CN102681286B - Optical switch and communication system of optical signal - Google Patents

Optical switch and communication system of optical signal Download PDF

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CN102681286B
CN102681286B CN201210156749.6A CN201210156749A CN102681286B CN 102681286 B CN102681286 B CN 102681286B CN 201210156749 A CN201210156749 A CN 201210156749A CN 102681286 B CN102681286 B CN 102681286B
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light
end points
photoswitch
path
reversible
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CN102681286A (en
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杨淳良
徐达儒
洪健庭
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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Abstract

The invention discloses an optical switch and a communication system (applied by the optical switch) of an optical signal. The optical switch comprises a first reversible optical circulator and a second reversible optical circulator, wherein each reversible optical circulator is provided with four output/input ports, namely, a first end point, a second end point, a third end point and a fourth end point; the optical signal is circularly transmitted in a clockwise direction or a reverse direction from the first end point to the fourth end point in sequence according to a control signal; an opening end is arranged between the first end point and the fourth end point which are adjacent; and two opening ends of the first reversible optical circulator and the second reversible optical circulator are mutually coupled.

Description

The communication system of photoswitch and light signal
The application is to be the divisional application of the application for a patent for invention that May 25, application number in 2009 are 200910141749.7, denomination of invention is " communication system of photoswitch and light signal " applying date.
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of optical switch, can be applied to the communication system of light signal.
Background technology
Fibre Optical Communication Technology is used at large in backbone network system, be technology option best in current wire communication transmission system, its transmission medium optical fiber has low loss, super wide frequency range, is not subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI), volume is little, lightweight, confidentiality advantages of higher.The node of each communication in optical fiber communication networking, it need to be uploaded, and Yu Xiachuan path, path is corresponding transmits and reception information, to reach bidirectional transfer of information.Under general status, upload Yu Xiachuan path, path and can divide separately independence to transmit on an optical fiber.In the time that broken string situation occurs working optical fibre, system passes light signal by photoswitch by up/down according to protection mechanism again and switches to indivedual protection optical fiber.Traditional photoswitch is limited to the switching state of switch, and the network system of optical fiber communication need to arrange multiple fiber optic protections path to maintain good communication.
In order to simplify the cost at optical fiber communication networking and to increase the DE of network design, in this case technology, the existing switching state that proposes to improve photoswitch, can reduce the setting of the multiple fiber paths between node and node.Fig. 1 illustrates the switching state schematic diagram of traditional photoswitch.Consult Fig. 1, the U.S. the 5th, 724, No. 165 patent discloses a kind of photoswitch.This photoswitch 90 has two input ends 104,108 and two output terminals 106,110 for 2x2 photoswitch, and have two kinds of switch modes as the parallel state of Fig. 1 (a) (Bar state) with as the staggered state of Fig. 1 (b) (Cross state).In the time being the parallel state of Fig. 1 (a), light signal can be transferred to output terminal 106 by input end 104 by light path 100 and 102, and transmits in the other direction and can be transferred to input end 108 by output terminal 110, as shown in arrow 112 and 118.Another kind of mode is the path as shown in arrow 114 and 116.
In the time that photoswitch 90 is the staggered state of Fig. 1 (b), light signal can be by light path 100 and 102, transfer to output terminal 110 its paths as shown in arrow 112 from input end 104, and transmit and can be transferred to input end 108 by output terminal 106, its path as shown in arrow 116 in the other direction.When another kind of mode transmits, can transmit in the path as shown in arrow 114 and 118.Two-way light signal can be transmitted on light path identical in photoswitch simultaneously, this reciprocal characteristics that is photoswitch.
Fig. 2 illustrates the handoff functionality schematic diagram of another kind of traditional photoswitch.Consult Fig. 2, the U.S. the 6th, 594, No. 068 patent discloses another kind of photoswitch 120, it has two kinds of states to carry out transmitting optical signal by single directional light path 122 and 124, if Fig. 2 (a) is with as shown in Fig. 2 (b), and two-way light signal cannot be transmitted on light path identical in photoswitch simultaneously, and it is the irreversible characteristic of photoswitch.
