CN102685591A - Digital set-top box - Google Patents
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- CN102685591A CN102685591A CN2012101631539A CN201210163153A CN102685591A CN 102685591 A CN102685591 A CN 102685591A CN 2012101631539 A CN2012101631539 A CN 2012101631539A CN 201210163153 A CN201210163153 A CN 201210163153A CN 102685591 A CN102685591 A CN 102685591A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a digital set-top box, comprising a demultiplexer, a descrambling module and a decoding module which are connected in sequence, wherein the demultiplexer orderly and cyclically outputs present ECM (Error Correction Model) data corresponding to a present scrambling service in a same information source and non-present ECM data corresponding to a non-present scrambling service in the same information source; and the descrambling module comprises a CAS (Conditional Access System) decryption module connected with the demultiplexer and at least one descrambler which is connected between the demultiplexer and the decoding module and connected to the CAS decryption module. The digital set-top box is capable of obtaining control words for descrambling corresponding to all scrambling services in the same information source in real time while changing channels in the same information source of a digital television or the digital set-top box, therefore, the channel change delay time is greatly shortened and the user experience is obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of top box of digital machine.
Background technology
CAS (ConditionalAccess System; Condition receiving system) is the core technology of paying digital television broadcasting; Its major function is to stop the illegal invasion digital broadcast network, and allows authorized users to watch specific program, and uncommitted user can't be watched.The main task of CAS is to stop the user to receive uncommitted program and solve the problem of how charging from the user.In radio data system; CAS is made up of front end (transmitting terminal) and terminal (receiving terminal) two parts: front end is accomplished the scrambling (Scrambling) to program data with control word (CW:Control word); Thereby the program data that is transmitted is become password by plain code; Data after the scrambling are useless to undelegated user, and the CW that provides descrambling to use to authorized user; Front end is encrypted CW (Encryption), is placed on then in Entitlement Control Message (ECM) packet, again the transmission stream of ECM packet multiplexing to MPEG-2.The terminal receives the ECM packet in the network; Accomplish deciphering and descrambling by smart card (or other CA cards) and descrambler; The user is carried out addressing control and authorizes deciphering; Authorized user can obtain descramble key (being control word) and realize the descrambling to program data after the enciphered message in the MPEG-2 transmission stream is deciphered, and just can carry out decode operation to program data afterwards.CAS is the technical guarantee that realizes pay television broadcast.For safety, prevent that control word from illegally being cracked, control word needs frequent variations (general CA system upgraded once in 10 seconds).
Top box of digital machine STB (Set Top Box) receives the business datum from radio network, shows professional content through the audio frequency and video mode.Its front end transmission mode includes spider lines, terrestrial broadcasting, modes such as satellite broadcasting.Domestic consumer can realize selecting to view and admire the different business content through changing the platform operation.Change platform and comprise the step and the content of following several respects technically:
1) information source locking: through lock channels such as control tuners, demodulator carries out source coding;
2) demultiplexing: according to the business configuration demultiplexing module, the screening packet data package;
3) CA descrambling: obtain the authorization control word, packet is carried out descrambling;
4) decoding output: video/audio is decoded and exported.
Wherein, for operating with changing platform in the information source, the locking of step 1) information source can be ignored; For scrambled data not, step 3) CA descrambling can be ignored.
Top box of digital machine changes platform and is divided into frequency and changes platform and stride frequency and change two kinds of patterns of platform.Usually in frequency MPTS because inner multiplexing and bandwidth condition constraint can be transmitted the video frequency program about the 7-8 road, the perhaps audio program of multichannel more.With the wired digital set-top box is example; If the Cable Network network of Radio & Television Bureau comprises the video frequency program and the audio program of 150 covers; Be distributed on 20 frequencies, then the user carries out taking turns the switching of whole programs, at the best of times; Comprise that the same frequency that changes platform and 130 times of striding frequency for 20 times changes platform.For video frequency program, the output dependence that changes first two field picture behind the platform is in following condition:
1) in video PES (Packet Elementary Stream, grouping primary flow), searches out the GOP head, and then obtain first width of cloth GOP data, under based on the MPEG-2 encoding condition, be called as the I frame.The I frame since bandwidth for transmission restriction can in radio network, high-frequency not broadcast, video frequency program per second I frame data of 2 width of cloth of only having an appointment usually, the worst platform speed of changing of traditional method that this restriction causes changing platform with frequency was near 0.5 second.
