CN102701696B - Ore rock similar material for model test for transferring open pit mining into underground mining - Google Patents
Ore rock similar material for model test for transferring open pit mining into underground mining Download PDFInfo
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- CN102701696B CN102701696B CN201210189082XA CN201210189082A CN102701696B CN 102701696 B CN102701696 B CN 102701696B CN 201210189082X A CN201210189082X A CN 201210189082XA CN 201210189082 A CN201210189082 A CN 201210189082A CN 102701696 B CN102701696 B CN 102701696B
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Abstract
The invention provides an ore rock similar material for a model test for transferring open pit mining into underground mining. The ore rock similar material at least comprises an ore body and upper and lower bottom wall surrounding rock body similar material and a fault simulation material, wherein the ore body and upper and lower bottom wall surrounding rock body similar material is formed by mixing and curing main aggregate, a cementing agent and additive; the main aggregate comprises barite powder and quartz sand and one of iron ore powder and reduced iron powder; the cementing agent is unsaturation resin and gypsum; the additive at least comprises glycerol and water; and the fault simulation material is a polypropylene film and is adhered to the ore body and upper and lower bottom wall surrounding rock body similar material. According to the similar material, the defects in the prior art are overcome; the ore rock similar material is low in preparation cost, stable in performance, easy to prepare, and short in curing period; the raw materials are wide in source and low in price and does not have any toxic or side effect; and scientific basis is provided for research on the relative scientific technology for realizing safe working of a mode of transferring open pit mining into underground mining.
Description
Technical field
The ore deposit petrofacies that the present invention relates to use in a kind of model trial of transition from open-pit underground mining are like material, particularly a kind of experimental model of taking into account ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material and fault simulation material.
Background technology
The transition from open-pit underground mining is the inexorable trend of Open Pit Mines At Home And Abroad development.In recovery process, high steep open slope and underground mining influence each other and restrict, and the existence of high steep open slope affects the safety of underground mining, and underground mining can affect the stable of slope project equally.Its mechanism that influences each other is basis and the theoretical foundation that guarantees Mine Safety in Production, and physical experiments is the important means of its research.The physical simulation experiment technology is according to similarity principle, specific engineering geological problems to be carried out the effective means of reduced scale research, can be more all sidedly, Simulation of Complex underground engineering structure, complex geological structure, complicated subterranean strata syntagmatic truly.Choosing of cast material is most important basic link in model trial, the rock analog material should satisfy the requirement that severe is large, intensity is low with modulus of deformation, elastoplasticity is similar to rock mass, find on all four cast material very difficult, usually the problem character of studying as required, through great many of experiments and analysis, seek and satisfy the similar material of significant parameter.
At present less to the physical Model Study of transition from open-pit underground mining, and existing cast material more or less possesses following shortcoming: as excessively in cast material intensity can't to satisfy small scale engineering entity ratio of similitude, the simulation rock body types is comparatively single, manufacture craft is comparatively complicated, material cost is high and source inconvenience etc.Must consider in addition the simulation of natural fault in the mould simulation to the transition from open-pit underground mining, and mainly from frictional coefficient and cohesive force two aspects considerations.The method that external many investigators adopt varnish to mix lubricating grease and talcum powder bonding aspect is simulated, the structural plane of this class methods simulation has higher frictional coefficient and cohesive force, but due to the impact on its adhesive property of temperature variation and spraying coating process, the achievement plastisied dispersion is large, poor stability.The fault structure face is simulated with the paper of different slicknesss etc. by the units such as institute of long section, Tsing-Hua University, and simulate effect is better, but the easy moisture absorption of paper, so is only applicable to the fault simulation under drying conditions.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of transition from open-pit underground mining model trial ore deposit petrofacies like material, solved the deficiency in the above-mentioned background technology, its preparation cost is cheap, technique is simple.
