CN102693095B - Data operation method and data operation device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a data operation device, which comprises an erasing unit for endowing marks of a plurality of parameters to be non-defined type values, a recording unit for recording a change time interval of a parameter of each non-defined type value and generating a change time interval sequence, a calculation unit for calculating an average value of the change time interval sequence of each parameter, a set change identification unit for judging the type of the parameter according the change time interval sequence of each parameter and the corresponding average value, and a distribution unit for distributing a set change type region, a specific time period region, a frequency change type region and a coupling change type region in a flash memory and storing different types of parameters to the corresponding type regions. The invention also provides a data operation device for performing different operation modes on different types of parameters and an operation method of the data operation device. Therefore, the reliability of a plurality of parameters can be guaranteed, the erasing frequency of the flash memory can be reduced, and the service life of the flash memory is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to data operations, and more particularly, to a data operation apparatus for operating parameters stored in a flash memory and an operating method thereof.
Background
Flash memory is composed of many units, each unit has a certain service life, and the erasable times are 10 to 100 ten thousand. Each cell may become gradually unstable or damaged as the number of erasures increases. Therefore, frequent erasing of the cells in the same area is avoided as much as possible, so as to prevent a part of the cells from being damaged in advance and the whole flash memory from being scrapped.
When the flash memory is applied to an embedded system, a region is reserved in the flash memory to serve as a parameter protection region for storing parameters of the embedded system, such as user setting, program running state, key information and the like. The erasing and writing mode of the parameter protection area comprises the following steps: immediately storing, namely erasing and writing the unit corresponding to the parameter storage area immediately once the parameter changes, and storing the parameter; regularly storing, namely regularly checking, and erasing and writing the unit corresponding to the parameter protection area if the parameters are changed, and storing the parameters; and manually storing, namely, erasing the unit corresponding to the parameter protection area when the user finds that the parameter is changed, and storing the parameter.
However, although the immediate storage method can ensure the timeliness of the parameters and thus ensure the reliability of the parameters, the number of times of erasing and writing of the parameter protection area is increased and the service life of the flash memory is shortened. Although the number of times of erasing and writing of the parameter protection area can be reduced by periodically storing the parameters, the reliability of the parameters cannot be ensured. Manual saving will increase the burden on the user and cannot ensure the reliability of the parameters.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a data operating apparatus and a method for operating the same, which can ensure the reliability of parameters and prolong the lifespan of a flash memory.
A data operation device for operating parameters saved in a flash memory, the flash memory comprises a parameter protection area and a mark area; the parameter protection area stores a plurality of parameters; the mark area is used for storing a plurality of marks for representing the types of the parameters; the types of the parameters comprise an undefined type, a set variant type, a frequency variant type and an even variant type; the plurality of flags include an undefined type value, a set variant type value, a frequency variant type value, and an even variant type value. The data manipulation device includes: an erasing unit for giving the plurality of flags the undefined type value; a recording unit for recording the variation time interval of each parameter and generating a variation time interval sequence; a calculation unit for calculating an average value of the sequence of variation time intervals of each parameter; the variable identification unit is used for judging whether the parameter is frequently changed only in a specific time period according to the change time interval sequence of each parameter and the corresponding average value; if yes, the parameter belongs to a set type, a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the set type value, and the specific time period is recorded; if the parameter is not the set type, judging whether the parameter changes frequently or not according to the average value corresponding to the change time interval sequence of the parameter; if yes, the parameter belongs to the frequency variation type, and a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the frequency variation type value; if not, the parameter is the even variant type, and a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the even variant type value; and an allocation unit allocates a set variable type area, a specific time period area, a frequency variable type area and an even variable type area in the flash memory, and stores the parameters belonging to the set variable type area, stores the specific time period corresponding to the parameters belonging to the set variable type to the specific time period area, stores the parameters belonging to the frequency variable type area and stores the parameters belonging to the even variable type area.
