CN102678414A - Piezoelectric injector for diesel engine - Google Patents
Piezoelectric injector for diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102678414A CN102678414A CN2012101311278A CN201210131127A CN102678414A CN 102678414 A CN102678414 A CN 102678414A CN 2012101311278 A CN2012101311278 A CN 2012101311278A CN 201210131127 A CN201210131127 A CN 201210131127A CN 102678414 A CN102678414 A CN 102678414A
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- ball valve
- needle
- injector body
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Abstract
The invention is applied to diesel engine high-pressure common-rail electronic control injecting systems and in particular relates to a piezoelectric injector for a diesel engine. The piezoelectric injector comprises an injector body, a needle valve is installed at the front end of the injector body, an injection nozzle is arranged at the front end of the needle valve, an oil pipe joint and an oil return joint are arranged on the side of the injector body, a laminated type piezoelectric actuator is arranged at the back end of the injector body, a working drawing bar is arranged in the laminated type piezoelectric actuator, the lower end of the working is connected with a ball valve through a ball valve compression bar, a ball valve spring is sleeved on the ball valve compression bar, and a fuel control chamber is arranged at a position between the ball valve and the needle valve in the injector body. The piezoelectric injector for the diesel engine has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in cost, rapid in response speed, and capable of accurately adjusting an injection rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is applied to diesel engine high-pressure co-rail electronic control injection system, particularly a kind of piezoelectric fuel injector that is applied to diesel engine.
Background technique
For many years, people have done number of research projects for the combination property that improves diesel engine, have obtained many fruitful achievements.Because the performance of diesel engine is direct correlation with noxious emission with the cylinder of diesel engine combustion process, so, the control combustion process be improve diesel engine performance and minimizing diesel engine hazardous emission the most at all, valid approach.At present, improve diesel engine performance, improving the state-of-the-art technology that diesel emission mainly takes has the high-pressure common rail spraying technique.
The high-pressure common rail spraying technique can the rationalization through injection timing, fuel injection quantity, jet pressure and injecting times be distributed and is directly controlled and improve the cylinder of diesel engine combustion process; Can effectively improve diesel engine performance; Reduce diesel emission; Be to improve diesel engine performance at present, reduce main, the most widely used technological means of diesel emission.
Up to the end of the year 2000, in the oil sprayer of high pressure co-rail system, also be to use solenoid valve to control the open and close of needle-valve.Yet the self shortcoming of solenoid valve makes existing high-pressure common-rail injection system can't satisfy more high injection pressure and the flexible adjustable requirements at the higher level of injection rate curve.At first, because the inductance effect of solenoid valve electromagnetic coil makes lag time longer relatively, cause realizing that the injection of more times number is relatively more difficult.In addition, solenoid valve is a kind of switch valve, can only simply accomplish the beginning of injection process and closes, and can't arbitrarily control needle lift and needle valve movement speed.Piezoelectric ceramic actuator is a kind of novel micro-displacement driver spare that fast development is in recent years got up.Compare with solenoid valve, the piezoelectric ceramic actuator in the oil sprayer have switch rapidly accurately, good reproducibility, the life-span is long and do not have advantage such as lag time.
