CN102679958B - On-line dynamic monitoring method for biomass of large vascular plant in small area range - Google Patents
On-line dynamic monitoring method for biomass of large vascular plant in small area range Download PDFInfo
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- CN102679958B CN102679958B CN201210127596.2A CN201210127596A CN102679958B CN 102679958 B CN102679958 B CN 102679958B CN 201210127596 A CN201210127596 A CN 201210127596A CN 102679958 B CN102679958 B CN 102679958B
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Abstract
The invention provides an on-line dynamic monitoring method for biomass of a large vascular plant in a small area range. The method comprises the steps as follows: a demonstration site for area characteristics is established, and spectrogram of the large vascular plant is shot; the result obtained by shooting with a multi-spectrum camera is converted through an NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) conversion formula to obtain the NDVI of the large vascular plant within the range of the demonstration site; the NDVI is converted into NPP (net primary productivity) through a light energy conversion model; the relationship between NDVI and the biomass within the range of the demonstration site is obtained according to the biomass obtained through actual sampling; area TM image data with lower precision are regressed and adjusted respectively to obtain a function equation between the NDVI and the area TM image data; and the area NPP is obtained through the light energy conversion model again. Compared with traditional manual sampling and monitoring, the online dynamic monitoring method provided by the invention improves real-time performance and convenience of biomass monitoring, facilitates scientific management of small-area environment and ecology, improves precision of biomass monitoring in a whole area, is simple and convenient in data processing, and is high in operability.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to large-scale tube bank plant ground biomass monitoring, Kinematic RS Monitoring technical applications, especially relates to a kind of large-scale tube bank phytomass On-Line Dynamic Monitoring method in small area.
Background technology
Biomass monitoring technology within the scope of traditional small scale is mainly by setting up monitoring point, continues regularly, by scientific and reasonable space samples, to carry out the measurement of biomass, thereby reach, the variation of region biomass assessed.Although this monitoring mode can carry out the monitoring of biomass effectively, is subject to the restriction of monitoring site, monitoring range is less on the one hand, and monitoring periods is longer on the other hand, can not realize in real time the monitoring to biomass.And for the space distribution of regional extent biomass, mainly predict that by the soil statistics interpolation method that learns the sampled point in other regions obtains property value by zone location data of monitoring point, thereby disclose the spatial distribution characteristic of region biomass.But thisly will put to such an extent that monitoring result its precision of method of expanding to region cannot be guaranteed.Along with the development of remote sensing technology, remotely-sensed data is simplified measurement, the calculating of monitoring, the observation process of biomass in large regional extent more at present, obtain terrestrial reference vegetation information and correlation parameter by remotely-sensed data, become a kind of important tool and the means of the real-time earth's surface biological of inverting on a large scale amount.But remote sensing technology method is used in the regional extent of large scale at present, mainly carrys out inverting earth's surface biological amount by MODIS and TM image data.But when this method is interior for small scale regional extent, due to reasons such as its data resolutions, its precision and accuracy are difficult to ensure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design a kind of large-scale tube bank phytomass On-Line Dynamic Monitoring method in novel small area, address the above problem.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of large-scale tube bank phytomass On-Line Dynamic Monitoring method in small area, comprises that step is as follows:
The first step is set up provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project in studied region, and the spectrogram that adopts multispectral camera to carry out large-scale tube bank plant within described provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project is taken;
Second step, the result that described multispectral camera is taken, by NDVI conversion formula, obtains the large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value of the interior high precision of described provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project " point range ", Real-Time Monitoring;
Wherein, ρ NIR represents the reflectivity of near infrared light wave band; ρ Red represents the reflectivity of red spectral band;
The 3rd step is large-scale tube bank plant Net primary productivity NPP by described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value by light energy conversion model conversation; Again according to the biomass data that obtain of actual samples, obtain the relation between described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value and the biomass in described provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project " point range ", thereby realize the real time monitoring of the large-scale tube bank phytomass in described provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project " point range ";
The 4th step, according to described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value, the region TM image data lower to the precision in each characteristic area returns respectively adjustment, obtain the functional relation between described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value and described region TM image data, thereby realize the adjustment to described region TM image data, obtain region NDVI numerical value;
The 5th step, by described region NDVI numerical value, by light energy conversion model conversation, obtains the large-scale tube bank plant Net primary productivity NPP in regional extent again, obtains region NPP, thereby realizes the biomass monitoring of the real-time high-precision of spreading over a whole area from one point.
In the first step, the shooting time scope that described spectrogram is taken is set to some every days 6,12 points, 18 3 moment.
In the 3rd step, the biomass data that obtain of actual samples return after adjustment and/or matching adjustment, then set up the relation between described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value.
The technical matters that this patent will solve is to overcome in the medium and small regional extent of prior art the not high or poor continuity of ground biomass data precision, the problems such as Quantitative study deficiency, set up one and are applicable to ground biomass realtime on-line monitoring method in the small area such as lake and marshland.
The so-called NDVI of the present invention (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), refers to normalized differential vegetation index, or standard difference vegetation index.
The so-called Net primary productivity NPP of the present invention, also claim net primary productivity (Net Primary Productivity), refer in the organic substance total amount that plant produces by photosynthesis in unit interval unit area and deduct the remainder after autotrophic respiration, that the producer can be used for growing, the energy value of development and fecundity, having reflected that plant fixes and transform the efficiency of photosynthate, is also the material base of other biological member existence and procreation in the ecosystem.
