CN102696279A - Electronic ballast circuit for lamps - Google Patents

Electronic ballast circuit for lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102696279A
CN102696279A CN2010800603691A CN201080060369A CN102696279A CN 102696279 A CN102696279 A CN 102696279A CN 2010800603691 A CN2010800603691 A CN 2010800603691A CN 201080060369 A CN201080060369 A CN 201080060369A CN 102696279 A CN102696279 A CN 102696279A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
ballast
lamp
limit
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Application number
CN2010800603691A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102696279B (en
Inventor
S.麦克内伊
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Genesis Systems Inc
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Genesis Systems Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/2821—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a single-switch converter or a parallel push-pull converter in the final stage
    • H05B41/2822—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a single-switch converter or a parallel push-pull converter in the final stage using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/2821—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a single-switch converter or a parallel push-pull converter in the final stage
    • H05B41/2824—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a single-switch converter or a parallel push-pull converter in the final stage using control circuits for the switching element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/382—Controlling the intensity of light during the transitional start-up phase

Abstract

An electronic ballast circuit includes a power factor correction circuit, a control and amplifier circuit, a ballast controller circuit and a ballast driver circuit. The ballast driver circuit includes a resonant circuit that connects to a lamp and a strike voltage limiter circuit that regulates the behavior of the resonant circuit. An overcurrent sensor circuit may be included to indirectly the control the ballast controller circuit via the control and amplifier circuit. The strike voltage limiter circuit uses varistors to change the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit to limit the voltage to the lamp.

Description

The circuit of electronic ballast of lamp
Related application
The application requires to be filed in the priority of the 61/257th, No. 194 U.S. Provisional Patent Application on November 2nd, 2009, and its content all is bonded in this literary composition as a reference.
Background technology
The present invention relates to lamp (such as, high-intensity discharge lamp and fluorescent lamp) ballast circuit.More specifically, the present invention relates to carry out the circuit that power limit characterizes (power limit characterization), electric current restriction and voltage limit to the lamp that ballast circuit drives.
Summary of the invention
On the one hand, the present invention relates to be used to limit the circuit of electronic ballast of the trigger voltage of lamp, comprising: the ballast driver circuit, it comprises: resonant circuit, this resonant circuit have first resonance frequency that is configured to drive lamp; And be connected to the pressure limiting circuit on the said resonant circuit.
When modulating voltage surpassed threshold voltage, first resonance frequency variable was second resonance frequency, thereby said modulating voltage clamp (clamp) is arrived said threshold voltage.
Resonant circuit can further comprise first inductor, and it is connected with the triggering capacitors in series with the operation capacitor, and lamp is jumped to triggers the capacitor two ends, and pressure limiting circuit is jumped to operation capacitor two ends.
Pressure limiting circuit can comprise: first rheostat, the trigger voltage that between the operation high side of capacitor and common electric voltage, is connected in series the charge high side capacitors and first diode; Second rheostat that between operation capacitor downside and said common electric voltage, is connected in series, the low side capacitors of trigger voltage charging and second diode; Wherein, Said first diode is arranged to conducting on first direction, and second diode is arranged to going up conducting in the opposite direction with first party.
Pressure limiting circuit can further comprise the 3rd rheostat, and its bridge joint is at trigger voltage charge between the high side capacitors and first diode first and second point between the low side capacitors of trigger voltage charging and second diode.
Can draw common electric voltage from the voltage divider that forms by first and second capacitors that jumped between a pair of bus.
The ballast driver circuit does not comprise the resistor that is configured for detection current status wherein fully, to alleviate the generation of power consumption and heat.
On the other hand, the present invention relates to circuit of electronic ballast, it comprises:
The ballast controller circuit, it is configured to export at least one drive signal;
Power factor correction circuit, the current sensing signal of its output reflecting voltage;
Control and amplifier circuit, it is configured to receive said current sensing signal, and the capability correction feedback signal is offered power factor correction circuit, and one or more output signals are provided, with control ballast controller circuit;
The ballast driver circuit, it is configured to receive said at least one drive signal from said ballast controller circuit, and said ballast driver circuit comprises:
The resonant circuit of connectable light; And
Be configured to regulate the pressure limiting circuit of the behavior of resonant circuit;
And
The overcurrent sensor circuit, it is configured to, and to control and amplifier circuit output signal, thereby controls the ballast controller circuit indirectly via control and amplifier circuit.
Again on the other hand, the present invention relates to circuit of electronic ballast, it comprises power factor correction circuit, control and amplifier circuit, ballast controller circuit and ballast driver circuit.The ballast driver circuit comprises resonant circuit, the pressure limiting circuit that it is connected to lamp and regulates the resonant circuit behavior.Can comprise the overcurrent sensor circuit, to control the ballast controller circuit indirectly via control and amplifier circuit.
