CN102719900A - Extruding and covering method of diameter-reducing screw melt extrusion machine - Google Patents

Extruding and covering method of diameter-reducing screw melt extrusion machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102719900A
CN102719900A CN201210219692XA CN201210219692A CN102719900A CN 102719900 A CN102719900 A CN 102719900A CN 201210219692X A CN201210219692X A CN 201210219692XA CN 201210219692 A CN201210219692 A CN 201210219692A CN 102719900 A CN102719900 A CN 102719900A
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Prior art keywords
diameter
fusion
drying
extruding
crystallizing
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CN201210219692XA
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Chinese (zh)
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倪建华
王依民
朱卫彪
邹黎明
王燕萍
甘海啸
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Donghua University
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Donghua University
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Abstract

The invention provides an extruding and covering method of a diameter-reducing screw melt extrusion machine and particularly relates to the extruding and covering method of an integral diameter-reducing screw melt extrusion machine. The extruding and covering method of the integral diameter-reducing screw melt extrusion machine comprises the following steps that the extrusion machine is divided into four regions including a feed pre-crystallizing and drying region, a pre-melting air exhausting region, a melting region and a compression metering region from front to back; the barrels of the feed pre-crystallizing and drying region, the melting region and the compression metering region are cylindrical and the barrel of the pre-melting air exhausting region is conical; and the diameter of the barrel of the melting region is the same as the diameter of the barrel of the compression metering region, and is less than the diameter of the barrel of the feed pre-crystallizing and drying region. The temperature for pre-crystallizing and drying the feed is controlled to be lower than a raw material smelting point of 100-180 DEG C; and the temperature for pre-melting and exhausting is controlled to be lower than the raw material smelting point of 3-20 DEG C. According to the extruding and covering method of the diameter-reducing screw melt extrusion machine, the drying and the pre-crystallizing of raw materials in an extruding process can be uniform and water and low-molecular-weight substances in the raw materials can be sufficiently discharged, so that the extruding and covering method is particularly suitable for preparing covering yarns.

Description

A kind of diameter progressive screw melt extrudes the method for coating of extruding of machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for coating of extruding that a kind of diameter progressive screw melt extrudes machine.
Background technology
The coating cotton thread structure is similar with enamel-covered wire; Be a kind of at a bundle fiber (for example PET fiber, PP fiber etc.) when being connected the compound die head that melt extrudes the machine end through one; The polymer of molten condition is extruded, is coated on this bundle fiber through screw rod, and the cooling back forms clad (common clad polymer has PVC, PE, PP, PA etc.); Wherein fiber is given very high intensity of coating cotton thread and modulus, has performances such as fire-retardant, wear-resisting when clad makes coating cotton thread have gay colours again.After the coating cotton thread braiding, the lining of processing through heat bonding is widely used in fields such as hotel's meal pad, outdoor sunshade, sandy beach screen cloth, interior decoration, anti-slip carpet, curtain.But in polymer processing; A lot of high polymers can cause material property under the situation that moisture exists and have a strong impact on; Particularly prepare in the process at coating cotton thread, if do not remove moisture and the low molecular weight substance in the raw material, clad has a large amount of bubbles; This very easily causes causing the clad fracture phenomena in coating cotton thread braiding and the heat bonding process, therefore need before carrying out screw extruder, need carry out drying to raw material.If adopt conventional raw material drying method, need take up room, cause the energy, space, the waste of resources such as manpower.
In order to remove the moisture in the raw material, the correlative study personnel have designed conical screw extruder.Conical screw extruder can effectively be avoided settling outside the drying device, can also reach other excellent results, can be used as the coating extruder of coating cotton thread.Mentioning the equidirectional rotation in machine barrel of two conical screws in the patent 200820083445, to make that raw material plastifies in machine barrel more even, and shear rate is higher, makes the plasticizing capacity of machine promote greatly; 200820083446.5 200820083437,201020680116.1 and 200820083522.2 have all mentioned the conical screw that the conical double-screw comminutor adopts different effective L D ratios, and the plasticizing capacity of machine promoted significantly, have reduced energy consumption simultaneously; Produce conical screw extruder 200920115973.4 mention a kind of ABS of being highly suitable for granulation, relate to a kind of existing pair of conical screw extruder that granulation unit in rank carries out the granulation of PVC CABLE MATERIALS that substitute among the 200820083447.X; 200910031147.6 200910031148.0 and 200920039879.5 have proposed a kind of special-purpose conical screw extruder of polyolefin that can improve the mixing and plasticizing effect of polyolefine material jointly; 99808830.7 disclose the Coinjection molding apparatus and the injection moulding method of a kind of rubber, plastics machinery; 200820056183.9 relate to a kind of conical screw extruder that can carry out extrusion molding processing to the fluffy materials polymer; 201020548822.0 mention a kind of taper single screw extrusion machine, material more steadily extruded easily with parallel screw head section.
But before the screw rod that relates to of the conical screw extruder in the patent otherwise be from be fed to extrude complete section tapered, or be that the screw rod back segment is a parallel construction (patent No.: 201020548822.0).Extrude complete section for pyramidal structure can form melt propelling instability from being fed to, this will have a strong impact on the uniform in thickness property of clad; And adopt spiro rod rear end is that parallel construction can make melt extrude to become even; But the full section 2/3rds of visible its screw rod still is the charging of taper, melt zone from diagram; Have only three/part to be parallel extruding zone, this structure is favourable to plastic extruding forming.But to used pellet or the powder of clad; The preparatory crystallization of its charging and vacuum exhaust are dry must be very evenly; Because the erratic fluctuations of the preparatory crystallization of clad raw material and moisture content will inevitably influence the back and compress the stability of metering section melt, thereby has influence on the uniformity of clad and the adhesion strength of clad and fiber.Can guarantee again fully to get rid of moisture in the raw material when prior art is difficult to guarantee the drying of raw material in extrusion and crystallization is evenly carried out in advance, and patent art can effectively solve this aspect deficiency of prior art.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the method for coating of extruding that a kind of diameter progressive screw melt extrudes machine.
A kind of diameter progressive screw of the present invention melt extrudes the method for coating of extruding of machine; Describedly extrude that method for coating comprises continuously successively that the clad polymer accomplishes in diameter progressive screw that preparatory crystallizing and drying, pre-fusion are bled, fusion, compression metering; Then the clad polymer melt is extruded through the compound die nose cone seam of diameter progressive screw end; Be coated on the bundle fiber that compound die head centre bore draws, cooling at last makes coating cotton thread; The preparatory crystals dried temperature of described charging is controlled at and is lower than 100~180 ℃ of raw material fusing points, and the temperature that described pre-fusion is bled is controlled at and is lower than 3~20 ℃ of raw materials melt temperature; Described pre-fusion exhaust area divergent-cone wall is equipped with 4~16 exhaust outlets; It is described that to extrude the extruder that method for coating adopts be the integral type diameter progressive screw extruder that is divided into the preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district, pre-fusion exhaust area, melting zone and four sections of compression metering zone from front to back; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district cylindrical shell is cylindrical; Described pre-fusion exhaust area cylindrical shell is conical; Described melting zone cylindrical shell is cylindrical; Described compression metering zone cylindrical shell is cylindrical; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district barrel diameter is greater than described melting zone barrel diameter; The melting zone barrel diameter is identical with compression metering zone barrel diameter; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district accounts for 30~40% of total spiro rod length; Described pre-fusion exhaust area accounts for 10~15% of total spiro rod length; Described melting zone accounts for 10~15% of total spiro rod length; The outside cone angle angular range of the divergent-cone wall of described pre-fusion exhaust area is 3~20 degree.
