CN102706101A - 一种空气分离设备 - Google Patents

一种空气分离设备 Download PDF

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CN102706101A
CN102706101A CN201210160640XA CN201210160640A CN102706101A CN 102706101 A CN102706101 A CN 102706101A CN 201210160640X A CN201210160640X A CN 201210160640XA CN 201210160640 A CN201210160640 A CN 201210160640A CN 102706101 A CN102706101 A CN 102706101A
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nitrogen
pipeline
heat exchanger
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air
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CN102706101B (zh
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俞士良
宦梁
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SUZHOU OXYGEN PLANT CO., LTD.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04024—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of purified feed air, so-called boosted air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04381—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/0443—A main column system not otherwise provided, e.g. a modified double column flowsheet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/20—Boiler-condenser with multiple exchanger cores in parallel or with multiple re-boiling or condensing streams

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种空气分离设备，该返流透平膨胀装置包括增压机和透平膨胀机，所述增压机连接到透平膨胀机，透平膨胀机通过管路连接到氧塔，透平膨胀机的另一路连接到主热交换器。通过上述方式，本发明其工艺简单，占地较小，提高液体产品提取率，减少20%空气消耗，降低电耗，能够在产高纯液氮的前提下附产液氧。

Description

一种空气分离设备
技术领域
本发明涉及机械设备领域，特别是涉及一种空气分离设备。
背景技术
空分设备的主要产品是氧气和氮气。氧气是地球上一切有生命的机体赖以生存的物质.它很容易与其他物质发生氧化反应，并放出放出大量的热量。因此，氧气作为氧化剂和助燃剂在冶金、化工、能源、机械、国防工业等部门得到广泛应用。氮气的化学性质不活泼，在平常的状态下有很大的惰性，不容易与其它物质发生化学反应。因此，氮气在冶金、电子化学工业中广泛地用来做保护气。而低温液体在存储与运输方面具有优越性，因此低温液氮与液氧的需求越来越多，通过常规的空分加液化工艺占地大、工艺复杂，消耗的空气较多，不节能。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种空气分离设备，其工艺简单，设备占地较小，提高液体产品提取率，减少20%空气消耗，降低电耗，能够在产高纯液氮的前提下附产液氧。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种空气分离设备，该空气分离设备包括进气处理装置和增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置，所述进气处理装置通过管路连接增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置。
优选的是，所述进气处理装置包括空气过滤器、空气压缩机、预冷机组和分子筛纯化器，所述空气过滤器、空气压缩机、预冷机组和分子筛纯化器依次通过管路连接，分子筛纯化器通过管路连接到增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置。
优选的是，所述增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置包括增压透平膨胀装置、增压后冷却器、主换热器、氮塔、主冷凝蒸发器、氧塔、辅冷凝蒸发器和过冷器，所述增压透平膨胀装置的增压部连接到增压后冷却器，增压后冷却器与氮塔的连接管经过主换热器，氮塔的上端部设有主冷凝蒸发器，氮塔的下端与主冷凝蒸发器的连接管经过过冷器，经过过冷器的管路设有阀，主冷凝蒸发器的上端设有管路经过过冷器和主换热器后连接到增压透平膨胀装置的透平膨胀部，氮塔上端设有经过主换热器的管路排出纯氮气；增压透平膨胀装置的透平膨胀部通过管路连接到氧塔的同时，分一路连接管经过主换热器后排出，氮塔的污氮连接管经过过冷器后连接到氧塔上端，氧塔上端的污氮连接管经过过冷器和主换热器后排出，辅冷凝蒸发器设有管路连接到主冷凝蒸发器。
优选的是，所述主冷凝蒸发器、和辅冷凝蒸发器均设有不凝气体排出管。
优选的是，所述分子筛纯化器设有连接管经过主换热器后连接到氮塔。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明一种空气分离设备，其工艺简单，设备占地较小，提高液体产品提取率，减少20%空气消耗，降低电耗，能够在产高纯液氮的前提下附产液氧。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种空气分离设备的一较佳实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
请参阅图1，本发明实施例包括：
