CN102692373A - Stress corrosion sensitivity evaluation device based on small punch rod test technology - Google Patents
Stress corrosion sensitivity evaluation device based on small punch rod test technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102692373A CN102692373A CN201210196916XA CN201210196916A CN102692373A CN 102692373 A CN102692373 A CN 102692373A CN 201210196916X A CN201210196916X A CN 201210196916XA CN 201210196916 A CN201210196916 A CN 201210196916A CN 102692373 A CN102692373 A CN 102692373A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stress corrosion sensitivity evaluation device based on the small punch rod test technology. The device comprises a tube body, a clamp and a pressure exerting device, wherein the clamp is arranged in the tube body and is used for clamping a test sample to be tested, the pressure exerting device is arranged on the test sample, a cavity is arranged inside the clamp, one end of the cavity inside clamp is communicated with an inner cavity of the tube body, and one end of the cavity is communicated with the test sample to be tested. When the device is used, a special sampling device is matched, the nearly lossless and fast stress corrosion resistance performance evaluation can be carried out on in-service equipment, and the problem of stress corrosion sensitivity evaluation difficulty of micro test samples and single side treatment test samples can be effectively solved. The stress corrosion sensitivity evaluation device has the advantages that through inspection by a large number of experiments, data is stable and reliable, the experiment period is short (from several hours to tens of hours), and the stress corrosion sensitivity evaluation device is faster and more reliable than a slow stretching method. The device is simple, the manufacture and the processing are easy, the storage and the installation are convenient, the operation is simple, and the controllability is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating, especially a kind of Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating based on little jumper bar measuring technology.
Technical background
Exist the stainless steel component of a large amount of long services in chemical industry and the nuclear power industry, long-play under rigorous environment such as high temperature, high pressure and radiation, various inefficacies can appear in parts of stainless steel unavoidably, and wherein stress corrosion crack occupies larger proportion.Therefore how correctly to estimate the theme that becomes common concern at the stress-corrosion-cracking resistance of labour parts fast.The parts detection of can under the prerequisite that needn't stop, taking a sample because guarantee to be on active service; This comes tiny sample is carried out stress corrosion dehiscence resistant (Stress Corrosion Cracking is hereinafter to be referred as SCC) Performance Evaluation fast with regard to needing a kind of brand-new measuring technology.Little jumper bar measuring technology (Small Punch Test (SPT) Technique) is a kind of new not only effective but also economic safety detection method that grows up gradually at the eighties initial stage, and a kind of not only have " harmless sampling " property but also have the novel test method of accurate reliability.SPT utilizes jumper bar with certain speed punching press sample thin slice, load～displacement (distortion amount of deflection) data of record test piece from be deformed to the whole process that lost efficacy, and analysis draws the various performance parameters of material whereby.This technology has been widely used in conventional mechanical property and croop property of evaluating material etc. now.But the anti-stress corrosion performance that is used for evaluating material still belongs to rarely.Experiment showed, the sampler that cooperation is special in a large number through us, can accomplish fully under the prerequisite that stops production of not stopping, its anti-stress corrosion performance to be assessed.
Since carrying out stress corrosion crack research from eighties of last century, the various sample type and corresponding testing machine of pattern appearred, and all kinds of test methods of standard.The test objective that different samples is had nothing in common with each other, the susceptibility that has just to the test stress corrosion cracking; The then requirement that has records stress corrosion cracking (SCC) spreading rate da/dt; The limit stress σ that also requires to record stress corrosion crack that has
c, the stress intensity factor initial value K of stress corrosion is measured in the then requirement that has
ISCC(also being critical value).The test method of existing stress corrosion crack has following several types substantially:
(1) sample that processes of the test for stress corrosion cracking under the permanent displacement makes it obtain a certain amount of predeformation (displacement) earlier; Then this dependent variable (displacement) is fixed with the clip tool; Put into corrosion environment and let alone to take place cracking and expansion, the distortion (displacement) of sample is fixed all the time in the overall process of test.The test method that this stress takes place can not only can be used in the laboratory without any need for testing machine, also can do hanging test at the scene, and both sides are convenient.The sample type of the permanent displacement stress corrosion cracking of this type test is a lot, samples such as C shape ring, U-shaped, three-point bending, four-point bending (pure bending), NOL ring for example, and the sample present situation is as shown in Figure 1.
(2) the WOL sample this be to develop by the compact tensile specimen (CT sample) of fracturing mechanics to come to be used at corrosion environment test stress corrosion cracking (SCC) spreading rate da/dt and stress corrosion crack critical stress intensity factors K
ISCCThe sample of value.Can be referring to Fig. 2.