Aforesaid a kind of diameter progressive screw melt extrudes the method for coating of extruding of machine, and the preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district cylindrical shell is 1.5:1~3:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone cylindrical shell.
As above a kind of diameter progressive screw melt extrudes the method for coating of extruding of machine, and the exhaust outlet aperture on the described pre-fusion exhaust area cylindrical shell is 3~12mm.
Beneficial effect
1. this method is saved huge drying equipment before the preparation of polymer-extruded coating cotton thread, practices thrift factory floor space, saves resource and cost.
2. the characteristics of diameter progressive screw are that the feed zone screw diameter is big; Thread groove is more shallow relatively; Heating surface area is big; Help the preheating and drying of high polymer (powder, pellet) or in advance crystallization, thereby and raw material be heated and evenly make the preparatory crystallization of raw material with softening more even, improve the uniformity of clad when can reduce the clad air entrapment.The place offers exhaust outlet at taper diameter progressive screw barrel, and temperature can satisfy makes raw material softening, because pyramidal structure forms bigger pressure at the conical section inwall, more helps the eliminating of moisture and low molecular weight substance, improves the adhesion strength of clad and fiber.
3. in the system of the screw rod of a reducing, accomplish the preparatory crystallization of preheating and drying is bled, fusion, compression metering; Technological process is shortened; Avoided twice moisture absorption; Make that to extrude raw material more uniform and stable, when reducing the clad air entrapment, improve the uniformity of clad and the adhesion strength of clad and fiber.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the diameter progressive screw structural representation that a kind of diameter progressive screw of the present invention melt extrudes machine
Wherein 1 is the preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district; The 2nd, the pre-fusion exhaust area; The 3rd, melting zone; The 4th, the compression metering zone; 5 machine barrels; The 6th, diameter progressive screw; The 7th, exhaust outlet.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in the restriction scope of the present invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can do various changes or modification to the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
A kind of diameter progressive screw of the present invention melt extrudes the method for coating of extruding of machine; Describedly extrude that method for coating comprises continuously successively that the clad polymer accomplishes in diameter progressive screw that preparatory crystallizing and drying, pre-fusion are bled, fusion, compression metering; Then the clad polymer melt is extruded and is coated on the bundle fiber that compound die head centre bore draws through the compound die nose cone of diameter progressive screw end seam, cooling at last makes coating cotton thread; The preparatory crystals dried temperature of described charging is controlled at and is lower than 100~180 ℃ of raw material fusing points; The temperature that described pre-fusion is bled is controlled at and is lower than 3~20 ℃ of raw materials melt temperature; Describedly extrude the extruder that method for coating adopts; Accompanying drawing is the diameter progressive screw structural representation that a kind of diameter progressive screw of the present invention melt extrudes machine; Mainly containing diameter progressive screw 6 and form with machine barrel 5, is the integral type diameter progressive screw extruder that is divided into the preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district 1, pre-fusion exhaust area 2, melting zone 3 and 4 four sections of compression metering zone from front to back; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district 1 cylindrical shell is cylindrical; Described pre-fusion exhaust area 2 cylindrical shells are conical; Described melting zone 3 cylindrical shells are cylindrical; Described compression metering zone 4 cylindrical shells are cylindrical; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district 1 barrel diameter is greater than described melting zone 3 barrel diameters, and melting zone 3 barrel diameters are identical with compression metering zone 4 barrel diameters; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district 1 accounts for 30~40% of total spiro rod length; Described pre-fusion exhaust area 2 accounts for 10~15% of total spiro rod length; Described melting zone 3 accounts for 10~15% of total spiro rod length; The outside cone angle angular range of the divergent-cone wall of described pre-fusion exhaust area 2 is 3~20 degree.
Aforesaid a kind of diameter progressive screw melt extrudes the method for coating of extruding of machine, and the preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district 1 cylindrical shell is 1.5:1~3:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone 3 cylindrical shells.
As above a kind of diameter progressive screw melt extrudes the method for coating of extruding of machine, and described pre-fusion exhaust area 2 divergent-cone walls are equipped with 4~16 exhaust outlets 7; Exhaust outlet 7 apertures on described pre-fusion exhaust area 2 cylindrical shells are 3~12mm.
Embodiment 1
Adopt a kind of diameter progressive screw to melt extrude the method for coating of extruding of machine; With fusing point is that 265 ℃, moisture content are that the PET pellet of 102ppm melt extrudes; Wherein the outside cone angle angular range of divergent-cone wall is 20 degree; The ratio that the pre-fusion exhaust area accounts for whole screw rod is 15%, and the crystallizing and drying district accounts for 40% of total spiro rod length in advance, and melting zone accounts for 10% of total spiro rod length; The preparatory crystals dried temperature of charging is controlled at 100~130 ℃, and the temperature that pre-fusion is bled is controlled at 260 ℃; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district cylindrical shell is 3:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone cylindrical shell; Pre-fusion exhaust area divergent-cone wall is equipped with 16 exhaust outlets, and exhaust outlet aperture 12mm, exhaust outlet connect vacuum extractor, is 25ppm melt extruding the moisture content that machine machine mouth obtains PET; Load onto compound die head, be coated on a branch of aramid fiber 1313 fiber, clad is observed in the cooling back does not have the bubble existence, and clad and fiber bonding are good, do not find the clad fracture phenomena in the back process.
Embodiment 2
