CN102684276B - Underwater non-contact power supply method and device - Google Patents
Underwater non-contact power supply method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102684276B CN102684276B CN201210096535.4A CN201210096535A CN102684276B CN 102684276 B CN102684276 B CN 102684276B CN 201210096535 A CN201210096535 A CN 201210096535A CN 102684276 B CN102684276 B CN 102684276B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater non-contact power supply method and device and belongs to the technical field of underwater power supply. The underwater non-contact power supply device comprises a power supply base station unit and an energy receiving unit. The power supply method comprises the steps of first enabling the energy receiving unit to send a charging request to the power supply base station unit fixedly installed in water through a communication link, and after a response is obtained, adjusting a receiving transducer of the energy receiving unit to enable the receiving transducer and a transmitting transducer of the power supply base station unit to be aligned with each other; then after the power supply base station unit generates oscillation signals with a set frequency and power amplification is carried out on the oscillation signals, converting the oscillation signals into mechanical energy, and carrying out directional radiation and focusing of sound waves to the energy receiving unit; and enabling the sound waves to be transmitted to the energy receiving unit through a water medium, and charging a rechargeable battery of the energy receiving unit after the received sound waves are converted into electric energy. Remote (meter level) non-contact power supply can be carried out to an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and other underwater unattended equipment through the underwater non-contact power supply method and device, and the underwater non-contact power supply method and device are easy to achieve and high in energy conversion efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to underwater power technical field; Be specifically related to a kind ofly realize the device of non-contact power and energy supplement for underwater electronic equipment.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of ocean and environment exploitation, Autonomous Underwater Vehicle or autonomous type underwater robot (Autonomousunderwater vehicle, AUV) technology becomes the study hotspot of a lot of marine technology developed country.AUV is a kind of task controller that combines artificial intelligence and other advanced computing techniques, the integrated high-tech such as bathyscaph, transducer, environmental effect, computer software, energy storage, conversion and propelling, new material and new technology and underwater intelligent weapon, in military affairs for fields such as anti-submarine warfare, mine warfare, reconnaissance and surveillance and logistics supports; AUV also can be used for some other field under water, as civil areas such as undersea detection, marine environmental monitoring, marine chartings, in addition also can be used as workbench, enforcement inshore patrol, interference, diving are supported, are led under water and rescue, and play a role in offshore engineering.
In addition, more and more unattended special monitoring equipment is widely used in ocean development and scientific research as thermometric, depth measurement, flow measurement, mapping equipment etc. under water.
Due to completely autonomous type work, there is no cable power supply, energy problem becomes restriction AUV and other greatest factor of unattended operation equipment performance under water.
AUV endurance, the speed of a ship or plane and load capacity, and other under water the stream time of unattended operation equipment be all limited by its available energy.And the available energy depends on quality and space etc. that energy Source Type, platform are allowed.Current most AUV and other under water unattended operation equipment all adopt battery-powered.Although energy density (Unit Weight energy) is lower, specific energy (unit volume energy) is less, but consider the factor such as continuity of cost, life-span, convenience, maintenanceability, fail safe and member supply, battery especially primary cell and rechargeable battery (as lithium battery) will dominate within a very long time from now on.
At present, solve AUV and other under water the Major Technology of unattended operation equipment energy problem have:
(1) heavy-duty battery of the larger density of research and development and capacity
Silver oxide-zinc battery is the highest one of energy density in existing commercial batteries, the a large amount of a kind of underwater sailing body electrokinetic cells that use of Ta Yeshi USN, the rechargeable lithium cobalt battery that USN's Underwater Battery center (NUWC) is being developed, estimates in energy density and useful life all to increase than silver-colored zinc-oxide cell.
Due to battery capacity can only make AUV flying power and other under water unattended operation equipment task time have certain prolongation, can not fundamentally break away from battery powered restriction, therefore, seeking can be under water for the technology of AUV and other unattended operation equipment power supply under water becomes possible developing direction.
(2) adopting under water non-contact power mode is AUV and other unattended operation equipment makeup energy under water
Because glassware for drinking water has conductivity, seawater is the good conductor of electricity especially, it is very difficult adopting the contact wired connection power supplies such as submerged cable plug plug, therefore at present someone to study the non-contact power mode adopting based on electromagnetic induction principle be AUV and other unattended operation equipment makeup energy under water; Induction noncontact Energy Transfer adopts a kind of transformer of elementary secondary separation, and the device that is called loosely coupled transformer is realized the non-contact transmission of electric energy.The EFFECTIVE RANGE of electromagnetic induction is very near, can realize the Energy Transfer of high-power (multikilowatt) at closely (grade), industrial main as the power supply of rail non-contact type wireless.
