CN102718521A - Method of using coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agent - Google Patents
Method of using coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN102718521A CN102718521A CN2012102013670A CN201210201367A CN102718521A CN 102718521 A CN102718521 A CN 102718521A CN 2012102013670 A CN2012102013670 A CN 2012102013670A CN 201210201367 A CN201210201367 A CN 201210201367A CN 102718521 A CN102718521 A CN 102718521A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of using coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agent. The method includes: mixing coal gangue, alumina powder, barium carbonate and alumina chopped fibers, adding the mixture into gum aqueous solution to be subjected to uniform mixing and wet grinding to form mixed slurry, using a pressure atomizing granulator for granulating, putting particles into an alumina crucible which is positioned in a silicon carbide rod resistance furnace, heating from the room temperature to 1230 DEG C at the speed of 5 DE G C/min-10 DE G C/min, preserving heat for 0.5-1h, heating to 1350-1400 DE GC at the speed of 5 DE G C/min-7 DE G C/min, preserving heat for 2-3h, taking out after natural furnace cooling, and screening with a 20mesh-40mesh sieve to obtain the composite fracturing propping agent. The alumina chopped fibers are introduced, the concept of composite materials is integrated into the noncompact ceramsite propping agent, and fibers (whiskers) necessary for strength and toughness improvement are provided by means of self-generation in high-temperature reaction, and the composite fracturing propping agent which is high in strength and toughness and low in density and breakage rate is prepared by means of fiber enhancement and particle enhancement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing industrial waste to prepare ceramic composite, particularly a kind of method of utilizing coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agents.
Background technology
Fracturing propping agents are as an emerging industry, and are not long at China's development time, and its product structure and kind are still far from perfect, and the process scale of industry and level all are in the developmental stage at initial stage.Most of fld belongs to moderate depth, requires fracturing propping agents to have HS, low percentage of damage, to bear the various corrosion in huge pressure in rock stratum and the ground environment.In the world more adopt the alundum goods as in, deep-seated oil gas field fracturing propping agents, though this goods on physicochemical property, can meet the demands, the raw material sources difficulty, complete processing is complicated, and energy consumption is big, cost is high, and its application is restricted.The closed fracturing material of the nonpetroleum deep-well that forms with ceramic sintering method sintering; Be natural siliceous sand, coat in composite particles, glass sphere, the Metal Ball etc., the substitute of low strength propping agent; Have intensity height, low density characteristics, thereby become one of research focus of petrochemical complex material.Current, the subject matter that the fracturing propping agents haydite faces is how under hot conditions, to improve its comprehensive mechanical property through control chemical ingredients and microstructure, effectively reduces the fragility of material, to improve the practical application effect of this material.
Existing propping agent haydite preparation method has meltblown method, organism to coat solidification method, sintering process etc.
Tang Minhui etc. [Research of Support Grains for Oil Well [J]. HarBin Building University's journal; 1995; 28 (4): 73-76] with Irish touchstone be the furnace charge of main raw material preparation,, be developed into pyroxene type microcrystal silicon hydrochlorate pearl body through fusing, special one-tenth pearl and thermal treatment process.Patent discloses " a kind of Selid propping agent and method of manufacture thereof " (characteristics such as Zhousheng is military, and application number: 89102544.8), uses bauxitic clay to be main raw material, through the balling-up of electric arc furnace meltblown, have the ultimate compression strength height, percentage of damage is low, and the moderate and cost of density is low.Although the propping agent of meltblown method preparation is used in reality to some extent,, prepare ceramsite propping agent with this method and have defectives such as energy consumption is high, balling-up is wayward, proppant strength is low, seldom be used at present.
Organism coat solidification method be with organic binder bond as solidifying agent, be raw material with artificial or natural powder, adhesive solidification is unburned to form, though intensity is low, density is little, has certain characteristics.Sun Hu, Wang Yi send out patent (application number 200710188410) " preparation method of low-density propping agent and preparation technology "; Zhou Fujian patent (application number 201010278084) " a kind of fiber composite sand prevention material and preparation method thereof "; Utilize vegetable fibre or organic fibrous material as raw material respectively, organic curing is unburned forms type or mixes the effect of playing the sand prevention Oil Guide in the fracturing liquid.This series products is not to be proppant in high intensity truly.
Have the investigator to prepare fracturing propping agents with FMS-△ G type, FMS-(R) type resin coating method in addition, its product increases aspect crisp subtracting, but obviously aspect intensity, has defective.
