CN102682267A - Method for quickly positioning and extracting one-dimensional and two-dimensional code graphics aiming at digital images - Google Patents

Method for quickly positioning and extracting one-dimensional and two-dimensional code graphics aiming at digital images Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102682267A
CN102682267A CN2012101573548A CN201210157354A CN102682267A CN 102682267 A CN102682267 A CN 102682267A CN 2012101573548 A CN2012101573548 A CN 2012101573548A CN 201210157354 A CN201210157354 A CN 201210157354A CN 102682267 A CN102682267 A CN 102682267A
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zone
dimensional
bar code
dimension
image
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CN102682267B (en
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王俊峰
唐鹏
陈懿
高琳
高志刚
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly positioning and extracting one-dimensional and two-dimensional code graphics aiming at digital images. The method comprises the following steps of: analyzing envelopes of a high-frequency component for observing an image signal, extracting a region with an obvious upper and lower envelope difference under each scale as a probable bar code region, further analyzing the probable bar code region, extracting geometric parameters from partial information and performing adaptive binarization, supplying a result to a subsequent scanning module, and sampling and decoding to output information stored by a bar code according to a geometric relation of a black and white module. Equipment required in the method is relatively simple and can be suitable for complicated backgrounds and illumination conditions; and the observed one-dimensional and two-dimensional code graphics are quickly and intelligently processed on the basis of acquisition of video signals.

Description

An a kind of peacekeeping two-dimension code figure to digital picture is located and method for distilling fast
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Computer Image Processing method, particularly adopt computer image processing technology to be directed against the method for automatic detection of a peacekeeping two-dimensional bar code and rapid extraction.It belongs to the preprocess method before the bar-code identification, can be in the image of taking location bar code zone fast, and then be beneficial to and cut apart fast and discern, with employing corresponding bar code recognizer, under statistical significance, accelerate system response time.
Background technology
Fast development of society has impelled a peacekeeping two-dimensional bar code for the widespread use of gordian technique in commercial production and daily life as the Internet of Things field with progress in recent years, is the information media between the smart machines such as people, goods and computing machine.Compare with other recognition means, barcode technology has that cost is low, easy to use, the reliability advantages of higher.Traditional barcode recognition equipment adopts laser scanning methods.But along with the cost of visual light imaging sensor is more and more lower; And the unrivaled abundant information amount of image information; Current development trend is the digital image sensor that adopts based on the visible images technology, as the low-cost solution of peacekeeping two-dimensional bar code collection.Another trend is that various in recent years two-dimensional bar codes are paid attention to gradually, and begin to be applied to the various intelligent terminals that have video capability, for example special-purpose logistics management portable terminal or smart mobile phone.In the use of barcode technology, at first establish the information limit that needs to transmit and work out corresponding bar code; Can two-dimensional bar code be printed on the specific region that is fit to read then, in the external packing like article; In the information communication process, two-dimension code is as the carrier and the transmission interface of information, for example in the outbound of article, transportation, distribution, storage, transfer or the like link, can read the corresponding sign indicating number of article through scanning and obtain relevant information fast.In the use, the bar code data quantity stored is limited, therefore relies on online database and connects to retrieve detailed code information; And the information storage capability of two-dimension code is stronger, can select the use of online or off-line according to concrete applied environment.What need to stress is, developing rapidly of barcode technology causes barcode types numerous in recent years, and its standard is different.Use single equipment to read multiple bar code efficiently simultaneously, the two-dimensional bar code of especially various complicacies has certain technical difficulty.
In normal processing, according to the national standard of each bar code, the identification of certain barcode types is through scanning and discern its positioning pattern realization.Yet when handling multiple barcode types at the same time, the mode that scans multiple bar code positioning pattern respectively will be referred to the multiple scanning to full image, causes efficient lower, and recognition speed is slack-off.This be because, receive the uncertainty influence of shooting condition, bar code graphics possibly appear at the arbitrary region in the digital picture with various yardsticks, therefore must carry out exhaustive search to each details in the image, could detect the bar code graphics that possibly exist.Though the quantity of information of digital picture is abundant, also causes treatment effeciency not ignore.On objective demand, need more efficient and unified bar code graphics and detect tupe.How to handle a plurality of bar codes simultaneously and detect, do not have the relevant criterion technology to instruct.In fact, differentiate in observed image arbitrarily that to have or not certain bar code graphics be classification problem more than, this is a generally acknowledged difficult problem at area of pattern recognition.In addition, since the bar code scanning recipient to bigger with the influence of pattern distortion; Simultaneously because the effect of IMAQ receives the restriction of ambient lighting power and degree of uniformity.Yet the circumstance complication of actual use is changeable, two-dimensional bar often occurs and is blocked and stained situation.These actual conditions all cause barcode types to detect difficulty more.Therefore, development detects the fast method of two-dimension code figure from observed image under the complex environment of reality, have positive effect.