The switching state of photoswitch can have influence on the setting of actual fiber network.Therefore, if the exercisable switching state of photoswitch the more, more can effectively simplify the setting of fiber optic network, or can more flexiblely design fiber optic network and management maintenance.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of photoswitch, can have multiple switch mode.
The invention provides a kind of communication system of light signal, the photoswitch switching by multi-mode, can simplify optical fiber network system and provide fiber path mutual protection mechanism.
The present invention proposes a kind of photoswitch, comprises the first reversible light circulator and the second reversible light circulator.Each of the first reversible light circulator and the second reversible light circulator has four input/output ports, be respectively the first end points, the second end points, the 3rd end points and the 4th end points, making this first end points according to a control signal is sequentially can transmit light signal for forward circulation or reverse circulation to the 4th end points, and is an open end between this adjacent first end points and the 4th end points.Wherein two open ends of the first reversible light circulator and the second reversible light circulator couple mutually.
The present invention more proposes a kind of photoswitch; comprise the first reversible light circulator; there are four input/output ports; be respectively the first end points, the second end points, the 3rd end points and the 4th end points; making this first end points according to a control signal is sequentially can for circulation forward or reverse circulation transmits light signal to the 4th end points, and is not intercommunication between this adjacent first end points and the 4th end points; And the second reversible light circulator, there are four input/output ports, be respectively the first end points, the second end points, the 3rd end points and the 4th end points, making this first end points according to a control signal is sequentially can for circulation forward or reverse circulation transmits light signal to the 4th end points, and is not intercommunication between this adjacent first end points and the 4th end points.Wherein, this first end points of this first reversible light circulator and the 4th end points are cross-linked this first end points and the 4th end points of this second reversible light circulator.Wherein this second end points of this first reversible light circulator and this second reversible light circulator and the 3rd end points are connected respectively to the first communication ends and second communication end.
The present invention more proposes a kind of communication system of light signal, comprises the first communication node, second communication node, the first photoswitch and the second photoswitch.The first communication node has the first transmission end and the first receiving end.Second communication node has the second transmission end and one or two receiving ends.The first photoswitch has two end points to be connected to this first transmission end and this first receiving end, and another two end points are connected respectively to the first fiber path and the second fiber path.The second photoswitch has two end points to be connected respectively to this first fiber path and this second fiber path and another two end points to be connected respectively to this second transmission end and this second receiving end.The structure of the first photoswitch and the second photoswitch comprises the first reversible light circulator and the second reversible light circulator, all there are respectively four input/output ports, be respectively the first end points, the second end points, the 3rd end points and the 4th end points, making this first end points according to a control signal is sequentially can for circulation forward or reverse circulation transmits light signal to the 4th end points, and is not intercommunication between this adjacent first end points and the 4th end points.Wherein, this first end points of this first reversible light circulator and the 4th end points are cross-linked this first end points and the 4th end points of this second reversible light circulator.Wherein two these the second end points of this first reversible light circulator in these two photoswitches and this second reversible light circulator are used as this two end points, and two the 3rd end points are used as this another two end points.
The present invention more proposes a kind of photoswitch, comprise multiple reversible light circulators, each this reversible light circulator comprises that polarization optical splitter, Ffaraday rotator, polarization splicer and magnetic field Control Component form, to connect into a 2x2 photoswitch, this 2x2 photoswitch has four kinds of switching states, comprise: the first switching state is to be parastate in the time that forward light transmits, and backlight is transmitted as staggered state.The second switching state is to be staggered state in the time that forward light transmits, and backlight is transmitted as parastate.The third switching state is that the upper port path of this photoswitch only permits forward light transmission, and lower port path only allows backlight transmission, and this upper port path and this lower port path are light isolation.This lower port path that the 4th kind of switching state is this photoswitch only allows forward light transmission, and this upper port path only allows backlight transmission, and this upper port path and this lower port path port are light isolation.
State feature and advantage on the present invention and can become apparent for allowing, special embodiment below, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawing to be described in detail below.
Brief description of the drawings
The switching state schematic diagram that Fig. 1 (a)-1 (b) is traditional photoswitch.
The switching state schematic diagram that Fig. 2 (a)-2 (b) is another kind of traditional photoswitch.
Fig. 3 (a)-3 (d) is according to one embodiment of the invention, four kinds of switching state schematic diagram that photoswitch has.