Realize that the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose of the present invention adopts is:
A kind of transition from open-pit underground mining model trial ore deposit petrofacies are like material, at least comprise ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material and fault simulation material, wherein ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are formed by main aggregate, jointing compound and additive mixing after fixing, main aggregate comprises ground barium sulfate and quartz sand, and a kind of in both of powdered iron ore, reduced iron powder, jointing compound is unsaturated polyester and gypsum, additive comprises G ﹠ W at least, and in described ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material, the mass percent of each component is:
Described fault simulation material is polypropylene film, and the fault simulation material binding is on ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material.
When ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body equivalent material simulating marble, the mass percent of described ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body each component of analog material and each component is:
When ore body and the long amphibolite of upper lower burrs country rock body equivalent material simulating, the mass percent of described ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body each component of analog material and each component is:
When ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body equivalent material simulating iron ore body, the mass percent of described ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body each component of analog material and each component is:
Described fault simulation material is bonded on ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material by white glue with vinyl.
Transition from open-pit underground mining model trial provided by the invention ore deposit petrofacies have following advantage like material:
1, be effectively to simulate the self-weight stress field of country rock, the larger reduced iron powder of severe, ground barium sulfate and powdered iron ore have been used in the present invention's formula, and less quartz sand and the gypsum of density, thereby the severe distribution range of analog material is larger, can effectively simulate the self-weight stress field of different depths place rock ore body.
2, cast material physical and mechanical parameter of the present invention is little and parameter variation range is wider, so cast material can satisfy the requirement of similarity of different sorts geomaterial.
3, the material test block after moulding is easy to cutting and bonding, therefore can be spliced into the test whole model of different shapes size.
4, the cast material of invention has stable in properties, manufacture craft is simple, curing cycle is short, material source is extensive and the inexpensive advantage such as have no side effect, and has higher practicality.
5, in the present invention, adopt polypropylene film simulation tomography material, it is high that polypropylene film has a light weight, nontoxic, odorless, protection against the tide, physical strength, the advantage such as good stability of the dimension, high-clarity, good luster, good barrier property, shock strength are high, low temperature resistant, its over-all properties is better than moistureproof glassine paper, polyethylene (PE) film, PET film, is a kind of desirable fault simulation material.
The present invention is actual in support take actual iron ore transition from open-pit underground mining engineering, develop all kinds of rocks ore deposit and tomography analog material, development is the basis of transition from open-pit subsurface model experimental study, have important supporting role to disclosing Caving Method with Large Space and the underground mining mechanism that influences each other, can supply the high gradient slope model investigation reference in the fields such as traffic, water conservancy and hydropower, mine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be in embodiment 1 prepared ore deposit petrofacies like the single compressing stress strain curve figure of material;
Fig. 2 be in embodiment 2 prepared ore deposit petrofacies like the single compressing stress strain curve figure of material;
Fig. 3 be in embodiment 3 prepared ore deposit petrofacies like the single compressing stress strain curve figure of material;
Fig. 4 be in embodiment 4 prepared ore deposit petrofacies like the single compressing stress strain curve figure of material;
Fig. 5 be in embodiment 5 prepared ore deposit petrofacies like the single compressing stress strain curve figure of material;
Fig. 6 be in embodiment 6 prepared ore deposit petrofacies like the single compressing stress strain curve figure of material;
Fig. 7 be in embodiment 7 prepared ore deposit petrofacies like the single compressing stress strain curve figure of material;
Fig. 8 be in embodiment 8 prepared ore deposit petrofacies like the single compressing stress strain curve figure of material;
Fig. 9 be in embodiment 9 prepared ore deposit petrofacies like the single compressing stress strain curve figure of material;
Figure 10 is the shear-stress figure of the fault simulation material in embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is done detailed specific description.
Embodiment 1
Ore body in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are made of following component:
Ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material preparation method are as follows: 1, fully mix is even by said ratio weighing master's aggregate and in cement plaster blender; 2, add successively consolidating material and additive, continue to stir 3～5 minutes; The compound that 3, will mix and stir is poured compaction moulding in steel die into; 4, form removal will be made good model and put into baking oven, and maintenance got final product in 7 days under 30 degree left and right constant temperature.