A data manipulation method for manipulating parameters saved in a flash memory, comprising: allocating a flag area in a flash memory; the flash memory comprises a parameter protection area; the parameter protection area stores a plurality of parameters; the mark area is used for storing a plurality of marks for representing the types of the parameters; the types of the parameters comprise an undefined type, a set variant type, a frequency variant type and an even variant type; the plurality of flags include an undefined type value, a set variant type value, a frequency variant type value, and an even variant type value; assigning each parameter of the plurality of parameters to mark the undefined type value; recording the variation time interval of each parameter, generating a variation time interval sequence, and calculating the average value of the variation time interval sequence of each parameter; judging whether the parameter changes frequently only in a specific time period according to the change time interval sequence of each parameter and the corresponding average value; if yes, the parameter belongs to a set type, a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the set type value, and the specific time period is recorded; if the parameter is not the set type, judging whether the parameter changes frequently or not according to the average value corresponding to the change time interval sequence of the parameter; if yes, the parameter belongs to the frequency variation type, and a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the frequency variation type value; if not, the parameter is the even variant type, and a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the even variant type value; the method comprises the steps of allocating a set variable type area, a specific time period area, a frequency variable type area and an even variable type area in the flash memory, storing parameters belonging to the set variable type area, storing specific time periods corresponding to the parameters belonging to the set variable type to the specific time period area, storing the parameters belonging to the frequency variable type area and storing the parameters belonging to the even variable type area.
The data operation device and the operation method thereof divide the parameters into different types and adopt different operation modes for the parameters of different types, thus not only ensuring the reliability of the parameters, but also reducing the erasing frequency of the flash memory and prolonging the service life of the flash memory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a state of data stored in a flash memory before a data operation is performed by a data operation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating another state of data stored in the flash memory after data operation is performed by the data operation device of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a data manipulation method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sub-flowchart of the data manipulation method of FIG. 3.
Description of the main elements
Flash memory 100
Logo area 102
Parameter protected area 104
Undefined type area 106
Frequency conversion type region 108
Even-variable type region 110
Region of type diversity 112
Specific time period zone 114
Data manipulation device 200
Dispensing unit 202
Erasing and writing unit 204
Recording unit 206
Computing unit 208
Collection and transformation identification unit 210
Operation unit 212
Embedded system 10
Parameter generating apparatus 300
The following detailed description will further illustrate the invention in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-3, a data manipulation method applied to a data manipulation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 001: a flag area 102 is allocated within a flash memory 100. TheFlash memory 100 includes a parameter protection area 104. The parameter protection area 104 stores a plurality of parameters x1,...xi,...xkWherein x isiThe ith parameter is represented, the embodiment has k parameters, i and k are positive integers, and i is less than or equal to k. The flag area 102 is used for storing a plurality of parameters x for representing the plurality of parameters1,...xi,...xkType of (1) mark a1,...ai,...akWherein a isiThe flag corresponding to the i-th parameter is shown, and in the present embodiment, there are k flags. The plurality of parameters x1,...xi,...xkThe types of (b) include undefined type, set variant type, frequency variant type, and even variant type. Wherein, the set variation type parameter refers to a parameter that such a parameter will be frequently changed in a certain period of time; the frequency-dependent parameters indicate that such parameters change frequently; the even-variant type parameter refers to a parameter that is changed less frequently; an undefined type parameter refers to a parameter whose parameter characteristics are not yet known.
