CN102709798B - Erbium-doped optical fiber laser for optical fiber grating acoustic emission sensing system - Google Patents
Erbium-doped optical fiber laser for optical fiber grating acoustic emission sensing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an erbium-doped optical fiber laser for an optical fiber grating acoustic emission sensing system and aims at compensating the temperature influence on an optical fiber Bragg grating and enhancing the application of an optical fiber Bragg grating sensor to the field of acoustic emission detection. An optical path system comprises a pumping source, an optical wave division multiplexer, an erbium-doped optical fiber, an optical isolator, an optical fiber coupler and the optical fiber Bragg grating. The erbium-doped optical fiber laser is mainly used for providing an optical source for an optical fiber Bragg grating sensing system, and compared with the common use narrow band optical source, the erbium-doped optical fiber laser has the advantages that the own temperature compensation is realized, the temperature influence on the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor can be effectively reduced, the detection precision of the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor is improved, meanwhile, the equipment cost is reduced, and the practical engineering application is favorably realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiber laser field, particularly a kind of erbium doped fiber laser for fiber grating voice sending sensor system.
Background technology
Er-doped fiber is the optical fiber that has mixed a small amount of rare earth element er (Er) ion in silica fiber, it is the core of erbium doped fiber laser, its operation principle is, when pump light is injected in Er-doped fiber, erbium ion is energized on high level under pump light effect, and decay to very soon in metastable energy level, gets back to ground state, there is population inversion, produce the spontaneous emission amplifying.Er-doped fiber have gain high, be with roomy, power output is high, pumping efficiency is high, insertion loss is low, to advantages such as polarization state are insensitive, once invention, at optical communication field, be widely applied.
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG is the light sensitivity of utilizing fiber optic materials, method by ultraviolet photoetching writes fibre core by incident light coherent field pattern, in fibre core, producing along the axial periodically variable refraction index profile of fibre core, is in fact the filter that forms an arrowband in fibre core.When a branch of wide spectrum optical process Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, only have the narrow band light that meets Fiber Bragg Grating FBG centre wavelength will produce reflection, remaining light transmission Fiber Bragg Grating FBG continues transmission.Because Fiber Bragg Grating FBG wavelength characteristic is good, volume is little, quality gently, is not subject to electromagnetic interference, it is multiplexing to be easy to, coupling good, make it be often used as filter or transducer, in fields such as optics, communication, sensings, be widely applied.
Existing erbium doped fiber laser all can be realized the normal work under normal temperature as erbium doped fiber lasers such as Chinese patent ZL200910106974.7 " multi-wavelength and locked mode erbium doped fiber laser with convertible and its implementation ", ZL200820073835.X " wide tunable is from starting of oscillation passive mode locking erbium doped fiber laser ", ZL201010236280.8 " multi-wavelength Brillouin erbium-doped fiber laser with annular cavity based on Taiji structure ", but fails to provide the working condition under alternating temperature.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, overcome existing technology limitation, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG is introduced to fiber laser field, a kind of erbium doped fiber laser for fiber grating voice sending sensor system is provided, and this laser has that output band is narrow, power output is concentrated, is not subject to electromagnetic interference, is suitable for the features such as constant temperature/varying temperature environment work.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of erbium doped fiber laser for fiber grating voice sending sensor system, comprising: pumping source, light wavelength division multiplexing, Er-doped fiber, optical isolator, fiber coupler, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, light path output port; Wherein, the A port of fiber coupler is connected with optical isolator, and B port is connected with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, and C port accesses wavelength division multiplexer by loop, and D port connects light path output port; The pump light that pumping source sends is introduced light path by light wavelength division multiplexing, enters Er-doped fiber, after the bait Ions Absorption energy in Er-doped fiber, transits to high level, then weak in low-lying level, and population inversion occurs, and produces the spontaneous emission amplifying; The light amplifying through Er-doped fiber enters the A port of fiber coupler by optical isolator, light is divided into two-way herein, the port B of leading up to enters Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, the narrow band light that only meets Bragg grating foveal reflex wavelength can be reflected back, this narrow band light enters light path (light of entry port A is isolated by optical isolator) through port C, and another road light arrives light path output port by port D and exports; By Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, reflected and again through light wavelength division multiplexing, enter Er-doped fiber by the light that port C enters light path and amplify, complete once circulation; Each circulation can be amplified the energy of light wave, when gain is greater than the loss in loop, produces vibration, thereby forms Erbium-doped Fiber Ring, has stable output wavelength and power.