The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material maximum density can reach 2.84 g/cm
3, be suitable for simulating marble.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material single compressing stress strain curve are as shown in Figure 1.
The fault simulation material adopts polypropylene film.Ore body and the test block of upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are cut into the shape of tomography, then the white glue with vinyl with different denseness is bonded at polypropylene film between tomography both sides test block, in the present embodiment, the ratio of water and white glue with vinyl is 1:1, smear 3 strokes with hairbrush in test block and polypropylene film surface uniform, can test after white glue with vinyl is done.
The shear-stress figure of the fault simulation material that provides in the present embodiment as shown in figure 10, its fault belt shearing curve is:
y=0.834x+43.84
R
2=0.996
After testing, the ultimate compression strength of this fault simulation material is 46.17Kpa, and its physical strength is higher, and dimensional stabilizing is better and shock strength is also higher.
Embodiment 2
Ore body in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are made of following component:
Consistent in ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material preparation method and embodiment 1 in the present embodiment.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are suitable for simulating marble.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material single compressing stress strain curve as shown in Figure 2, its ultimate compression strength and play mould and can reach 0.91 Mpa and 186Mpa.
The fault simulation material adopts polypropylene film, prepares the fault simulation material according to method in the same manner as in Example 1.In the present embodiment, the ratio of water and white glue with vinyl is 1:1, smears 2 strokes with hairbrush in test block and polypropylene film surface uniform, can test after white glue with vinyl is done.
Embodiment 3
Ore body in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are made of following component:
Consistent in ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material preparation method and embodiment 1 in the present embodiment.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material density are 2.84 g/cm
3, be suitable for simulating marble.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material single compressing stress strain curve as shown in Figure 3, its ultimate compression strength and play mould and can reach 0.19 Mpa and 54.1Mpa.
The fault simulation material adopts polypropylene film, prepares the fault simulation material according to method in the same manner as in Example 1.In the present embodiment, the ratio of water and white glue with vinyl is 1:3, smears 1 stroke with hairbrush in test block and polypropylene film surface uniform, can test after white glue with vinyl is done.
Embodiment 4
Ore body in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are made of following component:
Consistent in ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material preparation method and embodiment 1 in the present embodiment.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material density are 2.93 g/cm
3, be suitable for simulating diorite.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material single compressing stress strain curve are as shown in Figure 4.
The fault simulation material adopts polypropylene film, prepares the fault simulation material according to method in the same manner as in Example 1.In the present embodiment, the ratio of water and white glue with vinyl is 1:3, smears 3 strokes with hairbrush in test block and polypropylene film surface uniform, can test after white glue with vinyl is done.
Embodiment 5
Ore body in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are made of following component:
Consistent in ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material preparation method and embodiment 1 in the present embodiment.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are suitable for simulating diorite.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material single compressing stress strain curve as shown in Figure 5, its ultimate compression strength and play mould and can reach 0.85Mpa and 171Mpa.
The fault simulation material adopts polypropylene film, prepares the fault simulation material according to method in the same manner as in Example 1.In the present embodiment, the ratio of water and white glue with vinyl is 1:7, smears 2 strokes with hairbrush in test block and polypropylene film surface uniform, can test after white glue with vinyl is done.
Embodiment 6
Ore body in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are made of following component:
Consistent in ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material preparation method and embodiment 1 in the present embodiment.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material density are 2.69 g/cm
3, be suitable for simulating diorite.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material single compressing stress strain curve as shown in Figure 6, its ultimate compression strength and play mould and can reach 0.36Mpa and 67.2Mpa.
The fault simulation material adopts polypropylene film, prepares the fault simulation material according to method in the same manner as in Example 1.In the present embodiment, the ratio of water and white glue with vinyl is 1:7, smears 1 stroke with hairbrush in test block and polypropylene film surface uniform, can test after white glue with vinyl is done.
