CN102712003A - Cyclone separator for high gas volume fraction fluids - Google Patents

Cyclone separator for high gas volume fraction fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102712003A
CN102712003A CN2009801626325A CN200980162632A CN102712003A CN 102712003 A CN102712003 A CN 102712003A CN 2009801626325 A CN2009801626325 A CN 2009801626325A CN 200980162632 A CN200980162632 A CN 200980162632A CN 102712003 A CN102712003 A CN 102712003A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
outlet
light component
axle
cyclone separator
component
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Granted
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CN2009801626325A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102712003B (en
Inventor
M·R·阿卡迪姆
T·M·阿布达拉
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FMC Separation Systems BV
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FMC Technologies CV
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04CAPPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D17/00Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0217Separation of non-miscible liquids by centrifugal force
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D19/00Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0042Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow
    • B01D19/0052Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused
    • B01D19/0057Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused the centrifugal movement being caused by a vortex, e.g. using a cyclone, or by a tangential inlet

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

A cyclone separator for separating a heavy fraction from a multiphase fluid comprising a mixture of the heavy fraction, a medium fraction and a light fraction includes an elongated cyclone tube which comprises a fluid inlet, a heavy fraction outlet and a flow bore that extends between the fluid inlet and the heavy fraction outlet. A mandrel is positioned concentrically within the cyclone tube and comprises a light fraction outlet that extends generally axially therethrough and an outer diameter surface that together with the cyclone tube defines an annular flow path for the multiphase fluid which extends between the fluid inlet and the flow bore. The outer diameter surface comprises a generally cylindrical section which extends from proximate the fluid inlet to a convergence section which extends toward an outlet port that connects the light fraction outlet with the flow bore, and the mandrel further comprises a plurality of outlet holes which extend through the convergence section between the flow path and the light fraction outlet.

Description

The cyclone separator that is used for the fluid of high amount of natural gas component
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cyclone separator that is used for heterogeneous fluid is separated into its different component.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of such cyclone separator, said cyclone separator will comprise that effectively the heterogeneous fluid of heavy ends, middle component, light component separates into the mixture and the heavy ends of light component and middle component.By this way, even when fluid comprises a large amount of relatively light components, also can realize the separative efficiency of higher relatively heavy ends/light component.
Background technology
Most of oil water separators and the hydrocyclone that can be called cyclone separator usually is applied in the oil-gas mining industry heterogeneous fluid stream is separated into their different component, and making can these component of individual processing.For example, cyclone separator is generally used for the extraction liquid that picks up from the oil gas well is separated into the separated flow of oil and water, makes it possible to oil is transported to treatment facility and can water be for example annotated among the Hui Jing again.
The cyclone separator of prior art turns round through rotation extraction liquid generation centrifugal force, and said centrifugal force causes more highdensity water to move towards the middle part of fluid stream towards the exterior section motion of fluid stream and the oil of lighter density.Discharge oil then through heavy ends outlet discharge water, and through independent light component outlet.
Although the work when extraction liquid comprises relatively more a spot of natural gas of the cyclone separator of these prior aries is good relatively, when the amount of the natural gas in the extraction liquid is relatively large, just have problems.This be since density less than the natural gas of oil towards the middle part displacement of the extraction flow of rotation and therefore interfere through light component outlet discharging oil.As a result, the bulk petroleum that exceeds expectation is emitted with water through the heavy ends outlet.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, limit with other through providing a kind of such cyclone separator to solve of the prior art these, said cyclone separator is used for from the heterogeneous fluid of the mixture that comprises heavy ends, component and light component, isolating heavy ends.Said cyclone separator comprises elongated cyclone tube, and said cyclone tube comprises fluid intake, heavy ends outlet and flow orifice, and said flow orifice extends between fluid intake and heavy ends outlet.Cyclone separator also comprises axle, and said axle is concentrically positioned in the cyclone tube and comprises: the light component outlet, and said light component outlet axially extends through said axle substantially; And external diameter surface, said external diameter surface defines the annular flow path that is used for heterogeneous fluid with cyclone tube, and said annular flow path is extended between fluid intake and flow orifice.External diameter surface comprises the section of general cylindrical shape; Said columnar section is from extending to the contraction section near fluid intake; Said contraction section extends towards outlet; Said outlet makes light component outlet link to each other with flow orifice, and axle also comprises a plurality of delivery outlets, and said delivery outlet extends through the contraction section and between flow path and light component export.Between the cyclone separator on-stream period; Heterogeneous fluid flows through fluid intake and circulation path; And be separated into light component, middle component and heavy ends; And light component flows through delivery outlet and through light component outlet discharging, and middle component flows through delivery outlet and through light component outlet discharging, and heavy ends are flowed through flow orifice and through heavy ends outlet discharging.
The present invention also provides a kind of method that is used for separating heavy from the heterogeneous fluid of the mixture that comprises heavy ends, component and light component.Said method comprises: heterogeneous fluid is incorporated in the cyclone separator that comprises axially extended flow orifice; The rotation heterogeneous fluid is so that said heterogeneous fluid separates into heavy ends, middle component and light component; Through heavy ends outlet discharging heavy ends, said heavy ends outlet is connected to flow orifice; Through component in the delivery outlet discharging, said delivery outlet is connected to flow orifice; And through a plurality of delivery outlet discharging light components, said delivery outlet is connected to flow orifice and is positioned at the delivery outlet upper reaches.In this regard, can be through light component outlet discharging light component and middle component, said light component outlet is connected to delivery outlet and delivery outlet.
The present invention also provides a kind of method that is used to reequip existing cyclone separator, and said existing cyclone separator comprises cyclone tube and axle, and said axle concentric locating is in cyclone tube.Cyclone tube comprises fluid intake; Said fluid intake is connected to the axial flow hole; Axle comprises light component outlet and solid basically outer surface, and said outer surface is from extending towards delivery outlet near fluid intake, and said delivery outlet is connected to the light component outlet with flow orifice.The method of reequiping this existing cyclone separator comprises: remove axle from cyclone tube; And with the alternative above-mentioned axle of improved axle, said improved axle comprises: the light component outlet; Basically solid outer surface, said outer surface is from extending towards delivery outlet near fluid intake, and said delivery outlet is connected to the light component outlet with flow orifice; With a plurality of delivery outlets, said delivery outlet is connected to the light component outlet between delivery outlet and fluid intake with flow orifice.
Therefore, cyclone separator of the present invention provides a kind of simple still effective means, even be used for existing under the situation of a large amount of light components, heavy ends is separated with middle component.The present invention's running is so that at first removed most of light component before middle component is removed from heavy ends.Therefore, light component will not interfered through component in the light component outlet discharging.As a result, comprise that at fluid mixture cyclone separator can be realized higher relatively heavy ends/middle component separative efficiency under the situation of a large amount of relatively light components.
With reference to accompanying drawing, of the present invention these will become obvious with other purpose and advantage from following detailed description.In the accompanying drawings, identical Reference numeral can be used for indicating the similar parts of various embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is depicted as the section that is installed in the cyclone separator of the present invention in the illustrative conduit assembly to represent;
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional view of the cyclone separator of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of amplification of the left-hand part of the cyclone separator shown in Fig. 2;
How Fig. 4 shows the diagram of separating natural gas component, petroleum component and water component in cyclone separator of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal sectional view of the cyclone separator of prior art; And
How Fig. 6 shows the diagram of separating natural gas component, petroleum component and water component in the cyclone separator of prior art.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is directed to the cyclone separator that is used for heterogeneous fluid is separated into its independent component.In oil-gas mining industry, for example, heterogeneous fluid can comprise the extraction liquid that picks up from the oil gas well.Depend on well, extraction liquid can comprise heavy ends such as water, such as the middle component of oil with such as the light component of natural gas.In this case, common purpose is that water is separated from oil and natural gas, so that for example can water be refilled in the well.
Cyclone separator running of the present invention so that at first from fluid stream, remove most of natural gas, and makes water and separated from petroleum then.As a result, for the fluid mixture that comprises a large amount of relatively gas components, cyclone separator can be realized higher relatively oil/separated form water efficient.Use although the present invention is used in particular for production of hydrocarbons, wherein extraction liquid comprises the mixture of water, oil and natural gas, and the present invention is not limited to these application.
With reference to Fig. 1, show the embodiment that is installed in the cyclone separator in the illustrative conduit assembly 12 of the present invention, said cyclone separator entirety by reference numeral 10 expressions.Conduit assembly 12 comprises the joint 14 of T shape substantially, and said T straight coupling 14 is connected between input channel 16, light component discharge tube 18 and the heavy fraction discharge pipe road 20.Input channel 16 utilizes for example traditional flange connector 22 to be connected to T straight coupling 14, and each discharge tube 18,20 all utilizes improvement flange connector 24,26 separately to be connected to the T straight coupling.Each improves flange connector 24,26 and comprises corresponding mounting flange 28,30; Said mounting flange 28,30 is connected a pair of conventional pipelines flange 32, between 34; And each end of cyclone separator 10 is installed in the corresponding mounting flange, thus cyclone separator is fixed in the conduit assembly 12.