The plurality of marks a1,...ai,...akThe values of (d) correspond to the presence of an undefined type value, a set variant type value, a frequency variant type value, and an even variant type value. For example, each flag a may be characterized by a two-bit (bit) valueiThe value:
| type of parameter | Sign value (two-bit binary data) |
| Undefined type | 00 |
| Type of frequency conversion | 01 |
| Even type | 10 |
| Types of collection and transformation | 11 |
Both the flash memory 100 and the data operation device 200 are applied to an embedded system 10. The data manipulation device 200 may comprise one or more chips or circuits (not shown), or may be code segments stored in a storage device (such as a hard disk or an optical disk, not shown) and executable by a central processing unit (not shown). Generally, the embedded system 10 includes a parameter generating device 300 in addition to the flash memory 100 and the data operating device 200. The parameter generation apparatus 300 may include one, more or all of the hardware of the embedded system 10. The parameter generating device 300 generates the plurality of parameters x1,...xi,...xk. The flash memory 100, the data operation device 200 and the parameter generation device 300 are connected and communicate via an input/output (I/O) bus.
The data operation device 200 includes an allocation unit 202, wherein the allocation unit 202 allocates the size of the flag region 102 and the parameter protection region 104 in advance, and allocates the start address S of the flag region 1021。
Step 002: without aligning the plurality of parameters x1,...xi,...xkBefore typing, the multiple parameters x1,...xi,...xkDefaults to the undefined type, i.e., default flag value a1,...ai,...akA type value is undefined. Specifically, the data operation device 200 includes an erase/write unit 204. At initialization, the erasure unit 204 assigns each flag aiFlag value of "00".
Step 003: recording each parameter xiTime interval t of change ofijAnd generates a sequence of varying time intervals ti1,...tij,...tinWherein, tijThe time interval between the j-th change and the j + 1-th change of the ith parameter is shown, and each parameter x is recorded in the embodimentiN time intervals, j and n are positive integers, and j +1 is less than or equal to n, calculating each parameter xiTime interval sequence t of changes ofi1,...tij,...tinAverage value of (2)
Specifically, the data manipulation device 200 includes a recording unit 206 and a calculating unit 208. The recording unit 206 is used for monitoring each parameter x output by the parameter generating device 300iAnd recording a corresponding sequence of time intervals t of the changei1,...tij,...tin. The calculation unit 208 is used for calculating each parameter xiTime interval sequence t of changes ofi1,...tij,...tinAverage value of (2)
Step 004: according to each parameter xiTime interval sequence t of changes ofi1,...tij,...tinAnd corresponding average valueDetermining the parameter xiWhether it is changed frequently only within a certain period of time. If yes, the parameter xiBelonging to the set variant, step 005 is performed. If not, the parameter xiNot of the set variant type, proceed to step 006.
As an example, the data manipulation device 200 may include a set variation identification unit 210, and the set variation identification unit 210 performs step S004. Specifically, the set-variable identification unit 210 judges each parameter x by performing the following sub-steps 0041 to 0045iWhether it belongs to the set variant type (i.e. only when specific)Frequent changes within the block):
referring to fig. 4, sub-step 0041: judging whether the parameter x exists or notiA variation time interval t ofijIf it is greater than a first preset time period, performing substep 0042, otherwise, determining the parameter xiInstead of the set type, step 006 is performed. In addition, it should be noted that the first predetermined time period may beBut is not limited toAnd may vary depending on the particular needs.
Substep 0042: remove the parameter xiTime interval sequence t of changes ofi1,...tij,...tinAll the variation time intervals of which are larger than a second preset time period, and calculating the average value of the remaining variation time interval sequencesSpecifically, the second preset time period may beBut is not limited toAnd may vary depending on the particular needs.
Substep 0043: determining the parameter xiCorresponding average valueWhether or not it is less than a predetermined first threshold value T1If yes, the parameter xiBelonging to the set variant, step 005 is performed. If not, the parameter xiAnd not of the set variant type.
Step 005: given the parameter xiCorresponding mark aiThe set of valuesAnd recording the specific time period Ti. Specifically, the erase/write unit 204 and the calculation unit 208 execute step 005. The erasure unit 204 assigns the parameter xiCorresponding mark aiFlag value of "11". The calculating unit 208 calculates the parameter xiThe corresponding specific time period:it should be noted that it is possible to provide,the values are empirical, and are not limited to the present embodiment, and may vary depending on the particular needs.