Further, described pumping source is pump light source, and centre wavelength is 974.54nm, and peak power is 6.77dBm.
Further, described Er-doped fiber line length 20m, core diameter 3 μ m.
Further, described fiber coupler, splitting ratio is 40:60, and the B end that enters Fiber Bragg Grating FBG is 40, and the D end of exporting for light path is 60.
Further, described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG is adjustable grating, with practical application in sensor fibre Bragg grating match, reflectivity, side mode suppression ratio, three dB bandwidth, temperature sensitive coefficient parameter are consistent, centre wavelength differs 0.1nm.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art: existing erbium doped fiber laser great majority are all pursued multi-wavelength, tunable, high power, and generally all work under normal temperature environment, once run into the situation that variations in temperature is larger, service behaviour is just stable not, the present invention has added the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG that integrates filtering and temperature-compensating on the basis of erbium doped fiber laser, makes laser have the ability of steady operation under the environment of variations in temperature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the erbium doped fiber laser of fiber grating voice sending sensor system;
Fig. 2 is pumping source output spectrum figure;
Fig. 3 is the output spectrum figure of erbium doped fiber laser.
In figure: 1, pumping source, 2, light wavelength division multiplexing, 3, Er-doped fiber, 4, optical isolator, 5, fiber coupler, 6, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, 7, light path output port;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described, to understand better the present invention.Requiring particular attention is that, in the following description, when adopting the detailed description of known function and design perhaps can desalinate main contents of the present invention, these are described in here and will be left in the basket.
As shown in Figure 1, the erbium doped fiber laser for fiber grating voice sending sensor system of the present invention comprises: pumping source 1, light wavelength division multiplexing 2, Er-doped fiber 3, optical isolator 4, fiber coupler 5, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6, light path output port 7; Wherein, the A port of fiber coupler 5 is connected with optical isolator 4, and B port is connected with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6, and C port accesses wavelength division multiplexer 2 by loop, and D port connects light path output port 7.
The pump light that pumping source 1 sends is introduced light path by light wavelength division multiplexing 2, enters Er-doped fiber 3, after the bait Ions Absorption energy in Er-doped fiber 3, transits to high level, then weak in low-lying level, and population inversion occurs, and produces the spontaneous emission amplifying; The light amplifying through Er-doped fiber 3 enters the A port of fiber coupler 5 by optical isolator 4, light is divided into two-way herein, the port B of leading up to enters Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6, the narrow band light that only meets Bragg grating 6 foveal reflex wavelength can be reflected back, and entering light path (light of entry port A is isolated by optical isolator 4) through port C, another road light arrives 7 outputs of light path output port by port D; The light that is reflected by Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6 and enter light path by port C again enters Er-doped fiber 3 through light wavelength division multiplexing 2 and amplifies, and completes once circulation; Each circulation can be amplified the energy of light wave, when gain is greater than the loss in loop, produces vibration, thereby forms Erbium-doped Fiber Ring, has stable output wavelength and power.
Described pumping source 1 is pump light source.In laser; external energy can be input to the form of light or electric current among lasing medium conventionally; the electronics in ground state; be activated to higher energy level upper state; make its population inversion, people hold this process (as water is taken out toward eminence from lower) with " pumping " morphology.The pump light source centre wavelength that the present invention uses is 974.54nm, and peak power is 6.77dBm, and it is exported as shown in Figure 2.