Description of drawings
According to following detailed description of the invention, and the accompanying drawing below reading simultaneously, above-mentioned characteristic of the present invention will become and can more clearly be understood, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram according to the electric ballast of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the power factor correction circuit that in Fig. 1, uses in the ballast;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the controller that in Fig. 1, uses in the ballast and amplifier circuit;
Fig. 4 is dimmer interface that uses in the embodiment in figure 1 and the block diagram of supporting embodiment of circuit;
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of an embodiment of ballast controller and ballast driver circuit among the embodiment of Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the ballast driver that uses in the embodiment in figure 1 and pressure limiting circuit;
Fig. 7 is a schematic embodiment of the electric ballast of Fig. 1, shows EMI filtering and rectification circuit;
Fig. 8 is a schematic embodiment of the electric ballast of Fig. 1, shows power factor correction circuit;
Fig. 9 is a schematic embodiment of the electric ballast of Fig. 1, shows controller and amplifier circuit;
Figure 10 is a schematic embodiment of the electric ballast of Fig. 1, shows voltage modulator circuit;
Figure 11 is a schematic embodiment of the electric ballast of Fig. 1, shows ballast controller and ballast driver circuit;
Figure 12 is a schematic embodiment of the electric ballast of Fig. 1, shows light adjusting circuit and current-limiting circuit.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the block diagram according to an embodiment of the electric ballast 100 of one embodiment of the present of invention.Ballast 100 is configured to drive lamp 602, for example, high brightness discharge (HID) lamp (such as M132/M154), it has 320 watts power rating under 135 volts voltage rating.Such lamp 602 is applicable to illuminating big zone, such as parking lot or warehouse.The ballast 100 of such lamp 602 is connected to the power supply of 208Vac, 240Vac or 277Vac.It is 3 to 4KV trigger voltage that ballast 100 provides peak value, and under the frequency of 100KHz roughly, works.What those skilled in the art will recognize that is, these values will change with the technical specification and the recommended technology standard of the manufacturer of lamp, and do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Ballast 100 comprises: electromagnetic interface filter and rectifier bridge (" power supply ") circuit 110, power factor controller circuitry 120, VCC adjuster circuit 130, ballast driver circuit 140, control and amplifier circuit 150, overcurrent sensor circuit 160, ballast controller circuit 170 and dimmer circuit 180.In circuit 100, also there are extra assembly and function.
Ballast 100 is regulated the electric current that flows through load (such as lamp 120).Ballast 100 is a kind of electric ballasts, and its voltage of having simulated the reaction ballast in one embodiment is to power curve.Ballast 100 has the trigger current of restriction lamp and the characteristic of voltage.
Electromagnetic interface filter and rectifier bridge circuit 110 play the effect of power supply 110, and it is to the circuit supply of ballast 100 and lamp 602.Power supply 110 receives the first and second power input 112a, 112b and has ground connection input 114.Power supply 110 will arrive power transmission line 118a, 118b through the sinewave output of filtering, rectification.Electromagnetic interface filter and rectifier bridge circuit 110 are connected to power factor controller (PFC) circuit 120 downstream via power transmission line 118a, 118b, through being connected across the PFC input capacitor 116 between power transmission line 118a, the 118b.
Pfc circuit 120 receives the capability correction feedback signal 152 of Self Control and amplifier circuit 150.Pfc circuit 120 is in response to the voltage of capability correction feedback signal 152 adjustment+main bus 132a.Pfc circuit 120 output current sensing signals 158 use for other assembly in the ballast circuit 100.The generation and the enforcement of signal 152,158 have been described in greater detail below.Pfc circuit 120 helps to keep power factor as far as possible near 100%, so that to power supply 110 the high pay(useful) load of trying one's best (real load) is provided, so that satisfy the requirement of IEC61000-3-2, and improves efficient.The reaction ballast generally has low power factor.Pfc circuit 120 is equipped with power limit to characterize (power limit characterization) ability, and it makes ballast 100 approximate reverse answer the voltage of ballast and the relationship characteristic of power.The downstream of pfc circuit 120 are ballast controller circuit 170, and it is the circuit that bias voltage signal is provided to ballast driver circuit 140.
Ballast driver circuit 140 is to be similar to the frequency power supply of the resonant circuit 620 that drives lamp 602.What be associated with ballast driver circuit 140 is trigger voltage limiter (VL) circuit 610 of lamp, and its power supply lead-in wire 144a, 144b that has limited via lamp is applied to the trigger voltage on the lamp 602, thereby helps to increase the life-span of lamp.
VCC adjuster circuit 130 receives electric power from+main bus 132a, and on VCC bus 134 output first voltage, VCC bus 134 is connected on various other assemblies.VCC adjuster circuit 130 also comprises isolating transformer T100, has exported the power signal VCC-ISO138 that isolates from isolating transformer T100.Vcc bus 134 is by main bus 132a, 132b power supply. Bus filter capacitor 128a, 128b are jumped between the main bus.Therefore, the voltage of main bus 132a, 132b is corresponding to the voltage of bus filter capacitor 128a, 128b.In this way, when the voltage of bus filter capacitor 128a, 128b drops to threshold value when following, arrive the current interruptions of lamp 602.In addition, only exist through the physical essence (nature) of lamp and keep the required minimum driving voltage of lamp 602.Voltage modulator circuit 130 can produce the Vcc voltage below the lasting current potential (sustain level) that is in lamp from main bus 132a, 132b.This voltage modulator circuit 130 can be looked at as continuity circuit tolerance (' last-circuit-standing ').The hysteresis that Vcc closes (shutdown) is to adapt to power transmission line in order to cut off the power supply through trial " straight-through (carry-thru) " temporarily to interrupt.In one embodiment, voltage modulator circuit 130 makes the cycle of lamp 602 through 8 60Hz, but must be via the Vcc voltage retentive control state that is applied in the control circuit, and to be used for recovery, if in this case, lamp 602 does not extinguish as yet.Voltage modulator circuit 130 has the another kind of situation that powers on about ballast.Voltage modulator circuit 130 in Fig. 1 has the MOV (not shown); It is connected to it and starts the bias voltage pin; With prevent voltage modulator circuit 130 be lower than minimum value (for example, 190VAC) bus voltage at starts, with this as the protection characteristic.