Fig. 4 is the basic structure schematic diagram of optical fiber telecommunications system.
Fig. 5 is according to one embodiment of the invention, the structural representation of reversible light circulator.
The circulatory function schematic diagram of Fig. 6 (a)-6 (b) for producing according to the reversible light circulator of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is according to one embodiment of the invention, optical switch construction schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 (a)-8 (d) is according to one embodiment of the invention, reaches four kinds of switch mode schematic diagram of Fig. 3 according to the photoswitch of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 (a)-9 (c) is according to one embodiment of the invention, the configuration diagram of the communication system of light signal.
Primary clustering symbol description
90: photoswitch
100,102: light path
104,108: input end
106,110: output terminal
112,114,116,118: arrow
120: photoswitch
122,124: light path
150,152,154,156: switch mode
160,162: light path
164: photoswitch
166,168,166 ', 168 ': light path
170: light circulator
172: magnetic field Control Component
200,202: reversible light circulator
204,206,208,210,220,222: light path
300,302: photoswitch
Embodiment
The present invention is new-type 2x2 photoswitch, has four kinds of path switching states.Fig. 3 illustrates according to one embodiment of the invention, four kinds of switching state schematic diagram that photoswitch has.Consult Fig. 3, the changeable four kinds of switch modes 150,152,154,156 of photoswitch.For two exterior light paths 160 and 162, carry out the communication of light signal via the switch mode of photoswitch.At Fig. 3 (a), in the time that forward transmission is all parastate, it is switch mode 150 that reverse transfer is all staggered state.At Fig. 3 (b), forward transmission is all staggered state, and it is switch mode 152 that reverse transfer is all parastate.Switch mode 150,152 is the characteristic of non-reversible photoswitch switching.Again at Fig. 3 (c), when light signal can only forward be transmitted by top port, and be switch mode 154 by the state that below port carries out reverse transfer.Can only forward be transmitted by below port when light signal at Fig. 3 (d), and be switch mode 156 by the state that top port carries out reverse transfer.Switch mode 154,156 has different direction light isolation features.By photoswitch of the present invention, it can allow comparatively elasticity and the saving of design of fiber optic network.
Fig. 4 illustrates the basic structure schematic diagram of optical fiber telecommunications system.Consult Fig. 4, optical fiber network system, taking the photoswitch 164 of simple alternative (1x2) as example illustrates, carries out the optical signal transmission of two directions by two light paths 166 and 168 under its fiber path normal operation.But it may light path 166 and 168 has fault and cannot signal transmission.For fear of the one because of light path 166 and 168 or the two breaks down, and cause the paralysis of whole network system, the light path 166 ' and 168 ' that two stand-by protections are used generally all can be set again.So, in the time that light path 166 and 168 one have fault, it switches to light path 166 ' and the 168 ' one of corresponding protection.Therefore, traditional primary demand, light path needs two groups to reach the function of protection.But, if adopt photoswitch of the present invention, allow one group of basic light path can reach defencive function.Certainly,, if standby one group of light path has passablely again, the function of its protection is just more powerful.
In order to reach the handoff functionality as Fig. 3, the present invention adopts the structure of reversible light circulator to combine.Fig. 5 illustrates according to one embodiment of the invention, the structural representation of reversible light circulator.Consult Fig. 5, reversible light circulator for example comprises a light circulator 170 and a magnetic field Control Component 172 is controlled by a control signal.Light circulator 170 has four input/outputs (IO) port, be called the first end points (Port 1), the second end points (Port2), the 3rd end points (Port 3) and the 4th end points (Port 4), wherein the unit that is magnetic, light circulator 170 inside is to be made up of half retentive material.Magnetic field Control Component 172, for example, be solenoid, produces a first direction magnetic field or a second direction magnetic field according to a control signal, puts on light circulator 170 to change a pole polarity.So, through the second end points and the 3rd end points to the four end points, be sequentially with forward or the reverse light signal that transmits from the first end points.Again, the first end points is directly fixing not intercommunication between the 4th.
