A kind of polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical macromolecular materials and preparation method thereof and application thereof, be specifically related to a kind of medical polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation and preparation method thereof and application thereof.
Background technology
Polycarbonate is a kind of thermoplastic engineering plastic of excellent property, there is outstanding shock resistance, anti-creep and good stability of the dimension, the advantage such as heat-resisting, that water-intake rate is low, nontoxic, the transparency is good, be applied at present in medicine equipment, as polycarbonate is widely used in artificial dialyzer, artificial lung, blood oxygenator, blood separator and anaesthetic vaporizer equipment and other medical facilities that need to operate and need to sterilize under condition transparent, directly perceived., because oxyethane itself is poisonous, there is residue problem in the ethylene oxide sterilizing adopted at present and causes environmental pollution; Disinfection with high pressure steam can cause aging under hot and humid condition of polycarbonate.
Irradiation sterilization, at the gamma-rays of doses or high-power electron beam during to material irradiation, cause the chemical bond rupture of the organic molecule such as DNA, protein, lipid of microorganism, causes microbial death, reaches the sterilizing purpose.With traditional autoclaving, chemosterilization, compare, but irradiation sterilization have sterilizing thoroughly, operational safety, free from environmental pollution, can be to the articles for use of band packing and the heat-sensitive materials advantages such as continuous operation that carry out disinfection.But, polycarbonate can make the polymer molecule splitting of chain when irradiation sterilization, thereby cause goods its colour changed into yellow, mechanical properties decrease, in transportation, storage and the use procedure of goods, easily cause goods to break, damage, therefore need the medical polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation of development.
Usually, by adding stablizer can improve the radiation-resistant property of polycarbonate.U.S. Beyer Co., Ltd (CN1376176A) discloses a kind of cyclic acetal that adds the glycerine monoester can improve the polycarbonate flavescence that gamma-ray irradiation causes.United States Patent (USP) 4873271 discloses the gamma ray resistant irradiation polycarbonate compositions of a kind of ester of polyalkylene oxide as stablizer.The colour stability that United States Patent (USP) 4939185 discloses a kind of compound that contains sulfide group while as stablizer, improving polycarbonate irradiation.Some other patented technology, as United States Patent (USP) 4894401,5744517,5118726,4804692,5187208 etc. is all to add single organic compound or auxiliary agent, just improve to a certain extent the irradiation flavescence problem of polycarbonate, do not consider the impact on mechanical property, chemical property, biological property, therefore be difficult to be applied in actual product.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly for polycarbonate irradiation after the problem of flavescence, mechanical property variation, a kind of have good transparency, excellent mechanical performances, radiotolerant polycarbonate material again are provided.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of this polycarbonate material, the method technique is simple, easy handling, enforcement.
The present invention also provides the application of this polycarbonate material, and it can be used as the raw material of medical transparent plastic article, and the product transparency of gained is good, anti-irradiation, and mechanical property, chemical property and biological property are good.
In prior art, polycarbonate flavescence, mechanical properties decrease are had to some correlative studys, but it seems generally, mainly contain three improvement directions: one be polycarbonate and other resins are carried out compound, with the performance of raising resulting materials; Another is to add additive in polycarbonate, and the performance of its certain aspect is improved, such as adding various stablizers, softening agent, antioxidant, tinting material etc.; The 3rd is by above-mentioned two kinds of method combinations, has both added other resins, adds again some added ingredients.The problem that these improvement could not well overcome polycarbonate material easily flavescence after irradiation, easily break and damage.The contriver, through a large amount of research and experiment, has summed up the scheme that can address this problem, and is specially:
A kind of polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation, it is characterized in that comprising the composition of following mass parts: 100 parts of polycarbonate, free radical stabilizer 0.1-1.0 part, epoxide diluent 0.1-2.0 part, softening agent 0.1-2.0 part, can be preferably following proportioning: 100 parts of polycarbonate, free radical stabilizer 0.1-0.6 part, epoxide diluent 0.2-1.0 part, softening agent 0.2-1.0 part, preferably, can also be following proportioning: 100 parts of polycarbonate, free radical stabilizer 0.2-0.7 part, epoxide diluent 0.1-0.5 part, softening agent 0.1-0.6 part, most preferred, proportioning is: 100 parts of polycarbonate, free radical stabilizer 0.3-0.4 part, epoxide diluent 0.3-0.4 part, softening agent 0.3-0.4 part.Under these optimum ratios, the performance of resulting materials can be better.