What be associated with ballast controller circuit 170 is the triggering overcurrent sensor circuit 160 of lamp, its sensing reverse current, and, as applicatory, reset and trigger sequence, so that control improves performance through electric current being provided more accurately.Overcurrent sensor circuit 160 is connected on voltage VCC bus 134 and the voltage VCC ballast driver, and it is supplied to ballast driver circuit 140.Be in beyond the predetermined value if overcurrent sensor circuit 160 senses one or more voltages, then it is to control and amplifier circuit 150 output overcurrent signals 160.
Control and amplifier circuit 150 receptions are from the over-current signal 162 of overcurrent sensor circuit 160, from the dimmer bus correction signal 188 of dimmer time delay switch 186, and from the PFC current sensing signal 158 of power factor controller circuitry 120 etc.As response; Control and amplifier circuit 150 are to power factor control circuit 120 power output correction feedback signals 152, export back the dimmer delayed control signal to dimmer time delay switch 186; And to ballast on-off switch 168 output ballast controller on/off signals 154, these ballast on-off switch 168 controls are supplied to the voltage VCC ballast controller 176 of ballast controller circuit 170.
Dimmer circuit 180 receives dimmer voltage signal 182a, 182b; And output information; The circuit that this information totally is shown as dimmer time delay switch 186 uses; With the dimmer bus correction feedback signal 188 of generation to control and amplifier circuit 150, and the dimmer frequency adjustment signal 174 of giving ballast controller circuit 170.
Ballast on/off switch 168 receives the ballast controller on/off signal 154 of Self Control and amplifier circuit 150.Ballast on/off switch 168 is configured to, and according to ballast controller on/off signal 154 voltage VCC bus 134 optionally is connected to ballast controller circuit 170, as what below will go through.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment 200 of pfc circuit 120.PFC IC chip (" PFC IC ") 210 (, can buy) from ONNN company (ON semiconductor) such as NCP1650, the nuclear of composition pfc circuit 120.Through being used to provide the branch road rectifier D8 that powers on and charge of bus large value capacitor 128a, 128b, having reduced the peak power of power factor correction circuit 120 and handled requirement.In start-up course, utilize branch road rectifier 420 that branch road is provided, power factor correction circuit 120 just need not provide ballast driver circuit 140 needed boost voltages (boosted voltage).Need not tackle under the situation of full initial start electric current, power factor correction circuit 120 can roughly worked in the loading range of full power from 50% (for example, under full light modulation situation) effectively.
High power line (high power line) 118a is via comprising that the PFC branch line 122 of inductor L1 with the rectifier diode D2 that boosts is connected, form circuit 100+main bus 132a.Low-power line (low power line) 118b is directly connected to the pin two 26 of PFC ICC current sensor Is.Simultaneously ,-main bus 132b is connected to the ground pin GND of PFC IC.
PFC current-sense resistor 206 is parallel between the Iavg pin and ground pin GND of PFC IC.The voltage at PFC current-sense resistor 206 two ends is used by PFC 210, and influential to the value of the latter's Iavg pin.The value that PFC current-sense resistor 206 has be selected to can be in circuit acting minimum resistance, it is minimum to make that resistance is given birth to the loss in efficiency that thermal conductance causes, and becomes the realization of less expensive.At its Iavg pin place, PFC IC 210 output PFC current sensing signals 158, it is provided to other assembly, as what below will further discuss.PFC Iavg resistor 208 is connected to the Iavg pin of PFC IC on a side, and at opposite side ground connection (main bus 132b).The Iavg pin has the voltage levvl of the gain amplifier variation that is relevant to PFC IC 210.
+ main bus 132a and-what connect between the main bus 132s is high side first bus voltage grading resistor (divider resistor) 124 and the downside second bus voltage grading resistor 126, it has formed voltage divider jointly.Capability correction feedback signal 152 is imported into two bus voltage grading resistors 124, the node between 126; This node is connected to the feedback of PFC IC 210/close (FB SD) pin one 25, and the generation of capability correction feedback signal 152 will further specify below.
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment 300 of control and amplifier circuit 150.Like Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 finding, control and amplifier circuit 150 receive PFC current sensing signal 158, dimmer bus correction feedback signal 188, and overcurrent feedback signal 162.This control and amplifier circuit 150 output above-described capability correction feedback signal 152 (it is transfused to PFC IC 210), ballast controller on/off signal 154 and dimmer delayed control signals 156.
Whether control comprises operation comparator 310 with amplifier circuit 150, and it is realized as amplifier, and be configured to definite lamp 602 and be triggered and be under the continuously running duty.Operation comparator 310 receives from first input of PFC current sensing signal 158 and constitutes second input that moves comparator reference signal 314.Operation comparator reference signal 314 is arranged on more than the preheating power potential that is in lamp 602 and the threshold value of the current potential below the operation current potential.In response to these two inputs, operation comparator 310 output operating state signals 319.
