CN102721349B - Method for precisely measuring cross section of rill - Google Patents
Method for precisely measuring cross section of rill Download PDFInfo
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- CN102721349B CN102721349B CN201210214468.1A CN201210214468A CN102721349B CN 102721349 B CN102721349 B CN 102721349B CN 201210214468 A CN201210214468 A CN 201210214468A CN 102721349 B CN102721349 B CN 102721349B
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- rill
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- width
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for precisely measuring a cross section of a rill, and an adopted device comprises a panel (1), a framework (2), a measuring ruler (3) and connection bolts (4); two side surfaces of the panel (1) are respectively provided with a grid line of 1cm*1cm, and numbers of 5, 10, 15 and 0 are respectively arranged on the heights which are respectively 5cm, 10cm and 15cm away from the bottom and on the center of the bottom; and slide-ways (21) with the depth and width being both 3mm are respectively arranged on two vertical stainless steel columns to be 3mm away from the outer side on the side surface of the framework (2), and the bottom of the framework (2) is a 45-DEG inclined surface; and two ends of the measuring ruler (3) are respectively connected onto the slide-way (21) at each side of the framework (2) through the connection bolts (4). The method solves the weaknesses of a conventional method that the measurement error is larger and the disturbance exists on the cross section of the rill, has advantages of simpleness and quickness and accuracy in measurement, and provides an advanced method for further acknowledging and disclosing a corrosion process and mechanism of a slope rill.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water and soil conservation field, be specifically related to a kind of method that rill section accurately measures.
Background technology
Soil erosion is the main cause causing fertility to degenerate, it is again the main source of river load and Waters Non-Point Source Pollution, serious soil erosion causes arable land minimizing, soil fertility decay, until the essence of fertility is destroyed, constituting serious threat to agricultural development, people's life and existence, is one of current global property disaster affecting Environment and development.Soil erosion directly affects agricultural production and by continuing the sustainable development of impact agricultural, food security will be threatened to supply.
Research soil erosion process is for the conservation of soil and water, the living environment improving the mankind, particularly significant to the sustainable development of poverty-stricken area.
Rill erosion is the frequent a kind of erosional forms of sloping upland, and rill erosion is mainly produced by rainstorm erosion.Rill erosion produces sand to slope soil erosion significant contribution, and is that the transition developed to rill erosion is lost in the erosion caused by sloping surfaces by face.
Rill erosion reduces land fertility and production arability.Organic matter in soil and the fine grained of full nitrogen in corrosive substance are combined, and have taken away biological required nutriment.The fine sand be flushed away enters channel system the most at last, causes ditch pool, garage and channel to deposit, and agricultural drainage and irrigation ability declines.
Rill erosion is one of extremely important erosion processes, has status of crucial importance in the erosion caused by sloping surfaces, domatic particularly outstanding in China Canal in Loess Area, and the major way of China's Loess Surface Eroded and strong erosion produce husky important root.
Rill is the important object of domestic and international soil erosion study, and rill section configuration and width had both reflected the size of scouring amount of soil, can affect again the feature of Wash flow in rill simultaneously, is very important parameter in rill research.The method of this parameter manually measures the section of rill in the past, because the cross dimensions of rill is in centimetre-sized, several centimetres often, and shape and size be one constantly change irregularly shaped, therefore, there is comparatively big error between the result of measurement and actual value, and constantly will contact soft rill limit wall in measuring process, very easily cause the change of rill section, have influence on subsequent experimental.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the device providing a kind of precise determination rill section width for the deficiencies in the prior art.
The method that rill section accurately measures, comprises panel (1), framework (2), surveys chi (3), attachment screw (4); Panel (1) is the corrosion resistant plate that one piece of length and width is 20cm, and its thickness is 2mm, and bottom is the inclined-plane of 45 °; Two sides of panel (1) are carved with respectively the mesh lines of 1 × 1cm, and are carving the numeral of note 5,10,15 and 0 apart from the height of bottom 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and the center of bottom; Framework (2) is the "door" type framework that a stainless steel column of use 10 × 10mm is made, its inside dimension is wide 19.4cm × high 19.7cm, 2mm is carved wide inside "door" type framework, the groove (22) that 3mm is dark, panel (1) inserts in the groove (22) of framework (2), two stainless steel columns that the side of framework (2) is vertical are carved with the slideway (21) that the degree of depth and width are 3mm respectively apart from 3mm place, outside, be 45 ° of inclined-planes bottom framework (2); Survey chi (3) is a width is the stainless steel rule of 2cm, and its minimum scale is 1mm, and centre is labeled as 0, increases to both sides numeral is symmetrical gradually; To survey chi (3) in survey chi (3) two ends attachment screw (4) is connected on the slideway (21) of device (2) both sides; Attachment screw (4) shape and slideway (21) coordinate, and survey chi (3) and framework (2) for connecting.