Step 006: according to the parameter xiTime interval sequence t of changes ofi1,...tij,...tinCorresponding average valueDetermining the parameter xiWhether the parameter x changes frequently or not, i.e. by judgingiWhether the sequence of time intervals of change of (d) changes frequently at all times ti1,...tij,...tinCorresponding average valueWhether or not it is less than a predetermined second threshold value T2. If yes, the parameter xiBelonging to the frequency conversion type, step 007 is performed. If not, the parameter xiFor this type of even variation, step 008 is performed.
Step 007: given the parameter xiCorresponding mark aiThe frequency variation type value. Specifically, the erase/write unit 204 performs the step of assigning the parameter xiCorresponding mark aiFlag value of "01".
Step 008: given the parameter xiCorresponding mark aiThe even type value. Specifically, the erase/write unit 204 performs the step of assigning the parameter xiCorresponding mark aiSymbol of "10The value is obtained.
Step 009: referring to fig. 2, an undefined type area 106, a frequency-varying type area 108, an even-varying type area 110, a set-varying type area 112 and a specific time period area 114 are allocated in the flash memory 100, and a parameter x belonging to the undefined type is assignediThe parameter x belonging to the frequency-dependent type saved in the undefined type area 106iSave to the frequency-variant type field 108, and assign the parameter x of the even-variant typeiThe parameter x to be saved to the even type field 110 and to be of the set typeiSave to the set type area 112 and assign the parameter x belonging to the set typeiCorresponding specific time period TiAnd saved to the special time period area 114.
Specifically, if the flag a is according to the undefined type value, the frequency variant type value, the even variant type value and the set variant type valueiAre respectively n1,n2,n3And n4The initial address of the parameter protection area 102 is S0. Then
The start address S of the undefined type area 1062＝S0；
The start address S of the frequency-dependent type region 1083＝S2+n1；
The start address S of the even-variable type region 1104＝S3+n2；
The start address S of the region 112 of the set type5＝S4+n3(ii) a And
the start address S of the specific time zone 1146＝S4+n4。
The allocation unit 202 bases on the start address S2,S3,S4,S5And S6The undefined type area 106, the frequency-varying type area 108, the even-varying type area 110, the set-varying type area 112, and the specific period area 114 are allocated within the flash memory 100. Generally, the plurality of parameters x1,...xi,...xkAfter classification, n1＝0。
After the undefined type area 106, the frequency-variable type area 108, the even-variable type area 110, the set-variable type area 112 and the specific time period area 114 are allocated, the parameter x belonging to the undefined type is allocatediThe parameters x belonging to the frequency-dependent type are stored in the undefined type area 106 in the order of arrangement in the parameter protection area 102iThe parameters x belonging to the even-variant type are stored in the frequency-variant type field 108 in the order of arrangement in the frequency-variant type field 102iThe parameters x belonging to the set variable type are stored in the unaligned type area 110 in the order of arrangement in the parameter protection area 102iThe parameters x belonging to the undefined type are stored in the set variable type area 112 in the order of arrangement in the parameter protection area 102iCorresponding specific time period TiThe correspondence is stored in the specific time zone 114. Specifically, the allocation unit 202 performs step 009.
In other embodiments of the invention, the parameter xiThe type of the parameter x can be set by default by the system, i.e. the type area to which the parameter x belongs can be defined without performing the steps in fig. 2 and 3 as described aboveiType of (2) and save parameter xiInto its corresponding type region.
In any of the above embodiments, the data operation apparatus 200 may further include an operation unit 212 for operating each parameter x in the set type area 112iIf at the parameter xiCorresponding specific time period TiIn the parameter xiIf no more changes are made, the parameter x is savedi(ii) a Periodically checking each parameter x of the frequency-dependent type region 108iIf a change occurs, the parameter x is savedi(ii) a And for each parameter x in the even-variable type region 110iAnd once changed, saved. Since each parameter x in the even-variable type region 110iIt has less variation and thus does not increase the erase/write frequency of the even type region 110.