Operating state signal 319 is applied to dimmer delay timer circuit 350, its output dimmer delayed control signal 156.Operating state signal 319 also is applied to trigger generator 340, and it is to use amplifier to realize, and output triggering signal 342.Operating state signal 319 and triggering signal 342 with overcurrent feedback signal 162, all are applied to ballast enable logic circuit 360.As response, ballast enable logic circuit 360 output ballast on/off signals 154, it is applied to ballast on/off switch 168, with final control ballast controller circuit 170.
Control and amplifier circuit 150 comprise that also power limit characterizes (PLC) circuit, its final power output correction feedback signal 152.The PLC circuit comprises that PLC first amplifier 320, PLC first amplify integrator 322, PLC second amplifier 330 and the PLC second amplifier limiter 332.PLC first amplifier 320 receives first input that comprises PFC current sensing signal 158, and, comprise second input of dimmer bus correction feedback signal 188.
Then, the output of PLC first amplifier is quadratured by the PLC first amplification integrator 322.Integrating circuit 322 has integration time constant, and it represents the warm-up time of lamp 602.Because the character of different circuits resistance value and lamp 602, warm is compared with course of normal operation, and the influence that lamp 602 is changed by bus voltage is less.Then, the output that PLC first amplifies integrator 322 is delivered to PLC second amplifier 330 as first input, and dimmer bus correction feedback signal 188 is used as second input and is and gives PLC second amplifier 330 simultaneously.The output of PLC second amplifier 330 limits threshold value the PLC second amplifier limiter 322 then.The output of the PLC second amplifier limiter 332 is provided as capability correction feedback signal 152 then.
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment 400 of dimmer interface that combines dimmer time delay switch 186 and the combination of supporting circuit 180.This combination 400 comprises dimmer transducer voltage adjuster 420, voltage is to duty cycle conversion device 410, a pair of optical isolator 440,450 and comprise that respectively the optical isolator of first and second enables transistors (enabling transistor) Q105, Q106 enables translation circuit 460.The dimmer interface with support circuit 180 also to comprise restricting circuits 470,480 and integrating circuit 472,482, like following discussion.Jointly, the first and second enables transistors Q105, Q106, restricting circuits 470,480 and integrating circuit 472,482 play the effect of the being seen device like dimmer time delay switch 186 of Fig. 1.
Dimmer transducer voltage adjuster receives VCC-ISO power signal 138, and responds high and low dimmer transducer VCC signal 420a, the 420b of its output.Voltage receives height and low (ground connection) dimmer input signal 182a, 182b respectively to duty cycle conversion device 410, and its scope is generally at 0 to 10 volt.Dimmer shunt resistor 184 is coupled between high dimmer input signal 182a and the high transducer VCC signal 420a, on when no dimmer signal exists, draws (pullup) high dimmer input.
The a pair of Norton type operational amplifier that voltage provides in single encapsulation to 410 uses of duty cycle conversion device (such as, LM2904) realize.First operational amplifier is worked under " dry running (free-run) " pattern, with the sawtooth waveform of from 0 to 10 volt of generation.Second operational amplifier is configured to comparator.The output of first operational amplifier is as first input gives second operational amplifier.Second input to second operational amplifier is high input dimmer signal 182a.Therefore second operational amplifier compares the instantaneous value of the sawtooth waveforms of first comparator output with high input dimmer signal 182a, and responds its output dimmer transducer output signal 414a, 414b.
Two optical isolators 440,450 can be realized as single encapsulation (for example 4N35).The internal body diodes of two optical isolators 440,450 is connected in series, and the negative electrode of first optical isolator 440 is connected to the anode of second optical isolator 450.Guaranteed like this to drive two optical isolators 440,450 with same signal.Therefore, like Fig. 4 finding, dimmer transducer output signal 414a is addressed to the anode of first first optical isolator 440, and the signal of dimmer transducer output simultaneously 414b is addressed to the negative electrode of second optical isolator 450.
Enables transistors Q105 and Q106 all are configured to activate simultaneously through dimmer delayed control signal 156.When activating simultaneously by dimmer delayed control signal 156, enable lead-in wire (base enable lead) 454,444 via corresponding base stage, transistor Q105, Q106 start the output of optical isolator 440,450 respectively.
The output 442 of the first optical isolator 440 dimmer frequency adjustment current potential limiter 470 of being fed, its output is supplied to dimmer frequency adjustment integrator 472.The output 442 of 472 pairs first optical isolators 440 of dimmer frequency adjustment integrator is quadratured, to produce dimmer frequency adjusted signal 174.
The output 452 of the second optical isolator 440 dimmer bus correcting potential limiter 480 of being fed, its output is supplied to the dimmer bus and proofreaies and correct integrator 482.The dimmer bus is proofreaied and correct the output 452 of 482 pairs second optical isolators 450 of integrator and is quadratured, to produce dimmer bus correction signal 188.
External circuit isolation barrier 490 is provided, has isolated with the electricity of enhancing between some assemblies of the embodiment 400 of dimmer interface and support circuit 18.
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment 500 of the combinational circuit of overcurrent sensor circuit 160, ballast driver circuit 140, ballast controller circuit 170 and ballast on/off switching circuit 168.
Ballast controller circuit 170 comprises ballast controller IC 520 (ballast controller IC 520), and it can be realized as FAN 7544, and this is known for those skilled in the art.