During measurement, panel (1) is inserted in the groove (22) of framework (2), rill section is inserted gently at rill section upper vertical channel direction to be measured, vertically insert bottom rill until panel (1) bottom and stop after 2-3cm below minimum point, chi (3) will be surveyed put down along slideway (21), make its cross-arm on rill, connect with earth's surface, rill both sides, read rill (2) individual marginal point respectively and survey the reading on chi (3), then be added, be the uppermost width dimensions of rill; If need the width measuring rill differing heights position, the colored rapid-curing cutback coating of notable difference is had to surveying spraying and soil property color on panel (1) face exposed in chi (3) rill below with spray gun, after coating is completely dry and hard, the device inserted in soil is slowly extracted along the opposite direction inserted, now, namely part panel (1) leaving coating is the original size size of rill section configuration.Directly read rill section width and the area (area number grid technique is determined) of different depth as required.
In water and soil conservation field, rill erosion is one of extremely important erosion processes, there is status of crucial importance in the erosion caused by sloping surfaces, it is the important object of international soil erosion study, Rill Erosion is studied, and be unable to do without the measurement for the morphological parameters of rill, rill section configuration and width had both reflected the size of scouring amount of soil, can affect again the feature of Wash flow in rill, be very important parameter in rill research simultaneously.The method of this parameter manually measures the section of rill in the past, section configuration and size due to rill be one continuous change irregularly shaped, therefore, between the result of measurement and actual value, have comparatively big error.Present method solves the deficiency of conventional method measuring error comparatively greatly and to the disturbance of rill section, there is method simple, measure advantage fast and accurately, be deep understanding and announcement Rill Erosion process and mechanism, provide a kind of advanced method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is panel 1 structural representation of the device that the present invention adopts;
Fig. 2 is framework 2 structural representation of the device that the present invention adopts;
Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of the framework 2 of the device that the present invention adopts;
Fig. 4 is survey chi 3 structural representation of the device that the present invention adopts;
Fig. 5 is attachment screw 4 structural representation of the device that the present invention adopts.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The device that the method that rill section of the present invention accurately measures adopts, referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 5, comprises panel 1, framework 2, surveys chi 3, attachment screw 4.Panel 1 is the corrosion resistant plate that one piece of length and width L1 is 20cm, and its thickness is 2mm, and bottom is the inclined-plane of 45 °, so that insert in soil.Two sides of panel 1 are carved with respectively the mesh lines of 1 × 1cm, and carving the numeral of note 5,10,15 and 0 apart from the height of bottom 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and the center of bottom, are convenient to follow-up measurement.Framework 2 is "door" type frameworks that a stainless steel column of use 10 × 10mm is made, its inside dimension is 19.4cm × 19.7cm (wide L2 × high L3), with reference to figure 3,2mm is carved wide inside "door" type framework, the groove 22 that 3mm is dark, panel 1 inserts in the groove 22 of framework 2, on vertical two the stainless steel columns in the side of framework 2, be carved with the slideway 21 that the degree of depth and width are 3mm respectively apart from 3mm place, outside simultaneously, be 45 ° of inclined-planes bottom framework 2, so that insert in soil.Survey chi 3 is width is the stainless steel rule of 2cm, and its minimum scale is 1mm, and centre is labeled as 0, increases to both sides numeral is symmetrical gradually.Be connected at two ends attachment screw 4 on the slideway 21 of device 2 both sides, can slide up and down.Attachment screw 4 shape and slideway 21 coordinate, and survey chi 3 and framework 2 for connecting.
During use, panel 1 is inserted in the groove 22 of framework 2, insert rill section gently at rill section upper vertical channel direction to be measured.Stopping after 2-3cm below minimum point until vertically inserting bottom rill bottom panel 1, survey chi 3 being put down along slideway 21, makes its cross-arm on rill, connecting with earth's surface, rill both sides.Reading rill 2 marginal points respectively surveying the reading on chi 3, being then added, being the uppermost width dimensions of rill (can mm be accurate to).