The limitation of induction non-contact power technology is: the power transmission efficiency of induction coupling link is the important step in whole system, because the existence of air gap between transformer primary and secondary coil makes induction coupling step-down, affect thereby become the bottleneck that whole system power transmission efficiency improves.Air gap is larger, and efficiency is lower, and in the time that air gap is greater than 20mm, efficiency will be reduced to below 10%.
More remarkable in the attenuation ratio air for electromagnetic field as conductive medium due to seawater, the research that at present electromagnetic induction technology is applied to underwater installation non-contact power just just starts, and has a lot of physical problems not yet to solve, also without the example of application of result.And, induction non-contact power technical requirement charging device with realized closely (grade) fine registration by fill device, for this underwater movable platform of AUV, require it oneself to complete under water so highly difficult accurate location and alignment function, and maintain closely (grade) hovering, difficulty is too large, is difficult to realize; Therefore, need remote (meter level) non-contact power technology more easily.
Summary of the invention
For the technical problem existing in prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of AUV of can be and other under water unattended operation equipment realize the method and apparatus of non-contact power, utilize electroacoustic transduction technology, convert electrical energy into acoustic energy by powered base station, utilize acoustic wave energy to converge technology, to energy receiving terminal directed radiation focused sound waves; Sound wave is transmitted to energy receiving terminal by aqueous medium, by the receiving transducer on it, acoustic energy is converted to again to electric energy, realizes the power supply to energy receiving terminal.
Contactless power supply device of the present invention comprises powered base station unit and energy receiving element, powered base station unit is fixedly installed in somewhere under water, pass through cable power supply by bank station, or pull, be installed on surface platform as naval vessels, buoy below, by surface platform, by cable power supply, energy receiving element is installed on the underwater movable platforms such as AUV, or other is under water on unattended equipment, or drag and carry by underwater platform or equipment, be the underwater platforms such as AUV or other unattended equipment power supply under water, when work, AUV or other under water on unattended equipment in the time detecting self power shortage, utilize communication link (as underwater sound communication channel) to send charging request to powered base station unit, after acquisition is replied, complete the actions such as and attitude adjustment approaching to powered base station unit, make its receiving transducer towards powered base station cell orientation, simultaneously, the transmitting transducer radiation direction of self is also adjusted in powered base station unit, point to AUV or other unattended equipment under water, realize between the receiving transducer of underwater movable platform and the transmitting transducer of powered base station unit and mutually aiming at, then, converted electrical energy into the vibration mechanical energy of transducer radiating surface by the transmitting transducer on powered base station, to energy receiving element directed radiation focused sound waves, sound wave is transmitted to energy receiving element through aqueous medium, be converted to electric energy by the receiving transducer on it, realize the power supply to energy receiving terminal, or rechargeable battery is charged.Distance between the general receiving transducer of underwater movable platform and the transmitting transducer of powered base station unit at several meters to all can work in several cm range (such as 0～20m scope or farther), generally in conditions permit situation, should shorten distance between the two to raise the efficiency as far as possible; Meanwhile, transmitting transducer should be as far as possible parallel with the end face of receiving transducer, or the radiation beam of transmitting transducer sensing receiving transducer, and receiving transducer end face is as far as possible towards wave beam arrival direction.In addition, in situation with good conditionsi, also can point to by artificial position, attitude and the transmitting transducer thereof of adjusting powered base station unit, realize the aiming to underwater platform, initiatively underwater platform be carried out to non-contact charge.
The present invention can effectively avoid induction non-contact power technical requirement charging device and be realized closely the technical barrier of (grade) fine registration by fill device, realizes AUV and other remote (meter level) non-contact power of unattended operation equipment under water; Or in Attended mode situation, initiatively underwater operation platform is realized to noncontact energy supplement.
Particular content of the present invention is as follows:
Be the theory diagram of non-contact power technology of the present invention and device as shown in Figure 1, contactless power supply device of the present invention comprises powered base station unit, as Fig. 1 (a), energy receiving element, as Fig. 1 (b).
Described powered base station unit comprises Power Entry Module 11, power supply conditioning module 12, oscillating circuit module 13, power amplifier module 14, matching circuit module 15, transmitting transducer 16, acoustics adaptation 17, acoustic lens 18.