One of ballast controller IC 520 is output as the dimmer frequency adjusted signal 174 that is produced by dimmer interface circuit.Dimmer frequency adjusted signal 174 is connected to the RT pin of ballast controller IC 520.Totally be shown 511 parameter pin and connected, be used to be provided with ballast IC 520.These parameter pins can be connected to ballast controller and set scanning TC capacitor 512, ballast controller setting scanning TC resistor 514 (pin RPH), ballast controller setting running frequency capacitor 516, and ballast controller is set running frequency resistor 518 (pin RT).
Second input of ballast controller IC 520 is supply power voltage VCC, and it is optionally supplied with the VCC pin of ballast controller IC 520, so that voltage VCC ballast controller 176 to be provided.Voltage VCC ballast controller 176 receives 168 controls of ballast on/off switch.Ballast on/off switch 168 is realized as ballast controller switching transistor Q103.The emitter terminal 546 of transistor Q103 is connected to voltage VCC ballast driver 164.Voltage VCC ballast controller 176 is connected to the collector terminal of Q103 via collector resistor R109.In its base stage side, Q103 is connected to voltage VCC ballast driver 164 via high side ballast controller Vcc switch voltage grading resistor 545.Ballast controller on/off signal 154 is imported into the Q103 base stage via downside ballast controller Vcc switch voltage grading resistor 548.Therefore, the on/off ballast control signal 154 by control and amplifier circuit 154 outputs can be through cutting off the VCC of ballast controller, the operation of control ballast controller IC 520.
Overcurrent sensor circuit 160 comprises overcurrent sensing transistor Q110, and its base stage is connected to VCC bus 134 via Vcc base lines 539.The emitter of overcurrent sensing transistor Q110 is connected to voltage VCC ballast driver 164 via current sensor limit resistor 536, and sensing and compensating capacitor 538 is connected between emitter and the Vcc base lines 539 simultaneously.Between VCC bus 134 and voltage VCC ballast driver 164, be inserted with the sense diode 532 and sense resistor 534 that are connected in series.The collector electrode of transistor Q110 is via integrating circuit ground connection, and this integrating circuit comprises the sensing integrator resistor 535 and sensing integrator capacitor C129 that is connected in series.Capacitor signal 537 by the influence of the voltage 134,164 of VCC bus obtains is quadratured by sensing integrator resistor 535 and sensing integrator capacitor C129.The voltage levvl at sensing integrator capacitor C129 two ends is output into and is over-current signal 162, and it is supplied to control and amplifier circuit 150, and embodiment 300 is described with reference to figure 3 above.
When the voltage of bus filter capacitor 128a, 128b drops to threshold value when following, overcurrent sensor circuit 160 is reset and is triggered sequences. Bus filter capacitor 128a, 128b are connected to the bus that the drive circuit 140 of lamp 602 is supplied power.In the lamp trigger process, bus filter capacitor 128a, 128b provide and have started the required additional power of lamp 602.If lamp 602 starts failure, then bus filter capacitor 128a, 128b are by the consumption reduction of the relevant voltage in the bus voltage below threshold value to the greatest extent.The voltage threshold of bus filter capacitor/bus is the voltage levvl that indication lamp can not successfully trigger.Another characteristic of overcurrent sensor circuit 160 is, causes losing the circuit protection under the situation of normal voltage level in power supply and/or bus filtering capacitor fault.
Ballast controller IC 520 output drive signals 172, it is sent to the ballast driver IC 580 that belongs to ballast driver circuit 140.Discuss with reference to figure 6 as following, ballast driver circuit 140 receives these drive signals 172, to come operating light 602 via lamp power supply lead-in wire 144a, 144b.
Fig. 6 has explained circuit 600, and it comprises ballast driver and pressure limiting circuit 140, is used to drive lamp 602.Ballast driver integrated circuit 580 is provided with the electric power from voltage VCC ballast driver 164, and is connected to-main bus 132b.In addition, discuss as top, the ballast driver integrated circuit receives from the ballast controller circuit, and more specifically be the driver signal 172 from ballast controller chip 520.Ballast driver integrated circuit 580 has the output that is connected on power transistor Q100 and the Q101 grid.Transistor Q100 is connected to the power supply at+main bus 132a place, simultaneously transistor Q101 be connected to-main bus 132b place supplies power.The output of power transistor Q100 and Q101 is attached at and forms resonant circuit drive signal 650 together.Simultaneously, the node place between bus filter capacitor 128a, 128b has formed resonant circuit inverse signal (Cbus) 660 (see figure 1)s.
Like Fig. 6 finding, ballast driver and pressure limiting circuit 140 comprise resonant circuit 620 and trigger pressure limiting circuit 610.In the trigger process of lamp, generate high voltage at the two ends of lamp 602.What expect is the life-span of the trigger voltage of restriction lamp with the assurance lamp.
Resonant circuit 620 is configured to be inserted into the lc circuit between ballast driver 580 and the lamp 602.The resonance frequency that this resonant circuit 620 has equals the frequency of ballast driver 580.The frequency through making ballast driver 580 and the resonance frequency of resonant circuit 602 are complementary, and maximum power is delivered to lamp 602.Resonant circuit 620 comprises that lc circuit inductor 622, lc circuit operation capacitor 624 and lc circuit trigger capacitor 626.It is parallelly connected with lamp 602 electricity that lc circuit triggers capacitor 626.