External each big diesel engine factory commercial city has been developed piezoelectric fuel injector, and SIEMENS will take the lead in having released a kind of piezoelectric fuel injector in the end of the year 2000.The piezoelectric fuel injector concrete structure of SIEMENS is referring to Fig. 1, and before the energising of piezoelectric crystal heap, control valve is closed.At this moment, control valve chamber, control chamber, chamber volume and rail cavity pressure communicate.Because control chamber pressure is identical with chamber volume pressure, needle-valve is closed under the effect of needle valve spring.Apply the voltage of certain duration to piezoelectric crystal heap, inverse piezoelectric effect make about 40
of piezoelectric pile vertical elongated.Piezoelectric pile promotes valve piston and control valve by means of push rod, and control valve is opened.Then, the fuel oil of control valve chamber flows to return line, makes the pressure of control valve chamber descend.This moment, the fuel oil of control chamber flowed to return line through oil outlet, control valve chamber, thus make control chamber pressure also descend, cause the bigger pressure difference of control chamber and chamber volume generation like this.When pressure difference greatly when overcoming the elastic force of needle valve spring, needle-valve lifts.Fuel oil begins to spray.The shortcoming of this scheme is; Oil sprayer in course of injection, the decline of control chamber pressure, the fuel oil of control chamber need expend the regular hour and get into return line through the control valve chamber; Influence the opening speed of the needle-valve of oil sprayer, thereby influence the sensitivity that oil sprayer sprays.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly to overcome the problem and shortage that existing technology exists; The piezoelectric fuel injector that is applied to diesel engine that a kind of simple in structure, with low cost, speed of response is fast, can accurately regulate injection rate is provided; This oil sprayer can be realized multiple fuel injection, improves combustion efficiency, reduction fuel consumption rate and the exhaust emission of diesel engine.
The technological scheme that the present invention adopted is specific as follows: a kind of piezoelectric fuel injector that is applied to diesel engine; Its difference is: it comprises injector body, and the front end of injector body is equipped with needle-valve, and the front end of needle-valve is provided with oil nozzle; The sidepiece of injector body is provided with oil connection and back leakage connection; The injector body rear end is provided with the lamination type piezoelectric actuator, is provided with the work pull bar in the lamination type piezoelectric actuator, and the lower end of work pull bar connects with ball valve through the ball valve depression bar; Be set with the ball valve spring on the ball valve depression bar; The position of said injector body inside between ball valve and needle-valve is provided with the fuel oil control chamber, and the fuel oil control chamber is provided with the oil inlet hole that is communicated with oil connection, the oil outlet that is connected with back leakage connection, is provided with control piston in the fuel oil control chamber; The controlling rod of control piston connects with needle-valve; The opening and closing of lamination type piezoelectric actuator control ball valve make fuel oil control chamber cavity pressure descend or rising, thereby to control the oil spout action of lifting or resetting and controlling oil nozzle of needle-valve.
Working principle of the present invention: the fuel oil in the fuel oil control chamber flows out through oil outlet, and control chamber pressure descends, and needle-valve lifts, the oil sprayer oil spout.When the piezoelectric actuator dead electricity, ball valve resets under the ball valve spring action, and control chamber pressure raises, and needle-valve is taken a seat, and oil sprayer finishes oil spout.
A kind of oil sprayer that is applied to diesel engine involved in the present invention has the following advantages:
1, adopts the oil sprayer that is applied to diesel engine of the present invention; Can make ball valve through oil outlet directly and control valve couple together; Oil circuit path through ball valve, control chamber, needle-valve is reduced, thereby realize that the oil spout action is rapider, the sensitivity that has improved oil sprayer;
2, adopt the oil sprayer that is applied to diesel engine of the present invention, adopt the motion that drives needle-valve through direct displacement control ball valve, can reduce that the displacement structure for amplifying being set, therefore piezoelectric fuel injector of the present invention is simple in structure, with low cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of piezoelectric fuel injector of the present invention;
Among the figure, 1-injector body, 2-needle-valve, 3-oil nozzle, 4-oil connection, 5-lamination type piezoelectric actuator, 6-work pull bar, 7-ball valve, 8-fuel oil control chamber, 9-control piston, 10-ball valve depression bar, 11-ball seat, 12-piezoelectric actuator housing, 13-fixing pin, 14-spring sheet, 15-adjusting nut, 16-ball valve spring, 17-back leakage connection, 18-needle valve spring, 19-needle valve spring tray, 20-needle-valve limiting board, 21-needle-valve body shell, 22-needle-valve body.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of piezoelectric fuel injector that is applied to diesel engine of the present invention, it comprises injector body 1; The front end of injector body 1 is equipped with needle-valve 2; The front end of needle-valve 2 is provided with oil nozzle 3, and the sidepiece of injector body 1 is provided with oil connection 4 and back leakage connection 17, and injector body 1 rear end is provided with lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5; Be provided with work pull bar 6 in the lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5; The lower end of work pull bar 6 connects with ball valve 7 through ball valve depression bar 10, is set with ball valve spring 16 on the ball valve depression bar 10, and the position of said injector body 1 inside between ball valve 7 and needle-valve 2 is provided with fuel oil control chamber 8; Fuel oil control chamber 8 is provided with the oil inlet hole A that is connected with oil connection 4, the oil outlet B that is connected with back leakage connection 17; Be provided with control piston 9 in the fuel oil control chamber 8, the controlling rod of control piston 9 connects with needle-valve 2, the opening and closing of lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 control ball valves 7; Make fuel oil control chamber 8 cavity pressures descend or rising, thereby to control the oil spout action of lifting or resetting and controlling oil nozzle 3 of needle-valve 2.