At home up to the present, do not retrieve similar techniques or related patent U.S. Patent No. as yet.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bar code and two-dimensional bar code fast location and method for distilling, to detect and cause the low problem of recognition speed as handling, solve when discerning multiple barcode types simultaneously exhaustive the early stage of barcode types identification.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: an a kind of peacekeeping two-dimension code figure to digital picture is located and method for distilling fast, and processing procedure is carried out according to following steps:
1), reads coloured image and be converted into gray level image through the computer drives digital camera;
2), gray level image is carried out the smoothing denoising pre-service;
3), gray level image is carried out the yardstick pyramid decomposition of 4 levels;
4), the picture signal of different scale is calculated upward lower envelope;
5), calculate the difference of lower envelope on the picture signal of different scale, the envelope difference under different scale is carried out information fusion, obtain gray integral body disparity map;
6), with type between the maximum difference method calculate the marking area in the whole disparity map of gray, and carry out binary conversion treatment with calculating gained threshold value;
7), adopt extraction algorithm to detect, add up the area and the ordering of protruding connected component, and then obtain the protruding connected component zone of maximum area the zone of the connected component after the binaryzation; If the area of this connected component, can think then that this zone is possible one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code zone greater than setting threshold, and changes step 8) over to; Otherwise then think not detect one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code zone, change step 11) over to;
8), calculate the geometric parameter in the protruding connected component of maximum area zone, comprise boundary rectangle and fitted ellipse;
9), adopt the local segmentation method that the gray level image of original input is carried out binaryzation to circumscribed rectangular region to cut apart, and other zones outside the circumscribed rectangular region are set for blank, obtain the local segmentation image, and be applied to follow-up bar code information identification;
10), the binaryzation figure that obtains being transferred to computing machine discerns; If discern and successfully then open the user prompt function, notify the user and decoding information is outputed to buffer zone;
11), wait for user instruction, continue instruction and then return step 1) if receive; Otherwise entering step 12);
12), withdraw from.
The present invention is made up of three main portions: have the video image acquisition part of prompting and light filling function, handle the core algorithm part of the peacekeeping two-dimensional bar code extraction of video image, be responsible for the interface part with user interactions.Video acquisition part is according to user instruction, opens camera and according to fixing frame per second collection color video frequency image; One peacekeeping two-dimension code detection identification division carries out scan process to the video image of camera acquisition, extracts an also output peacekeeping two-dimensional barcode information wherein; After man-machine interaction partly receives user's work order, at first open light compensating apparatus prompting subscriber equipment and transfer to by dormancy and starting working, and, after scan successfully, point out completion with hummer with laser positioning pilot lamp prompting scanning input scope.Three parts have comprised bottom hardware and driving, core processing algorithm software and upper strata man-machine interaction software respectively.
The present invention analyzes through the envelope to the radio-frequency component of observation image signal; The significant zone of envelope difference is as possible further analysis of bar code zone about being extracted under each yardstick; To local information extraction geometric parameter and self-adaption binaryzation; And then the result offered follow-up scan module, thereby according to the geometric relationship sampling and the decoding output bar code canned data of black and white module.
The present invention can be integrated in special-purpose bar code recognizing apparatus; The video acquisition hardware device resources of existing widely used embedded intelligent equipment also capable of using is carried out intelligentized processing to one dimension sign indicating number and the two-dimension code figure that observes on the basis of video signal collective.
Than the traditional standard detection method of the two-dimension code of bar code, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention's one dimension sign indicating number or two-dimension code type that can adapt to is unrestricted, even comprises UNKNOWN TYPE;
2, the present invention can adapt to the angle of bar code in observation or the wide variation of yardstick;
3, the present invention can provide the region of interest ROI at one dimension or two-dimensional bar code place, and is supported in area-of-interest inside and carries out partial operation, to reduce the traversal scope, accelerates travelling speed;
4, the present invention can carry out rude classification to barcode types, to quicken follow-up identifying;
5, the present invention is integrated into the detection link with image binaryzation, can effectively strengthen efficient;
6, can there be complicated mechanical equipment in the present invention, can make failure rate lower;
7, the present invention can adapt to complicated background and illumination condition, and the requirement reduction to light filling can more be adapted to more common intelligent movable equipment.