(3) test for stress corrosion cracking under the constant load is suspended on tensile sample on the cupping machine that loads with counterweight, and tensile sample must be immersed in the corrosive medium environmental cabinet of sealing.Perhaps adopt cantilever beam specimen, a level is clamped on the chuck of fixed frame, and the part of being tried of sample is immersed in the corrosive medium environmental cabinet of sealing, and the other end of cantilever is then hanging counterweight again and loading.Generally the central authorities at this cantilever beam specimen have breach.Like Fig. 3 a, 3b.
(4) slow this method of tension test method of constant strain rate is with special round bar shape tensile sample or plate shaped sample, and two ends are clamped on the special cupping machine, and sample puts the environmental cabinet of corrosive medium outward, keeps constant during loading and strain rate slowly.If this medium is had stress corrosion inclination by the examination material, then can in continual plastic strain deformation process, germinate stress corrosion cracking (SCC), and constantly expansion, preferably impel sample to rupture.The characteristics of this test method mainly are that the people imposes on the continuous plastic strain slowly of sample, and to keep this strain rate be constant.If stress corrosion crack has taken place, the fracture of final sample is the rock-candy structure of macroscopic view, if stress corrosion crack does not take place, then finally is the plastic fracture that after plastic strain is quite big, is formed with obvious constriction.This test also is called " slowly stretch " test for short, and is considered to a kind of reliable stress corrosion crack rapid testing procedure, the result accurately and reliably, the counter stress corrosion test has higher sensitivity, is particularly suitable for the rapid screening that material is carried out in the laboratory.The existing test method that has formed standard.Referring to Fig. 4.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming a difficult problem in labour equipment its anti-SCC performance of rapid evaluation under the prerequisite that does not stop production, the invention provides a kind of device of the rapid evaluation material SCC susceptibility based on little jumper bar method of testing, concrete technical scheme is following:
A kind of Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating based on little jumper bar measuring technology; Comprise a cylindrical shell; One be arranged in the cylindrical shell, in order to the anchor clamps of clamping sample to be tested, and place the device for exerting on the sample, the inner cavity that exists of anchor clamps; This anchor clamps internal cavity one end is communicated with cylinder lumen, and an end is communicated to sample to be tested.
Further, said anchor clamps comprise the last anchor clamps that are arranged at sample to be tested top respectively and the lower clamp below the sample to be tested, and said anchor clamps internal cavity is arranged in the lower clamp.
Further, said lower clamp intracoelomic cavity body comprises the horizontal through hole of always wearing anchor clamps, and is communicated with the upright opening that passes the lower clamp upper surface with this horizontal through hole.
Further; Its exit of said upright opening is designed for rounding, and said horizontal through-hole diameter is 8～12mm, and upright opening is 4mm and the fillet that R=1 or 0.5mm are arranged; This is the bigger the better in fact; Exactly in order to let solution contact with sample, this horizontal via design fully contacts with sample to be tested with so that etchant solution can be filled in around the sample to be tested test surfaces always.
Further, said device for exerting passes said anchor clamps and contacts with sample to be tested, and said device for exerting comprises a load head and extension thereof so that the depression bar of exerting pressure to sample to be tested, and said depression bar is with being provided with a steel ball between sample to be tested, and its diameter adapts with depression bar.Steel ball and depression bar diameter are 2.5mm and its hardness number must not be lower than HRC55, and considered had decay resistance preferably when material was selected.
Further, said device is provided with a top cover, has through hole that feeds load head and the position, hole that cut-in temperature meter and condenser pipe are arranged on this top cover, and is provided with one and adds the thermal control device to control temperature in the inner cylindrical shell installing the outside.
Further, said sample to be tested is of a size of diameter 10mm, the sequin of thickness 0.5 ± 0.01mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
This device has utilized little jumper bar measuring technology principle to develop a kind of device that is applied to assess the SCC performance; This device contains the little jumper bar anchor clamps that are communicated with cylinder lumen and sample to be tested through in cylindrical shell, being provided with one; And be aided with device for exerting; Realized the fast detecting of SCC performance, and, solved a difficult problem that does not stop production and test simultaneously at the labour parts because its required sample is less.
Particularly, the present invention has designed a kind of rational device and technical scheme, cooperates the specific sampler can, fast anti-stress corrosion performance assessment harmless to being close at labour equipment.Can solve tiny sample and single face effectively and handle the difficult problem of Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion assessment of sample.
And technical scheme is through a large amount of experimental checks, and data stabilization is reliable, and the test period short (several hours do not wait to ten several hours) is than slow drawing process fast and reliable more.Device is simple, is easy to make processing, deposits, easy for installation, and operation is convenient, and controllability is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is permanent displacement stress corrosion cracking test sample synoptic diagram, and Fig. 1 a is a C type ring sample, and Fig. 1 b is a U type ring sample, and Fig. 1 c is the NOL ring sample, and Fig. 1 d is the three-point bending sample, and Fig. 1 e is the four-point bending sample.