Sintering process is to adopt Ceramic Material and traditional ceramic process to prepare the technology of fine and close ceramsite propping agent.The existing many documents of development and the patent report that prepare the oil fracturing ceramsite propping agent with raw mineral materialss such as bauxitic clays.Gao Haili etc. [development of high-strength petroleum fracturing propping agent [J]. pottery, 2006, (10): 43-46] be main raw material with the local two beach bauxitic clays of Flos Bombacis Malabarici, bauxitic clay raw material and high-titanium blast furnace slag, be developed into high-strength petroleum fracturing propping agent.Patent such as Zhao Shiao, Wu Bailin (application number 201010143771.8), " a kind of preparation method who does not have silicon or low-silicon acidproof ceramic fracturing propping agent "; Patents such as Tian Xiaorang (application number 200710168057) " a kind of preparation method of acid-resistant pressing crack supporting agent "; R. patent such as Dien Ke Er, M. Ai Mengzi (application number 200580030660.3) " sintered spherical pellets " etc. adopts sintering process respectively; With bauxitic clay or aluminum oxide is major ingredient; Add feldspar, titanium oxide or contain barium carbonate or bar fusing assistant; Prepare high-strength low close propping agent, improved the intensity and the acid fastness of material.Sintering process still is the main stream approach for preparing propping agent at present.
Prepare propping agent with sintering process; The major ingredient that adopts is a bauxitic clay, and this is a waste greatly to the fine resource, therefore; With solid waste vast scale substitution of Al alumina cheaply, preparation pressure break ceramsite propping agent is the inexorable trend of home and abroad technical progress and development.This has report on the one hand: Li Qing dimension patent (application number 201010552791.0) " a kind of petroleum propping agent that utilizes the oil shale waste preparation and preparation method thereof " has substituted the part bauxitic clay with oil shale waste and has prepared the propping agent that meets GB.Yin Guoxun etc. [utilize industrial solid wastes such as red mud to prepare haydite [J]. Institutes Of Technology Of He'nan's journal (natural science edition), 2008,27 (4): 491-496].Tian Xiaorang patent (application number 200710137758.X) " utilizes red mud to prepare the method for acid-resistant pressing crack supporting agent ".Open and pass magnesium patent (application number 02134274.1) " ceramic slag haydite and preparation method thereof ".Zhang Yujun patent (application number 200910015979.9) " a kind of high-strength compress supporting agent for coarse oil and preparation method thereof " utilizes the petroleum fracturing propping agent of the ceramic rod waste material preparation of high alumina content to have high-strength, acid proof characteristics.Li Qinghai patent (application number 200910023599.X) " a kind of petroleum fracturing propping agent that adds coal gangue " utilizes coal gangue, bauxitic clay and other breeze to prepare the propping agent haydite.Form fiber (whisker) but introduce in its preparation process or pass through pyroreaction, thus synthetic compound propping agent haydite.
The quality of propping agent haydite performance depends on the internal microstructure of product, to the existing understanding fully of this investigator, and has carried out some useful explorations.Lee accounts for firm patent (application number CN201010136972.5) " low-density ceramic proppant and preparation method thereof "; Change molding mode, utilize the ingenious mode of multilayer cladding, synthetic propping agent with nodular enhancement type of inner core and shell; Product performance have been improved; But molding mode is too complicated, handling not strong, has influenced suitability for industrialized production and the prospect of applying.
At present; Low-density high-strength hangs down the crisp corrosion-resistant main research tendency of propping agent haydite that becomes, and for realizing this goal, in the propping agent prescription, has introduced different high temperature fusing assistants and has optimized the mode of haydite moulding; Improved the mechanical property of propping agent to a certain extent; Improve the acid resistance and the salt tolerance of material, however, still can not fundamentally solve the shortcoming of ceramsite propping agent mechanical property relatively poor (fragility is bigger).