Further, the present invention's polycarbonate used can be the carbonic ether of homopolymerization, can be also the carbonic ether of copolymerization, can also be the carbonic ether that homopolymerization and copolymerization mix.Polycarbonate is a kind of thermoplastic engineering plastic of excellent property, but comparatively speaking, the mechanical property of aromatic copolycarbonate is more better, therefore preferably homopolymerization is or/and the aromatic copolycarbonate of copolymerization is raw material of the present invention, and the melt flow rate (MFR) of preferred polycarbonate is good between 10-30g/min.
The effect of the present invention's free radical stabilizer used (be called for short stablizer, lower with) is to eliminate the free radical produced in irradiation process, and it is preferably 2, one or more in 5-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone, Resorcinol dibenzyl ether and dibenzyl ketone.
The present invention's epoxide diluent used can, for epoxy resin diluent or epoxy activation thinner, be preferably one or more in butylglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene oxide phenyl ether, glycidyl allyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, N-BUTYL ACETATE and dibenzyl ether.
The present invention's softening agent used can be one or more in epoxidised soybean oil, epoxyoleic acid butyl ester, tri-n-butyl citrate and polyoxypropyleneglycol ether, is preferably epoxidised soybean oil or polyoxypropyleneglycol ether.
Except said components, in formula, can also add those skilled in the art to know and normally used dyestuff, thermo-stabilizer, UV UV light absorber, releasing agent, filler etc.For example, dyestuff can be solvent violet 13, solvent violet 14, solvent violet 36, solvent violet 37, solvent violet 49, solvent violet 57, solvent violet 59, solvent red 111, solvent red 146, solvent blue 35, solvent blue 36, solvent blue 87, solvent blue 94, solvent blue 97, solvent blue 19 04, solvent blue 19 22 etc., thermo-stabilizer can be phosphorous acid hexichol isodecyl ester etc., the UV UV light absorber can be 2-(2H-benzotriazole-2)-4, 6-bis-(1-methyl isophthalic acid-styroyl) phenol, 2-(2 '-hydroxyl-3 ', 5 '-di-tert-butyl-phenyl)-the 5-chlorinated benzotriazole etc., releasing agent can be pentaerythritol stearate etc., filler can be titanium dioxide etc.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation comprises the following steps:
(1) press proportioning by each composition mixing 5-10 minute, obtain pre-composition;
(2) controlling screw extrusion press is 220-300 ℃ along charging opening to a mouthful mould direction temperature, and die temperature is 270-300 ℃, and screw speed is 40-140 rev/min, and pre-composition is joined in screw extrusion press, stops and melt extrudes in 1-3 minute;
(3), after pre-composition melt extrudes, cooling, pelletizing, obtain the polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation (the medical polycarbonate pellet of anti-irradiation).
The polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation of above-mentioned gained can be used as the medical device raw material.
Free radical stabilizer of the present invention can effectively be eliminated the free radical produced in irradiation process, thereby suppresses the flavescence phenomenon of polycarbonate in irradiation process; Epoxide diluent and softening agent can reduce the second-order transition temperature of polycarbonate, the molecular motion with the quickening system in irradiation process, thereby the elimination of quickening free radical; Epoxide diluent and softening agent and polycarbonate have good consistency simultaneously, can make the toughness of material increase, and are beneficial to and keep mechanical property not descend and machine-shaping.
The medical polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation that the present invention is prepared, can be used for preparing in hemodialyzer, filter for blood dialysis and the medicine equipments such as transfusion filters, artificial lung and require transparent plastic component.Medicine equipment prepared by this polycarbonate compositions can adopt electron beam or gamma-ray irradiation sterilizing, thereby has overcome the shortcoming of autoclaving and ethylene oxide sterilizing existence.