Fig. 2 is a WOL sample synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 a is a pole tensile stress etching cracking sample synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 b is a square-section semi-girder test for stress corrosion cracking synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the slow tensile sample synoptic diagram of constant strain rate.
Fig. 5 is little jumper bar normal stress corrosion testing apparatus general assembly drawing.
Fig. 6 is the medium and small jumper bar anchor clamps assembling of a Fig. 5 enlarged drawing.
Fig. 7 is little jumper bar sample synoptic diagram.
Fig. 8 is an anchor clamps sectional view on the little jumper bar.
Fig. 9 is little jumper bar lower clamp section and vertical view.
Figure 10 is capping top view and A-A diagrammatic cross-section.
Figure 11 uses the little jumper bar load displacement curve that apparatus of the present invention are obtained.
The reference numeral explanation
Among Fig. 2, l is breach opening displacement measured place.
01 is environmental cabinet among Fig. 3 a/ Fig. 3 b, and 02 is semi-girder examination/tensile sample, and 03 is counterweight.
Among Fig. 4,01 is environmental cabinet, and 02 is tensile sample, and 04 is the cupping machine upper grip, and 05 is the cupping machine lower chuck.
Among Fig. 5,1 is the load pressure head, and 2 is thermometer hole, and 3 are the condensation hole, and 4 is top cover, and 5 is depression bar, and 6 is last anchor clamps, and 7 is heating and temperature controlling device, and 8 is steel ball, and 9 is sample to be tested, and 10 is lower clamp, and 11 is cylindrical shell, and 12 is base boss, and 13 is upright opening, and 14 is horizontal through hole.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further explain, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
See also Fig. 5～Fig. 6, be the present embodiment principle schematic, this apparatus for evaluating; Comprise a cylindrical shell 11, one top covers 4, be arranged in the cylindrical shell, in order to the anchor clamps of clamping sample to be tested 9; Specifically comprise anchor clamps 6 and lower clamp 10, and place the device for exerting on the sample to be tested 9.This sample to be tested 9 is held between anchor clamps 6 and the lower clamp 10.This device for exerting comprises load head 1 that passes top cover 4 and the depression bar 5 that extends, and a steel ball 8 is set between depression bar 5 and the sample to be tested 9.The inner cavity that exists of anchor clamps; In the present embodiment; This cavity is arranged at lower clamp 10 inside, is made up of horizontal through hole that runs through lower clamp 10 14 and the upright opening 13 that passes lower clamp 10 upper surfaces, and this horizontal through hole 14 two ends outlet is communicated with cylindrical shell 11 inner chambers; Upright opening 13 outlets are communicated to sample to be tested 9, so that etchant solution can be filled in around the sample testing surface always.Chamfer design has also been used in these upright opening 13 exits, so that obtain the stress of stable experimental result, optimization sample.Have the through hole that feeds load head 1 on the said device top cover 4 and position, cut-in temperature meter hole 2 is arranged and the position, hole 3 of condenser pipe, and can be provided with one in the device outside and add thermal control device 7 to control temperature in the inner cylindrical shell.In the present embodiment, anchor clamps through one be fixed in cylindrical shell 11 bottoms base convex 12 embed fixing.
See also Fig. 7～Figure 10; Be the optimum illustration intention of the concrete dimensional structure of being adopted of present embodiment sample 9, anchor clamps and top cover 4; Sample to be tested 9 is chosen diameter 10mm, the sequin of thickness 0.5 ± 0.01mm, and steel ball and depression bar diameter are 2.5mm and its hardness number must not be lower than HRC55; The horizontal via design of lower clamp 10 is diameter 10mm; Central vertical hole 14 choose 4mm and have radius be 1mm fillet, through overtesting, radius is that the fillet of 0.5mm also can reach equal good technological effect.
Little jumper bar normal stress corrosion testing apparatus of the present invention can be installed to existing universal testing machine (being cupping machine) and go up the realization loading.