Trigger pressure limiting circuit 610 have preheating/working voltage refuse to budge (standoff) high side rheostat 612a (" the first rheostat 612a "), trigger voltage charge high side capacitors 614a (" the first capacitor 614a "), trigger pressure limiting rheostat 618 (" bridge joint rheostats 618 "), the low side capacitors 612a (" the second capacitor 612a ") of trigger voltage charging; And preheating/working voltage downside rheostat 612b (" the second rheostat 612b ") that refuses to budge, be connected across the operation capacitor 624 between the lc circuit.
Known as those skilled in the art, rheostat has high resistance when threshold voltage is following.When the voltage at rheostat two ends surpasses threshold value, the rheostat conduction that becomes.In order to adapt to high voltage, can a plurality of rheostats be connected in series.In some embodiments of the invention, can use metal oxide varistor (MOV).
Bridge joint rheostat 906 also provides the connection that is used for corresponding diode 616a, 616b to the connection of each capacitor 614a, 614b.Diode 616a, 616b make capacitor 614a, 614b can be charged to the dc level.Rheostat 612a, 612b provide is enough to stop the voltage threshold that triggers the normal lamp operation of voltage limiter 620 interference drive potential.When the level in capacitor 614a, the accumulation of 614b two ends reaches the voltage limit of bridge joint rheostat 618; These bridge joint rheostat 618 conductings, thus the trigger voltage of lamp is constrained to the voltage of the accumulation voltage rating that equals the first and second rheostat 612a, 612b and bridge joint rheostat 618.The peak value of voltage waveform has overcome bridge joint rheostat 618, so that the electric current of the operation capacitor 624 that flows through the cross-over connection lc circuit to be provided.This electric current stops the continuation in resonance potential is set up to raise, and does not improve drive current.Therefore, its limited indirectly for use in the driver requirement aspect electric current and the size, and allow the more economical driver switch device of use, for switch and higher efficient faster, it typically has littler nC.
When the triggering of lamp takes place,, before generating over-current signal, reach the lamp trigger voltage owing to stopping that electric capacity 128a, 128b exhaust the delay that causes.On the other hand, the triggering that utilizes the frequency scanning that drives through the L/C resonance frequency to produce, the limited time of staying that has produced peak value trigger voltage place by L/C ' Q ' and the speed that scans.Needed the comparing of capacitor and full scan that stop on main bus has obviously few electric charge, and therefore, overcurrent has caused the termination that triggers.This has stoped the unsuccessful startup of known lamp 602 equally.For example, under state extremely out of control, high brightness discharge (HID) light fixture has the ability of lasting initial start electric arc.This control method that exhausts that stops has stoped electric arc to continue.
After lamp 602 triggered, the resonance lc circuit triggered electric capacity 626 and is shunted through the low relatively effective impedance of lamp 602.As a result, use an embodiment as an example, the 180KHz resonance frequency of resonant circuit 610 becomes 75KHz, and becomes and be mainly inductively, and this is because driving frequency is on the curve acclivity.Along with the arc transfer in the lamp 602 is a plasma, the required maximum current of lamp drops to 2.6A from 4A, and it is in typical specified runtime value.Under the situation of given driving impedance, typical lamp 602 will in minutes change.In view of the above, carry out the adjusting to power and/or brightness with lower speed, this almost or not discernable.And, going wrong for avoiding stability, regulations speed is lower than PFC power gain response characteristic.For example, PFC dynamic power gain characteristics is set at the speed of 5Hz, to support the operation of typical triggering and lamp.
Can find out that from aforementioned content voltage limiter 610 has limited the trigger voltage that when lamp 602 is opened, is applied by ballast circuit 140.Voltage limiter 610 uses rheostat to connect circuit unit (for example, capacitor), and it changes resonant circuit parameters according to voltage levvl.When reaching certain voltage, the rheostat conduction, and connect the circuit that is connected to resonant circuit 620.Voltage limiter 610 has changed the resonance frequency of resonant circuit 620, and it causes being clamped at maximum to the voltage of lamp 602.
Like Fig. 6 finding, ballast driver circuit 140 (comprising resonant circuit 610) and pressure limiting circuit 6100 do not have the resistor of the current status of the detection of being configured in circuit 140, and be different with ballast circuit of the prior art.Do not comprise that fully the power consumption that such resistor helps to alleviate in ballast circuit 100 generates with heat.
Though described the present invention with reference to one or more certain embodiments, this explanation is intended to carry out explanation generally, should not be interpreted into to limit the present invention among the shown embodiment.What should realize is, for those skilled in the art, different distortion can take place, though be not illustrated especially at this, but still within the scope of the invention.
