CN102678384B - Stirling engine - Google Patents

Stirling engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102678384B
CN102678384B CN201210184287.9A CN201210184287A CN102678384B CN 102678384 B CN102678384 B CN 102678384B CN 201210184287 A CN201210184287 A CN 201210184287A CN 102678384 B CN102678384 B CN 102678384B
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piston
cylinder
acting
air distribution
air
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CN102678384A (en
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夏致俊
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Huahe Huihui Qingdao Technology Co ltd
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ZHENJIANG BOLIN PHOTOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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Priority to PCT/CN2012/078007 priority patent/WO2013181873A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053Component parts or details
    • F02G1/0535Seals or sealing arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a Stirling engine with good sealing performance and high thermal efficiency. The device comprises a gas distribution cylinder, a gas distribution piston, a heating device, a cooling device, a working cylinder and a working piston; the working piston is matched and sealed with the working cylinder through a piston ring and can slide in a reciprocating manner; the air distribution cylinder is connected with the acting cylinder through an air flow channel, and the air distribution piston and the acting piston synchronously reciprocate; the airflow channel is provided with two branches, and the two airflow channels are respectively led to the left inner cavity and the right inner cavity of the acting cylinder; the right inner cavity is connected with the air flow channel through an exhaust valve, and the right side of the acting piston is provided with a touch part opposite to the exhaust valve. Its advantages are: the energy loss is reduced, and the efficiency of the engine is improved; the sealing difficulty of the action part is reduced, the sealing performance is improved, and the loss of heat energy is reduced; the leakage-proof function is generated, and the sealing effect is further improved; the leakage loss of the whole working gas medium is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Stirling engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of good airproof performance, Stirling engine that the thermal efficiency is high.
Background technique
Traditional Stirling engine, general is all, by being arranged on heating equipment and the cooling unit of air distribution cylinder outside, heating and cooling are carried out in air distribution cylinder both sides, by heated air, expand and coordinate again the gas distribution piston in air distribution cylinder to move with the contraction of cooled gas, thereby drive the acting piston in acting cylinder to do work, in the Stirling engine structure of prior art, for avoiding heating and cooling device to affect the action of air distribution cylinder, normally heating equipment and cooling unit are arranged on to the both sides external of air distribution cylinder, arrange and make its thermal efficiency not high thus.The sealing requirements of Stirling engine itself is higher simultaneously, and Stirling engine is the weakest link of whole sealing system by acting piston with the dynamic seal (packing) sliding contact of acting cylinder in prior art, character due to its dynamic seal (packing), make its sealing be difficult to effective raising, this is also that restriction Stirling starts efficiency effectively to improve one of main bugbear.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of good airproof performance, Stirling engine that the thermal efficiency is high.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, Stirling engine of the present invention, comprises heating equipment and cooling unit, acting cylinder and acting piston that air distribution cylinder, gas distribution piston, the axial both sides of air distribution cylinder arrange; Gas distribution piston can move by axial reciprocating in air distribution cylinder, and between gas distribution piston edge and air distribution cylinder inwall, has the gap of supplied gas circulation; Acting piston is by piston ring and acting cylinder fitted seal reciprocally slip; