CN102683705A - Lithium-titanate-coated modified graphite composite anode material, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Lithium-titanate-coated modified graphite composite anode material, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102683705A
CN102683705A CN201210124713XA CN201210124713A CN102683705A CN 102683705 A CN102683705 A CN 102683705A CN 201210124713X A CN201210124713X A CN 201210124713XA CN 201210124713 A CN201210124713 A CN 201210124713A CN 102683705 A CN102683705 A CN 102683705A
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graphite
lithium
lithium titanate
carbon
silicon
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杨续来
陈燕
王康璐
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Hefei Gotion High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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Hefei Guoxuan High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium-titanate-coated modified graphite composite anode material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: respectively preparing a lithium-source anhydrous ethanol solution and a titanium-source anhydrous ethanol solution in containers; mixing the lithium-source anhydrous ethanol solution and the titanium-source anhydrous ethanol solution, and fully stirring the obtained mixture; adding graphite into the mixture in batches, and then adding a small amount of deionized water into the mixture; stirring the obtained sol, so that the sol gradually becomes a black gel; carrying out aging and drying on the black gel so as to obtain a precursor; and carrying out heat treatment on the precursor under inert atmosphere conditions so as to obtain a lithium-titanate-coated modified graphite composite anode material. The lithium-titanate-coated modified graphite composite anode material disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of simple process, uniform material particles, high specific capacity, and capability of obviously improving the initial coulomb efficiency.

Description

Composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of a kind of lithium titanate coating modification and preparation method thereof and application
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the lithium ion battery negative material field, be specifically related to a kind of composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite and preparation method and application thereof of lithium titanate coating modification.
Background technology:
Lithium ion battery is at present with one of hottest point of becoming the research and development of new-type secondary chemical cell field of power supplies; Compare with conventional batteries have that average discharge volt is higher, volume and capacity ratio and advantages such as specific discharge capacity is bigger, sustainable good cycle; Performance of lithium-ion secondary battery quality mainly depend on its anode and cathode active materials, at present the negative material of commercial applications mainly is the graphite-like negative pole.Advantages such as graphite is cheap with it, wide material sources, good conductivity are considered to up-and-coming lithium ion battery negative material; Graphite is more with its electronegative potential platform, higher specific capacity, good voltage platform; Conductivity preferably, no-voltage hysteresis etc. is paid close attention to by industrial circle.
But also there is shortcoming in it, and is very approaching like the current potential of the current potential of carbon negative pole and lithium, and during over-charging of battery, lithium metal possibly separated out and causes safety problem in carbon electrodes, and the speed that releases energy is fast inadequately, needing to be not suitable for the equipment of moment heavy current.And the carbon negative pole material collector adopted copper material, cross when battery and put or during antipole, because the rising of negative pole current potential causes the collector oxidation dissolution, and the destruction of SEI film, the damage battery performance.Therefore, graphite cathode material is carried out modification, the defective of himself is remedied, thereby can be applied to lithium cell cathode material widely, must bring more remarkable economic efficiency and environmental benefit to this type shortcoming.
Is a zero-strain lithium titanate anode material, good cycle performance; has a good charge and discharge platform; theoretical capacity is also 175mAh / g, the actual specific capacity can reach 160mAh / g or so, and the capacity is mostly concentrated in the platform area ; lithium titanate anode material does not react with the electrolyte, easy to prepare.Lithium titanate anode material is compared with graphite cathode material has better chemical property and fail safe usually, utilizes lithium titanate anode material to come modified graphite as the compound lithium ion negative material, gives full play to two kinds of properties of materials, should be thing highly significant.
Summary of the invention
Order of the present invention provides composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of a kind of lithium titanate coating modification and preparation method thereof.Gentle, the easy operating of reaction condition when gained modified graphite cathode material of the present invention has specific capacity height, the high advantage of enclosed pasture efficient, and preparation first.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems mainly may further comprise the steps:
A kind of composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification is characterized in that: described composite negative pole material is formed by lithium titanate and graphite sintering, and the mass ratio of lithium titanate and graphite is (3-9): (91-97).
The preparation method of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of described lithium titanate coating modification is characterized in that, specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) presses Li:Ti=(0.8-0.84): 1 stoichiometric proportion, the alcohol mixed solution in preparation lithium source and titanium source;
2) under continuous condition of stirring, graphite is joined in step (1) mixed solution in batches, stir after 18-22 minute; Being added dropwise to proper amount of deionized water again, is under the 30-40 ℃ of condition in temperature, continues to stir 3-5 hour; When black colloidal sol becomes the black gel gradually, stop to stir, let gel ageing 10-14 hour; Place then in the vacuum drying chamber, under 75-85 ℃, carry out drying, promptly obtain the presoma xerogel; Wherein, the mass ratio of lithium titanate and graphite is (3-9): (91-97);
3) the presoma xerogel of step (2) gained is after broken, ball milling and simple compaction treatment, in inert atmosphere under 700 ~ 900 ℃ of conditions heat preservation sintering 10-24 hour, obtains the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification.
The preparation method of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of described lithium titanate coating modification is characterized in that: said lithium source is one or more the mixture in solid metal lithium, lithium acetate or the lithium nitrate.
The preparation method of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of described lithium titanate coating modification is characterized in that: said titanium source is butyl titanate or tetrabromo-isopropyl phthalate.
The preparation method of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of described lithium titanate coating modification is characterized in that: the described graphite of step (2) is any one in the existing graphite cathode product.
The preparation method of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of described lithium titanate coating modification is characterized in that: the inert atmosphere described in the step (2) is selected from one or more mixing in nitrogen, argon gas or the helium.
The purposes of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of described lithium titanate coating modification is applied to various portable electric appts and the required lithium ion battery of various electric motor car.
The present invention is with the advantage of existing graphite modified compared with techniques:
1, proposed first to come modified graphite cathode material with lithium titanate anode material; This modification is not only the simple mixing of two metasystems; But begin through the raw material of sol-gel process from synthetic lithium titanate; Press special formulation and finally form layer of even lithium titanate coating layer on the surface of graphite; Make final gained composite material all have the different current potentials that discharges and recharges, two platforms occur, can more effectively observe the trend of volume change in the charge and discharge process because the coating of lithium titanate discharges and recharges graphite with simple lithium titanate and graphite;
2, also make the efficient of enclosed pasture first of graphite cathode obtain large increase simultaneously;
3, the multiple material of gained can be applied to various portable electric appts and the required lithium ion battery of various electric motor car widely.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing with implement example to further explain of the present invention.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the stereoscan photograph of embodiment 2 gained lithium titanate modified graphite cathode materials.
Accompanying drawing 2 is a comparative example experimental selection graphite sample charging and discharging curve.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the first charge-discharge curve of embodiment 2 gained lithium titanate modified graphite cathode materials.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Be dissolved in the ethanol for the ratio of Li:Ti=0.80:1 takes by weighing solid-state lithium 0.125g in molar ratio, take by weighing again the 6.19g tetraisopropyl titanate by volume 1:5 be dissolved in the ethanol.Constantly under the stirring condition mixing two kinds of solution.
Getting 20g graphite constantly join in the above-mentioned mixed solution under the condition of stirring in batches, stir and drip the 8ml deionized water again after 20 minutes, is under the 30-40 ℃ of condition in temperature; Continue to stir 4 hours; Black colloidal sol becomes the black gel gradually, gel through ageing in 12 hours after, place in the vacuum drying chamber; Under 80 ℃ of conditions, carry out drying, promptly obtain the presoma xerogel.After grinding, put into tube furnace, feed nitrogen protection, be warmed up to 750 ℃ of heat preservation sinterings 10 hours, promptly obtain the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification.
The gained modified graphite prepares electrode as follows: is that the ratio of 92:5:3 is prepared into electrode to modified graphite sample, binding agent, conductive agent in mass ratio; With lithium as to electrode; Do electrolyte with 1M-LiPF6 EC/EMC solution, microporous polypropylene membrane is a barrier film, is assembled into button cell.And left standstill 6 hours.Battery is placed on and carries out electric performance test on the LAND tester after will leaving standstill, and carries out the constant current charge-discharge experiment with the current density of 0.1C, and test charging/discharging voltage scope is 0.005V ~ 2.5V.The modified graphite that present embodiment obtains, its first discharge capacity be 354mAh/g, the initial charge capacity is 290 mAh/g, first the enclosed pasture efficient be 81.9%.
Embodiment 2:
Be dissolved in the ethanol for the ratio of Li:Ti=0.82:1 takes by weighing solid-state lithium 0.127g in molar ratio, take by weighing again the 6.19g tetraisopropyl titanate by volume 1:5 be dissolved in the ethanol.Constantly under the stirring condition mixing two kinds of solution.
Take by weighing graphite 20g,, stir and drip the 8ml deionized water again after 20 minutes constantly add in the above-mentioned solution under the condition of stirring in batches; In temperature is under the 30-40 ℃ of condition, continues to stir 4 hours, and black colloidal sol becomes the black gel gradually; Gel through ageing in 12 hours after; Place in the vacuum drying chamber, under 80 ℃ of conditions, carry out drying, promptly obtain the presoma xerogel.After grinding, put into tube furnace, feed nitrogen protection, be warmed up to 850 ℃ of heat preservation sinterings 12 hours.Promptly obtain the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification.
The gained modified graphite prepares electrode by method identical among the embodiment 1, its first discharge capacity be 373.2mAh/g, the initial charge capacity is 322 mAh/g, first the enclosed pasture efficient be 86.3%
Embodiment 3:
Be dissolved in the ethanol for the ratio of Li:Ti=0.84:1 takes by weighing solid-state lithium 0.131g in molar ratio, take by weighing again the 6.19g tetraisopropyl titanate by volume 1:5 be dissolved in the ethanol.Constantly under the stirring condition mixing two kinds of solution.
Take by weighing graphite 20g,, stir and drip the 8ml deionized water again after 20 minutes constantly add in the above-mentioned solution under the condition of stirring in batches; In temperature is under the 30-40 ℃ of condition, continues to stir 4 hours, and black colloidal sol becomes the black gel gradually; Gel through ageing in 12 hours after; Place in the vacuum drying chamber, under 80 ℃ of conditions, carry out drying, promptly obtain the presoma xerogel.After grinding, put into tube furnace, feed under the nitrogen protection, be warmed up to 900 ℃ of heat preservation sinterings 16 hours.Promptly obtain the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification.
The gained modified graphite prepares electrode by method identical among the embodiment 1, its first discharge capacity be 362mAh/g, the initial charge capacity is 303 mAh/g, first the enclosed pasture efficient be 83.7%
Embodiment 4:
Be dissolved in the ethanol for the ratio of Li:Ti=0.82:1 takes by weighing anhydrous lithium acetate 1.207 in molar ratio, take by weighing again the 6.19g tetraisopropyl titanate by volume 1:5 be dissolved in the ethanol.Constantly under the stirring condition mixing two kinds of solution.
Take by weighing graphite 20g,, stir and drip 15ml acetic acid again after 20 minutes constantly add in the above-mentioned solution under the condition of stirring in batches; In temperature is under the 30-40 ℃ of condition, continues to stir 4 hours, and black colloidal sol becomes the black gel gradually; Gel through ageing in 12 hours after; Place in the vacuum drying chamber, under 80 ℃ of conditions, carry out drying, promptly obtain the presoma xerogel.After grinding, put into tube furnace, feed nitrogen protection, be warmed up to 850 ℃ of heat preservation sinterings 10 hours.Promptly obtain the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification.
The gained modified graphite prepares electrode by method identical among the embodiment 1, its first discharge capacity be 354mAh/g, the initial charge capacity is 293 mAh/g, first the enclosed pasture efficient be 82.8%
Embodiment 5:
Be dissolved in the ethanol for the ratio of Li:Ti=0.82:1 takes by weighing solid-state lithium 0.127g in molar ratio, take by weighing again the 7.41g butyl titanate by volume 1:5 be dissolved in the ethanol.Constantly under the stirring condition mixing two kinds of solution.
Take by weighing graphite 20g,, stir and drip the 8ml deionized water again after 20 minutes constantly add in the above-mentioned solution under the condition of stirring in batches; In temperature is under the 30-40 ℃ of condition, continues to stir 4 hours, and black colloidal sol becomes the black gel gradually; Gel through ageing in 12 hours after; Place in the vacuum drying chamber, under 80 ℃ of conditions, carry out drying, promptly obtain the presoma xerogel.After grinding, put into tube furnace, feed nitrogen protection, be warmed up to 850 ℃ of heat preservation sinterings 10 hours.Promptly obtain the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification.