During practical implementation, earlier cylindrical shell 11 is fixed on the universal testing machine lower chuck.Further the little jumper bar mould of assembling is placed in sample 9 on the base boss 12 of lower clamp 10 earlier, covers anchor clamps 6 and affixed with bolt then, puts into steel ball 8 and depression bar 5 successively from the central through hole of last anchor clamps afterwards.The little jumper bar mould that further will assemble is placed on the base boss 12 of the cylindrical shell that has fixed.Further inject corrosive medium, the medium height should be higher than little jumper bar lower clamp 10 to guarantee that sample is immersed in the surrounding medium all the time in experimentation.Further that top cover 4 and cylindrical shell 11 is affixed with bolt.Further load head 1 is installed on the universal testing machine on the anchor clamps and with gap fiting mode through top cap central bore to little jumper bar depression bar near.If corrosive liquid has temperature requirement; Also can on cylindrical shell 11 outer cover, be connected with heating and temperature controlling device 7; Simultaneously can have thermometer hole 2 as required on the top cover, thermometer embedded the stopper latter twine to tie up and fill in the hole behind the band again and carry out thermometric and prevent that solution from volatilizing at thermometer hole in a large number.Fill in condensation hole 3 behind the condenser pipe looping teflon adhesive tape and carry out condensing reflux to guarantee that solution concentration is kept constant in the cylindrical shell.Do not have temperature requirement and do not have volatility then top cover and heating temperature control device etc. can be installed like solution.
Loading procedure realizes that through the downward punching press of universal tensile testing machine clamping load head the fall off rate of its load head should be controlled at 10 for little jumper bar normal stress corrosion susceptibility assessment
-2～10
-5Mm/min, this has test speed faster than traditional slow pulling method.
See also Figure 11; For using the little jumper bar load displacement curve that obtains under apparatus of the present invention and the previous experiments method prerequisite; Concrete experiment condition is: sample to be tested 304L stainless steel carries out conventional mechanical property test and SCC sensitivity tests, speed 3 * 10 respectively in air and 1mol/L NaCl+0.5mol/L HCl solution
-3Mm/min, test temperature is room temperature.Can find clearly that this device and technical scheme can be assessed the anti-SCC performance of material effectively and quickly, and have good data repeatability.
Being merely the preferred embodiment of invention in sum, is not to be used for limiting practical range of the present invention.Be that all equivalences of doing according to the content of claim of the present invention change and modification, all should be technological category of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating based on little jumper bar measuring technology; Comprise a cylindrical shell, one be arranged in the cylindrical shell,, and place the device for exerting on the sample to be tested in order to the anchor clamps of clamping sample to be tested; It is characterized in that; The inner cavity that exists of anchor clamps, this anchor clamps internal cavity one end is communicated with cylinder lumen, and an end is communicated to sample to be tested.
2. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said anchor clamps comprise the last anchor clamps that are arranged at sample to be tested top respectively and the lower clamp below the sample to be tested, and said anchor clamps internal cavity is arranged in the lower clamp.
3. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said lower clamp internal cavity comprises the horizontal through hole of always wearing anchor clamps, and is communicated with the upright opening that passes the lower clamp upper surface with this horizontal through hole.
4. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said horizontal through-hole diameter is 8～12mm, and upright opening is 4mm.
5. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating according to claim 3 is characterized in that, its exit of said upright opening is designed for rounding.
6. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said fillet is that radius is 1 or the fillet of 0.5mm.
7. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said device for exerting passes said anchor clamps and contacts with sample to be tested; Said device for exerting comprises a load head and extension thereof so that the depression bar of exerting pressure to sample to be tested, and said depression bar is with being provided with a steel ball between sample to be tested.
8. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the diameter of its depression bar and steel ball is 2.5mm.
9. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating according to claim 1 is characterized in that said device is provided with a top cover, and this top cover is provided with condensation hole and thermometer hole, and is provided with one in the device outside and adds the thermal control device with control cylindrical shell internal temperature.
10. Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion apparatus for evaluating according to claim 1 is characterized in that said sample to be tested is of a size of diameter 10mm, the sequin of thickness 0.5 ± 0.01mm.
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| CN103163035A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-06-19 | 北京科技大学 | Continuous loading indentation stress corrosion tester and test method therefor |
| CN103364262A (en) * | 2013-07-06 | 2013-10-23 | 郑州大学 | Combined experimental device for polymer environmental stress cracking |
| CN103913393A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2014-07-09 | 南通大学 | Method for quickly calculating steel stress corrosion cracking time applicable to ocean engineering |
| CN104792638A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Device and method for testing metal corrosion fatigue crack extension |
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| CN105973793A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-28 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Downhole stress corrosion testing method and device |
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| CN108693026A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-10-23 | 宁波诺丁汉大学 | A kind of small punch test system and its test method based on acoustic emission sensor |
| CN109813594A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-28 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of deep-sea hydrogen causes the small jumper bar test device and method of stress cracking behavior |
| CN110231218A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-09-13 | 西南石油大学 | The constant strain stress corrosion testing device and its test method of a kind of analog scene corrosive environment |
| CN112326551A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for testing performance of composite steel plate |
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| CN105973793B (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2019-01-18 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of underground stress corrosion test method and device |
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| CN106198198A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-12-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of four-point bending sample holding device for stress corrosion and loading method |
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Application publication date: 20120926 |