The present invention can adapt to the light conditions under the truth; For example illumination is not enough, uneven illumination is even, background is mixed and disorderly or the like; And detect the two-dimension code figure in the video flowing automatically, extract its geometric parameter, local conversion is a binary image efficiently again; Wherein the dark striped of two-dimension code is treated to black, and light striped and background are treated to white.Binary image can supply the two-dimension code scan module to use, to detect positioning pattern wherein.The entire process process has been used some accelerating algorithm, makes implementation procedure higher than the speed of classic method, does not simultaneously receive the influence of version, printed dimensions and color, and has the characteristics of higher antinoise and stained ability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a hardware connection mode key diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2 is respectively the process flow diagram that the present invention handles overview flow chart and the processing of multi-resolution adaptive threshold calculations.
Fig. 3-the 1st, video camera scheme of installation of the present invention.
Fig. 3-the 2nd, the another kind of scheme of installation of video camera of the present invention.
Embodiment
Basic thought of the present invention is following: a kind of bar code and two-dimensional bar code method for quick based on digital image processing techniques; Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention mainly is made up of digital figure sensor, range sensor light filling equipment, location indicating equipment and embedded computer or industrial control computer.Computing machine directly reads DID through driving digital camera, data transmission is given the Intelligent Measurement module of a peacekeeping two-dimension code: carry out following detection step again:
1), the image of read sensor sampling;
2), convert coloured image into gray level image;
3), image is carried out pre-service such as smoothing denoising;
4), the picture signal of different scale is calculated upward lower envelope;
5), calculate the difference of lower envelope on the picture signal of different scale, the envelope difference under different scale is carried out information fusion, obtain gray integral body disparity map;
6), with type between the maximum difference method calculate the marking area in the whole disparity map of gray, and carry out binary conversion treatment with calculating gained threshold value;
7), adopt extraction algorithm to detect, add up the area and the ordering of protruding connected component, and then obtain the protruding connected component zone of maximum area the zone of the connected component after the binaryzation; If the area of this connected component, can think then that this zone is possible one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code zone greater than setting threshold, and changes step 8) over to; Otherwise then think not detect one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code zone, change step 11) over to;
8), calculate the geometric parameter in the protruding connected component of maximum area zone, comprise boundary rectangle and fitted ellipse etc.;
9), adopt the local segmentation method that the gray level image of original input is carried out binaryzation to circumscribed rectangular region to cut apart, and other zones outside the circumscribed rectangular region are set for blank, obtain the local segmentation image, can be applicable to follow-up bar code information identification;
10), the binaryzation figure that obtains being transferred to scanning detection apparatus discerns; If discern and successfully then open the user prompt function, notify the user and decoding information is outputed to buffer zone;
11), wait for user instruction, continue instruction and then return step 1) if receive; Otherwise entering step 12);
12), withdraw from.
Before step 1) begins; Light filling equipment begins light filling; Location indicating equipment prompting sweep limit; And detect the observation content whether in the suitable distance range of 10cm – 30cm with range sensor, if distance is fit to, then change step 1) (this suitable distance range is meant that it is 10cm – 30cm that barcode scanner is suitable for service range) over to.Light filling equipment is a plurality of LED light filling lamps that annular is provided with.
In above each step, central idea is to adopt the mode of texture to differentiate doubtful one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code zone, because the zone of one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code always exists high-frequency dark color and light conversion, and dark with light ratio is close.If successfully judge to have two-dimension code, then take multiresolution to extract one dimension sign indicating number or two-dimension code graphics field.Because adaptive multiresolution is handled; The texture of one dimension sign indicating number or two-dimension code is being had outstanding performance than under the large scale usually; Therefore needn't carry out exhaustive search to entire image, computation complexity greatly reduces, and has quickened one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code Detection and Extraction process (referring to Fig. 2-1, Fig. 2-2).Therefore, judge whether have the meaning that one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code figure are also cut apart fast to be in the observed image, can improve the speed that detects identification fast.Judge that at first that whether the calculation cost of one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code is arranged in the scene is smaller,, then can avoid follow-up useless operation, directly circular treatment next frame image if do not have one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code in the observed image.Secondly, if one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code are arranged in the scene, then need one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code graphics field are extracted.The key request of this moment is not that processing speed is fast, but accurately obtains high-quality split image as far as possible, and then reduces the number of times that the scanning decoding module is attempted.In other words, although high-quality cutting procedure can suitably increase operand,, therefore see to remain and improved recognition rate from the overall situation owing to improved hit rate.Because we have also adopted the method for partial high-precision binaryzation, but therefore computation burden is further reduced.