Adopt a kind of diameter progressive screw to melt extrude the method for coating of extruding of machine; With fusing point is that 260 ℃, moisture content are that the PBT pellet of 80ppm melt extrudes, and wherein the outside cone angle angular range of divergent-cone wall is 10 degree, and the ratio that the pre-fusion exhaust area accounts for whole screw rod is 13%; The crystallizing and drying district accounts for 40% of total spiro rod length in advance; Melting zone accounts for 15% of total spiro rod length, and the preparatory crystals dried temperature of charging is controlled at 80~110 ℃, and the temperature that pre-fusion is bled is controlled at 255 ± 2 ℃; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district cylindrical shell is 2:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone cylindrical shell; Pre-fusion exhaust area divergent-cone wall is equipped with 8 exhaust outlets, and exhaust outlet aperture 6mm is 23ppm melt extruding the moisture content that machine machine mouth obtains PBT; Load onto compound die head, be coated on a branch of aramid fiber 1313 fiber, clad is observed in the cooling back does not have the bubble existence basically, and clad and fiber bonding are good, do not find the clad fracture phenomena in the back process.
Embodiment 3
Adopt a kind of diameter progressive screw to melt extrude the method for coating of extruding of machine; With fusing point is that 290 ℃, moisture content are that thermotropic liquid crystal polyarylate (TLCP) pellet of 50ppm melt extrudes; Wherein the outside cone angle angular range of divergent-cone wall is 8 degree; The ratio that the pre-fusion exhaust area accounts for whole screw rod is 15%, and the crystallizing and drying district accounts for 40% of total spiro rod length in advance, and melting zone accounts for 13% of total spiro rod length; The preparatory crystals dried temperature of charging is controlled at 150~170 ℃, and the temperature that pre-fusion is bled is controlled at 285 ℃; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district cylindrical shell is 2:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone cylindrical shell; Pre-fusion exhaust area divergent-cone wall is equipped with 12 exhaust outlets, and exhaust outlet aperture 3mm is 27ppm at the moisture content that melt extrudes the TLCP that machine machine mouth go out to obtain; Load onto compound die head, be coated on a branch of aramid fiber 1313 fiber, it is few and little that the clad bubble is observed in the cooling back, and clad and fiber bonding are good, do not find the clad fracture phenomena in the back process.
Embodiment 4
Adopt a kind of diameter progressive screw to melt extrude the method for coating of extruding of machine; With fusing point is that 255 ℃, moisture content are that the PTT pellet of 70ppm melt extrudes, and wherein the outside cone angle angular range of divergent-cone wall is 3 degree, and the ratio that the pre-fusion exhaust area accounts for whole screw rod is 10%; The crystallizing and drying district accounts for 30% of total spiro rod length in advance; Melting zone accounts for 15% of total spiro rod length, and the preparatory crystals dried temperature of charging is controlled at 120~140 ℃, and the temperature that pre-fusion is bled is controlled at 245 ± 2 ℃; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district cylindrical shell is 1.5:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone cylindrical shell; Pre-fusion exhaust area divergent-cone wall is equipped with 4 exhaust outlets, and exhaust outlet aperture 8mm, exhaust outlet connect vacuum extractor, is 25ppm at the moisture content that melt extrudes the PTT that machine machine mouth goes out to obtain; Load onto compound die head, be coated on a branch of aramid fiber 1313 fiber, clad is observed in the cooling back does not have the bubble existence basically, and clad and fiber bonding are good, do not find the clad fracture phenomena in the back process.
Embodiment 5
Adopt a kind of diameter progressive screw to melt extrude the method for coating of extruding of machine; With fusing point is that 235 ℃, moisture content are that the PA6 pellet of 125ppm melt extrudes, and wherein the outside cone angle angular range of divergent-cone wall is 5 degree, and the ratio that the pre-fusion exhaust area accounts for whole screw rod is 15%; The crystallizing and drying district accounts for 40% of total spiro rod length in advance; Melting zone accounts for 15% of total spiro rod length, and the preparatory crystals dried temperature of charging is controlled at 120~130 ℃, and the temperature that pre-fusion is bled is controlled at 230 ℃; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district cylindrical shell is 3:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone cylindrical shell; Pre-fusion exhaust area divergent-cone wall is equipped with 4 exhaust outlets, and exhaust outlet aperture 3mm, exhaust outlet connect vacuum extractor, is 20ppm at the moisture content that melt extrudes the PA6 that machine machine mouth goes out to obtain; Load onto compound die head, be coated on a branch of aramid fiber 1313 fiber, clad is observed in the cooling back does not have the bubble existence, and clad and fiber bonding are good, do not find the clad fracture phenomena in the back process.
Embodiment 6
Adopt a kind of diameter progressive screw to melt extrude the method for coating of extruding of machine; With fusing point is that 252 ℃, moisture content are that the PA66 pellet of 130ppm melt extrudes, and wherein the outside cone angle angular range of divergent-cone wall is 3 degree, and the ratio that the pre-fusion exhaust area accounts for whole screw rod is 10%; The crystallizing and drying district accounts for 35% of total spiro rod length in advance; Melting zone accounts for 15% of total spiro rod length, and the preparatory crystals dried temperature of charging is controlled at 120~150 ℃, and the temperature that pre-fusion is bled is controlled at 235 ± 3 ℃; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district cylindrical shell is 1.5:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone cylindrical shell; Pre-fusion exhaust area divergent-cone wall is equipped with 10 exhaust outlets, and exhaust outlet aperture 6mm is 30ppm at the moisture content that melt extrudes the PA66 that machine machine mouth go out to obtain; Load onto compound die head, be coated on a branch of aramid fiber 1313 fiber, clad is observed in the cooling back does not have the bubble existence, and clad and fiber bonding are good, do not find the clad fracture phenomena in the back process.
Embodiment 7
Adopt a kind of diameter progressive screw to melt extrude the method for coating of extruding of machine; With fusing point is that 132 ℃, moisture content are that the PVC pellet of 62ppm melt extrudes, and wherein the outside cone angle angular range of divergent-cone wall is 10 degree, and the ratio that the pre-fusion exhaust area accounts for whole screw rod is 15%; The crystallizing and drying district accounts for 35% of total spiro rod length in advance; Melting zone accounts for 15% of total spiro rod length, and the preparatory crystals dried temperature of charging is controlled at 80 ℃, and the temperature that pre-fusion is bled is controlled at 128 ℃; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district cylindrical shell is 2:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone cylindrical shell; Pre-fusion exhaust area divergent-cone wall is equipped with 12 exhaust outlets, and exhaust outlet aperture 3mm is 23ppm at the moisture content that melt extrudes the PVC that machine machine mouth go out to obtain; Load onto compound die head, be coated on a branch of aramid fiber 1313 fiber, clad is observed in the cooling back does not have the bubble existence basically, and clad and fiber bonding are good, do not find the clad fracture phenomena in the back process.