Described light wavelength division multiplexing 2 transmits the photosynthetic Wei Yi road of different wave length in optical fiber.Optical wavelength-division multiplex is in optical fiber one end, the light compositing of a series of different wave lengths is a branch of, along simple optical fiber, transmits; At receiving terminal, use again ad hoc approach, the communication technology that the light of each different wave length is separated.Optical wavelength-division multiplex generally applies wavelength division multiplexer and demodulation multiplexer (also claiming to close ripple/channel-splitting filter) is placed in respectively optical fiber two ends, realizes the coupling of Different lightwave with separated.The main Types of light wavelength division multiplexing has four kinds of fused tapered, medium membranous type, grating type and planes, and its key property index is insertion loss and isolation.
Described Er-doped fiber 3, can be by the light amplification transmitting.When pump light is injected in Er-doped fiber, erbium ion is energized on high level under pump light effect, and decay to very soon in metastable energy level, gets back to ground state, and population inversion occurs, and produces the spontaneous emission amplifying.The major advantage of Er-doped fiber be gain high, be with roomy, power output is high, pumping efficiency is high, insertion loss is low, insensitive etc. to polarization state.The Er-doped fiber line length 20m that the present invention uses, core diameter 3 μ m.
Described optical isolator 4, has unidirectional logical light function.Optical isolator mainly utilizes the Faraday effect of magneto-optical crystal: for the flashlight of forward entrance, by becoming linearly polarized light after the polarizer, faraday's gyromagnetic medium makes polarisation of light direction dextrorotation 45 degree together with external magnetic field, and just makes light low-loss by the analyzer that becomes 45 degree to place with the polarizer; For backlight, the linearly polarized light by analyzer is during through gyromagnetic medium, and yawing moment is right rotation 45 degree also, thereby make polarization direction and the polarizer direction quadrature of backlight, have blocked catoptrical transmission completely.Light by optical fiber echo reflection can well be isolated by optical isolator, improves light wave transmissions efficiency.
Described fiber coupler 5, splitting ratio is 40:60, and what enter Fiber Bragg Grating FBG B end is 40, and for light path output D end is 60.The light amplifying through Er-doped fiber 3 enters the A port of fiber coupler 5 by optical isolator 4, light is divided into two-way herein, the port B of leading up to enters Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6, the narrow band light that only meets Bragg grating 6 foveal reflex wavelength can be reflected back, and entering light path (light of entry port A is isolated by optical isolator 4) through port C, another road light arrives 7 outputs of light path output port by port D; The light that is reflected by Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6 and enter light path by port C again enters Er-doped fiber 3 through light wavelength division multiplexing 2 and amplifies, and completes once circulation.
Described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6 is adjustable grating, plays filtering and temperature compensation function.The present invention's Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6 used will with practical application in sensor fibre Bragg grating match, reflectivity, side mode suppression ratio, three dB bandwidth, temperature sensitive coefficient parameter are consistent, centre wavelength differs 0.1nm.When ambient light enters Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6, only have the narrow band light that meets its centre wavelength to be reflected back like this, remaining light transmission and mistake, this is just equivalent to provide a narrow-band light source.Simultaneously, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6 matches with the sensor fibre Bragg grating in practical application, when the two is in same environment time, suffered temperature impact is identical, the wave length shift that is the two is consistent, with regard to having offset sensor fibre Bragg grating due to the wave length shift that variation of ambient temperature produces, realized temperature-compensating like this.
Be illustrated in figure 3 the output spectrum figure for the erbium doped fiber laser of fiber grating voice sending sensor system.With the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG of 1562nm, substitute the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6 in the present embodiment, obtained stable Laser output, centre wavelength is 1562.002nm, and three dB bandwidth is 0.103nm, and peak power is-0.68dBm.
Although above the illustrative embodiment of the present invention is described; so that those skilled in the art understand the present invention; but should be clear; the invention is not restricted to the scope of embodiment; to those skilled in the art; as long as various variations appended claim limit and definite the spirit and scope of the present invention in, these variations are apparent, all utilize innovation and creation that the present invention conceives all at the row of protection.