2) for the radio network that adopts CAS, because the video packets primary flow can obtain after acquisition CAS correctly disposes descrambler.A typical flow is that CAS receives the ECM data, and decrypts control word, disposes descrambler again, needs about 0.4 second time.
3) because the audio frequency and video of video frequency program need be done synchronously, adopt the different synchronization algorithm, generally need 3-6 frame video data can realize audio-visual synchronization output.Under Chinese Phase Alternation Line system pattern, one-frame video data is exported 40ms consuming time, 3-6 frame video data 0.12-0.24 consuming time second.
By condition 1) and condition 2) can know; Traditional platform flow process of changing causes not adding the time that interference service switches with frequency and can not be shorter than 0.5 second, adds the time of switching between interference service can not be shorter than 0.8 second; And on actual platform; Consider condition 3) influence, do not add the time that interference service switches can not be shorter than 0.6 second, add the time that interference service switches even possibly reach 1 second or longer.
More than analyze and where promptly may be interpreted as in the cable digital TV mould revolution process, many users reflect that to change platform speed after the digitlization slack-off.
In order to solve above-mentioned situation, adopting " obtaining maximum quantity authorization control word " in the prior art usually is to realize quick descrambling, and then adds quick change platform speed; Specifically; Once decrypt a plurality of control words in the same information source through the CAS descrambling module in the top box of digital machine,, also possibly comprise the control word (if the used control word quantity of current program is less than the control word quantity that can decipher) of other programs in the current information source comprising the control word of current program; When changing platform like this; If the program that will switch to just has the corresponding control word that has decrypted directly to carry out descrambling, realize quick descrambling, thereby add quick change platform speed.
Yet, because existing C AS descrambling module is limited by different CAS, promptly; The control word quantity that the descrambling module of different CAS manufacturers produce once can be deciphered is generally 2-8 and does not wait, and that is to say that the CAS descrambling module that has only supports to decipher simultaneously 2 control words; 8 control words are deciphered in maximum also supports simultaneously; So just have very big probability, the control word that can not have been deciphered in advance when changing platform is used for descrambling, promptly can not realize quick descrambling.
In sum, need improve this top box of digital machine at present, to realize purpose the scrambled program fast channel switching.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, the present invention aims to provide a kind of top box of digital machine, changes the problem of descrambling delay behind the platform with scrambled program in the information source with effective solution DTV and top box of digital machine.
A kind of top box of digital machine of the present invention; It comprises successively demodulation multiplexer, descrambling module and the decoder module that connects, said demodulation multiplexer circulate successively output with in the information source current add the corresponding current ECM data of interference service and with the non-current corresponding non-current ECM data of interference service that add in the information source; Said descrambling module comprises:
The CAS deciphering module that is connected with said demodulation multiplexer; It circulates successively and receives said current ECM data and non-current ECM data; And successively said current ECM data and non-current ECM data are deciphered, obtain and current control word that storage is corresponding with said current ECM data and with the corresponding non-current control word of non-current ECM data; And
At least one is connected descrambler between said demodulation multiplexer and the decoder module and that be connected with said CAS deciphering module; It receives the packets of audio data and/or the video packets of data of said demodulation multiplexer output; And search the said current control word of storing in the said CAS deciphering module; Said packets of audio data and/or video packets of data are carried out descrambling, and behind said decoder module output descrambling data.
In above-mentioned top box of digital machine, said CAS deciphering module comprises data decryption unit, the smart card apparatus that is connected with this data decryption unit that is connected with said demodulation multiplexer and is connected the buffer between said data decryption unit and the descrambler.
In above-mentioned top box of digital machine, the quantity of said descrambler is more than two.
In above-mentioned top box of digital machine, said decoder module comprises at least one and the audio decoder of the corresponding connection of said descrambler.
In above-mentioned top box of digital machine, said decoder module comprises at least one and the Video Decoder of the corresponding connection of said descrambler.