Claims (3)

1. a diameter progressive screw melt extrudes the method for coating of extruding of machine; It is characterized in that: describedly extrude that method for coating comprises continuously successively that the clad polymer accomplishes in diameter progressive screw that preparatory crystallizing and drying, pre-fusion are bled, fusion, compression metering; Then the clad polymer melt is extruded through the compound die nose cone seam of diameter progressive screw end; Be coated on the bundle fiber that compound die head centre bore draws, cooling at last makes coating cotton thread; Describedly extrude that method for coating comprises continuously successively that the preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging, pre-fusion are bled, fusion, compression metering and extruding coat five stages; The preparatory crystals dried temperature of described charging is controlled at and is lower than 100~180 ℃ of raw material fusing points, and the temperature that described pre-fusion is bled is controlled at and is lower than 3~20 ℃ of raw materials melt temperature; Described pre-fusion exhaust area divergent-cone wall is equipped with 4~16 exhaust outlets; It is described that to extrude the extruder that method for coating adopts be the integral type diameter progressive screw extruder that is divided into the preparatory crystallizing and drying of charging district, pre-fusion exhaust area, melting zone and four sections of compression metering zone from front to back; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district cylindrical shell is cylindrical; Described pre-fusion exhaust area cylindrical shell is conical; Described melting zone cylindrical shell is cylindrical; Described compression metering zone cylindrical shell is cylindrical, and the preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district barrel diameter is greater than described melting zone barrel diameter, and the melting zone barrel diameter is identical with compression metering zone barrel diameter; The preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district accounts for 30~40% of total spiro rod length; Described pre-fusion exhaust area accounts for 10~15% of total spiro rod length; Described melting zone accounts for 10~15% of total spiro rod length; The outside cone angle angular range of the divergent-cone wall of described pre-fusion exhaust area is 3~20 degree;
2. a kind of diameter progressive screw according to claim 1 melt extrudes the method for coating of extruding of machine, it is characterized in that, the preparatory crystallizing and drying of described charging district cylindrical shell is 1.5:1~3:1 with the diameter ratio of described melting zone cylindrical shell.
3. melt extrude the method for coating of extruding of machine according to claim 1 diameter progressive screw, it is characterized in that the exhaust outlet aperture on the described pre-fusion exhaust area cylindrical shell is 3~12mm.
CN201210219692XA 2012-06-28 2012-06-28 Extruding and covering method of diameter-reducing screw melt extrusion machine Pending CN102719900A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104562352A (en) * 2014-12-16 2015-04-29 周劲松 Coated yarn for harness protection

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201120676Y (en) * 2007-10-19 2008-09-24 东莞市蓝冠机械设备有限公司 Reproduction grain-making machine for highly foaming plastic

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201120676Y (en) * 2007-10-19 2008-09-24 东莞市蓝冠机械设备有限公司 Reproduction grain-making machine for highly foaming plastic

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104562352A (en) * 2014-12-16 2015-04-29 周劲松 Coated yarn for harness protection

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Application publication date: 20121010