With reference to Fig. 2, cyclone separator 10 comprises elongated cyclone tube 36 in addition, and said cyclone tube 36 comprises arrival end 38, the port of export 40 and flow orifice 42, and said flow orifice 42 axially extends between the arrival end and the port of export.Arrival end 38 is received within the cylindrical recess portion 44 in the mounting flange 28, and is sealed to said depressed part 44 by a plurality of similar seals 46.The port of export 40 is received within the cylindrical shape aperture 48 in the mounting flange 30, and is sealed in the said aperture 48 through a plurality of similar seals 50.Arrival end 38 butt inner radial antelabium 52, said antelabium 52 is formed on the base portion place of depressed part 44, and the port of export 40 comprises annular shoulder 54, and said annular shoulder 54 butts adjoin the mounting flange 30 in aperture 48.Therefore, when mounting flange 28,30 be connected their corresponding pipeline flanges 32, between 34 the time, cyclone tube 36 is trapped between the mounting flange, thereby and firmly is fixed in the conduit assembly 12.
In the embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 2; Cyclone tube 36 comprises the part 56 of the diameter increase of adjoining arrival end 38; The part 56 that said diameter increases is connected to the part 60 that diameter reduces through the transition portion 58 that shrinks, and the part 60 that said diameter reduces extends to the port of export 40.A plurality of radial holes 62 in the part 56 that diameter between arrival end 38 and transition portion 58 increases define fluid intake, and said fluid intake makes input channel 16 link to each other with flow orifice 42.Axially open 64 in the port of export 40 defines the heavy ends outlet, and said heavy ends outlet makes flow orifice 42 link to each other with heavy fraction discharge pipe road 20.
In addition with reference to Fig. 3, cyclone separator 10 also comprises the axle 66 of tubulose substantially, and said axle 66 is concentrically positioned in the part 56 that the diameter of cyclone tube 36 increases.Axle 66 comprises first end 68, the second end 70 and circular passage 72, and said circular passage 72 is extended between first end 68 and the second end 70 and defined the light component outlet, and said light component outlet is connected to flow orifice 42 via floss hole 74.The first end 68 of axle 66 is received within the arrival end 38 of cyclone tube 36, and is sealed to said arrival end 38 by suitable seal part 76.Axle 66 through proper device (for example; A plurality of fixed screws 78) be fixed to cyclone tube 36; And the first end 68 of axle can comprise annular lip 80, and said antelabium 80 engages the end of cyclone tube, so that in further keeping axle in position thus.
The first end 68 of axle 66 comprises external diameter surface 82, and said external diameter surface 82 is slidingly matched with part 56 formation of the diameter increase of cyclone tube 36.External diameter surface 82 is connected to the general cylindrical shape section 84 that the diameter of axle 66 reduces through shoulder 86 radially, and when axle was positioned in the cyclone tube 36, said radially shoulder 86 was between the arrival end 38 and input hole 62 of cyclone tube.Cylindrical section 84 is connected to annular again and shrinks section 88, and said contraction section 88 extends to the second end 70 and the general location of axle 66 in the transition portion 58 of cyclone tube 36.
The outer surface of axle 66 and cyclone tube 36 form annular flow path 90, and said annular flow path 90 is axially extended from input hole 62 along the cylindrical section 84 of axle, assemble towards flow orifice 42 then.Cyclone separator 10 also comprises traditional static vortex cell 92, and said static vortex cell 92 is concentrically positioned between cyclone tube 36 and the axle 66.When fluid flows through from input hole 62 to flow orifice during 42 flow path 90, vortex cell 92 causes said fluid rotation, and said vortex cell 92 can be connected to axle 66 or be integral with axle 66.
According to the present invention, axle 66 also comprises a plurality of discharge orifices 94, and said discharge orifice 94 extends through between flow path 90 and light component outlet 72 and shrinks section 88.The purposes of discharge orifice 94 below will be described.
The running of cyclone separator 10 will be described with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 now.Between on-stream period, comprise heavy ends, be transported to cyclone separator 10 through input channel 16 and T straight coupling 14 such as the middle component of oil and such as the heterogeneous fluid stream of the light component of natural gas such as water.Fluid flow is crossed input hole 62 and is got into cyclone separators 10, and through vortex cell 92 fluid is rotated when fluid is popular when advancing through flow path 90.