Owing to adopted above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention through demodulation multiplexer to exporting successively with all ECM data (comprising current ECM data and non-current ECM data) that add interference service in the information source; And the CAS deciphering module through having memory function is successively to handling with current in the information source and non-current ECM data, and deciphering obtains also to preserve current and non-current control word; Search current control word through descrambler simultaneously audio frequency and/or video packets of data are carried out quick descrambling.The present invention has changed CAS deciphering module in the prior art and can only decipher the situation that obtains the corresponding control word of current ECM data owing to do not possess buffer; Thereby when DTV/top box of digital machine changes platform in information source; Can obtain in real time with all add the corresponding descrambling of interference service and use control word in the information source; Change platform time of delay thereby dwindled greatly, obviously strengthened user experience.Special, the present invention is in terrestrial broadcasting, satellite broadcasting, and under the cable network front end, all can obtain descrambling in real time and use control word, obviously lifting is changed the platform time, can reduce approximately less than 0.4 second.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of top box of digital machine of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, provide preferred embodiment of the present invention, and describe in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention, promptly a kind of top box of digital machine, it comprises tuning/demodulator 6, demodulation multiplexer 1, descrambling module 7 and the decoder module 8 that connects successively.
CAS deciphering module 2 circulates successively and receives current ECM data and non-current ECM data; And successively current ECM data and non-current ECM data are deciphered, obtain and current control word that storage is corresponding with current ECM data and with the corresponding non-current control word of non-current ECM data; Specifically, CAS deciphering module 2 comprise data decryption unit 21, the smart card apparatus 22 that is connected with this data decryption unit 21 that is connected with demodulation multiplexer 1 and be connected data decryption unit 21 and descrambler 3 between buffer 23;
Descrambler 3 is (in the present embodiment; The quantity of descrambler 3 is more than two) receive the packets of audio data and/or the video packets of data of demodulation multiplexer 1 output; And search in the CAS deciphering module 2 the current control word of storage; Packets of audio data and/or video packets of data are carried out descrambling, and behind decoder module 8 output descramblings data.
In the present embodiment, the HTV900E chip that has adopted magnificent sub-micro Electronic Design is as the master chip in the top box of digital machine, and it has 32M DDR internal memory and 4M FLASH.Demodulation multiplexer 1 is a built-in chip type QAM demodulation module, and it has 32 road PID (Packet Identifier, PID Packet Identifier) passages (PID0-PID31 shown in Fig. 1), is used for the usefulness of data allocations transmission; Specifically, (be TS:Transport stream, TS is made up of the packet of a series of 188 byte-sized from the MPTS in the cable network in demodulation multiplexer 1 reception; Each packet all includes a PID and valid data) data, and (the PID passage can be distinguished the different pieces of information in the MPTS through PID to utilize the PID passage; Like video, audio frequency, ECM packet etc., these data all have own unique PID, and same categorical data PID is identical; Different types of data PID is different; For example video data has a PID, and voice data has another different PID) with the multiple path transmission flow demultiplexing, and with transfer of data behind the demultiplexing to back level equipment.As will look, allocation of packets such as audio frequency is to descrambler 3; Be assigned to CAS deciphering module 2 with comprising the CAS related data (including but not limited to the ECM data) of encrypting control word in the MPTS.CAS deciphering module 2 can adopt Yongxin to look rich TF3.0, Ai Dide IRDETO, digital video signal DVT, day cypress DVN, three continent Centrino ADT etc.Descrambler 3 is 8 road CSA (the Common Scrambling Algorithm) descrambler of built-in chip type.Audio decoder 4 is a built-in chip type MPEG Audio decoder.Video Decoder 5 is a built-in chip type MPEG2ML decoder.
Down in the face of descrambling flow process of the present invention describe in detail (main introduce with fast decryption control word relevant portion).