By dividing the parameters into different types and adopting different operation modes for the parameters of different types, the reliability of the parameters can be ensured, the erasing times of the flash memory can be reduced, and the service life of the flash memory can be prolonged.
In conclusion, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that suitable changes and modifications of the above embodiments are within the scope of the claimed invention as long as they are within the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A data operation device for operating parameters saved in a flash memory is characterized in that the flash memory comprises a parameter protection area and a mark area; the parameter protection area stores a plurality of parameters; the mark area is used for storing a plurality of marks for representing the types of the parameters; the types of the parameters comprise an undefined type, a set variant type, a frequency variant type and an even variant type; the plurality of flags include an undefined type value, a set variant type value, a frequency variant type value, and an even variant type value;
the data manipulation device includes:
an erasing unit for giving each of the plurality of parameters the undefined type value;
a recording unit for recording the variation time interval of each parameter and generating a variation time interval sequence;
a calculation unit for calculating an average value of the sequence of variation time intervals of each parameter;
the variable identification unit is used for judging whether the parameter is frequently changed only in a specific time period according to the change time interval sequence of each parameter and the corresponding average value; if yes, the parameter belongs to a set type, a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the set type value, and the specific time period is recorded; if the parameter is not the set type, judging whether the parameter changes frequently or not according to the average value corresponding to the change time interval sequence of the parameter; if yes, the parameter belongs to the frequency variation type, and a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the frequency variation type value; if not, the parameter is the even variant type, and a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the even variant type value; and
an allocation unit allocates a set variable type area, a specific time period area, a frequency variable type area and an even variable type area in the flash memory, and stores the parameters belonging to the set variable type area, stores the specific time period corresponding to the parameters belonging to the set variable type to the specific time period area, stores the parameters belonging to the frequency variable type area and stores the parameters belonging to the even variable type area.
2. The data manipulation device of claim 1 wherein the set-variant identification unit determines whether the parameter x is presentiA variation time interval t ofijIf the time is more than a first preset time period, the parameter x is removediTime interval sequence t of changes ofi1,...tij,...tinIs greater than a second predetermined time period, wherein tijIndicating the time interval between the j (th) change and the j +1 (th) change of the ith parameter, and recording each parameterxiN time intervals, j and n are positive integers, and j +1 is less than or equal to n, and calculating the average value of the remaining variation time interval sequencesIf not, the parameter xiAnd not the set variant type.
3. The data manipulation device of claim 2 wherein said first predetermined period of time isAnd the second predetermined period of time isWherein,representing each parameter xiTime interval sequence t of changes ofi1,...tij,...tinAverage value of (a).
4. The data manipulation device of claim 2 wherein the set-variant identification unit is configured to determine the parameter xiCorresponding average valueWhether or not it is less than a predetermined first threshold value T1If yes, the parameter xiBelongs to the set type, if not, the parameter xiAnd not of the set variant type.
5. The data manipulation device of claim 4 wherein the set variant identification unit is configured to identify the parameter x as the parameteriNot belonging to the set type, by judging the parameter xiWhether the sequence of time intervals of change of (1) changes frequently at all times, i.e. ti1,...tij,...tinCorresponding average valueWhether or not it is less than a predetermined second threshold value T2If so, the parameter xiBelonging to the frequency variation type, if not, the parameter xiBelonging to the even variant type.
6. The data manipulation device of claim 4 wherein the set variant type parameter xiThe corresponding specific time period:
7. the data manipulation device of claim 1 wherein the erasure unit assigns the set-variant parameter xiCorresponding mark aiFlag value of "11".
8. The data manipulation device of claim 1 wherein the erasure unit assigns the frequency dependent type parameter xiCorresponding mark aiFlag value of "01".