With regard to the detailed structure of light circulator, the assembly of light circulator comprises that polarization optical splitter, Ffaraday rotator, polarization splicer, magnetic field Control Component are formed by combining.Pole orientation and magnetic force that magnetic field Control Component changes half-hard magnetic material by external control signal driving magnetic field controller keep, and then the auroral poles anglec of rotation direction that changes Ffaraday rotator forms reversible light circulator, and then composition 2 × 2 photoswitch interior lights paths configuration of can resetting, switch to reach light path.
The theoretical mechanism of light circulator is summarized as follows: Ffaraday rotator is to move according to Faraday magnetooptical effect.The polarized rotation angle of Ffaraday rotator can change along with externally-applied magnetic field intensity size, and the polarized rotation angle of input light wave changes after because of the Ffaraday rotator of passing through, and then the light wave polarization splicer of passing through is again exported and be coupled to optical fiber afterwards.Because input light wave forms twice light path (TE and TM) after polarization optical splitter, after Ffaraday rotator, change the polarized state of per pass light path, therefore on polarization splicer, can produce linear polarization filter effect and then change light wave intensity size.In the time that the polarized rotation angle of Ffaraday rotator enough allows light circulator form light direct of travel steering state, almost can intercept the incident light wave of former direction completely, or claim light direct of travel to switch.
More for example, while design by coil, light circulator is peripheral to be wound around upper suitable coil and also to use permeability magnetic material to be coated on coil periphery, uses permeability magnetic material to be coated on periphery can to reduce the demand of drive current.When passing through coil with forward current pulse, the half-hard magnetic material of light circulator inside is responded to corresponding magnetic field and is kept magnetic force, and affects the direction that Ffaraday rotator rotates, and then reverses light direct of travel.When passing through coil with backward current pulse, the half-hard magnetic material of light circulator inside is responded to corresponding magnetic field and is kept magnetic force, and affects the direction that Ffaraday rotator rotates, and then recovers light direct of travel, utilizes direction of current to reach switches light direction.
Fig. 6 illustrates the circulatory function schematic diagram producing according to the reversible light circulator of Fig. 5.Consult Fig. 6 (a), when reversible light circulator is circulation time forward, it is the circulation to the 4th end points (4) by the first end points (1) as shown in clockwise arrow.Therefore,, if light signal is from end points (1) input, can export from next end points (2).Similarly, light signal, from end points (2) input, can be exported from next end points (3).Light signal, from end points (3) input, can be exported from next end points (4).Light signal is from end points (4) input, because not intercommunication between end points (1) and end points (4) does not have ringing.Consult Fig. 6 (b), reversible light circulator also may be controlled to anticlockwise reverse circulation.
Fig. 7 illustrates according to one embodiment of the invention, optical switch construction schematic diagram.Consult Fig. 7, the photoswitch of one embodiment of the invention is the switch of 2x2, is made up of two 200,202 of reversible light circulators.The coupling mode of two reversible light circulators 200,202 is that two openends interconnect.For a reversible light circulator, its adjacent end points (1) is not intercommunication with end points (4), is openend.Two openends interconnect, except be two end points (1) be connected and two end points (4) be connected, in order to reach symmetrical configuration and convenient explanation, preferred embodiment in this way end points (1) is cross-linked with end points (4) herein.End points (2) is used for being connected with exterior light path with end points (3), to reach the effect of switching.
Fig. 8 illustrates according to one embodiment of the invention, reaches four kinds of switching state schematic diagram of Fig. 3 according to the photoswitch of Fig. 7, is described as follows:
The first switching state: consult Fig. 8 (a), illustrate as an example of end points (2) the right end points (3) on the left side example, reversible light circulator 200 is forward to circulate and reversible light circulator 202 is also forward to circulate.In the time that light signal is sent to the right end points (3) from left side end points (2), as shown in light path 204 and 206, be parastate.In the time that light signal is sent to left side end points (2) from the right end points (3), it as shown in light path 208 and 210, is staggered state.
The second switching state: consult Fig. 8 (b), at this state, by the control of loop direction, reversible light circulator 200 is to be controlled to reverse circulation, and its loop direction is to end points (1) by end points (4).Another reversible light circulator 202 is to be also controlled to reverse circulation.So, it is contrary with the switch mode of Fig. 8 (a), is in the time that light signal is sent to the right end points (3) from left side end points (2), is staggered state as shown in path 204 and 206.In the time that light signal is sent to left side end points (2) from the right end points (3), as shown in path 208 and 210, be parastate.