Described energy receiving element comprises acoustic lens 21, acoustics adaptation 22, receiving transducer 23, matching circuit module 24, rectification circuit module 25, power supply conditioning module 26, charging circuit module 27, rechargeable battery pack 28.
Described powered base station unit is by Power Entry Module 11, various external power source is electrically connected in power supply conditioning module 12, Power Entry Module 11 has different external power source input interfaces, and external power source can be the electric energy of the outputs such as alternating current, direct current, solar cell, wave energy generating set.
Power supply conditioning module 12 is the plurality of voltages adjusters with output voltage stabilizing function, can be integrated regulated power supply module, can be also the voltage stabilizing circuit of discrete component composition; Outside input supply voltage is adjusted to the required various voltages of each circuit module in powered base station unit by power supply conditioning module 12, is each circuit module power supply.
Described oscillating circuit module 13 is powered by power supply conditioning module 12, for encouraging the oscillator signal (electric energy vibrates) that produces setpoint frequency, and be electrically connected to described power amplifier 14 and carry out power amplification, oscillating circuit module 13 can be used multiple-harmonic oscillating circuit, produce the square-wave signal of setpoint frequency, or use recurrent pulses circuit for generating, produce cyclic pulse signal, also can use sine wave oscillation circuit, produce the sine wave signal of single-frequency.
Described power amplifier 14 is powered by power supply conditioning module 12, and the oscillator signal that oscillating circuit module 13 is produced carries out power amplification, and the power output size of power amplifier 14 is determined by the load capacity of application demand and circuit.
Power amplifier 14 is by the matching circuit module 15 being electrically connected with it, oscillator signal after power amplification is loaded on the transmitting transducer 16 of electrical connection with it, matching circuit module 15 is the matching networks of being connected or being composed in parallel by the element such as inductance, electric capacity, for improving the power factor of transmitting transducer 16 as electrical load.
Described transmitting transducer 16 is converted to the vibration electric energy after power amplification the mechanical energy of transmitting transducer radiating surface vibration, and by being fixedly connected with it acoustics adaptation 17 and the acoustic lens 18 of (such as bonding or other modes are fixedly connected with), to the receiving transducer 23 directed radiation sound waves of the energy receiving element through aiming at; Described transmitting transducer 16 can be piezoelectric transducer, dynamic transducer, can be also giant magnetostrictive transducer etc. all can convert electrical energy into the energy transducer of mechanical energy; Transmitting transducer 16 can be arrowband work, can be also wideband operation; The transducer array that transmitting transducer 16 can be made up of multiple transducers.
Described acoustics adaptation 17 inner sides are fixedly connected with (such as bonding) with the radiating surface of transmitting transducer 16, outside is fixedly connected with acoustic lens 18, that an acoustical material varying in size by multilayer acoustic impedance also closely connects the acoustic construction body processing in certain sequence, for realizing the optimum Match of transducer radiating surface and aqueous medium acoustic impedance.
Described acoustic lens 18 is fixedly connected on the outside of acoustics adaptation 17, be one with acoustical material the structure with protruding or recessed profile that processes, for by the energy centralization of radiative acoustic wave in certain beam angle, this beam angle is generally less than 10 degree.
When practical application, described acoustics adaptation 17 can merge and be designed to a device that has the two function concurrently with acoustic lens 18; The two can also merge design with the radiating surface of transmitting transducer 16, makes transmitting transducer 16 become a device that has electroacoustic transduction, acoustic radiation, acoustic matching, four kinds of functions of acoustic lens concurrently.
The acoustics adaptation 22 that described energy receiving element is fixedly connected with it with outside by described acoustic lens 21, is coupled to the sound wave in water on the surface of the receiving transducer 23 that is fixedly connected on acoustics adaptation 22 inner sides; Acoustic lens 18 in described acoustic lens 21 and acoustics adaptation 22 and powered base station unit and acoustics adaptation 17 have the acoustic construction body of similar quality.
The acoustic wave energy that described receiving transducer 23 receives coupling is converted to the electric energy that exchanges vibration, described receiving transducer 23 can be piezoelectric transducer, dynamic transducer etc. all mechanical energy can be converted to the energy transducer of alternation vibration electric energy; Receiving transducer 23 can be arrowband work, can be also wideband operation; The transducer array that receiving transducer 23 can be made up of multiple transducers.