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art and means; A kind of method of utilizing coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agents is provided; Fracturing propping agents by preparing method's preparation of the present invention are compound fracturing propping agents of a kind of high-strength and high ductility, low density and LB rate; Make this product can be applied in, in the profound pressure break environment, realize the final purpose of frscturing.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
1) coal gangue and aluminum oxide powder are put into ball mill for dry grinding respectively, cross 120 mesh sieves then respectively;
2) coal gangue after sieving 40%～55% by mass percentage, 35%～45% aluminum oxide powder, 3%～8% barium carbonate and 5%～10% aluminum oxide chopped strand mix compound and compound is put into ball mill to add mass concentration again be 10% gummy aqueous solution mixing wet-milling; Form mixing mud, mud is crossed 300 mesh sieves;
3) the back mud that will sieve adopts the granulation of press spray tablets press, and the spheroidal particle that granulation forms is crossed 18 orders and 30 mesh sieves, the screenings particle between two sieves is collected waited to burn;
4) particle to be burnt is put into alumina crucible, and place in the globars resistance furnace, be warming up to 1230 ℃ from room temperature with the rate of heating of 5 ℃/min～10 ℃/min; Insulation 0.5h～1h; Rate of heating with 5 ℃/min～7 ℃/min is warming up to 1350 ℃～1400 ℃, and insulation 2h～3h is with taking out behind the stove naturally cooling; Cross 20 orders～40 mesh sieves, promptly get the composite fracturing propping agent.
Said step 1) dry grinding is to utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium, and the mass ratio of control abrading-ball and raw material is (2～3): 1, and difference ball milling 0.5h～2h.
Said step 2) wet-milling is to utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium, and the mass ratio of control abrading-ball, compound and the gummy aqueous solution is (2～3): l: (0.3～0.4), grind 0.5h～3h.
Said step 3) granulation: the sponging granulator EAT is 300 ℃～500 ℃, and hot-blast furnace temperature is 600 ℃～800 ℃, and temperature of outgoing air is 80 ℃～95 ℃, and mud pressure is 1.2MPa～1.5MPa.
Aluminum oxide powder is that industrial Alpha-alumina is a lapis amiridis, its corundum content＞98%, and the powder grain is through＜10 μ m.
The alumina content of described aluminum oxide chopped strand is more than 95%, cut the fiber of the unidirectional extension of no slag of acquisition by the macrofiber weak point, and its diameter is at 15-20 μ m, and length is at 50-100 μ m.
The composite proppant haydite of institute of the present invention synthetic grain refining and disperseization is characterized in that: it is made up of matrix phase and wild phase two portions, and matrix is mutually mainly by quartz, celsian-felspar and a spot of glassy phase, pore phase composite; Wild phase is the corundum of grain refining, outer corundum fibers, the generated in-situ not Lay mineral wool phase of coming introduced.The moity of material than (weight %) is: wild phase 5-15%, matrix phase 85-95%.
The present invention introduces the aluminum oxide chopped strand; The theory of matrix material is integrated among the ceramsite propping agent of non-densification; And the mode that is aided with the pyroreaction self-generating provides and strengthens toughness reinforcing necessary fiber (whisker), prepares the compound fracturing propping agents of high-strength and high ductility, low density and LB rate through two kinds of means of fiber reinforcement and particle enhancing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for being the cross-section morphology figure of major ingredient in 1400 ℃ of sintered specimens with the coal gangue.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
Embodiment 1:
1) coal gangue and aluminum oxide powder are put into ball mill for dry grinding respectively, utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium, the mass ratio of control abrading-ball and raw material is 2: 1, and ball milling 0.5h～2h crosses 120 mesh sieves then respectively respectively;
2) coal gangue after sieving 40% by mass percentage, 45% aluminum oxide powder, 5% barium carbonate and 10% aluminum oxide chopped strand mix compound and compound is put into ball mill to add mass concentration again be that 10% gummy aqueous solution mixing utilizes the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium; The mass ratio of control abrading-ball, compound and the gummy aqueous solution is 2: l: 0.3; Grind 0.5h～3h and form mixing mud, mud is crossed 300 mesh sieves;
Wherein, aluminum oxide powder is that industrial Alpha-alumina is a lapis amiridis, its corundum content＞98%, and the powder grain is through＜10 μ m; The alumina content of aluminum oxide chopped strand is more than 95%, cut the fiber of the unidirectional extension of no slag of acquisition by the macrofiber weak point, and its diameter is at 15-20 μ m, and length is at 50-100 μ m;
3) will sieving afterwards, mud adopts the granulation of press spray tablets press; The sponging granulator EAT is 500 ℃; Hot-blast furnace temperature is 800 ℃, and temperature of outgoing air is 95 ℃, and mud pressure is 1.2MPa; The spheroidal particle that granulation forms is crossed 18 orders and 30 mesh sieves, the screenings particle between two sieves is collected waited to burn;
4) particle to be burnt is put into alumina crucible, and place in the globars resistance furnace, be warming up to 1230 ℃ from room temperature with the rate of heating of 5 ℃/min; Insulation 0.5h～1h; Rate of heating with 5 ℃/min is warming up to 1350 ℃, and insulation 2h～3h is with taking out behind the stove naturally cooling; Cross 20 orders～40 mesh sieves, promptly get the composite fracturing propping agent.