In the present invention, the concrete grammar that is NPP by light energy conversion model conversation by NDVI numerical value, can be with reference to " the clean primary productivity Remote Sensing Dynamic Monitoring of Vegetation of China ", author: Chen Lijun, Liu Gaohuan, Li Hui state." remote sensing journal ", 2002. the 6th volumes, the 2nd phase, 129-136 page.This patent is incorporated by reference in this text and examines above-mentioned existing document.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) there is science: the invention provides large-scale tube bank plant ground biomass monitoring in a kind of small area, the real-time and the convenience that have promoted biomass monitoring compared with Traditional Man sampling monitoring, be conducive to the management of regional environment ecological science.
(2) accuracy: the high accuracy data obtaining by characteristic area demonstration pilot project is adjusted the TM image data of the low precision in region, improves the accuracy of whole region biomass monitoring.
(3) workable: method provided by the invention data processing used is easy, workable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flowage structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make technical matters solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
One is as shown in Figure 1 applicable to the large-scale tube bank plant of small area ground biomass on-line monitoring method, comprises the following steps:
1, in studied region, set up provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project, adopt multispectral camera to carry out large-scale tube bank plant spectral photograph taking, shooting time scope is set to (6 points every day, 12 points, 18 points) three moment (because between the NDVI that taken by light condition restriction different time every day, have certain difference arrange 3 time points take the result that obtains can mutual correction, and can spend the ground time according to the satellite of taking TM image, choosing the NDVI value in corresponding moment proofreaies and correct it), by NDVI conversion formula and then can obtain " point range " interior high precision, NDVI (the vegetation normalization index) numerical value of the large-scale tube bank plant of Real-Time Monitoring.
In formula: ρ NIR, represents the reflectivity of near infrared light wave band; ρ Red, represents the reflectivity of red spectral band.
2, by high precision, Real-Time Monitoring in " point range ", can obtain the NDVI numerical value of large-scale tube bank plant, then by luminous energy model, large-scale tube bank plant NDVI value is converted into large-scale tube bank plant Net primary productivity (NPP), obtain the relation between NDVI value and the biomass in " point range ", thereby realize the real time monitoring of the large-scale tube bank phytomass in " point range ".
For NDVI value, the concrete grammar transforming to NPP by luminous energy model, can be with reference to " the clean primary productivity Remote Sensing Dynamic Monitoring of Vegetation of China ", author: Chen Lijun, Liu Gaohuan, Li Hui state." remote sensing journal ", 2002. the 6th volumes, the 2nd phase, 129-136 page.This patent is incorporated by reference in this text and examines above-mentioned existing document.
3, the data that obtain by actual biomass sampling analysis are by methods such as recurrence, matchings, and the biomass data that each " point range " obtained are corrected.
4, according to obtain in " point range " high-precision real time NDVI Value Data, according to each characteristic area, the lower TM image data of precision is done respectively to regretional analysis, obtain both relative functional relations, thereby realize the adjustment to the lower TM image NDVI data of precision in small area.Then according to the NDVI value after adjusting, by luminous energy model conversion, obtain biomass in regional extent, spread over a whole area from one point the biomass of real-time high-precision of monitoring and monitor thereby realize.
More than by the detailed description of concrete and preferred embodiment the present invention; but those skilled in the art should be understood that; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement etc., within protection scope of the present invention all should be included in.
Claims (3)
1. a large-scale tube bank phytomass On-Line Dynamic Monitoring method in small area, is characterized in that, comprises that step is as follows:
The first step is set up provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project in studied region, and the spectrogram that adopts multispectral camera to carry out large-scale tube bank plant within described provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project is taken;
Second step, the result that described multispectral camera is taken, by NDVI conversion formula, obtains the large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value of the interior high precision of described provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project " point range ", Real-Time Monitoring;
Wherein, ρ NIR represents the reflectivity of near infrared light wave band; ρ Red represents the reflectivity of red spectral band;
The 3rd step is large-scale tube bank plant Net primary productivity NPP by described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value by light energy conversion model conversation; Again according to the biomass data that obtain of actual samples, obtain the relation between described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value and the biomass in described provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project " point range ", thereby realize the real time monitoring of the large-scale tube bank phytomass in described provincial characteristics demonstration pilot project " point range ";
The 4th step, according to described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value, the region TM image data lower to the precision in each characteristic area returns respectively adjustment, obtain the functional relation between described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value and described region TM image data, thereby realize the adjustment to described region TM image data, obtain region NDVI numerical value;
The 5th step, by described region NDVI numerical value, by light energy conversion model conversation, obtains the large-scale tube bank plant Net primary productivity NPP in regional extent again, obtains region NPP, thereby realizes the biomass monitoring of the real-time high-precision of spreading over a whole area from one point.
2. large-scale tube bank phytomass On-Line Dynamic Monitoring method in small area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the first step, the shooting time scope that described spectrogram is taken is set to some every days 6,12 points, 18 3 moment.
3. large-scale tube bank phytomass On-Line Dynamic Monitoring method in small area according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the 3rd step, the biomass data that obtain of actual samples return after adjustment and/or matching adjustment, then set up the relation between described large-scale tube bank plant NDVI numerical value.
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