The present invention adds stablizer, thinner and softening agent in polycarbonate, by the cooperative interaction between them, the polycarbonate material of preparation through the high-energy electron accelerator electron beam or
60After Co gamma-radiation (dosage is not more than 40KGy) irradiation, not flavescence of color, can keep good mechanical property and the transparency, the requirement of medical polycarbonate material be can meet, artificial kidney dialyzer, artificial lung, blood oxygenator, blood separator and anaesthetic vaporizer equipment can be used for and other need to operate and need the preparation of the medical facilities of irradiation sterilization under condition transparent, directly perceived.
Embodiment
Polycarbonate used in the present invention can be homo-polycarbonate, Copolycarbonate with and composition thereof.According to the structure of ester group, can be the broad varietys such as aliphatics, aromatic series, aliphatic-aromatic, but the mechanical property of general aliphatics and aliphatic-aromatic polycarbonate be lower than aromatic copolycarbonate, so the optimization aromatic polycarbonate.Polycarbonate can have been bought on market, preferably with dihydroxyphenyl propane sodium salt and phosgene, by interfacial polycondensation, react and make or aromatic copolycarbonate that dihydroxyphenyl propane and diphenyl carbonate make by melt phase polycondensation, the preferred 10g/min-30g/min of its melt flow rate (MFR), such polycarbonate has excellent physicals and shock strength, and the transmittance of visible ray is more than 90%.
Below with dihydroxyphenyl propane sodium salt and phosgene, by interfacial polycondensation, react and make or dihydroxyphenyl propane and diphenyl carbonate make by melt phase polycondensation, the aromatic copolycarbonate that melt flow rate (MFR) is 10g/min-30g/min is example, and the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Take 100 parts of polycarbonate polycarbonate resins, 0.3 part 2,5-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone, 0.3 part glycidyl allyl ether, 0.4 part polyoxypropyleneglycol ether, join in super mixer and mix 5 minutes, obtain pre-composition, then pre-composition is added to melt blending in screw extrusion press, forcing machine is 240-290 ℃ along charging opening to a mouthful mould direction temperature, die temperature is 270-290 ℃, screw speed is 40 rev/mins, and blend, through die extrusion, cooling, granulation, obtains the polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation.The above-mentioned materials that obtains is dry, be injected into standard test specimen, carry out mechanical property, yellowness index test after pre-irradiation, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
Take 100 parts of polycarbonate polycarbonate resins, 0.3 part Resorcinol dibenzyl ether, 0.1 propylene oxide phenyl ether, 0.3 part of epoxidised soybean oil, join in super mixer and mix 5 minutes, obtain pre-composition, then pre-composition is added to melt blending in screw extrusion press, forcing machine is 240-280 ℃ along charging opening to a mouthful mould direction temperature, die temperature is 270-280 ℃, screw speed is 60 rev/mins, and blend, through die extrusion, cooling, granulation, obtains the polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation.The above-mentioned materials that obtains is dry, be injected into standard test specimen, carry out mechanical property, yellowness index test after pre-irradiation, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
Take 100 parts of polycarbonate polycarbonate resins, 0.3 part Resorcinol dibenzyl ether, 0.1 part glycidyl allyl ether, 0.3 part dibenzyl ether, 0.1 part tri-n-butyl citrate, 0.3 part polyoxypropyleneglycol ether, join in super mixer and mix 5 minutes, obtain pre-composition, then pre-composition is added to melt blending in screw extrusion press, forcing machine is 230-280 ℃ along charging opening to a mouthful mould direction temperature, die temperature is 275-285 ℃, screw speed is 80 rev/mins, blend is through die extrusion, cooling, granulation, obtain the polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation.The above-mentioned materials that obtains is dry, be injected into standard test specimen, carry out mechanical property, yellowness index test after pre-irradiation, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