Embodiment 2:
1) coal gangue and aluminum oxide powder are put into ball mill for dry grinding respectively, utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium, the mass ratio of control abrading-ball and raw material is 2.5: 1, and ball milling 0.5h～2h crosses 120 mesh sieves then respectively respectively;
2) coal gangue after sieving 55% by mass percentage, 35% aluminum oxide powder, 3% barium carbonate and 7% aluminum oxide chopped strand mix compound and compound is put into ball mill to add mass concentration again be that 10% gummy aqueous solution mixing utilizes the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium; The mass ratio of control abrading-ball, compound and the gummy aqueous solution is 2.5: l: 0.35; Grind 0.5h～3h and form mixing mud, mud is crossed 300 mesh sieves;
Wherein, aluminum oxide powder is that industrial Alpha-alumina is a lapis amiridis, its corundum content＞98%, and the powder grain is through＜10 μ m; The alumina content of aluminum oxide chopped strand is more than 95%, cut the fiber of the unidirectional extension of no slag of acquisition by the macrofiber weak point, and its diameter is at 15-20 μ m, and length is at 50-100 μ m;
3) will sieving afterwards, mud adopts the granulation of press spray tablets press; The sponging granulator EAT is 300 ℃; Hot-blast furnace temperature is 600 ℃, and temperature of outgoing air is 80 ℃, and mud pressure is 1.4MPa; The spheroidal particle that granulation forms is crossed 18 orders and 30 mesh sieves, the screenings particle between two sieves is collected waited to burn;
4) particle to be burnt is put into alumina crucible, and place in the globars resistance furnace, be warming up to 1230 ℃ from room temperature with the rate of heating of 8 ℃/min; Insulation 0.5h～1h; Rate of heating with 6 ℃/min is warming up to 1380 ℃, and insulation 2h～3h is with taking out behind the stove naturally cooling; Cross 20 orders～40 mesh sieves, promptly get the composite fracturing propping agent.
Embodiment 3:
1) coal gangue and aluminum oxide powder are put into ball mill for dry grinding respectively, utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium, the mass ratio of control abrading-ball and raw material is 3: 1, and ball milling 0.5h～2h crosses 120 mesh sieves then respectively respectively;
2) coal gangue after sieving 45% by mass percentage, 40% aluminum oxide powder, 8% barium carbonate and 7% aluminum oxide chopped strand mix compound and compound is put into ball mill to add mass concentration again be that 10% gummy aqueous solution mixing utilizes the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium; The mass ratio of control abrading-ball, compound and the gummy aqueous solution is 3: l: 0.38; Grind 0.5h～3h and form mixing mud, mud is crossed 300 mesh sieves;
Wherein, aluminum oxide powder is that industrial Alpha-alumina is a lapis amiridis, its corundum content＞98%, and the powder grain is through＜10 μ m; The alumina content of aluminum oxide chopped strand is more than 95%, cut the fiber of the unidirectional extension of no slag of acquisition by the macrofiber weak point, and its diameter is at 15-20 μ m, and length is at 50-100 μ m;
3) will sieving afterwards, mud adopts the granulation of press spray tablets press; The sponging granulator EAT is 400 ℃; Hot-blast furnace temperature is 700 ℃, and temperature of outgoing air is 88 ℃, and mud pressure is 1.3MPa; The spheroidal particle that granulation forms is crossed 18 orders and 30 mesh sieves, the screenings particle between two sieves is collected waited to burn;
4) particle to be burnt is put into alumina crucible, and place in the globars resistance furnace, be warming up to 1230 ℃ from room temperature with the rate of heating of 6 ℃/min; Insulation 0.5h～1h; Rate of heating with 7 ℃/min is warming up to 1360 ℃, and insulation 2h～3h is with taking out behind the stove naturally cooling; Cross 20 orders～40 mesh sieves, promptly get the composite fracturing propping agent.