The gained modified graphite prepares electrode by method identical among the embodiment 1, its first discharge capacity be 352mAh/g, the initial charge capacity is 291 mAh/g, first the enclosed pasture efficient be 82.6%.
Comparative example:
Take by weighing that selected graphite prepares electrode by method identical among the embodiment 1 among each embodiment, its first discharge capacity be 333mAh/g, the initial charge capacity is 264 mAh/g, enclosed pasture efficient is 79.3% first.
Relatively can find through each embodiment and comparative example gained graphite cathode material performance; The modification scheme of utilizing the present invention to propose; Finally through specific embodiment gained modified graphite cathode material in specific capacity, still enclosed pasture efficient all shows more superior performance first; And each embodiment gained modified graphite cathode material all has obvious platform to occur at the 1.5V place, also makes final gained modified graphite cathode material charge and discharge coulomb efficient and is significantly increased.

Claims (5)

1. the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of a lithium titanate coating modification, it is characterized in that: described composite negative pole material is formed by lithium titanate and graphite sintering, and the mass ratio of lithium titanate and graphite is (3-9): (91-97).
2. the preparation method of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, specifically may further comprise the steps:
Press Li:Ti=(0.8-0.84): 1 stoichiometric proportion, the alcohol mixed solution in preparation lithium source and titanium source; Said lithium source is one or more the mixture in solid metal lithium, lithium acetate or the lithium nitrate; Said titanium source is butyl titanate or tetrabromo-isopropyl phthalate;
Under continuous condition of stirring, graphite is joined in step (1) mixed solution in batches, stir after 18-22 minute, be added dropwise to proper amount of deionized water again; In temperature is under the 30-40 ℃ of condition, continues to stir 3-5 hour, when black colloidal sol becomes the black gel gradually, stops to stir; Let gel ageing 10-14 hour, place then in the vacuum drying chamber, under 75-85 ℃, carry out drying; Promptly obtain the presoma xerogel, wherein, the mass ratio of lithium titanate and graphite is (3-9): (91-97);
The presoma xerogel of step (2) gained in inert atmosphere under 700 ~ 900 ℃ of conditions heat preservation sintering 10-24 hour, obtains the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification after broken, ball milling and simple compaction treatment.
3. the preparation method of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the described graphite of step (2) is any one in the existing graphite cathode product.
4. the preparation method of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the inert atmosphere described in the step (2) is selected from one or more mixing in nitrogen, argon gas or the helium.
5. the application of the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of lithium titanate coating modification as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite of described lithium titanate coating modification can be applied to various portable electric appts and the required lithium ion battery of various electric motor car.
CN201210124713XA 2012-04-24 2012-04-24 Lithium-titanate-coated modified graphite composite anode material, and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN102683705A (en)

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CN103151521A (en) * 2013-02-22 2013-06-12 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Positive electrode material of lithium ion battery and preparing method thereof
CN103682295A (en) * 2012-09-26 2014-03-26 华为技术有限公司 Lithium ion battery negative electrode material and preparation method thereof as well as lithium ion battery negative electrode plate and lithium ion battery
WO2014048098A1 (en) * 2012-09-26 2014-04-03 华为技术有限公司 Composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
CN104091937A (en) * 2014-07-18 2014-10-08 深圳市振华新材料股份有限公司 Lithium titanate-coated surface-treated graphite negative electrode material, preparation method and application of negative electrode material
CN104393235A (en) * 2014-04-21 2015-03-04 天津锦美碳材科技发展有限公司 Lithium-salt-modified lithium ion battery anode material and preparation method thereof
CN104577095A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-04-29 湖南杉杉新能源有限公司 Embedded nano-compound coated modified cathode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method of cathode material
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CN105140501A (en) * 2015-07-06 2015-12-09 新乡远东电子科技有限公司 Lithium titanate-coated graphite composite material and preparation method thereof
WO2016206548A1 (en) * 2015-06-26 2016-12-29 田东 Preparation method for lithium battery high-voltage modified negative electrode material
