicle speed value are passed to display, be shown to the driver.Wherein, Φ is the luminous flux behind the optical attenuation; Φ
0--the luminous flux the before-optical attenuation; The distance of b---transmitting terminal and receiving end; U is the receiving end output voltage; S is the photoconduction sensitivity of light activated element; β, M are circuit parameters, are the constants that influenced by circuit design and electron device, can obtain circuit test; L is a visibility; σ is an extinction coefficient.
Claims (7)
1. one kind with truck mobile greasy weather visibility pick-up unit; Mainly form by apparatus main body (B) and protective cover (A); Apparatus main body (B) is sealed in the protective cover (A); It is characterized in that; Said apparatus main body (B) mainly is made up of DAM-3039 data acquisition module (a), signal receiving end assembly (b), back door assembly (d), Qianmen assembly (e), apparatus main body base (f), signal transmitting terminal assembly (h) and single chip control module (j), and left side beam (y) and right side beam (z) on the said apparatus main body base (f) are divided into three parts with base plate (x), and signal transmitting terminal assembly (h) is fixedly mounted on the base plate (x) in right side beam (z) outside; Signal receiving end assembly (b) is fixedly mounted on the base plate x in left side beam (y) outside; DAM-3039 data acquisition module (a) is fixedly mounted on the base plate (x) in signal receiving end assembly (b) outside; Qianmen assembly (e) and back door assembly (d) are installed between left side beam (y) and the right side beam (z), and the space that Qianmen assembly (e), back door assembly (d), left side beam (y), right side beam z surround is the sample space.
2. according to claim 1 a kind ofly it is characterized in that with truck mobile greasy weather visibility pick-up unit, said Qianmen assembly (e) is mainly formed by couplet on the door axial organ (4), door-plate (5), stepper motor (13) with near switch (14); Said couplet on the door axial organ (4) is formed by connecting door-plate (38) and coupling shaft (36); Said door-plate (5) is fixed with connecting door-plate (38) overlap joint, and said coupling shaft (36) is fixed on the left side beam (y) through bearing (7), and said torque spring (6) is sleeved on the coupling shaft (36); One end is stuck in the torque spring retaining groove (35) that connects door-plate (38) end; The other end is stuck on the curb girder spring card slot, and its effect is that door-plate (5) is resetted, the said inboard that is fixed on left side beam (y) near switch (14); During door closure state, contact with door; Said stepper motor (13) is through being bolted on the right side beam (z); Stepper motor (13) rotating shaft is connected through key with stepper motor axis hole (37) on door coupling shaft (36); The switch of control door-plate (5), said back door assembly (d) structure and connection are identical with Qianmen assembly (e).
3. according to claim 1 and 2 a kind of with truck mobile greasy weather visibility pick-up unit; It is characterized in that said signal transmitting terminal assembly (h) mainly is made up of convex lens (10), signal emission base (12) and light emitting diode (17), said convex lens (10) are installed on the transmitting aperture of right side beam (z); Fixing with lens snap ring (11); The base plate (F) of signal emission base (12) is fixed on the outside base plate (x) of right side beam (z), and light emitting diode (17) is fixed on the diode block (16), and diode block (16) is connected on the riser (E) of signal emission base (12) with adjusting pad (18) through adjusting bolt (15); Move up and down along the regulating tank (k) on the signal transmitting terminal base (12) through diode block (16); Light emitting diode (17) is remained on the axis of convex lens,, light emitting diode (17) is moved on the focus of convex lens through increasing or reducing and regulate pad (18); After adjusting the position of light emitting diode (17), fix with the nut of regulating on the bolt (15).
4. according to claim 1 and 2 a kind of with truck mobile greasy weather visibility pick-up unit; It is characterized in that; Said signal receiving end assembly (b) mainly receives pedestal (1), planar lens (3), photoresistance (19) and signal receiving circuit by signal and forms; Said planar lens (3) is installed on the receiver hole of left side beam (y); Fixing with lens snap ring (2), the base plate (D) that signal receives base body (1) is fixed on the base plate (x) in left side beam (y) outside, and four photoresistance (19) are fixed on signal and receive on the riser (C) of pedestal (1).
5. according to claim 4ly a kind ofly it is characterized in that said signal receiving circuit with truck mobile greasy weather visibility pick-up unit; Mainly be made up of mu balanced circuit, light intensity test circuit and temperature test circuit, said mu balanced circuit is that signal receiving circuit provides the constant voltage power supply, the photoresistance in the light intensity receiving circuit; Receive light signal, and light signal is converted into voltage signal, the place exports to data acquisition module at binding post; Thermistor in the temperature test circuit; Receive temperature signal, and temperature signal is converted into voltage signal, 26 places export to data acquisition module at binding post.
6. according to claim 1 and 2 a kind of with truck mobile greasy weather visibility pick-up unit; It is characterized in that; Said single chip control module (j), mainly by mu balanced circuit, AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor driving circuit, light emitting diode outer meeting resistance, data acquisition module excuse circuit, near the switch interface circuit, the display screen CC constitutes; At first drive stepping motor work, the opening and closing of door before and after the control; After mist body to be tested enters into the sample space; Single chip control module (j) driven for emitting lights diode (17) sends the light intensity of certain numerical value; DAM-3039 data acquisition module (a) passes to single-chip microcomputer with temperature that collects and light intensity signal through data line; Single-chip microcomputer calculates the mist visibility and the current safety speed of a motor vehicle in the sample space, is transferred on the LED display (III) in the pilothouse.
7. one kind is used for the described method of testing with truck mobile greasy weather visibility pick-up unit of claim 1, and concrete steps are following:
The first step, during the test beginning, Single-chip Controlling Qianmen stepper motor and back door stepper motor clockwise rotate, door before and after slowly opening successively, the fog in the atmosphere gets into the sample space;
Second step, wait for that Single-chip Controlling Qianmen stepper motor and back door stepper motor rotate counterclockwise after ten seconds to one minute, door before and after slowly closing successively, the fog in the sample space is closed in device inside, and falls the external environment light shield;
In the 3rd step, after current back door is closed, detect door near switch (14) and close; The door shutdown signal is transferred to single-chip microcomputer, and Single-chip Controlling light emitting diode (17) is luminous, after the fog decay of the light that light emitting diode (17) sends through the sample space; Shine in the photoresistance (19) of receiving end, photoresistance (19) changes this light signal into electric signal, and (a) passes to single-chip microcomputer through the DAM-3039 data acquisition module; Simultaneously; The temperature sensor of receiving end detects environment temperature, and ambient temperature value is passed to single-chip microcomputer through DAM-3039 data acquisition module (a);
In the 4th step, single-chip microcomputer is again according to the photoelectric characteristic formula of photoresistance (19) and circuit
The absorbing rule σ of light=-(1/b) In (φ/φ
0) and Cauchy's Migdal theory L=-In0.05/ σ calculate the visibility value; According to the influence of temperature to circuit and photoresistance; Visibility to calculating is revised; Single-chip microcomputer goes out the safe speed of a motor vehicle according to safety traffic speed of a motor vehicle calculated with mathematical model, then visibility value and current safety vehicle speed value is passed to display, is shown to the driver;
Wherein, Φ is the luminous flux behind the optical attenuation; Φ
0It is the luminous flux before the optical attenuation; B is the distance of transmitting terminal and receiving end; U is the receiving end output voltage; S is the photoconduction sensitivity of light activated element; β, M are the constants that circuit parameter is influenced by circuit design and electron device promptly, can obtain circuit test; L is a visibility; σ is an extinction coefficient.
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