When the fluid of rotation is advanced contraction transition portion 58 through cyclone tube 36, the centrifugal force that acts on the fluid will increase and cause fluid to separate into its different component.The maximum heavy ends of density will be towards the inner surface movement of cyclone tube 36; Density less than heavy ends but will be greater than the middle component of light component towards the displacement of the middle part of cyclone tube, and density will be towards the outer surface displacement of axle 66 less than the light component of middle component.
Dotted line 96 and 98 has been represented the Utopian boundary line of height between heavy ends and the middle component and between middle component and the light component respectively in Fig. 4.Yet in fact, the boundary line between these different components is so undistinct.The concentrated of flow orifice 42 has the part of heavy ends to be connected to the heavy ends outlet 64 in the cyclone tube 36; The concentrated of flow orifice has the part of middle component to be connected to the floss hole 74 in the axle 66, and concentrated in the flow orifice has the part of light component to be connected to the discharge orifice 94 in the axle.
Therefore, heavy ends will continue through cyclone tube 36 and through heavy ends outlet 64 dischargings, and middle component and light component will flow respectively through floss hole 74 and discharge orifice, and together through light component outlet 72 dischargings.Yet, getting at fluid before the part in the downstream that are arranged in axle 66 of flow orifice 42, most light components will be overflowed and enter into light component outlet 72 through discharge orifice 94.As a result, component flow into floss hole 74 during light component will can not disturb.Therefore, before through heavy ends outlet 64 discharging heavy ends, component will be separated with heavy ends in the overwhelming majority.
In order to compare, the cyclone separator of prior art has been shown in Fig. 5 with cyclone separator 10 of the present invention.The cyclone separator and the cyclone separator 10 of this prior art of entirety by reference numeral 100 expressions are closely similar.Yet, to compare with cyclone separator 10, cyclone separator 100 comprises the axle 102 with solid contraction section 104.In other words, axle 102 does not comprise the discharge orifice 94 in the axle 66 that is present in cyclone separator 10.
The running of the cyclone separator 100 of prior art has been shown in Fig. 6.As cyclone separator 10 of the present invention, heterogeneous fluid 62 gets into cyclone separators 100 and begins rotation through vortex cell 92 through entering the mouth.This causes fluid to be separated into its different component, and wherein, heavy ends are towards the inner surface movement of cyclone tube 36, and middle component is towards the displacement of the middle part of cyclone tube, and light component is towards the outer surface displacement of axle 102.Yet, because the contraction section 104 of axle 102 does not comprise any discharge orifice 94 (can leave flow orifice 42 through said discharge orifice 94 light components), so light component will component get into floss hole 74 in motion of the middle part of flow orifice and obstruction.As a result, component will be discharged through heavy ends outlet 64 along with heavy ends in the major part.This causes relatively low heavy ends/light component separative efficiency.
Therefore, discharge orifice 94 being set in cyclone separator 10 of the present invention allows light component before the end that arrives axle 66, to overflow and enters into light component to export 72.This has prevented the mobile floss hole 74 that enters into of component in the light component obstruction.As a result, component will remove from fluid and replace through heavy ends outlet 64 and be discharged through light component outlet 72 in the major part.Therefore, the heavy ends through heavy ends outlet 64 dischargings only will comprise the middle component of fraction relatively.This has improved heavy ends/light component separative efficiency.
Although when heterogeneous fluid comprises light component relatively in a small amount; For separating heavy and light component; The cyclone separator 100 of prior art is effective; But verified when heterogeneous fluid comprises the light component of relatively large amount, the separator of prior art is separating heavy and light component effectively.Yet, because the cyclone separator of prior art 100 is similar with cyclone separator 10 aspect most, so, can obtain benefit if the mode that can the cyclone separator of prior art be modified as to be similar to cyclone separator of the present invention plays a role.
Cyclone separator 100 through the axle 66 of utilizing cyclone separator 10 is reequiped prior aries can be realized this purpose.For this reason, after at first regaining fixed screw 78, remove axle 102 from cyclone tube 36, new then axle 66 is installed in the cyclone tube and utilizes the fixed screw of himself to be fixed to cyclone tube.The cyclone separator that is produced will be similar with cyclone separator of the present invention 10 and function is identical.
From above instruction, those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain the modification of cyclone separator 10 easily, and therefore these modification should be considered to all fall within the scope of the invention.For example; Axle of the present invention can be used for such cyclone separator; Said cyclone separator is not to use static vortex cell to come rotating fluid and be to use the slipstream body to enter the mouth rotating fluid, perhaps except using static vortex cell to come also to use the rotating fluid tangential fluid intake to come rotating fluid.And except radially getting into the cyclone separator through input hole 62, heterogeneous fluid can axially be transported in the cyclone separator, for example, and through the suitable mouth in the arrival end 38 of cyclone tube 36 and/or in the first end 68 of axle 66.And heavy ends outlet 64 and/or light component outlet 72 can be connected to corresponding conduit, and said conduit laterally extends to corresponding discharge tube through cyclone separator.Therefore, substitute through light component outlet 72 and discharge with the reverse flow mode, middle component can be through middle component outlet with the discharging of the forward direction type of flow, said in component export and be concentrically positioned in the cyclone tube 36 and be positioned at axle 66 downstream.