List of reference numbers:
The 100--ballast circuit;
110--EMI and filter bridge circuit;
112a-input, N1;
112b-input, N2;
114-input, safety ground;
The 116--PFC input capacitor;
118a--is through rectified sine wave (+);
118b--is through rectified sine wave (-);
120--power factor controller;
The 122--branch line;
124--bus divider, high side;
125--PFC IC feeds back/closes pin;
126--bus divider, downside;
128a--bus filter capacitor is high;
128b--bus filter capacitor is low;
The 130--voltage modulator circuit;
The 132a--+ main bus;
The 132b---main bus;
The 134--Vcc bus;
138--Vcc-Iso；
140--ballast driver circuit;
144a--lamp power supply lead-in wire 1;
144b--lamp power supply lead-in wire 2;
150--control and amplifier circuit;
152--capability correction feedback signal;
154--ballast controller on/off signal;
156---dimmer delayed control signal;
158--PFC current sensing signal (from the Iavg pin of PFC IC);
160--overcurrent sensor circuit;
162--overcurrent feedback signal;
164--voltage VCC ballast driver;
168--ballast on-off switch;
170--ballast controller circuit;
The 172--drive signal;
174--ballast frequency adjusted signal;
176--voltage VCC-ballast controller;
The 180--dimmer circuit;
182a--light modulation input (+);
182b--light modulation input (-);
184--dimmer shunt resistor;
186--dimmer time delay switch;
188--dimmer bus correction feedback signal;
200--power factor controller circuitry;
The 206PFC current-sense resistor;
208--PFC Iavg resistor;
210--NCP 1650 (ONNN company);
300--controller and amplifier circuit;
310--moves comparator;
314--moves comparator reference;
The 319--operating state signal;
320--PLC amplifier 1;
322--PLC amplifies 1 integrator;
330--PLC amplifier 2;
332--PLC amplifies 2 limiters;
The 340--trigger generator;
The 342--triggering signal;
350--light modulation delay timer;
360--ballast enable logic;
400--dimmer interface and support circuit;
410--voltage is to the duty cycle conversion device;
414a, the output of b--light modulation transducer;
420--light modulation transducer Vcc adjuster;
420a--light modulation transducer Vcc+;
420b--light modulation transducer Vcc-;
The 430--T100 transformer;
440--optical isolator U104;
442--optical isolator U104 output;
444--optical isolator U104 enables;
450--optical isolator U105;
452--optical isolator U105 output;
454--optical isolator U105 enables;
The isolation of 460--light enables converter;
The Q105--the first transistor enables converter;
The Q106--transistor seconds enables converter;
470--dimmer frequency adjustment current potential limiter;
472--dimmer frequency adjustment integrator;
480--dimmer bus correcting potential limiter;
482--dimmer bus is proofreaied and correct integrator;
The 490--isolation barrier;
500--ballast controller and drive circuit;
511--ballast controller parameter pin;
The 512--ballast controller is set scanning TC capacitor;
The 514--ballast controller is set scanning TC resistor;
The 516--ballast controller is set the running frequency capacitor;
The 518--ballast controller is set running frequency resistor A;
The 520--ballast control IC;
The Q110--OC sensing transistor;
532--OC sense diode D116;
C129--OC sensing integrator capacitor;
534--OC sense resistor R139;
535--OC sensing integrator resistor;
536--OC sensing current-limiting resistor;
The 537--OC sensing signal;
538--OC sensing and compensating capacitor;
The Vcc circuit of 539--in the sensing transistor;
Q103--ballast controller Vcc switching transistor;
The high side ballast controller of 545--Vcc switch voltage grading resistor;
The emitter terminal of 546--ballast controller transistor switch;
The collector resistor of R109-ballast controller transistor switch;
548--downside ballast controller Vcc switch voltage grading resistor;
580--ballast driver IC IR2113;
600--ballast driver circuit;
The 602--lamp;
610--triggers voltage limiter;
612a--preheating/working voltage high side of refusing to budge;
612b--preheating/working voltage downside of refusing to budge;
The high side of 614a--trigger voltage charging capacitor;
614b--trigger voltage charging capacitor downside;
616a--triggers the high side of rectifier diodes;
616b--triggers the rectifier diodes downside;
618--triggers voltage limiter MOV;
620--resonance lc circuit;
622--resonance lc circuit inductor;
624--resonance lc circuit operation capacitor;
626--resonance lc circuit triggers capacitor;
650--resonant circuit driver signal;
660--resonant circuit inverse signal (Cbus).

Claims (28)

1. circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp comprises:
Ballast driver circuit (140), this ballast driver circuit (140) comprising:
Resonant circuit (620), it has first resonance frequency, and is configured to drive lamp (602);
And
Pressure limiting circuit (610), it is connected to said resonant circuit (620).
2. the said circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp, wherein
When the voltage of lamp surpassed threshold voltage, said first resonance frequency became second resonance frequency, thereby the voltage of said lamp is clamped to said threshold voltage.
3. circuit of electronic ballast as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
Said resonant circuit (620) comprises with operation capacitor (624) and triggers first inductor (622) that capacitor (626) is connected in series that said lamp (602) is connected across the two ends of said triggering capacitor (626); And
Said pressure limiting circuit (610) is jumped to said operation capacitor (624) two ends.
4. circuit of electronic ballast as claimed in claim 3, wherein, said pressure limiting circuit (610) comprising:
First rheostat (612a), the trigger voltage that between the high side of said operation capacitor (624) and common electric voltage (Cbus), is connected in series charge high side capacitors (614a) and first diode (616a);
Second rheostat (612b) that between the downside of said operation capacitor (624) and said common electric voltage (Cbus), is connected in series, the low side capacitors (614b) of trigger voltage charging and second diode (616b);
Wherein, said first diode (616a) is arranged to conducting on first direction, and said second diode (616b) is arranged to going up conducting in the opposite direction with said first party.
5. circuit of electronic ballast as claimed in claim 4, wherein, said pressure limiting circuit (610) further comprises:
The 3rd rheostat (618), it will be positioned at said trigger voltage and charge between high side capacitors (614a) and said first diode (616a) first and be positioned at second bridge joint between low side capacitors (614b) of said trigger voltage charging and said second diode (616b).
