CN102692425A - T/P91 steel ageing rating method based on precipitated phase fractional area - Google Patents
T/P91 steel ageing rating method based on precipitated phase fractional area Download PDFInfo
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- CN102692425A CN102692425A CN2012102162942A CN201210216294A CN102692425A CN 102692425 A CN102692425 A CN 102692425A CN 2012102162942 A CN2012102162942 A CN 2012102162942A CN 201210216294 A CN201210216294 A CN 201210216294A CN 102692425 A CN102692425 A CN 102692425A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a T/P91 steel ageing rating method based on precipitated phase area fraction. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, intercepting a test sample to be evaluated, and preparing a metallographic phase test sample; 2, acquiring a metallographic phase tissue picture of the metallographic phase test sample; 3, calculating the precipitated phase area fraction according to the pixel difference of the precipitated phase in the metallographic phase tissue picture, wherein the metallographic phase tissue picture is the percentage of the precipitated phase particle area to the field-of-view total area; and 4, performing ageing rating on the test sample to be evaluated according to the precipitated phase area fraction. The invention provides a T/P91 steel ageing rating method with quantitative reaction, so that an intuitive evaluation parameter on ageing of T/P91 steel is provided for scientific research and process study personnel.
Description
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Technical field
The invention belongs to ferrous materials check field, relate in particular to the aging ranking method of a kind of T/P91 steel based on the precipitated phase area fraction.
Background technology
The T/P91 steel is because it good high-temperature performance that possesses and relatively cheap price are widely used in overcritical, ultra (surpassing) the critical unit boiler steel for pipe in fuel-burning power plant; The T/P91 steel can wear out in long-term use; Usability descends, and in this ageing process, is accompanied by a series of variations of precipitated phase.And in the aging practice of assessment T/P91 steel, generally be that the technician relies on experience to provide the conclusion of a degree of aging, subjective, cause certain puzzlement for related scientific research and technologist.At present, also there is not the aging ranking method of a kind of objectively T/P91 steel.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the aging ranking method of a kind of T/P91 steel based on the precipitated phase area fraction; This method is the aging ranking method of a kind of objectively T/P91 steel; Can give a T/P91 steel degree of aging grading intuitively of related scientific research and technologist parameter, bring very big facility for related scientific research and technologist's work.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The aging ranking method of a kind of T/P91 steel based on the precipitated phase area fraction comprises step:
Step 1, intercepting sample to be evaluated, preparation metallographic specimen;
Step 2 is obtained the metallographic structure picture of metallographic specimen;
Step 3 calculates the precipitated phase area fraction according to the pixel difference of precipitated phase among the metallographic structure figure, and described precipitated phase area fraction is the number percent that precipitated phase particle area accounts for the visual field total area;
Step 4, according to precipitated phase area fraction size to the sample to be evaluated grading of wearing out.
In the above-mentioned steps 2, adopt optical microscope or ESEM to obtain the metallographic structure picture of metallographic specimen.
For the accuracy that the precipitated phase area fraction calculates, before step 3, need carry out pre-service to the metallographic structure picture, be specially: artificial cognition is also rejected non-precipitated phase zone approaching with the precipitated phase color among the metallographic structure figure.
In the above-mentioned steps 4, treat the grading sample according to precipitated phase area fraction size according to following rule and grade:
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 0 < S≤1.6%, aging grade was 1 grade, and the precipitated phase particle of this moment is tiny, negligible amounts;
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 1.6%＜S≤2.1%, aging grade was 2 grades, and the precipitated phase quantity of this moment is more;
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 2.1%＜S≤3.4%, aging grade was 3 grades, and the precipitated phase quantity of this moment is many, did not have nodularization to occur;
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 23.4%＜S≤4.9%, aging grade was 4 grades, and the precipitated phase quantity of this moment is a lot, and spherodization is arranged;
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 4.9%＜S, aging grade was 5 grades, and the precipitated phase quantity of this moment is more, and has precipitated phase to be gathered into bulk.
Along with aging grade from 1 grade to 5 grades, the degree of aging of T/P91 steel increases the weight of gradually.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
The invention provides the aging ranking method of a kind of quantitative reaction T/P91 steel; Adopt this method can obtain the objectively aging grade of T/P91 steel; Can give a T/P91 steel degree of aging grading intuitively of related scientific research and technologist parameter, bring very big facility for related scientific research and technologist's work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 1 grade reference SEM metallographic structure picture for aging grade;
Fig. 2 is 2 grades reference SEM metallographic structure picture for aging grade;
Fig. 3 is 4 grades reference SEM metallographic structure picture for aging grade;
Fig. 4 is 4 grades reference SEM metallographic structure picture for aging grade;
Fig. 5 is 5 grades reference SEM metallographic structure picture for aging grade;
Fig. 6 is the SEM metallographic structure picture of sample among the embodiment.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes the aging ranking method of a kind of T/P91 steel based on the precipitated phase area fraction, its embodiment is:
At first, intercepting sample to be evaluated, the preparation metallographic specimen is specially: intercepting sample to be evaluated, make its size satisfy metallographic specimen, adopt abrasive paper for metallograph to grind successively then, after polishing, immerse in the etching pit solution and corrode, obtain metallographic specimen.
Secondly, obtain the metallographic structure picture of metallographic specimen, specifically can adopt ESEM (SEM) or optical microscope to obtain the metallographic structure picture.
Then; Pixel difference according to precipitated phase among the metallographic structure figure calculates the precipitated phase area fraction; Described precipitated phase area fraction is the number percent that precipitated phase particle area accounts for the visual field total area, and in this area, the precipitated phase area fraction in industry communicates with the precipitated phase volume fraction.
Specifically can adopt IMAGEJ or image-pro-plus software to calculate the precipitated phase area fraction.For the accuracy of calculating; Before calculating the precipitated phase area fraction; The function artificial cognition that software capable of using carries is also rejected non-precipitated phase zone approaching with the precipitated phase color in the metallographic structure picture; These and the approaching non-precipitated phase zone of precipitated phase color mainly are to be brought by picture shooting and metallographic specimen preparation, and these non-precipitated phase zones are owing to little with precipitated phase pixel difference, if do not weed out in advance; When adopting software identification, can cause and obscure, thereby influence the accuracy that the precipitated phase area fraction calculates with precipitated phase.
At last, to the sample to be evaluated grading of wearing out, the aging evaluation principle that is adopted is following according to precipitated phase area fraction size:
1 grade: the precipitated phase particle is tiny, negligible amounts, and precipitated phase area fraction S≤1.6%, the reference SEM metallographic structure picture under this rank is as shown in Figure 1;
2 grades: precipitated phase quantity is more, precipitated phase area fraction 1.6%＜S≤2.1%, and, the reference SEM metallographic structure picture under this rank is as shown in Figure 2;
3 grades: precipitated phase quantity is many, does not have nodularization to occur, precipitated phase area fraction 2.1%＜S≤3.4%, and, the reference SEM metallographic structure picture under this rank is as shown in Figure 3;
4 grades: precipitated phase quantity is a lot, and spherodization is arranged, precipitated phase area fraction 3.4%＜S≤4.9%, and, the reference SEM metallographic structure picture under this rank is as shown in Figure 4;
5 grades: precipitated phase quantity is more, and has precipitated phase to be gathered into bulk, precipitated phase area fraction 4.9%＜S, and, the reference SEM metallographic structure picture under this rank is as shown in Figure 5.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further introduction:
Get the subcritical boiler reheater T91 steel pipe of Anhui power plant actual motion, its running temperature is 570 ℃, and pressure is 17.0MPa, is of a size of Ф 65mm * 5mm, and 65mm is an outer diameter of steel pipes, and 5mm is a steel pipe thickness, and be 4.3 ten thousand h working time.
Adopt the inventive method to the grading of wearing out of this steel pipe at present.The sample of line cutting intercepting one segment length 10mm, wide 5mm, high 5mm adopts 200#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1200#, 1600#, 3000# abrasive paper for metallograph that the sample metallographic is ground successively, after polishing, uses FeCl
3Solution corrodes, the FeCl that is adopted
3Solution is with 5gFeCl
3Be dissolved in the alcohol of 10ml hydrochloric acid and 25ml and make, etching time is 5s; After corrosion, sample to be observed test under QYANTA 400 scanning electron microscope (SEM), enlargement factor is 2000, obtains metallographic structure picture as shown in Figure 6; Adopting the area fraction of this sample precipitated phase of IMAGEJ computed in software is 2.09%.Therefore, the aging grade of this steel pipe is 2 grades.
In the above-described embodiments, etching time is controlled in 5～10s and all can.The calculating of precipitated phase area fraction also can adopt image-pro-plus software to calculate.