The electric energy of the alternation vibration that receiving transducer 23 is changed is loaded into rectification circuit module 25 through the matching circuit module 24 of electrical connection with it; Described matching circuit module 24 is the matching networks of being connected or being composed in parallel by the element such as inductance, electric capacity, for improving the power factor of receiving transducer 23 as acoustics load.
Described rectification circuit module 25, it is a commutated network being formed by many rectifier diodes, the general bridge rectifier that adopts, the electric energy of the alternation that receiving transducer 23 is converted to vibration is converted to direct current energy, and is that the power supply conditioning module 26 being electrically connected is with it powered.
Described power supply conditioning module 26 is the plurality of voltages adjusters with output voltage stabilizing function, can be integrated regulated power supply module, can be also the voltage stabilizing circuit of discrete component composition; The direct current after 25 rectifications of rectification circuit module is adjusted to the needed suitable voltage of each circuit module of energy receiving element by power supply conditioning module 26, is each circuit module power supply.
Described charging circuit module 27 is powered by power supply conditioning module 26, and its output is being electrically connected rechargeable battery pack 28, for completing the charging to rechargeable battery pack 28; Rechargeable battery pack 28 can be the battery pack of the rechargeable battery compositions such as lithium battery.
When practical application, acoustic lens 21 and acoustics adaptation 22 can merge and be designed to a device that has energy centralization and acoustics matching feature concurrently, also the receiving plane of the two and receiving transducer 23 can be merged to design, make receiving transducer 23 become one have that acoustic energy converges concurrently, the device of acoustic matching, energy converting between mechanical function; In addition, the output of described power supply conditioning module 26 also can be directly used in the electronic equipment power supply into mobile platform, or described power supply conditioning module 26 also can be incorporated into charging circuit module 27 by design, only rechargeable battery pack 28 is charged.
Advantage and technique effect that the present invention brings are:
(1) be the good medium of sound wave due to water, sound wave loss in water is very little, and therefore with respect to the noncontact Energy Transfer that utilizes electromagnetic wave mode, the present invention more can reduce the loss of energy in transmitting procedure.
(2) because the wavelength of the relative electromagnetic wave of same frequency sound wave is very little, be therefore easier under less size, acoustic wave energy orientation is converged in a very narrow beam angle.
(3) due to the advantage of the high degree of converging of acoustic wave energy, can in larger distance, realize Energy Transfer, avoid that induction noncontact energy transmission technology is desired closely, a difficult problem for high-accuracy aligning; Meanwhile, also facilitate the realization of remote non-contact power technology and device.
(4) the underwater radiant power of sound wave can reach a kilowatt order of magnitude, therefore, can realize the non-contact power of relatively high power.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 noncontact of the present invention is for the theory diagram of technology and device
(a) be powered base station unit, wherein, 11-Power Entry Module, 12-power supply conditioning module, 13-oscillating circuit module, 14-power amplifier module, 15-matching circuit module, 16-transmitting transducer, 17-acoustics adaptation, 18-acoustic lens.
(b) be energy receiving element, wherein, 21-acoustic lens, 22-acoustics adaptation, 23-receiving transducer, 24-matching circuit module, 25-rectification circuit module, 26-power supply conditioning module, 27-charging circuit module, 28-rechargeable battery pack.
Fig. 2 noncontact of the present invention is for the instance graph of technology and device
31-signal generator, 32-power amplifier, 33-transmitting transducer, 34-underwater acoustic wave wave beam, 35-experimental tank, 36-receiving transducer, 37-bridge rectifier, 38-resistance, 39-light-emitting diode.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, further illustrate the present invention by example, but scope of the present invention is not limited to the described scope of embodiment.
As shown in Figure 2, be an example of non-contact power technology of the invention process and device.
In experimental tank 35, filling clear water, to 20cm height, is fixedly placed in transmitting transducer 33 and receiving transducer 36 in tank 35 face-to-face, and the two is at a distance of 10cm.
Utilize signal generator 31 to produce the sinusoidal signal of a 65.0kHz, carry out power amplification to 15V crest voltage through power amplifier 32, being electrically connected to centre frequency is the transmitting transducer 33 of 65kHz, transmitting transducer 33 is to radiative acoustic wave wave beam 34 in water, be transmitted to through aqueous medium the receiving transducer 36 that centre frequency is identical, acoustic energy is converted to electric energy, can observe the about 5V of receiver voltage peak value with oscilloscope, this output is connected to a bridge rectifier 37, be converted to direct voltage, the resistance 38 through 100 Ω by this d. c. voltage signal again, be connected to a light-emitting diode 39, can observe light-emitting diode 39 luminous, mobile transducer relative position, can observe light-emitting diode 39 brightness changes.