Embodiment 4:
1) coal gangue and aluminum oxide powder are put into ball mill for dry grinding respectively, utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium, the mass ratio of control abrading-ball and raw material is 2.3: 1, and ball milling 0.5h～2h crosses 120 mesh sieves then respectively respectively;
2) coal gangue, 42% aluminum oxide powder, 3% barium carbonate and the 5% aluminum oxide chopped strand after sieving 50% by mass percentage mix compound and compound is put into ball mill to add mass concentration again be that 10% gummy aqueous solution mixing utilizes the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium; The mass ratio of control abrading-ball, compound and the gummy aqueous solution is 2.3: l: 0.33; Grind 0.5h～3h and form mixing mud, mud is crossed 300 mesh sieves;
Wherein, aluminum oxide powder is that industrial Alpha-alumina is a lapis amiridis, its corundum content＞98%, and the powder grain is through＜10 μ m; The alumina content of aluminum oxide chopped strand is more than 95%, cut the fiber of the unidirectional extension of no slag of acquisition by the macrofiber weak point, and its diameter is at 15-20 μ m, and length is at 50-100 μ m;
3) will sieving afterwards, mud adopts the granulation of press spray tablets press; The sponging granulator EAT is 350 ℃; Hot-blast furnace temperature is 650 ℃, and temperature of outgoing air is 84 ℃, and mud pressure is 1.5MPa; The spheroidal particle that granulation forms is crossed 18 orders and 30 mesh sieves, the screenings particle between two sieves is collected waited to burn;
4) particle to be burnt is put into alumina crucible, and place in the globars resistance furnace, be warming up to 1230 ℃ from room temperature with the rate of heating of 7 ℃/min; Insulation 0.5h～1h; Rate of heating with 5 ℃/min is warming up to 1390 ℃, and insulation 2h～3h is with taking out behind the stove naturally cooling; Cross 20 orders～40 mesh sieves, promptly get the composite fracturing propping agent.
Embodiment 5:
1) coal gangue and aluminum oxide powder are put into ball mill for dry grinding respectively, utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium, the mass ratio of control abrading-ball and raw material is 2.8: 1, and ball milling 0.5h～2h crosses 120 mesh sieves then respectively respectively;
2) coal gangue after sieving 48% by mass percentage, 43% aluminum oxide powder, 4% barium carbonate and 5% aluminum oxide chopped strand mix compound and compound is put into ball mill to add mass concentration again be that 10% gummy aqueous solution mixing utilizes the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium; The mass ratio of control abrading-ball, compound and the gummy aqueous solution is 2.8: l: 0.4; Grind 0.5h～3h and form mixing mud, mud is crossed 300 mesh sieves;
Wherein, aluminum oxide powder is that industrial Alpha-alumina is a lapis amiridis, its corundum content＞98%, and the powder grain is through＜10 μ m; The alumina content of aluminum oxide chopped strand is more than 95%, cut the fiber of the unidirectional extension of no slag of acquisition by the macrofiber weak point, and its diameter is at 15-20 μ m, and length is at 50-100 μ m;
3) will sieving afterwards, mud adopts the granulation of press spray tablets press; The sponging granulator EAT is 450 ℃; Hot-blast furnace temperature is 750 ℃, and temperature of outgoing air is 92 ℃, and mud pressure is 1.2MPa; The spheroidal particle that granulation forms is crossed 18 orders and 30 mesh sieves, the screenings particle between two sieves is collected waited to burn;
4) particle to be burnt is put into alumina crucible, and place in the globars resistance furnace, be warming up to 1230 ℃ from room temperature with the rate of heating of 10 ℃/min; Insulation 0.5h～1h; Rate of heating with 5 ℃/min is warming up to 1370 ℃, and insulation 2h～3h is with taking out behind the stove naturally cooling; Cross 20 orders～40 mesh sieves, promptly get the composite fracturing propping agent.