Claims (4)
1. the aging ranking method of the T/P91 steel based on the precipitated phase area fraction is characterized in that, comprises step:
Step 1, intercepting sample to be evaluated, preparation metallographic specimen;
Step 2 is obtained the metallographic structure picture of metallographic specimen;
Step 3 calculates the precipitated phase area fraction according to the pixel difference of precipitated phase among the metallographic structure figure, and described precipitated phase area fraction is the number percent that precipitated phase particle area accounts for the visual field total area;
Step 4, according to precipitated phase area fraction size to the sample to be evaluated grading of wearing out.
2. the aging ranking method of the T/P91 steel based on the precipitated phase area fraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
In the described step 2, adopt optical microscope or ESEM to obtain the metallographic structure picture of metallographic specimen.
3. the aging ranking method of the T/P91 steel based on the precipitated phase area fraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Before step 3, the pretreated step of metallographic structure picture is arranged, be specially: artificial cognition is also rejected non-precipitated phase zone approaching with the precipitated phase color among the metallographic structure figure.
4. the aging ranking method of the T/P91 steel based on the precipitated phase area fraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
In the described step 4, according to following rule sample to be evaluated is graded according to precipitated phase area fraction size:
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 0 < S≤1.6%, aging grade was 1 grade;
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 1.6%＜S≤2.1%, aging grade was 2 grades;
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 2.1%＜S≤3.4%, aging grade was 3 grades;
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 23.4%＜S≤4.9%, aging grade was 4 grades;
When precipitated phase area fraction S was 4.9%＜S, aging grade was 5 grades.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103063549A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Ageing rating method for T/P91 steel based on diameter of precipitated phase particle |
| CN103063496A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-24 | 上海宝冶工程技术有限公司 | Brass dezincification-resistance sample preparation method |
| CN103308372A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-18 | 武汉大学 | T91-steel ageing ranking method based on transmission electron microscope |
| CN103499465A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-08 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Field sampling method of T/P92 steel ultra supercritical boiler tube |
| CN103630566A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-03-12 | 广州市特种承压设备检测研究院 | Super 304 steel aging rating method based on precipitated phase area fraction of scanning electron microscope |
| CN103822810A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-28 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Preparation method of sample for optical direct-reading spectrometer |
| CN104713827A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | HP-type furnace pipe structure deterioration grading method |
| CN106198592A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-12-07 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | The measuring method of precipitate volume fraction in a kind of nickel base superalloy |
| CN108152133A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-12 | 国电锅炉压力容器检验中心 | A kind of heat-resisting steel part deterioration appraisal procedure |
| CN110108541A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-09 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of High Purity Gold microstructure sample |
| CN112001446A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Method and device for determining aging grade of high-chromium martensite heat-resistant steel structure |
-
2012
- 2012-06-28 CN CN2012102162942A patent/CN102692425A/en active Pending
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| 钟万里 等: "高温应力时效后Ｔ９１钢组织与性能的演变", 《武汉大学学报（工学版）》 * |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103063549A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Ageing rating method for T/P91 steel based on diameter of precipitated phase particle |
| CN103063496A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-24 | 上海宝冶工程技术有限公司 | Brass dezincification-resistance sample preparation method |
| CN103063496B (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2015-06-10 | 上海宝冶工程技术有限公司 | Brass dezincification-resistance sample preparation method |
| CN103308372B (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-04-15 | 武汉大学 | T91-steel ageing ranking method based on transmission electron microscope |
| CN103308372A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-18 | 武汉大学 | T91-steel ageing ranking method based on transmission electron microscope |
| CN103499465A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-08 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Field sampling method of T/P92 steel ultra supercritical boiler tube |
| CN103499465B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2016-06-01 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of T/P92 steel ultra-supercritical boiler pipeline field sampling method |
| CN103630566A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-03-12 | 广州市特种承压设备检测研究院 | Super 304 steel aging rating method based on precipitated phase area fraction of scanning electron microscope |
| CN104713827A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | HP-type furnace pipe structure deterioration grading method |
| CN103822810A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-28 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Preparation method of sample for optical direct-reading spectrometer |
| CN106198592A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-12-07 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | The measuring method of precipitate volume fraction in a kind of nickel base superalloy |
| CN108152133A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-12 | 国电锅炉压力容器检验中心 | A kind of heat-resisting steel part deterioration appraisal procedure |
| CN110108541A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-09 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of High Purity Gold microstructure sample |
| CN110108541B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2021-09-03 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of high-purity gold microstructure sample |
| CN112001446A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Method and device for determining aging grade of high-chromium martensite heat-resistant steel structure |
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Application publication date: 20120926 |