6. circuit of electronic ballast as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
Said common electric voltage (Cbus) is to obtain from the voltage divider that first and second capacitors (128a, 128b) that are connected across between a pair of bus (132a, 132b) form.
7. circuit of electronic ballast as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
Said ballast driver circuit (140) does not have the resistor that is disposed for detecting current status wherein, generates with heat to alleviate power consumption.
8. circuit of electronic ballast comprises:
The ballast controller circuit is configured to export at least one drive signal;
Power factor correction circuit, the current sensing signal of output reflecting voltage;
Control and amplifier circuit are configured to receive said current sensing signal, to said power factor correction circuit the capability correction feedback signal are provided, and, provide one or more output signals to control said ballast controller circuit;
The ballast driver circuit is configured to receive said at least one drive signal from said ballast controller circuit, and said ballast driver circuit comprises:
Can be connected to the resonant circuit of lamp; And
Be configured to regulate the pressure limiting circuit of the behavior of said resonant circuit;
And
The overcurrent sensor circuit is configured to said control and amplifier circuit output signal, thereby controls said ballast controller circuit indirectly via said control and amplifier circuit.
9. circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the lamp trigger voltage comprises:
Power supply circuits (110);
Power factor controller circuitry (120), it is connected to said power supply (110), and said power factor controller circuitry (120) comprises PFC integrated chip (210) and voltage divider.
10. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the lamp trigger voltage as claimed in claim 9, wherein, said voltage divider comprises the first bus voltage grading resistor (124) and the second bus voltage grading resistor (126).
11. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the lamp trigger voltage as claimed in claim 10 further comprises the node that is set between said first bus voltage grading resistor (124) and the said second bus voltage grading resistor (126).
12. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the lamp trigger voltage as claimed in claim 11, wherein, the said first bus voltage grading resistor (124) is set between first main bus (+main bus 132a) and the said node.
13. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the lamp trigger voltage as claimed in claim 11, wherein, the said second bus voltage grading resistor (124) is set between second main bus (main bus 132b) and the said node.
14. a circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp comprises:
Operation comparator (310);
Trigger generator (340), it is connected to said operation comparator (310); And
Ballast enable logic circuit (360), it is connected to said operation comparator (310) and said trigger generator (340).
15. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 14 further comprises dimmer delay timing circuit (350), it is connected to said operation comparator (310).
16. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 14 further comprises:
Power limit characterizes (PLC) circuit (317), and said PLC circuit (317) comprising: PLC first amplifier 320, the PLC first amplifier integrator 322, PLC second amplifier 330, and the PLC second amplifier limiter 332.
17. a circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp comprises:
Dimmer transducer voltage adjuster (420);
Voltage is to duty cycle conversion device (410), and it is connected to said dimmer transducer voltage adjuster (420);
First optical isolator (440), it is connected to said voltage to duty cycle conversion device (410); And
Second optical isolator (450), it is connected to said voltage to duty cycle conversion device (410).
18. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 17 further comprises being arranged on said dimmer transducer voltage adjuster (420) and said voltage to the dimmer shunt resistor (184) between the duty cycle conversion device (410).
19. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 17, wherein, said first light is isolated (440) and said second optical isolator (450) is connected in parallel.
20. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 19, wherein, the negative electrode of said first optical isolator (440) is connected to the anode of said second optical isolator (450).
21. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 17 further comprises:
Optical isolator enables converter circuit (460), and it comprises first enables transistors (Q105) and second enables transistors (Q106),
Wherein, said first enables transistors (Q105) is connected to said first optical isolator (440), and said second enables transistors (Q106) is connected to said second optical isolator (450).
22. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 21 further comprises:
Dimmer frequency adjustment current potential limiter (470), it is set between said first optical isolator (440) and the dimmer frequency adjustment integrator (472); And
Dimmer bus correcting potential limiter (480), it is set at said second optical isolator (440) and the dimmer bus is proofreaied and correct between the integrator (482).
23. a circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp comprises:
Overcurrent sensor circuit (160);
Ballast controller IC (IC) (520), it is connected to said overcurrent sensor circuit (160); And
Ballast driver circuit (140), it is connected to said ballast controller IC (520).
24. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 23, wherein, said overcurrent sensor circuit (160) comprises the overcurrent sensing transistor (Q110) that is connected to integrated circuit.
25. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 24, wherein, said integrated circuit comprises the sensing integrator resistor (535) that is connected in series with sensing integrator capacitor (C129).
26. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 23 further comprises: the sense diode (532) that is connected in series with sense resistor (534).
27. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 23, wherein, said ballast controller IC (520) further comprises:
A plurality of parameter pins (511); Said a plurality of parameter pin is connected to ballast controller and sets scanning TC capacitor (512), ballast controller setting scanning TC resistor 514, ballast controller setting running frequency capacitor (516), and ballast controller is set running frequency resistor (518).
28. the circuit of electronic ballast that is used to limit the trigger voltage of lamp as claimed in claim 23, wherein, said ballast controller IC (520) further comprises:
Ballast controller switching transistor (Q103); It comprises emitter terminal (546); Wherein said ballast controller switching transistor (Q103) is connected to collector resistor (R109), ballast controller Vcc switch voltage grading resistor (545), and ballast controller Vcc switch voltage grading resistor (548).
CN201080060369.1A 2009-11-02 2010-11-02 The circuit of electronic ballast of lamp Active CN102696279B (en)

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