Embodiment 6:
1) coal gangue and aluminum oxide powder are put into ball mill for dry grinding respectively, utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium, the mass ratio of control abrading-ball and raw material is 3: 1, and ball milling 0.5h～2h crosses 120 mesh sieves then respectively respectively;
2) coal gangue after sieving 52% by mass percentage, 38% aluminum oxide powder, 5% barium carbonate and 5% aluminum oxide chopped strand mix compound and compound is put into ball mill to add mass concentration again be that 10% gummy aqueous solution mixing utilizes the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium; The mass ratio of control abrading-ball, compound and the gummy aqueous solution is 3: l: 0.4; Grind 0.5h～3h and form mixing mud, mud is crossed 300 mesh sieves;
Wherein, aluminum oxide powder is that industrial Alpha-alumina is a lapis amiridis, its corundum content＞98%, and the powder grain is through＜10 μ m; The alumina content of aluminum oxide chopped strand is more than 95%, cut the fiber of the unidirectional extension of no slag of acquisition by the macrofiber weak point, and its diameter is at 15-20 μ m, and length is at 50-100 μ m;
3) will sieving afterwards, mud adopts the granulation of press spray tablets press; The sponging granulator EAT is 380 ℃; Hot-blast furnace temperature is 680 ℃, and temperature of outgoing air is 90 ℃, and mud pressure is 1.5MPa; The spheroidal particle that granulation forms is crossed 18 orders and 30 mesh sieves, the screenings particle between two sieves is collected waited to burn;
4) particle to be burnt is put into alumina crucible, and place in the globars resistance furnace, be warming up to 1230 ℃ from room temperature with the rate of heating of 9 ℃/min; Insulation 0.5h～1h; Rate of heating with 7 ℃/min is warming up to 1400 ℃, and insulation 2h～3h is with taking out behind the stove naturally cooling; Cross 20 orders～40 mesh sieves, promptly get the composite fracturing propping agent.
The present invention utilizes trade waste-coal gangue to be major ingredient, with the thinking of " adjustment chemical ingredients+optimization microstructure ", through technological operation simple and easy to control; Provide a kind of when utilizing the reaction in self-generating to have fibrous crystals; The fine particle that makes fiber and generation is further optimized the concrete grammar that forms fibrous/granular composite ceramic material from the disperse matrix between mutually, will " dual disperse " is technological combines with the Ceramic Composite technology, has both developed flyash; Improve the chemical constitution of propping agent again; Optimize the microstructure of haydite, overcome the fragility of stupalith, be expected to further improve the over-all properties of proppant material.
With the coal gangue is major ingredient, when introducing sapphire whisker, utilizes pyroreaction, the fibrous 3Al of original position self-forming
2O
32SiO
2The matrix material of granular dispersion consolidatedization of crystal in Lay stone crystal and the porcelain body not; Not only have cheap for manufacturing cost; And fibrous not Lay stone has bigger specific surface area and surface energy relies on strong crystal boundary power to combine with granular corundum, cristobalite, celsian ceramics matrix, and fibrous crystals is distributed between corundum, cristobalite, the celsian-felspar particle on the one hand, forms fiber/particle disperse structure (disperse); On the other hand; Synthetic corundum crystal tool " grain refining " structure, even dispersion crystal such as cristobalite, celsian-felspar around (secondary disperse), formed the stack of particle/particle secondary disperse." dual disperse " caused the formation of fiber/granular compound disperse structure, effectively improved the microstructure of porcelain body, intensity and the toughness that improves porcelain body played conclusive effect, thereby the over-all properties of this material is greatly improved.
In the ceramsite propping agent prescription, introduce and at high temperature fully to react the chemical composition that forms fibrous crystals; With it as necessary initial feed; Make fibrous crystals and new formation between the granular crystal through pyroreaction, synthesized " dual disperse " microstructural matrix material.Because each different under uniform temp, environment and condition, forming mutually; Cause fiber reinforcement and particle to reach mutually between the pore phase and have good stress consistency and wettability; Effectively improve and optimized the microstructure of haydite, this comprehensive mechanical performance is significantly improved.