9. The data manipulation device of claim 1 wherein the erasure unit assigns the parameter x of the even typeiCorresponding mark aiA flag value of "10".
10. The data manipulation device of claim 1, further comprising an operation unit for: if the parameter is not changed in the specific time period corresponding to the parameter, storing each parameter in the set variable type area; periodically checking each parameter of the frequency conversion type area, and if the parameter is changed, saving the parameter; and for each parameter in the even-variable type region, saving the parameter once changed.
11. A data manipulation method for manipulating parameters saved in a flash memory, comprising:
allocating a flag area in a flash memory; the flash memory comprises a parameter protection area; the parameter protection area stores a plurality of parameters; the mark area is used for storing a plurality of marks for representing the types of the parameters; the types of the parameters comprise an undefined type, a set variant type, a frequency variant type and an even variant type; the plurality of flags include an undefined type value, a set variant type value, a frequency variant type value, and an even variant type value;
assigning each parameter of the plurality of parameters to mark the undefined type value;
recording the variation time interval of each parameter, generating a variation time interval sequence, and calculating the average value of the variation time interval sequence of each parameter;
judging whether the parameter changes frequently only in a specific time period according to the change time interval sequence of each parameter and the corresponding average value; if yes, the parameter belongs to a set type, a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the set type value, and the specific time period is recorded; if the parameter is not the set type, judging whether the parameter changes frequently or not according to the average value corresponding to the change time interval sequence of the parameter; if yes, the parameter belongs to the frequency variation type, and a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the frequency variation type value; if not, the parameter is the even variant type, and a mark corresponding to the parameter is given to the even variant type value;
the method comprises the steps of allocating a set variable type area, a specific time period area, a frequency variable type area and an even variable type area in the flash memory, storing parameters belonging to the set variable type area, storing specific time periods corresponding to the parameters belonging to the set variable type to the specific time period area, storing the parameters belonging to the frequency variable type area and storing the parameters belonging to the even variable type area.
12. As claimed in claim 11The data operation method, characterized in that the method further comprises: judging whether the parameter x exists or notiA variation time interval t ofijIf the time is more than a first preset time period, the parameter x is removediTime interval sequence t of changes ofi1,...tij,...tinIs greater than a second predetermined time period, wherein tijRepresenting the time interval between the j-th change and the j + 1-th change of the ith parameter, and recording each parameter xiN time intervals, j and n are positive integers, and j +1 is less than or equal to n, and calculating the average value of the remaining variation time interval sequencesIf not, the parameter xiAnd not the set variant type.
13. The data manipulation method of claim 12 wherein said first predetermined period of time isAnd the second predetermined period of time isWherein,representing each parameter xiTime interval sequence t of changes ofi1,...tij,...tinAverage value of (a).
14. The data manipulation method of claim 12 wherein the method further comprises: determining the parameter xiCorresponding average valueWhether or not it is less than a predetermined first threshold value T1If yes, the parameter xiBelongs to the set type, if not, the parameter xiAnd not of the set variant type.
15. The data manipulation method of claim 14 wherein the method further comprises: when the parameter xiNot belonging to the set type, by judging the parameter xiWhether the sequence of time intervals of change of (1) changes frequently at all times, i.e. ti1,...tij,...tinCorresponding average valueWhether or not it is less than a predetermined second threshold value T2If so, the parameter xiBelonging to the frequency variation type, if not, the parameter xiBelonging to the even variant type.
16. The data manipulation method of claim 11 further comprising:
the parameter is not changed in a specific time period corresponding to the parameter, and each parameter in the set variable type area is stored; periodically checking each parameter of the frequency conversion type area, and if the parameter is changed, saving the parameter; and for each parameter in the even-variable type region, saving the parameter once changed.
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| CN101770430A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-07-07 | J·鲁德利克 | Method and apparatus to profile RAM memory objects for displacement with nonvolatile memory |
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