Concrete; The afterbody of said lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 is through fixing pin 13, adjusting nut 15 and spring sheet 14 fixed installations; Lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 is a hollow structure, and said work pull bar 6 is installed with this hollow structure coupling, and piezoelectric actuator is fixed on lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 in the piezoelectric actuator housing 12 through compressing adjusting nut; Lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 can only upwards extend, and work pull bar 6 links together through closely-pitched deep thread and ball valve depression bar 10.
The work of piezoelectric fuel injector of the present invention is the opening and closing by lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 control ball valves 7; And then the control of the open and close of realization needle-valve 2; Through fuel oil control chamber 8 ball valve 7 and needle-valve 2 are coupled together, utilize the fluid power performance completion of fuel oil in the control chamber to realize than the high-speed response control function under the high fuel pressure with less power.
When lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 electric elongation, work pull bar 6 overcomes ball valve spring 16 and upwards lifts ball valve 7, opens fuel oil control chamber 8, the fuel oil of fuel oil control chamber 8 flows out through oil outlet B, fuel oil control chamber 8 pressure descend, needle-valve 2 lifts, oil nozzle 3 oil spouts.When lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 dead electricity, ball valve 7 resets under 16 effects of ball valve spring, and fuel oil control chamber 8 pressure raise, and needle-valve 2 is taken a seat, and oil nozzle 3 finishes oil spout.The present invention's easy realization simple in structure, and can at utmost utilize the electric-controlled fuel injector structure of former solenoid-driven.
When lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 deads, because the effect of ball valve spring 16, ball valve 7 is closed fuel-displaced throttle orifice B; At this moment, the cavity pressure of the fuel oil control chamber 8 in the oil injector body, needle-valve body 22 equals common rail pressure.Because the active area on the fuel oil control chamber inner control piston is greater than the active area below needle-valve body 22 inner needle valves, like this, the pressure that acts on above the control piston closes oil nozzle with the elastic force of needle valve spring 18, and oil sprayer is in not oil spout state.
When drive circuit was given lamination type piezoelectric actuator energizing voltage, under the effect of inverse piezoelectric effect, lamination type piezoelectric actuator 5 upwards expanded and extends; Work pull bar 6 overcomes ball valve spring 16 elastic force; Lift ball valve depression bar 10, ball valve 7 leaves ball seat 11 under the fluid power effect, and oil outlet B opens draining; Fuel oil control chamber 8 pressure descend, and the numerical value of its decline depends on the flow-rate ratio of oil inlet hole A, oil outlet B.At this moment act on needle-valve 2 following hydraulic couplings and make needle-valve 2 jack-up, oil nozzle 3 is opened, commencement of fuel injection.
After the outage of lamination type piezoelectric actuator, ball valve 7 is closed oil outlet B under the effect of ball valve spring force, and fuel oil control chamber 8 oil pressure return to common rail cavity pressure, and control piston 9 is descending, and needle-valve 2 is closed, and stops oil spout.