Embodiment 7
Ore body in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are made of following component:
Consistent in ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material preparation method and embodiment 1 in the present embodiment.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material density are 3.76 g/cm
3, be suitable for simulating the iron ore body.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material single compressing stress strain curve are as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 8
Ore body in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are made of following component:
Consistent in ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material preparation method and embodiment 1 in the present embodiment.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are suitable for simulating the iron ore body.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material single compressing stress strain curve as shown in Figure 8, its ultimate compression strength and play mould and can reach 1.07Mpa and 194.7Mpa.
Embodiment 9
Ore body in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are made of following component:
Consistent in ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material preparation method and embodiment 1 in the present embodiment.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material density are 3.55 g/cm
3, be suitable for simulating the iron ore body.The ore body that makes in the present embodiment and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material single compressing stress strain curve as shown in Figure 9, its ultimate compression strength and play mould and can reach 0.31Mpa and 47.8Mpa.
Claims (5)
1. transition from open-pit underground mining model trial ore deposit petrofacies are like material, it is characterized in that: comprise at least ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material and fault simulation material, wherein ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material are formed by main aggregate, jointing compound and additive mixing after fixing, main aggregate comprises ground barium sulfate and quartz sand, and a kind of in both of powdered iron ore, reduced iron powder, jointing compound is unsaturated polyester and gypsum, additive comprises G ﹠ W at least, and in described ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material, the mass percent of each component is:
Each component concentration sum is 100%, and described fault simulation material is polypropylene film, and the fault simulation material binding is on ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material.
2. transition from open-pit underground mining model trial according to claim 1 ore deposit petrofacies are like material, and it is characterized in that: described ore body and each component of upper lower burrs country rock body analog material and the mass percent of each component are:
3. transition from open-pit underground mining model trial according to claim 1 ore deposit petrofacies are like material, and it is characterized in that: described ore body and each component of upper lower burrs country rock body analog material and the mass percent of each component are:
4. transition from open-pit underground mining model trial according to claim 1 ore deposit petrofacies are like material, and it is characterized in that: described ore body and each component of upper lower burrs country rock body analog material and the mass percent of each component are:
5. transition from open-pit underground mining model trial according to claim 1 ore deposit petrofacies are like material, and it is characterized in that: described fault simulation material is bonded on ore body and upper lower burrs country rock body analog material by white glue with vinyl.
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| CN103043986A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock soil similar material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103399139B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-12-02 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of open air trestle production model test method and pilot system thereof |
| CN104496387B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2018-03-27 | 中山大学 | A kind of analog material that water softening properties are met based on soft rock and preparation method thereof |
| CN105759011B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-01-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Slope blasting Dynamic Analysis Model test material, its upper lower burrs country rock body analog material, its shear-zone analog material and preparation method |
| CN106323658B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-07-27 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | A kind of simulation iron ore open air trestle exploitation induces the device and method of strata movement |
| CN107098655B (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2019-08-16 | 河南理工大学 | It is a kind of using polyurethane as fluid structurecoupling analog material of cementing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN109580912A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A method of research explosion inertia force acts on lower tomography side slope Dynamic response characteristic |
| CN109704708B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2021-07-27 | 山东理工大学 | Fracture zone similar material for solid-fluid coupling simulation experiment and preparation method thereof |
| CN110041038A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-23 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of rock analog material and preparation method for high-speed shadowgraph technique simulation |
| CN110470593A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-11-19 | 四川大学 | For quickly measuring the experimental rig and method of structural plane model material friction coefficient |
| CN111018421B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-04-16 | 山东大学 | Ultra-low permeability airtight rock stratum similar material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN100336769C (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-09-12 | 山东大学 | Iron spar powder, guartz sand cement rock-soil similar material and preparation process thereof |
| CN101614629B (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2011-07-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Softrock-like material and preparation method |
| CN101734899B (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2012-07-25 | 上海理工大学 | Test model clay for simulating IV-class surrounding rock and method for preparing same |
| CN102390961B (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2013-03-06 | 四川大学 | Geomechanical model simulating material for simulating rock mass and preparation method thereof |
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