The present invention prepares petroleum fracturing propping agent with coal gangue as major ingredient.The main chemical compositions that coal gangue is is SiO
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO and do not fire charcoal, other contains compounds such as a small amount of K, P, S, Mg, profile is block.The coal gangue material is formed with quartz, feldspar, rhombohedral iron ore, high-alumina clay mineral, organic charcoal etc.Coal gangue embodies on composition: the characteristics of middle silicon, high alumina, iron, low potassium, sodium show HMP, high fireproof characteristic in nature.The main source of mullite fiber is the SiO under the high temperature
2With the Al in the aluminum oxide powder
2O
3Reaction forms mullite cylinder or fiber, and fiber phase/particle phase/pore has constituted the microstructure of disperse attitude mutually.Non-α-Al
2O
3Be transformed into the particulate corundum of wild phase, the corundum wild phase also be thin crystalline substance-disperse attitude be distributed in celsian-felspar, cristobalite around, formed the microstructure of dual disperse.The generation of corundum and mullite has been played conclusive effect to proppant strength, and barium carbonate has been participated in SiO
2, Al
2O
3, BaO building-up reactions form BaAl
2Si
2O
8The monocline celsian-felspar had both improved the intensity of haydite and the ability of acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting, had reduced the withstand voltage percentage of damage of propping agent again, simultaneously, the intensity that improves propping agent had been played useful effect.Contain a certain amount of flux component K on the other hand in the flyash
2O, Na
2O, CaO, MgO, Fe
2O
3, TiO
2Deng; Can effectively reduce the low eutectic point of compound, sintering temperature is reduced, and with the new a spot of glassy phase that forms of other component interactions; Be filled in because of pyroreaction and emit in gas or the formed pore of crystalline form conversion volumetric expansion, the raising of proppant strength has been played effectively replenished.
The present invention utilizes coal gangue, aluminum oxide powder, composite fortifier through sintering process; Synthetic simultaneously through pyroreaction in matrix phase and wild phase; And make matrix phase " grain refining ", " disperseization ", wild phase and matrix mutually once more " disperse ", dual disperse has prepared the composite proppant haydite.Because this material combines the advantage of grain refining stupalith and filamentary material; And make pore wherein also be disperse attitude uniform distribution mutually; The intensity and the toughness of haydite have been increased on the one hand; Effectively reduce the density and the breakage rate of material on the other hand, make this comprehensive mechanical performance obtain further raising.In addition, on raw material, introduce coal gangue cheaply in a large number, reduced firing temperature, in burning till fast, realized grain refining and disperseization, reduced production cost simultaneously.The present invention does not change existing technology, does not increase any equipment, and the technical indicator of its product and use properties meet oil and gas industry standard SY/T5108-2006 " fracturing propping agents performance index and evaluation test method " fully.
The present invention prepares compound petroleum fracturing propping agent with coal gangue as major ingredient; Not only can bring into play silicon in the coal gangue, high alumina, iron, titanium, advantage that component content is big; Can also be through processing condition control pyroreaction; Make the granular crystal of existing high-intensity disperse attitude (celsian-felspar, cristobalite, corundum) in the petroleum fracturing propping agent; Have again to strengthen toughness reinforcing fibrous crystals (Mo Laishi, corundum), the two presents disperse-thin brilliant orderly microtexture, thus effectively improve propping agent intensity and acid fastness, reduce its percentage of damage.Form the proppant material of excellent performance.
Effect of the present invention is embodied in:
(1) main raw material of the present invention is an inevitable trade waste during coal mining is produced, and prepares fracturing propping agents with coal gangue and not only helps to practice thrift natural resource, reduces production costs, and also helps environment protection.
(2) performance of the composition of flyash and character has middle silicon, high alumina, iron, characteristics that the titanium foreign matter content is big, has ensured Al in the goods
2O
3Content, saved other raw material of high alumina.
(3) theory with matrix material is guidance; Introduce barium carbonate and sapphire whisker composite fortifier simultaneously; Make the granular/granular-crystalline structure of existing high-intensity disperse in the petroleum fracturing propping agent-thin crystalline state, the crystalline structure that strengthens toughness reinforcing fiber/granular disperseization is arranged again, thereby effectively improved the microstructure of porcelain body; Improve the intensity and the acid-resistant corrosion of propping agent, reduce its percentage of damage.
(4) the fracturing propping agents intensity of preparation can reach 85MPa～115MPa, has intensity height, light weight, good characteristic such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, in can be used as, the fracturing propping agents of deep-seated oil gas field.
Can be found out that by Fig. 1 this material matrix is by celsian-felspar, cristobalite principal crystalline phase and a certain amount of pore phase composite, wild phase is Al
2O
3Phase and Mo Laishi.This material grains is tiny, is disperse-grain refining structure, and pore is grown, not Lay stone and corundum fibers abrim in the pore.Table 1 is for being the performance index of major ingredient in 1400 ℃ of prepared fracturing propping agents haydite samples with the coal gangue.