If need the width measuring rill differing heights position, with spray gun, to surveying, panel 1 exposed in the rill of chi less than 3 is upper sprays the colored rapid-curing cutback coating having notable difference with soil property color.After coating is completely dry and hard, the device inserted in soil is slowly extracted along the opposite direction inserted.Now, namely part panel 1 leaving coating is the original size size of rill section configuration.Directly read rill section width (can be as accurate as mm with survey chi 3) and the area (area number grid technique is determined) of different depth as required.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the method that accurately measures of rill section, is characterized in that, the device of employing comprises panel (1), framework (2), surveys chi (3), attachment screw (4); Panel (1) is the corrosion resistant plate that one piece of length and width is 20cm, and its thickness is 2mm, and bottom is the inclined-plane of 45 °; Two sides of panel (1) are carved with respectively the mesh lines of 1 × 1cm, and are carving the numeral of note 5,10,15 and 0 apart from the height of bottom 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and the center of bottom; Framework (2) is the "door" type framework that a stainless steel column of use 10 × 10mm is made, its inside dimension is wide 19.4cm × high 19.7cm, 2mm is carved wide inside "door" type framework, the groove (22) that 3mm is dark, panel (1) inserts in the groove (22) of framework (2), two stainless steel columns that the side of framework (2) is vertical are carved with the slideway (21) that the degree of depth and width are 3mm respectively apart from 3mm place, outside, be 45 ° of inclined-planes bottom framework (2); Survey chi (3) is a width is the stainless steel rule of 2cm, and its minimum scale is 1mm, and centre is labeled as 0, increases to both sides numeral is symmetrical gradually; To survey chi (3) in survey chi (3) two ends attachment screw (4) is connected on the slideway (21) of framework (2) both sides; Attachment screw (4) shape and slideway (21) coordinate, and survey chi (3) and framework (2) for connecting; During measurement, panel (1) is inserted in the groove (22) of framework (2), rill section is inserted gently at rill section upper vertical channel direction to be measured, vertically insert bottom rill until panel (1) bottom and stop after 2-3cm below minimum point, chi (3) will be surveyed put down along slideway (21), make its cross-arm on rill, connect with earth's surface, rill both sides, read rill (2) individual marginal point respectively and survey the reading on chi (3), then be added, be the uppermost width dimensions of rill; When measuring the width of rill differing heights position, the colored rapid-curing cutback coating of notable difference is had to surveying spraying and soil property color on panel (1) face exposed in chi (3) rill below with spray gun, after coating is completely dry and hard, the device inserted in soil is slowly extracted along the opposite direction inserted, now, namely part panel (1) leaving coating is the original size size of rill section configuration, directly reads rill section width and the area of different depth as required.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210214468.1A CN102721349B (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-06-25 | Method for precisely measuring cross section of rill |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210214468.1A CN102721349B (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-06-25 | Method for precisely measuring cross section of rill |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102721349A CN102721349A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| CN102721349B true CN102721349B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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| CN201210214468.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102721349B (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-06-25 | Method for precisely measuring cross section of rill |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102288741B (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2014-05-07 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for rapidly measuring rill erodibility of soil |
| CN102967250B (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2015-09-30 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of land area measuring instrument |
| CN107727152B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2024-01-30 | 长江水利委员会长江流域水土保持监测中心站 | Automatic field soil erosion monitoring device and monitoring method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4510798A (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1985-04-16 | Trw Inc. | Shallow junction depth measurement method |
| CN201059933Y (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2008-05-14 | 福建师范大学 | Dome groove measurement mechanism |
| CN201188011Y (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2009-01-28 | 刘禹琪 | Apparatus for measuring and controlling soil erosion |
| CN201514213U (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2010-06-23 | 刘连友 | Microrelief section tester |
-
2012
- 2012-06-25 CN CN201210214468.1A patent/CN102721349B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4510798A (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1985-04-16 | Trw Inc. | Shallow junction depth measurement method |
| CN201059933Y (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2008-05-14 | 福建师范大学 | Dome groove measurement mechanism |
| CN201188011Y (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2009-01-28 | 刘禹琪 | Apparatus for measuring and controlling soil erosion |
| CN201514213U (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2010-06-23 | 刘连友 | Microrelief section tester |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 细沟侵蚀量测算方法的探讨;郑粉莉;《水土保持通报》;19890831;第9卷(第4期);41-45 * |
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| CN102721349A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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