Claims (4)
1. the erbium doped fiber laser for fiber grating voice sending sensor system, it is characterized in that: light path system comprises: pumping source (1), light wavelength division multiplexing (2), Er-doped fiber (3), optical isolator (4), fiber coupler (5), Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (6), light path output port (7); Wherein, the A port of fiber coupler (5) is connected with optical isolator (4), and B port is connected with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (6), and C port accesses light wavelength division multiplexing (2) by loop, and D port connects light path output port (7); The pump light that pumping source (1) sends is introduced light path by light wavelength division multiplexing (2), enter Er-doped fiber (3), the erbium ion in Er-doped fiber (3) transits to high level after absorbing energy, then weak in low-lying level, there is population inversion, produce the spontaneous emission amplifying; The light amplifying through Er-doped fiber (3) enters the A port of fiber coupler (5) by optical isolator (4), light is divided into two-way herein, the port B of leading up to enters Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (6), the narrow band light that only meets Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (6) foveal reflex wavelength can be reflected back, this narrow band light enters light path through port C, the light of entry port A is by optical isolator (4) isolation, and another road light arrives light path output port (7) output by port D; By Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (6) reflection and again enter Er-doped fiber (3) through light wavelength division multiplexing (2) by the light that port C enters light path and amplify, complete once circulation; Each circulation can be amplified the energy of light wave, when gain is greater than the loss in loop, produces vibration, thereby forms Erbium-doped Fiber Ring, has stable output wavelength and power;
Described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (6) is adjustable grating, with practical application in sensor fibre Bragg grating match, reflectivity, side mode suppression ratio, three dB bandwidth, temperature sensitive coefficient parameter are consistent, centre wavelength differs 0.1nm; The two is placed on sensor fibre Bragg grating in Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 6 and practical application in same environment, suffered temperature impact is identical, the wave length shift that is the two is consistent, with regard to having offset sensor fibre Bragg grating due to the wave length shift that variation of ambient temperature produces, realized temperature-compensating like this.
2. a kind of erbium doped fiber laser for fiber grating voice sending sensor system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pumping source (1) is pump light source, and centre wavelength is 974.54nm, and peak power is 6.77dBm.
3. a kind of erbium doped fiber laser for fiber grating voice sending sensor system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Er-doped fiber (3) line length 20m, core diameter 3 μ m.
4. a kind of erbium doped fiber laser for fiber grating voice sending sensor system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fiber coupler (5), splitting ratio is 40:60, and what enter Fiber Bragg Grating FBG B end is 40, and for light path output D end is 60.
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| CN103259168B (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2015-10-28 | 西北大学 | All-fiber annular tunable fiber laser |
| CN103852093A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-06-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Fiber laser sensing system based on mode interference reflection structure |
| CN104677291A (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double-core fiber bragg grating probe micro-scale measuring device and method based on linear cavity optical fiber laser |
| CN104677289A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Five-core fiber bragg grating probe micro-scale measuring device and method based on linear cavity optical fiber laser |
| CN104677292A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Four-core fiber bragg grating probe micro-scale measuring device and method based on linear cavity optical fiber laser |
| CN104677285A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double-fiber bragg grating probe micro-scale measuring device and method based on linear cavity optical fiber laser |
| CN104677284A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-core fiber bragg grating probe micro-scale measuring device and method based on linear cavity optical fiber laser |
| US10082383B2 (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2018-09-25 | Harbin Institute Of Technology | Method and equipment for dimensional measurement of a micro part based on fiber laser with multi-core FBG probe |
| CN109085060A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-25 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of acoustic emission probe protective device in impact test |
| CN114001727B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-11-15 | 吉林大学 | Optical fiber gyroscope based on colloid PbSe/CdSe/ZnSe quantum dot narrow-band ASE light source and preparation method |
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| DE102007057856B4 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2017-08-10 | Toptica Photonics Ag | Fiber laser with annular resonator |
| EP2374188A1 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2011-10-12 | V-Gen Ltd. | Gain-switched fiber laser |
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