CN106374093A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-02-01 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Graphite composite material, preparation method and application thereof
CN107959012A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-04-24 力信(江苏)能源科技有限责任公司 A kind of individual layer/double-coating Si oxide composite negative pole material and preparation method thereof
CN108232175A (en) * 2018-02-06 2018-06-29 安徽科达铂锐能源科技有限公司 A kind of lithium ion battery graphite/lithium titanate composite anode material and preparation method
CN109888229A (en) * 2019-03-01 2019-06-14 中山市华舜科技有限责任公司 A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery negative material based on lithium titanate coated graphite composite material
CN111682183A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-18 贝特瑞新材料集团股份有限公司 Multi-element composite negative electrode material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
CN112687874A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-20 萝北奥星新材料有限公司 High-stability lithium battery negative electrode material and application thereof
CN113363444A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-09-07 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 Nano lithium titanate-coated modified graphite negative electrode material, and preparation method and application thereof
CN114655951A (en) * 2022-04-17 2022-06-24 晖阳(贵州)新能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of lithium ion battery negative electrode material
CN116217245A (en) * 2023-02-14 2023-06-06 西北工业大学 In-situ synthesis of Hf x Ta 1-x C solid solution coated graphite particle powder and preparation method thereof

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CN103682295A (en) * 2012-09-26 2014-03-26 华为技术有限公司 Lithium ion battery negative electrode material and preparation method thereof as well as lithium ion battery negative electrode plate and lithium ion battery
WO2014048098A1 (en) * 2012-09-26 2014-04-03 华为技术有限公司 Composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
CN103682295B (en) * 2012-09-26 2016-03-02 华为技术有限公司 A kind of lithium ion battery cathode material and its preparation method, anode plate for lithium ionic cell and lithium ion battery
CN103151521B (en) * 2013-02-22 2015-12-23 中国科学院过程工程研究所 A kind of anode material for lithium-ion batteries and preparation method thereof
CN103151521A (en) * 2013-02-22 2013-06-12 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Positive electrode material of lithium ion battery and preparing method thereof
CN104393235A (en) * 2014-04-21 2015-03-04 天津锦美碳材科技发展有限公司 Lithium-salt-modified lithium ion battery anode material and preparation method thereof
CN104091937A (en) * 2014-07-18 2014-10-08 深圳市振华新材料股份有限公司 Lithium titanate-coated surface-treated graphite negative electrode material, preparation method and application of negative electrode material
CN104577095A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-04-29 湖南杉杉新能源有限公司 Embedded nano-compound coated modified cathode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method of cathode material
CN104681860B (en) * 2015-02-09 2017-03-01 惠州市豪鹏科技有限公司 A kind of can fast charging and discharging high-voltage lithium ion batteries and preparation method thereof
CN104681860A (en) * 2015-02-09 2015-06-03 惠州市豪鹏科技有限公司 Quick charging and discharging type high voltage lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
WO2016206548A1 (en) * 2015-06-26 2016-12-29 田东 Preparation method for lithium battery high-voltage modified negative electrode material
CN105140501A (en) * 2015-07-06 2015-12-09 新乡远东电子科技有限公司 Lithium titanate-coated graphite composite material and preparation method thereof
CN106374093A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-02-01 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Graphite composite material, preparation method and application thereof
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CN108232175A (en) * 2018-02-06 2018-06-29 安徽科达铂锐能源科技有限公司 A kind of lithium ion battery graphite/lithium titanate composite anode material and preparation method
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CN111682183A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-18 贝特瑞新材料集团股份有限公司 Multi-element composite negative electrode material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
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CN113363444A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-09-07 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 Nano lithium titanate-coated modified graphite negative electrode material, and preparation method and application thereof
CN114655951A (en) * 2022-04-17 2022-06-24 晖阳(贵州)新能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of lithium ion battery negative electrode material
CN114655951B (en) * 2022-04-17 2022-09-02 晖阳(贵州)新能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of lithium ion battery cathode material
CN116217245A (en) * 2023-02-14 2023-06-06 西北工业大学 In-situ synthesis of Hf x Ta 1-x C solid solution coated graphite particle powder and preparation method thereof

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