Will be appreciated that although described the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those technical staff in this area can much change structure and details of operation under the prerequisite that does not deviate from principle of the present invention.Therefore, accompanying claims will be interpreted as contain all be in true scope of the present invention with spirit in equivalent.

Claims (4)

1. cyclone separator, said cyclone separator is used for from the heterogeneous fluid of the mixture that comprises heavy ends, component and light component, separating said heavy ends, and said cyclone separator comprises:
Elongated cyclone tube, said cyclone tube comprises fluid intake, heavy ends outlet and flow orifice, said flow orifice extends between said fluid intake and said heavy ends outlet;
Axle, said axle is concentrically positioned in the said cyclone tube, and comprises: the light component outlet, said light component outlet axially extends through said axle substantially; And external diameter surface, said external diameter surface is defined for the annular flow path of said heterogeneous fluid with said cyclone tube, and said annular flow path is extended between said fluid intake and said flow orifice;
Said external diameter surface comprises the general cylindrical shape section, and said cylindrical section is from extending to the contraction section near said fluid intake, and said contraction section extends towards delivery outlet, and said delivery outlet makes said light component outlet link to each other with said flow orifice;
Said axle also comprises a plurality of delivery outlets, and said delivery outlet extends through said contraction section and between the outlet of said flow path and said light component;
Wherein, Between said cyclone separator on-stream period; Said heterogeneous fluid flows and passes through said fluid intake and said flow path, and is separated into light component, middle component and heavy ends, and mobile the outlet through said light component through said delivery outlet and quilt of said light component discharged; Component flows through said delivery outlet and by through said light component outlet discharging in said, and said heavy ends are flowed through said flow orifice and exported through said heavy ends and discharge.
2. method that is used for separating heavy from the heterogeneous fluid of the mixture that comprises heavy ends, component and light component, said method comprises:
Said heterogeneous fluid is incorporated in the cyclone separator, and said cyclone separator comprises axially extended flow orifice;
Rotate said heterogeneous fluid, so that make said heterogeneous fluid separate into heavy ends, middle component and light component;
Through the said heavy ends of heavy ends outlet discharging, said heavy ends outlet is connected to said flow orifice;
Through the said middle component of delivery outlet discharging, said delivery outlet is connected to said flow orifice; And
Discharge said light component through a plurality of delivery outlets, said delivery outlet is connected to said flow orifice and is positioned at the said delivery outlet upper reaches.
3. method according to claim 2, wherein, said light component and said middle component are through light component outlet discharging, and said light component outlet is connected to said delivery outlet and said delivery outlet.
4. one kind is used to reequip the method that has cyclone separator now; Said existing cyclone separator comprises cyclone tube and axle; Said axle is concentrically positioned in the said cyclone tube; Said cyclone tube comprises the fluid intake that is connected to the axial flow hole, and said axle comprises light component outlet and solid basically outer surface, and said outer surface is from extending towards delivery outlet near said fluid intake; Said delivery outlet is connected to said light component outlet with said flow orifice, and said method comprises:
Remove said axle from said cyclone tube; And
Substitute said axle with improved axle, said improved axle comprises: the light component outlet; Basically solid outer surface, said outer surface is from extending towards said delivery outlet near said fluid intake, and said delivery outlet is connected to said light component outlet with said flow orifice; And a plurality of delivery outlets, said delivery outlet is connected to the said light component outlet between said delivery outlet and said fluid intake with said flow orifice.
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BR112012009406B1 (en) 2019-10-22
WO2011048439A1 (en) 2011-04-28
CA2777839C (en) 2013-09-17
EP2490818B1 (en) 2013-08-14
BR112012009406A2 (en) 2016-06-14
US9937505B2 (en) 2018-04-10
CA2777839A1 (en) 2011-04-28
US20120227585A1 (en) 2012-09-13
BR112012009406B8 (en) 2019-11-26
CN102712003B (en) 2013-12-25
AU2009354337A1 (en) 2012-05-10
BR112012009406A8 (en) 2018-09-25
AU2009354337B2 (en) 2015-11-26

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