Claims (5)
1. a non-contact power method under water, the steps include:
1) the energy receiving element on underwater movable platform utilizes communication link to send charging request to the powered base station unit being fixedly installed in water;
2) described mobile platform is received after the response message of described powered base station unit, adjusts between the receiving transducer of described energy receiving element and the transmitting transducer of described powered base station unit as mutually aiming at;
3) described powered base station unit produces the oscillator signal of setpoint frequency, and it is carried out to power amplification;
4) described transmitting transducer is converted to the vibration electric energy after power amplification after vibration mechanical energy, produces to described energy receiving element directed radiation focused sound waves;
5) sound wave reaches described energy receiving element through aqueous medium, and described receiving transducer is converted to the sound wave of reception after electric energy, and the rechargeable battery of described energy receiving element is charged.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that adjusting between the receiving transducer of described energy receiving element and the transmitting transducer of described powered base station unit is that the method mutually aiming at is: adjusting the emitting facet of described transmitting transducer and the reception end face of described receiving transducer is parallel to each other; Or the radiation beam of adjusting described transmitting transducer is pointed to described receiving transducer, the receiving terminal of described receiving transducer is facing to this radiation beam arrival direction.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that the distance between the emitting facet of described transmitting transducer and the reception end face of receiving transducer is 0～20m; Described transmitting transducer is piezoelectric transducer or dynamic transducer or giant magnetostrictive transducer.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that the oscillator signal after power amplification to send to after a match circuit carries out power adjustment described transmitting transducer; Described transmitting transducer, through an acoustics adaptation, carries out after optimum Match described transmitting transducer radiating surface and aqueous medium acoustic impedance, utilizes acoustic lens that launched sound wave is focused on to described energy receiving element directed radiation.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that described energy receiving element utilizes an acoustic lens and an acoustics adaptation that the sound wave in water is coupled to and described receiving transducer; The electric energy after conversion after a match circuit carries out power adjustment, is sent to rectification circuit module by described receiving transducer; Described rectification circuit module is converted to the electric energy of alternation vibration after direct current energy, and the rechargeable battery of described energy receiving element is charged.
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| CN201210096535.4A CN102684276B (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Underwater non-contact power supply method and device |
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| CN201210096535.4A CN102684276B (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Underwater non-contact power supply method and device |
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| CN102684276A CN102684276A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| CN102684276B true CN102684276B (en) | 2014-08-06 |
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| CN103729047B (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2017-04-05 | 中国航空工业集团公司第六三一研究所 | A kind of method for managing power supply of the control computers of AUV under water |
| JP6277585B2 (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2018-02-14 | 株式会社Ihi | Contactless power supply system |
| CN104362768A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-02-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Multifunctional underwater inductive coupling charge system |
| CN105490394B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-10-27 | 浙江大学 | Wireless energy and information transmission device based on sound wave |
| CN107310419A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-11-03 | 深圳市普耐光电科技有限公司 | A kind of wireless charging device for electric car |
| CN108565991A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-09-21 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of ultrasonic wave charging unit applied to underwater measurement devices |
| CN108847721B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2021-01-08 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Wireless charging device, wireless charging system and electronic equipment |
| CN109733567B (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-01-14 | 上海孚实船舶科技有限公司 | Method for carrying out non-contact charging on underwater operation unit by using AUV (autonomous Underwater vehicle) |
| CN110565584B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-06-08 | 宁夏晋明建设工程有限公司 | Hydraulic engineering vertical water stop structure and construction method thereof |
| CN110829625B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-01-26 | 浙江大学 | Cable-embedded underwater monitoring equipment |
| CN110707791B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2022-06-17 | 北京理工大学 | Ultrasonic wave-based remote high-power underwater wireless charging system |
| CN112152308B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-12-09 | 北京信息科技大学 | Underwater wireless charging method and device covering full sea depth based on sound waves |
| CN112421707B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-10-21 | 大连理工大学 | Electric energy scheduling method for underwater power supply system |
| CN112684736B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-02-11 | 青岛海研电子有限公司 | Intelligent low-power consumption beacon device |
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