一种空气分离设备，该空气分离设备包括进气处理装置1和增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置2，所述进气处理装置1通过管路连接增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置2。；所述进气处理装置1包括空气过滤器11、空气压缩机12、预冷机组13和分子筛纯化器14，所述空气过滤器11、空气压缩机12、预冷机组13和分子筛纯化器14依次通过管路连接，分子筛纯化器14通过管路连接到增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置2；所述增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置2包括增压透平膨胀装置21、增压后冷却器22、主换热器23、氮塔24、主冷凝蒸发器25、氧塔26、辅冷凝蒸发器27和过冷器28，所述增压透平膨胀装置21的增压部连接到增压后冷却器22，增压后冷却器22与氮塔24的连接管经过主换热器23，氮塔24的上端部设有主冷凝蒸发器25，氮塔24的下端与主冷凝蒸发器25的连接管经过过冷器28，经过过冷器28的管路设有阀，主冷凝蒸发器25的上端设有管路经过过冷器28和主换热器23后连接到增压透平膨胀装置21的透平膨胀部，氮塔24上端设有经过主换热器23的管路排出纯氮气；增压透平膨胀装置21的透平膨胀部通过管路连接到氧塔26的同时，分一路连接管经过主换热器23后排出，氮塔24的污氮连接管经过过冷器28后连接到氧塔26上端，氧塔26上端的污氮连接管经过过冷器28和主换热器23后排出，辅冷凝蒸发器27设有管路连接到主冷凝蒸发器25；所述主冷凝蒸发器25和辅冷凝蒸发器27均设有不凝气体排出管；所述分子筛纯化器14设有连接管经过主换热器23后连接到氮塔24。
本发明一种空气分离设备的工作方式：利用增压机给透平膨胀机提供净化了的富氧空气，进行气体的液化，的液氧到氧塔，同时分离的低温气体用于提高主热交换器的热交换率。
本发明利用富氧空气返流膨胀机带空气前增压技术提高空气压力，改善主换热器换热效果，使膨胀机制冷量最大化，提高液体氮产品提取率；同时应用膨胀后富氧空气提取产品液氧。由氮塔中抽取少量污液氮作为氧塔回流液；用氮塔塔顶气氮作为氧塔底部蒸发的热源。
本发明一种空气分离设备，其工艺简单，设备占地较小，提高液体产品提取率，减少20%空气消耗，降低电耗，能够在产高纯液氮的前提下附产液氧。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种空气分离设备，其特征在于：该空气分离设备包括进气处理装置和增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置，所述进气处理装置通过管路连接增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置。
2.根据权利要求1一种空气分离设备，其特征在于：所述进气处理装置包括空气过滤器、空气压缩机、预冷机组和分子筛纯化器，所述空气过滤器、空气压缩机、预冷机组和分子筛纯化器依次通过管路连接，分子筛纯化器通过管路连接到增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置。
3.根据权利要求1一种空气分离设备，其特征在于：所述增压透平膨胀制氮产氧装置包括增压透平膨胀装置、增压后冷却器、主换热器、氮塔、主冷凝蒸发器、氧塔、辅冷凝蒸发器和过冷器，所述增压透平膨胀装置的增压部连接到增压后冷却器，增压后冷却器与氮塔的连接管经过主换热器，氮塔的上端部设有主冷凝蒸发器，氮塔的下端与主冷凝蒸发器的连接管经过过冷器，经过过冷器的管路设有阀，主冷凝蒸发器的上端设有管路经过过冷器和主换热器后连接到增压透平膨胀装置的透平膨胀部，氮塔上端设有经过主换热器的管路排出纯氮气；增压透平膨胀装置的透平膨胀部通过管路连接到氧塔的同时，分一路连接管经过主换热器后排出，氮塔的污氮连接管经过过冷器后连接到氧塔上端，氧塔上端的污氮连接管经过过冷器和主换热器后排出，辅冷凝蒸发器设有管路连接到主冷凝蒸发器。
4.根据权利要求3一种空气分离设备，其特征在于：所述主冷凝蒸发器、和辅冷凝蒸发器均设有不凝气体排出管。
5.根据权利要求2一种空气分离设备，其特征在于：所述分子筛纯化器设有连接管经过主换热器后连接到氮塔。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103759500A (zh) * 2014-01-24 2014-04-30 浙江大川空分设备有限公司 一种低能耗制高纯氮的方法及装置
CN106219495A (zh) * 2016-08-19 2016-12-14 浙江智海化工设备工程有限公司 一种小型psa和小型深冷空分的组合装置
WO2019104524A1 (zh) * 2017-11-29 2019-06-06 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 通过与氮气膨胀机联动制动的膨胀机增压机来产生增压空气的深冷精馏方法与设备

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CN102445054A (zh) * 2011-12-22 2012-05-09 开封黄河空分集团有限公司 一种由空气分离制取氧气和氮气的工艺

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CN1076269A (zh) * 1992-03-12 1993-09-15 孙克澄 空气分离方法及设备
CN101509722A (zh) * 2008-02-14 2009-08-19 普莱克斯技术有限公司 蒸馏方法和设备
CN102230716A (zh) * 2011-06-08 2011-11-02 杭州优埃基空分设备有限公司 空气增压返流膨胀内压缩空气分离的方法及其装置
CN102445054A (zh) * 2011-12-22 2012-05-09 开封黄河空分集团有限公司 一种由空气分离制取氧气和氮气的工艺

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN103759500A (zh) * 2014-01-24 2014-04-30 浙江大川空分设备有限公司 一种低能耗制高纯氮的方法及装置
CN106219495A (zh) * 2016-08-19 2016-12-14 浙江智海化工设备工程有限公司 一种小型psa和小型深冷空分的组合装置
WO2019104524A1 (zh) * 2017-11-29 2019-06-06 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 通过与氮气膨胀机联动制动的膨胀机增压机来产生增压空气的深冷精馏方法与设备

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