Hardware list is following:
Title Model
Digital camera Logitech C160
Camera lens Be equivalent to the 85mm optical lens of 135 cameras
Display screen 7’ WVGA Touchscreen LCD display (add-on module)2 LVDS connectors
Embedded computer Freescale i.MX51 EVK
Light compensating apparatus LED annular light filling lamp
The user prompt device The FM hummer
Range sensor KEYES MMS103H
The location indicating equipment Green LED lamp and optically focused prism
Camera parameters explanation (referring to Fig. 3-1, Fig. 3-2): the video camera imaging effect is influenced by sensitive chip and camera lens two aspects mainly.Wherein, sensitive chip can adopt the also available CMOS chip of CCD chip, need adopt large-size as far as possible, to be lowered into the picture noise and to improve dynamic range.Camera lens adopts tight shot, and focal length adopts the 85mm optical lens that is equivalent to 135 cameras, is consistent so that take the distance and the use habit of QR sign indicating number.Camera lens need not automatic focusing, only needs the suitable field depth of design, and when making hand-held or location scanning, the image of QR is just in time within the spirit of camera lens.The sensitive chip of video camera, camera lens need relative fixed, are incorporated into together.
The hardware connection description: camera lens keeps constant with the relative position of camera sensitive chip through stationary installation.The signal of sensitive chip is exported to one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code detection computations machine after through built-in AD conversion, and computing machine connects also control light filling equipment and positioning equipment, and display screen and hummer also are connected to computing machine through slot simultaneously.
Fig. 3-1 illustrates, and camera 2 is installed in mobile computer 1 front portion.
Fig. 3-2 illustrates, and camera 3 is installed on the top board of worktable 4, and desk-top computer 5 is installed on the cradle of worktable.

Claims (3)

1. the peacekeeping two-dimension code figure to digital picture is located and method for distilling fast, it is characterized in that processing procedure is carried out according to following steps:
1), reads coloured image and be converted into gray level image through the computer drives digital camera;
2), gray level image is carried out the smoothing denoising pre-service;
3), gray level image is carried out the yardstick pyramid decomposition of 4 levels;
4), the picture signal of different scale is calculated upward lower envelope;
5), calculate the difference of lower envelope on the picture signal of different scale, the envelope difference under different scale is carried out information fusion, obtain gray integral body disparity map;
6), with type between the maximum difference method calculate the marking area in the whole disparity map of gray, and carry out binary conversion treatment with calculating gained threshold value;
7), adopt extraction algorithm to detect, add up the area and the ordering of protruding connected component, and then obtain the protruding connected component zone of maximum area the zone of the connected component after the binaryzation; If the area of this connected component, can think then that this zone is possible one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code zone greater than setting threshold, and changes step 8) over to; Otherwise then think not detect one dimension sign indicating number and two-dimension code zone, change step 11) over to;
8), calculate the geometric parameter in the protruding connected component of maximum area zone, comprise boundary rectangle and fitted ellipse;
9), adopt the local segmentation method that the gray level image of original input is carried out binaryzation to circumscribed rectangular region to cut apart, and other zones outside the circumscribed rectangular region are set for blank, obtain the local segmentation image, and be applied to follow-up bar code information identification;
10), the binaryzation figure that obtains being transferred to computing machine discerns; If discern and successfully then open the user prompt function, notify the user and decoding information is outputed to buffer zone;
11), wait for user instruction, continue instruction and then return step 1) if receive; Otherwise entering step 12);
12), withdraw from.
2. an a kind of peacekeeping two-dimension code figure to digital picture according to claim 1 is located and method for distilling fast; It is characterized in that before said step 1) began, light filling equipment began light filling; Location indicating equipment prompting sweep limit; And detect the observation content whether in the suitable distance range of 10cm – 30cm with range sensor, if distance is fit to, then change step 1) over to.
3. an a kind of peacekeeping two-dimension code figure to digital picture according to claim 2 is located and method for distilling fast, it is characterized in that said light filling equipment is a plurality of LED light filling lamps that annular is provided with.
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CN111191480A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-22 广东旭龙物联科技股份有限公司 Method and device for searching bar code boundary by envelope curve based on first-order difference
CN111191480B (en) * 2019-12-30 2023-08-29 广东旭龙物联科技股份有限公司 Method and device for searching bar code boundary by envelope curve based on first-order difference
CN112651257B (en) * 2020-12-23 2022-08-16 福建新大陆支付技术有限公司 Two-dimensional code, bar code image positioning and identifying method and storage medium thereof
CN112651257A (en) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-13 福建新大陆支付技术有限公司 Two-dimensional code, bar code image positioning and identifying method and storage medium thereof
CN115270837A (en) * 2022-09-27 2022-11-01 北京紫光青藤微系统有限公司 One-dimensional code recognition equipment and recognition method

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