The third switching state: consult Fig. 8 (c), reversible light circulator 200 is to be controlled to forward circulation and reversible light circulator 202 is to be controlled to reverse circulation.So, when light signal only can transmit by reversible light circulator 200 in the time that left side end points (2) is sent to the right end points (3), as light path 220.Conversely, in the time that being sent to left side end points (2) from the right end points (3), only can transmit by reversible light circulator 202 light signal, as light path 222.
The 4th kind of switching state: consult Fig. 8 (d), reversible light circulator 200 is that to be controlled to reverse circulation and reversible light circulator 202 be to be controlled to forward circulation.It is contrary with Fig. 8 (c), and light path 222 only passes through reversible light circulator 200, and light path 220 only passes through reversible light circulator 202.That is to say, be segregate between two reversible light circulators 200 and 202.
In other words, make to become forward by two reversible light circulators of two control signal controls four switching states that circulation or reverse circulation reach.The first switching state is to be parastate in the time of the transmission of light forward, and backlight is transmitted as staggered state, as shown in Fig. 8 (a).The second switching state is staggered state in the time of the transmission of light forward, and backlight is transmitted as parastate, as shown in Fig. 8 (b).The third switching state is that a upper port path of photoswitch is only to allow forward light transmission, and once port path is only to allow backlight transmission, as shown in Fig. 8 (c).Upper port path and this lower port path are light isolation.The lower port path that the 4th kind of switching state is photoswitch is only to allow forward light transmission, and upper port path is only to allow backlight transmission, as shown in Fig. 8 (d).This upper port path and this lower port path port are light isolation.Again just generally speaking, the link between two reversible light circulators 200 and 202, need not be limited to the structure of Fig. 8, and it also can have other optical module to couple and use.
Fig. 9 illustrates according to one embodiment of the invention, the configuration diagram of the communication system of light signal.Consult Fig. 9 (a), utilize two photoswitches as Fig. 8 to be arranged on two nodes of communication.Photoswitch 300 is arranged on one end to be connected to transmission end Tx1 and receiving end Rx1, and photoswitch 302 is arranged on the other end to be connected to transmission end Tx2 and receiving end Rx2.By the switch mode of setting photoswitch 300 and 302, can carry out normal mode communication.Consult Fig. 9 (b), in the time that wherein there is fault in a path, shown in dotted line, path cannot communicate by letter.Now can, by the switch mode that changes photoswitch 300 and 302, so only utilize a paths can maintain communication.Therefore, do not need to arrange Protection path for subsequent use yet.Consult Fig. 9 (c), it is identical with the situation of Fig. 9 (b), but it is another path fails.Now also can, by the switch mode that changes photoswitch 300 and 302, continue to maintain communication.Certainly, photoswitch 300 is not limited only to lifted mode in the application of the communication system of fiber optic network.Photoswitch 300 can be applicable to optical system need to do the place that switch in path.
In other words, the present invention proposes the structure of photoswitch, at least has the switch mode of four kinds, allows to simplify setting and other relevant application of fiber optic network.
Although the present invention discloses as above with embodiment; so it is not in order to limit the present invention; under any, in technical field, have and conventionally know the knowledgeable; without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; when doing a little change and retouching, thus the present invention's protection domain when depending on after attached claims person of defining be as the criterion.

Claims (1)

1. a photoswitch, comprising:
Multiple reversible light circulators, each this reversible light circulator comprises that polarization optical splitter, Ffaraday rotator, polarization splicer and magnetic field Control Component form, to connect into a 2x2 photoswitch, this 2x2 photoswitch has four kinds of switching states to comprise:
The first switching state in the time that forward light transmits, be parastate, and backlight is transmitted as staggered state;
The second switching state in the time that forward light transmits, be staggered state, and backlight is transmitted as parastate;
The third switching state, wherein a upper port path of this photoswitch is only to permit forward light transmission, and once port path is only to allow backlight transmission, this upper port path and this lower port path are light isolation; And
The 4th kind of switching state, wherein this lower port path of this photoswitch is only to allow forward light transmission, and this upper port path is only to allow backlight transmission, this upper port path and this lower port path port are light isolation.
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