The diameter of the volume of fuel oil control chamber 8, oil inlet hole A and oil outlet B diameter have considerable influence to the injection rate of piezoelectric fuel injector; Coupling between the three is very crucial; For satisfying the injection rate anxious basic demand in slow earlier back; Fuel oil control chamber 8 volumes and oil inlet hole A diameter should be big slightly, and oil outlet B diameter should suitably reduce.
The fuel-displaced effective actual internal area of semi-cone angle major decision control chamber of ball valve 7 diameters and ball seat 11; Less owing to the piezoelectric actuator displacement amount in reality; Can suitably strengthen ball valve 7 diameters; And make ball seat 11 semi-cone angle between 50 °～65 ° to increase effective actual internal area, should strengthen simultaneously ball valve spring 16 rigidity to offset because the ball valve diameter increases the hydraulic coupling increase that the ball valve that causes receives.
Claims (1)
1. piezoelectric fuel injector that is applied to diesel engine, it is characterized in that: it comprises injector body, the front end of injector body is equipped with needle-valve; The front end of needle-valve is provided with oil nozzle, and the sidepiece of injector body is provided with oil connection and back leakage connection, and the injector body rear end is provided with the lamination type piezoelectric actuator; Be provided with the work pull bar in the lamination type piezoelectric actuator; The lower end of work pull bar connects with ball valve through the ball valve depression bar, is set with the ball valve spring on the ball valve depression bar, and the position of said injector body inside between ball valve and needle-valve is provided with the fuel oil control chamber; The fuel oil control chamber is provided with the oil inlet hole that is connected with oil connection, the oil outlet that is connected with back leakage connection; Be provided with control piston in the fuel oil control chamber, the controlling rod of control piston connects with needle-valve, the opening and closing of lamination type piezoelectric actuator control ball valve; Make fuel oil control chamber cavity pressure descend or rising, thereby to control the oil spout action of lifting or resetting and controlling oil nozzle of needle-valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101311278A CN102678414A (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2012-05-02 | Piezoelectric injector for diesel engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101311278A CN102678414A (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2012-05-02 | Piezoelectric injector for diesel engine |
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| CN102678414A true CN102678414A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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| CN2012101311278A Pending CN102678414A (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2012-05-02 | Piezoelectric injector for diesel engine |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103334858A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-02 | 山东鑫亚工业股份有限公司 | Embedded oil inlet-return injector assembly of diesel engine cylinder cover |
| CN114165373A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Fuel injector and common rail system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6085990A (en) * | 1997-01-22 | 2000-07-11 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Piezoelectric injector for fuel-injection systems of internal combustion engines |
| CN1818370A (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2006-08-16 | 侯德洋 | Composite microdisplacement oil jetter of IC engine with piezoelectric control |
| JP2006233853A (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-09-07 | Denso Corp | Injector |
| CN101050745A (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-10 | 柳州华威电控燃油喷射系统技术有限公司 | Piezoelectric ceramic electric control diesel oil injector |
| CN101397963A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-04-01 | 清华大学 | High voltage common rail electronic control injector |
-
2012
- 2012-05-02 CN CN2012101311278A patent/CN102678414A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6085990A (en) * | 1997-01-22 | 2000-07-11 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Piezoelectric injector for fuel-injection systems of internal combustion engines |
| JP2006233853A (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-09-07 | Denso Corp | Injector |
| CN1818370A (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2006-08-16 | 侯德洋 | Composite microdisplacement oil jetter of IC engine with piezoelectric control |
| CN101050745A (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-10 | 柳州华威电控燃油喷射系统技术有限公司 | Piezoelectric ceramic electric control diesel oil injector |
| CN101397963A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-04-01 | 清华大学 | High voltage common rail electronic control injector |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103334858A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-02 | 山东鑫亚工业股份有限公司 | Embedded oil inlet-return injector assembly of diesel engine cylinder cover |
| CN114165373A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Fuel injector and common rail system |
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| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Liu Zhenming Inventor after: Ouyang Guangyao Inventor after: An Shijie Inventor before: Ouyang Guangyao Inventor before: Liu Zhenming Inventor before: An Shijie |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |
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