The performance of 1400 ℃ of prepared fracturing propping agents haydite samples of table 1
Claims (6)
1. method of utilizing coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agents is characterized in that:
1) coal gangue and aluminum oxide powder are put into ball mill for dry grinding respectively, cross 120 mesh sieves then respectively;
2) coal gangue after sieving 40%～55% by mass percentage, 35%～45% aluminum oxide powder, 3%～8% barium carbonate and 5%～10% aluminum oxide chopped strand mix compound and compound is put into ball mill to add mass concentration again be 10% gummy aqueous solution mixing wet-milling; Form mixing mud, mud is crossed 300 mesh sieves;
3) the back mud that will sieve adopts the granulation of press spray tablets press, and the spheroidal particle that granulation forms is crossed 18 orders and 30 mesh sieves, the screenings particle between two sieves is collected waited to burn;
4) particle to be burnt is put into alumina crucible, and place in the globars resistance furnace, be warming up to 1230 ℃ from room temperature with the rate of heating of 5 ℃/min～10 ℃/min; Insulation 0.5h～1h; Rate of heating with 5 ℃/min～7 ℃/min is warming up to 1350 ℃～1400 ℃, and insulation 2h～3h is with taking out behind the stove naturally cooling; Cross 20 orders～40 mesh sieves, promptly get the composite fracturing propping agent.
2. the method for utilizing coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agents according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said step 1) dry grinding is to utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium; The mass ratio of control abrading-ball and raw material is (2～3): 1, and difference ball milling 0.5h～2h.
3. the method for utilizing coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agents according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said step 2) wet-milling is to utilize the alumina balls masonry to be grinding medium; The mass ratio of control abrading-ball, compound and the gummy aqueous solution is (2～3): l: (0.3～0.4), grind 0.5h～3h.
4. the method for utilizing coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agents according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said step 3) granulation: the sponging granulator EAT is 300 ℃～500 ℃; Hot-blast furnace temperature is 600 ℃～800 ℃; Temperature of outgoing air is 80 ℃～95 ℃, and mud pressure is 1.2MPa～1.5MPa.
5. the method for utilizing coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agents according to claim 1 is characterized in that: aluminum oxide powder is that industrial Alpha-alumina is a lapis amiridis, its corundum content＞98%, and the powder grain is through＜10 μ m.
6. the method for utilizing coal gangue to prepare fracturing propping agents according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the alumina content of described aluminum oxide chopped strand is at the fiber of cutting the unidirectional extension of no slag of acquisition more than 95%, by the macrofiber weak point; Its diameter is at 15-20 μ m, and length is at 50-100 μ m.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103288431A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-11 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing special high-strength fracturing propping agent for shale gas |
| CN103288430A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-09-11 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing special fracturing propping agent for shale gas by utilizing low-carbon coal gangue |
| CN106967408A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-21 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of ultra-low-density ceramic proppant and preparation method thereof |
| CN109809724A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-05-28 | 中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心 | A kind of bastard coal ground mass haydite and preparation method thereof |
| CN112126423A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-25 | 邵阳合成新型环保建材有限公司 | Petroleum fracturing propping agent added with coal gangue |
| CN115678533A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2023-02-03 | 攀枝花秉扬科技股份有限公司 | Low-density high-strength ceramsite proppant using coal gangue as raw material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101085914A (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2007-12-12 | 桂林工学院 | Method for preparing acid-resistant pressing crack supporting agent from red mud |
| WO2011081545A1 (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-07 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Hydraulic fracturing proppant containing inorganic fibers |
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| CN101085914A (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2007-12-12 | 桂林工学院 | Method for preparing acid-resistant pressing crack supporting agent from red mud |
| WO2011081545A1 (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-07 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Hydraulic fracturing proppant containing inorganic fibers |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103288430A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-09-11 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing special fracturing propping agent for shale gas by utilizing low-carbon coal gangue |
| CN103288430B (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-06-04 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing special fracturing propping agent for shale gas by utilizing low-carbon coal gangue |
| CN103288431A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-11 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing special high-strength fracturing propping agent for shale gas |
| CN103288431B (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-07-02 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing special high-strength fracturing propping agent for shale gas |
| CN106967408A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-21 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of ultra-low-density ceramic proppant and preparation method thereof |
| CN109809724A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-05-28 | 中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心 | A kind of bastard coal ground mass haydite and preparation method thereof |
| CN112126423A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-25 | 邵阳合成新型环保建材有限公司 | Petroleum fracturing propping agent added with coal gangue |
| CN115678533A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2023-02-03 | 攀枝花秉扬科技股份有限公司 | Low-density high-strength ceramsite proppant using coal gangue as raw material and preparation method thereof |
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