The first step: terminal set top box receives the data message in the network, carries out demodulation through tuning/6 pairs of modulation signals of demodulator, obtains MPTS (TS) data and outputs to demodulation multiplexer 1;
In second step, 1 pair of MPTS of demodulation multiplexer carries out de-multiplex operation, according to the business that the user selects, isolates corresponding video/audio bag, and it is outputed to descrambler 3; The condition of carrying in the Program Map Table (PMT) according to professional correspondence in addition receives descriptor (CA descriptor) grammer, obtains the corresponding ECM data of this business, and the ECM data are passed to CAS deciphering module 2 successively;
In the 3rd step, CAS deciphering module 2 is received the ECM data, through the decryption oprerations of carrying out of 22 pairs of data decryption unit 21 and smart card apparatus, obtains and in memory 23, preserve corresponding control word;
The 4th step; Descrambler 3 is searched the control word of corresponding current business in the memory 23 of CAS deciphering module 2; Can realize quick descrambling, and output to audio decoder 4 and Video Decoder 5 to the video/audio behind the descrambling respectively from the business datum of demodulation multiplexer 1;
In the 5th step, 4 pairs of voice datas of audio decoder are decoded and are exported; 5 pairs of video datas of Video Decoder are decoded and are shown output;
So far, the user once changes the platform operation and accomplishes, and can the normal viewing program.
This shows that the present invention realizes the fast decryption control word, eliminate descrambling and postpone, mainly be to use CAS deciphering module 2 to realize in second step and the 3rd step in the above; Below further in detail introduce:
There are two kinds of scrambling modes in the transport stream level scrambling of CAS, and a kind of pattern is the professional control word of sharing, and under this kind pattern, same traffic transmission stream is shared identical descrambling and used control word; Another kind of pattern is the exclusive control words of audio frequency and video, and under this kind pattern, professional audio frequency and video MPTS has different descramblings and uses control word.For occupying the most CAS in market, the top box of digital machine end is all supported above two kinds of patterns, and in the actual code stream, the overwhelming majority adopts first kind of pattern.First kind of pattern is appreciated that a special case for being second kind of module, and the second kind of pattern that be below is discussed.
Can know from top analysis, be that QAM64 is an example with front end information source modulation system, and the information source channel bandwidth is 38Mbps, and the SD program is greater than 4.5Mbps, and promptly an information source channel has the digital television services of 8 covers at most.Under first kind of pattern environment, there are 8 tunnel control word data in the MPTS, under second kind of pattern environment, there are 16 tunnel control word data in the MPTS.
In superincumbent second step, when the user selected certain business and watches, demodulation multiplexer 1 can be with coming out with all the professional ECM data separating in the information source and passing to CAS deciphering module 2.Demodulation multiplexer 1 separation method can be divided into two kinds: first kind is to distribute a PID passage, with the mode of timeslice poll receive current play service successively, with other professional ECM data of information source, and transfer to CAS deciphering module 2 successively; For example distribute the PID2 of demodulation multiplexer 1 to be used to receive the ECM data, at first receive first via ECM data, re-use PID2 after receiving and receive the second road ECM data; Third Road then ... Carry out according to this, until receiving last road ECM data, promptly one-period is accomplished; Receive first via ECM data with PID2 more afterwards, carry out next cycleoperation.This mode is owing to be that multichannel ECM data receive in turn; Possibly have some time intervals between twice reception of same road ECM data; But the ECM data frequency is very high, so the time interval very little (less than the 16*20 millisecond) can be ignored with respect to the control word update cycle (being generally 10 seconds).Second kind is to distribute simultaneously and the PID passage of the identical way of ECM data (needing 16 road PID passages at most), receives all professional ECM data simultaneously, transfers to CAS deciphering module 2 then successively; For example distribute the PID2 of demodulation multiplexer 1 to receive first via ECM data, PID3 receives the second road ECM data, and PID4 receives Third Road ECM data ..., PID17 receives the 16 road ECM data.Because this mode need take a lot of resources, passes by the filter passage as taking 16 at most, therefore, adopt first kind of separate mode in the present embodiment.
