CN102709140A - Gas discharging type ion source for neutron pipe - Google Patents
Gas discharging type ion source for neutron pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN102709140A CN102709140A CN2012101619611A CN201210161961A CN102709140A CN 102709140 A CN102709140 A CN 102709140A CN 2012101619611 A CN2012101619611 A CN 2012101619611A CN 201210161961 A CN201210161961 A CN 201210161961A CN 102709140 A CN102709140 A CN 102709140A
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- ion source
- foam metal
- deuterium
- neutron
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas discharging type ion source for a neutron pipe, belonging to the technical field of an accelerator. The gas discharging type ion source comprises magnetic steel, a lower cathode board, an anode cylinder, an upper cathode board, a magnetic ring, a foam metal active thin board and a lead-out electrode. When the gas discharging type ion source works, the anode cylinder is externally connected with pulse power voltage, and an upper cathode and a lower cathode are connected in series and then are externally connected with the pulse power voltage. The foam metal active thin board is connected with a low-voltage power supply relative to the upper cathode; and the lead-out electrode is externally connected with the high-voltage pulse power supply relative to a grate. Deuterium molecular ions emitted from the lower cathode can be converted to be deuterium atomic ions in foam metal due to the catalytic action of the foam metal active thin board, and a ratio of a deuterium atomic ion beam to a deuterium molecular ion beam can be tested by using an cyclotronic mass spectrometer after the deuterium atomic ions are accelerated by using the lead-out electrode. With the adoption of the gas discharging type ion source provided by the invention, the hydrogen (including isotopic deuterium or tritium) atomic ion beam with a high ratio can be output from the lead-out electrode, so that if the ion source is used in the neutron pipe, the service life of the neutron pipe can be prolonged, and the neutron yield is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas discharge type ion source, particularly a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is exclusively used in emission mon-H (deuterium, tritium) ion beam belongs to the accelerator art field.
Background technology
Neutron tube is a kind of neutron source of safe and portable, compares with common isotope neutron source, and its power spectrum monochromaticjty is good, no γ background and can produce pulsed neutron, the time spent can not turn-off, thus protection easily, storage administration and convenient transportation.Neutron tube all is integrated in ion source, accelerator, target and pressure regulation system in the sealed tube, need not vaccum-pumping equipment and compressed air source unit during work.Neutron tube can be widely used in defence engineering and worker, farming, doctor field, particularly military project and safety inspection field.Use in the open air neutron tube the time, the portability of neutron tube seems even more important, but it is all bulky much to have at present the neutron source of high yield, can only in the laboratory, move.
The neutron yield of neutron tube is with wherein critical component--the monatomic ratio with molecular deuterium ions that the deuterium ion source produces is relevant; Under same accelerating voltage and beam current density; The monatomic deuterium ion ratio that ion source produces is high more; Neutron yield is just big more, that is to say that the sensitivity of detection and efficient are also high more.For example, a branch of 50%D that contains
+And 50%D
2 +Ion beam use 100%D with the neutron yield ratio that 100 KeV energy bombardments tritium target obtains
+The neutron yield that bundle obtains under same bombarding conditions is low by 48%, i.e. D under this condition
2 +Ion does not almost have and tritium target generation nuclear reaction.The ion source of neutron tube basically all is based on gas discharge principle at present, and like penning source, radio-frequency ion source and microwave ion source etc., wherein the penning source accounts for leading.Simple in structure, advantages such as operating air pressure is low, electric power system is simple, reliable operation that Penning ion source has; But the monatomic ion proportion that its ionization produces is very low; To obtain the high yield neutron in the case; The high line ion bombardment target that the penning source must be exported, but this causes ion sputtering and secondary phenomenon serious again, and reason is by H
2 +(/D
2 +) yield of the metal surface secondary electron that caused almost is two times of proton caused under the same energy secondary electron.Although radio-frequency ion source and microwave ion source can produce the monatomic ion of very high ratio, their power-supply system more complicated, debugging difficulty is also bigger, and they are bulky, is not suitable for portable neutron tube.
The present invention is based on advantages such as Penning ion source is simple in structure, operating air pressure is low, electric power system is simple, reliable operation; On the basis of Penning ion source, improve, purpose is exactly to overcome the low problem of the intrafascicular atomic ion ratio of this gas discharge type ion source emitting ions.
Summary of the invention
For solving the low problem of atomic ion ratio in the Penning ion source outgoing ion beam, the present invention has increased the foam active metal on traditional Penning ion source.The effect of foam active metal is to make molecular ion beam under catalytic action, be cracked into the atomic ion beam emission.A kind of gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube of the present invention; Its structure is as shown in Figure 1, comprises magnet steel, following minus plate, anode tube from top to bottom, goes up minus plate and magnet ring, and last minus plate is positioned over outside the anode tube perpendicular to anode tube axis with following minus plate; Magnet steel and magnet ring are respectively near minus plate and last minus plate are placed down; Last minus plate has an ion beam fairlead, and the axis of the axis of ion beam fairlead, the axis of magnet ring and anode tube is characterized in that on same straight line; Also comprise active thin plate of a foam metal and extraction electrode; The active thin plate of said foam metal is positioned on the magnet ring after isolating through an insulating material and magnet ring, and its surface is parallel with last minus plate surface; Said extraction electrode places on the active thin plate of foam metal.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube is characterized in that, the material of the active thin plate of said foam metal is Fe, Co, Ni or Ti.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube is characterized in that, the active gauge of sheet of said foam metal≤10 mm, average pore size>=0.2 mm, specific area>=250 m
2/ m
3
During work, because magnet steel and magnet ring make anode tube internal magnetic field intensity reach about 600 Gausses, in the anode tube after the gas breakdown, under magnetic field and electric field action, electronics clashes into gas molecule repeatedly in the anode tube makes a large amount of molecular ions of generation in the anode tube.When passing through reactive metal under bias effect, molecular ion beam launches owing to catalytic action forms atomic ion.Adopt ion source of the present invention to export height ratio hydrogen (comprising its isotope deuterium or tritium) atomic ion beam, it is used for working life, the raising neutron yield that neutron tube can prolong neutron tube from extraction electrode.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 gas discharge ion source cross-sectional view that is used for neutron tube of the present invention.
Wherein, the mark implication of each accompanying drawing is:
Minus plate, 3-anode tube, the last minus plate of 4-, 5-magnet ring, 6-insulating material, the active thin plate of 7-foam metal, 8-extraction electrode under 1-magnet steel, the 2-.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube comprises, magnet steel 1, time minus plate 2, anode tube 3, last minus plate 4, magnet ring 5, insulating material 6, the active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal and extraction electrode 8.The active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal, its thickness is 3 mm, average pore size=0.23 mm, specific area=5800 m
2/ m
3Magnet steel 1 makes anode tube internal magnetic field intensity reach 600 Gausses with magnet ring 5.This ion source is placed in the vacuum chamber, in vacuum chamber, charges into deuterium gas then and reaches 10
-3-10
-2Pa.During work, connect external power supply.Anode tube 3 and last negative electrode 4, the following external pulse power voltage 1800-2300 V of negative electrode 2 (negative electrode series connection up and down), supply frequency 10 kHz.Because magnetic field and electric field action, electronics clashes into gas molecule repeatedly in the anode tube makes and produces a large amount of deuterium molecule ions in the anode tube after the gas breakdown.The active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal connects the low-tension supply about-700 V with respect to last negative electrode, and extraction electrode 8 is with respect to the high-voltage pulse power source more than active thin plate 7 external-10 kV of Ni foam metal.Because the catalytic action of the active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal, can in foam metal, be transformed into the D-atom ion from the deuterium molecule ion of cathode emission down, quicken the available omegatron mass spectrometer in back through extraction electrode 8 and test D-atom and molecular ion beam ratio.Test result shows, start ion source after, during no Ni foam metal activity thin plate 7, the ratio of the atom of output and molecular ion beam is 1:8; The ratio that adds active thin plate 7 back D-atoms of Ni foam metal and molecular ion beam becomes 1:0.6.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube comprises, magnet steel 1, time minus plate 2, anode tube 3, last minus plate 4, magnet ring 5, insulating material 6, the active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal and extraction electrode 8.The active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal, its thickness is 3 mm, average pore size=0.6 mm, specific area=1500 m
2/ m
3Magnet steel 1 makes anode tube internal magnetic field intensity reach 600 Gausses with magnet ring 5.This ion source is placed in the vacuum chamber, in vacuum chamber, charges into deuterium gas then and reaches 10
-3-10
-2Pa.During work, connect external power supply.Anode tube 3 and last negative electrode 4, the following external pulse power voltage 1800-2300 V of negative electrode 2 (negative electrode series connection up and down), supply frequency 10 kHz.Because magnetic field and electric field action, electronics clashes into gas molecule repeatedly in the anode tube makes and produces a large amount of deuterium molecule ions in the anode tube after the gas breakdown.The active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal connects the low-tension supply about-700 V with respect to last negative electrode, and extraction electrode 8 is with respect to the high-voltage pulse power source more than active thin plate 7 external-10 kV of Fe foam metal.Because the catalytic action of the active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal, can in foam metal, be transformed into the D-atom ion from the deuterium molecule ion of cathode emission down, quicken the available omegatron mass spectrometer in back through extraction electrode 8 and test D-atom and molecular ion beam ratio.Test result shows, start ion source after, during no Fe foam metal activity thin plate 7, the ratio of the atom of output and molecular ion beam is 1:8; The ratio that adds active thin plate 7 back D-atoms of Fe foam metal and molecular ion beam becomes 1:1.
Embodiment three:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube comprises, magnet steel 1, time minus plate 2, anode tube 3, last minus plate 4, magnet ring 5, insulating material 6, the active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal and extraction electrode 8.The active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal, its thickness is 3 mm, average pore size=1.6 mm, specific area=250 m
2/ m
3Magnet steel 1 makes anode tube internal magnetic field intensity reach 600 Gausses with magnet ring 5.This ion source is placed in the vacuum chamber, in vacuum chamber, charges into deuterium gas then and reaches 10
-3-10
-2Pa.During work, connect external power supply.Anode tube 3 and last negative electrode 4, the following external pulse power voltage 1800-2300 V of negative electrode 2 (negative electrode series connection up and down), supply frequency 10 kHz.Because magnetic field and electric field action, electronics clashes into gas molecule repeatedly in the anode tube makes and produces a large amount of deuterium molecule ions in the anode tube after the gas breakdown.The active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal connects the low-tension supply about-700 V with respect to last negative electrode, and extraction electrode 8 is with respect to the high-voltage pulse power source more than active thin plate 7 external-10 kV of Co foam metal.Because the catalytic action of the active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal, can in foam metal, be transformed into the D-atom ion from the deuterium molecule ion of cathode emission down, quicken the available omegatron mass spectrometer in back through extraction electrode 8 and test D-atom and molecular ion beam ratio.Test result shows, start ion source after, during no Co foam metal activity thin plate 7, the ratio of the atom of output and molecular ion beam is 1:8; The ratio that adds active thin plate 7 back D-atoms of Co foam metal and molecular ion beam becomes 1:1.5.
Embodiment four:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube comprises, magnet steel 1, time minus plate 2, anode tube 3, last minus plate 4, magnet ring 5, insulating material 6, the active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal and extraction electrode 8.The active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal, its thickness is 3 mm, average pore size=0.95 mm, specific area=500 m
2/ m
3Magnet steel 1 makes anode tube internal magnetic field intensity reach 600 Gausses with magnet ring 5.This ion source is placed in the vacuum chamber, in vacuum chamber, charges into deuterium gas then and reaches 10
-3-10
-2Pa.During work, connect external power supply.Anode tube 3 and last negative electrode 4, the following external pulse power voltage 1800-2300 V of negative electrode 2 (negative electrode series connection up and down), supply frequency 10 kHz.Because magnetic field and electric field action, electronics clashes into gas molecule repeatedly in the anode tube makes and produces a large amount of deuterium molecule ions in the anode tube after the gas breakdown.The active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal connects the low-tension supply about-700 V with respect to last negative electrode, and extraction electrode 8 is with respect to the high-voltage pulse power source more than active thin plate 7 external-10 kV of Ti foam metal.Because the catalytic action of the active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal, can in foam metal, be transformed into the D-atom ion from the deuterium molecule ion of cathode emission down, quicken the available omegatron mass spectrometer in back through extraction electrode 8 and test D-atom and molecular ion beam ratio.Test result shows, start ion source after, during no Ti foam metal activity thin plate 7, the ratio of the atom of output and molecular ion beam is 1:8; The ratio that adds active thin plate 7 back D-atoms of Ti foam metal and molecular ion beam becomes 1:1.5.
Claims (3)
1. gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube; Comprise magnet steel (1), following minus plate (2), anode tube (3) from top to bottom, go up minus plate (4) and magnet ring (5); Last minus plate (4) and following minus plate (2) are positioned over outside the anode tube (3) perpendicular to the axis of anode tube (3); Magnet steel (1) and magnet ring (5) are respectively near minus plate (2) and last minus plate (4) are placed down; Last minus plate (4) has an ion beam fairlead, and the axis of the axis of ion beam fairlead, magnet ring (5), the axis of anode tube (3) is characterized in that on same straight line; Also comprise active thin plate (7) of a foam metal and extraction electrode (8); The active thin plate of said foam metal (7) is positioned on the magnet ring after isolating through an insulating material (6) and magnet ring (5), and its surface is parallel with last minus plate (4) surface; Said extraction electrode (8) places on the active thin plate of foam metal (7).
2. a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the material of the active thin plate of said foam metal (7) is Fe, Co, Ni or Ti.
3. a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is used for neutron tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that, thickness≤10 mm, average pore size>=0.23 mm, the specific area>=250 m of the active thin plate of said foam metal (7)
2/ m
3
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210161961.1A CN102709140B (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2012-05-23 | Gas discharging type ion source for neutron pipe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210161961.1A CN102709140B (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2012-05-23 | Gas discharging type ion source for neutron pipe |
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| CN102709140A true CN102709140A (en) | 2012-10-03 |
| CN102709140B CN102709140B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104966448A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-07 | 东北师范大学 | Radio frequency neutron tube ion source beam extraction desktop experiment table |
| CN114007323A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-01 | 西京学院 | Neutron tube structure of cone-shaped penning ion source |
| RU210559U1 (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-21 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Gas-filled neutron tube |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5078950A (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1992-01-07 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Neutron tube comprising a multi-cell ion source with magnetic confinement |
| CN101728200A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2010-06-09 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Cold-cathode Penning ion source capable of extracting high beam current metal ions |
| WO2011116236A2 (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-22 | Blacklight Power, Inc. | Electrochemical hydrogen-catalyst power system |
| CN202721106U (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-02-06 | 四川大学 | Gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube |
-
2012
- 2012-05-23 CN CN201210161961.1A patent/CN102709140B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5078950A (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1992-01-07 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Neutron tube comprising a multi-cell ion source with magnetic confinement |
| CN101728200A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2010-06-09 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Cold-cathode Penning ion source capable of extracting high beam current metal ions |
| WO2011116236A2 (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-22 | Blacklight Power, Inc. | Electrochemical hydrogen-catalyst power system |
| CN202721106U (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-02-06 | 四川大学 | Gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 北京市辐射中心，北京师范大学低能核物理研究所加速器研究室: "《离子注入机》", 30 September 1981, 北京出版社 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104966448A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-07 | 东北师范大学 | Radio frequency neutron tube ion source beam extraction desktop experiment table |
| CN104966448B (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2018-04-27 | 东北师范大学 | Radio frequency neutron tube ion gun line draws tabletop experiments platform |
| CN114007323A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-01 | 西京学院 | Neutron tube structure of cone-shaped penning ion source |
| RU210559U1 (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-21 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Gas-filled neutron tube |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102709140B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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