Take 100 parts of polycarbonate polycarbonate resins, 0.2 part Resorcinol dibenzyl ether, 0.2 part dibenzyl ketone, 0.2 part glycidyl allyl ether, 0.2 part phenyl glycidyl ether, 0.1 part epoxyoleic acid butyl ester, 0.2 part polyoxypropyleneglycol ether, join in super mixer and mix 5 minutes, obtain pre-composition, then pre-composition is added to melt blending in screw extrusion press, forcing machine is 230-280 ℃ along charging opening to a mouthful mould direction temperature, die temperature is 260-300 ℃, screw speed is 140 rev/mins, blend is through die extrusion, cooling, granulation, obtain the polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation.The above-mentioned materials that obtains is dry, be injected into standard test specimen, carry out mechanical property, yellowness index test after pre-irradiation, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
Take 100 parts of polycarbonate polycarbonate resins, 0.2 part 2, the 5-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone, 0.2 part butylglycidyl ether, 0.3 part polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 0.1 part epoxidised soybean oil, 0.1 part tri-n-butyl citrate, join in super mixer and mix 2 minutes, obtain pre-composition, then pre-composition is added to melt blending in screw extrusion press, forcing machine is 250-300 ℃ along charging opening to a mouthful mould direction temperature, die temperature is 280-300 ℃, screw speed is 100 rev/mins, blend is through die extrusion, cooling, granulation, obtain the polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation.The above-mentioned materials that obtains is dry, be injected into standard test specimen, carry out mechanical property, yellowness index test after pre-irradiation, after irradiation, 7 days tensile strengths are 61.9MPa, the yellowing factor index is 3.8.
Embodiment 6
Take 100 parts of polycarbonate polycarbonate resins, 0.4 part Resorcinol dibenzyl ether, 0.3 part dibenzyl ketone, 0.3 part propylene oxide phenyl ether, 0.1 part N-BUTYL ACETATE, 0.6 part polyoxypropyleneglycol ether, join in super mixer and mix 6 minutes, obtain pre-composition, then pre-composition is added to melt blending in screw extrusion press, forcing machine is 240-280 ℃ along charging opening to a mouthful mould direction temperature, die temperature is 270-280 ℃, screw speed is 120 rev/mins, and blend, through die extrusion, cooling, granulation, obtains the polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation.The above-mentioned materials that obtains is dry, be injected into standard test specimen, carry out mechanical property, yellowness index test after pre-irradiation, after irradiation, 7 days tensile strengths are 62.4 MPa, yellowness index is 4.8.
Embodiment 7
Take 100 parts of polycarbonate polycarbonate resins, 0.3 part Resorcinol dibenzyl ether, 0.2 part benzyl glycidyl ether, 0.2 part N-BUTYL ACETATE, 0.5 part epoxidised soybean oil, join in super mixer and mix 5 minutes, obtain pre-composition, then pre-composition is added to melt blending in screw extrusion press, forcing machine is 220-280 ℃ along charging opening to a mouthful mould direction temperature, and die temperature is 270-280 ℃, and screw speed is 60 rev/mins, blend, through die extrusion, cooling, granulation, obtains the polycarbonate material of anti-irradiation.The above-mentioned materials that obtains is dry, be injected into standard test specimen, carry out mechanical property, yellowness index test after pre-irradiation, after irradiation, 7 days tensile strengths are 64.5 MPa, yellowness index is 3.9.
The polycarbonate polycarbonate is not added to any composition, as a comparative example 1.The polycarbonate polycarbonate is mixed to as a comparative example 2 with 0.3 part of stablizer 2,5-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone.The polycarbonate polycarbonate is mixed to as a comparative example 3 with 1.0 parts of epoxide diluent polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ethers.By polycarbonate polycarbonate and 1.0 parts of softening agent epoxidised soybean oil, as a comparative example 4.Adopt identical extruding with injection technique to make sample comparative example 1-4, the product of comparative example and above-described embodiment 1-4 is exposed to respectively in the Co-60 gamma-rays of 25KGy or high-energy electron is intrafascicular that sample is carried out to irradiation, yellowness index according to the standard evaluation sample after pre-irradiation and irradiation, the mechanical properties such as the notched Izod impact strength according to GB/T1042.2-2006 and GB/T1043.1-2008 standard evaluation sample after pre-irradiation and irradiation, tensile strength, in Table 1.