Suppose and have the digital television services of 8 covers in the information source simultaneously; Have 16 road ECM data; When the user rested on this information source and watches one of them business (program), demodulation multiplexer 1 was isolated the ECM data of current business, and passes to the control word that CAS deciphering module 2 decrypts current business; Isolate successively then with other professional ECM data of information source, and pass to the control word that CAS deciphering module 2 decrypts corresponding business.Then, descrambler 3 in CAS deciphering module 2, search corresponding current business current control word to be used for data de-scrambling; Also be appreciated that into, CAS deciphering module 2 after decrypting control word, whether be current business according to this control word, pass to descrambler 3 or own buffer memory respectively; When the user changed platform in information source, CAS deciphering module 2 can be according to the business of changing, and this professional control word of correspondence that has decrypted before in memory 23, searching is also directly passed to descrambler 3 to it, thus the realization fast decryption.Meanwhile, CAS deciphering module 2 is after changing platform, and the ECM data of the current business that also can separate demodulation multiplexer 1 are deciphered, and obtain new control word, and pass to descrambler 3; It is isolated with other professional ECM data of information source that CAS deciphering module 2 receives demodulation multiplexer 1 then successively, and decrypt corresponding professional control word.So circulation realizes with changing the quick descrambling of platform in the information source.
In sum; The present invention is through being applied to the technological means of STB end; Realization is with the quick descrambling function of frequency scrambled program; Changed the situation of the ECM data decryption of a video, voice data correspondence in the prior art to a current scrambled program; And simultaneously to deciphering, thereby the situation of the 0.4 second controlled word of time of needs in " condition 2 " described in the background technology is changed in real time (promptly 0 second) controlled word with the corresponding ECM data of video, the voice data of a plurality of scrambled program on the frequency.The result who on the inferior HTV900E platform of China, tests at present shows; No matter be that IRDETO CA adds flow-disturbing, or TF CA adds flow-disturbing, or DVN CA add flow-disturbing or the like; All can real-time controlled word with changing platform in the frequency, thus platform mode at least 0.4 second time soon changed than tradition.
Above-described, be merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not in order to limiting scope of the present invention, the above embodiment of the present invention can also be made various variations.Be that every simple, equivalence of doing according to the claims and the description of application of the present invention changes and modification, all fall into the claim protection range of patent of the present invention.The present invention not detailed description be the routine techniques content.
Claims (5)
1. top box of digital machine; It comprises demodulation multiplexer, descrambling module and the decoder module that connects successively; It is characterized in that, said demodulation multiplexer circulate successively output with in the information source current add the corresponding current ECM data of interference service and with the non-current corresponding non-current ECM data of interference service that add in the information source; Said descrambling module comprises:
The CAS deciphering module that is connected with said demodulation multiplexer; It circulates successively and receives said current ECM data and non-current ECM data; And successively said current ECM data and non-current ECM data are deciphered, obtain and current control word that storage is corresponding with said current ECM data and with the corresponding non-current control word of non-current ECM data; And
At least one is connected descrambler between said demodulation multiplexer and the decoder module and that be connected with said CAS deciphering module; It receives the packets of audio data and/or the video packets of data of said demodulation multiplexer output; And search the said current control word of storing in the said CAS deciphering module; Said packets of audio data and/or video packets of data are carried out descrambling, and behind said decoder module output descrambling data.
2. top box of digital machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said CAS deciphering module comprises data decryption unit, the smart card apparatus that is connected with this data decryption unit that is connected with said demodulation multiplexer and is connected the buffer between said data decryption unit and the descrambler.
3. top box of digital machine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the quantity of said descrambler is more than two.
4. top box of digital machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said decoder module comprises at least one and the audio decoder of the corresponding connection of said descrambler.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described top box of digital machines, it is characterized in that said decoder module comprises at least one and the Video Decoder of the corresponding connection of said descrambler.
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| CN103686351A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2014-03-26 | 晨星软件研发(深圳)有限公司 | Descrambling device and television system using descrambling device |
| CN104703026A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-10 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Method for quickly changing digital television scrambling programs |
| CN106412698A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-02-15 | 深圳创维数字技术有限公司 | Method and device for realizing digital television fast descrambling |
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| CN108156513A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-12 | 深圳创维数字技术有限公司 | Program descrambling method for recording, set-top box and storage medium |
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| CN108156513B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2020-04-24 | 深圳创维数字技术有限公司 | Program descrambling and recording method, set top box and storage medium |
| CN111314749A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-19 | 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 | Display device and display method thereof |
| CN111314749B (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-11-23 | 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 | Display device and display method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |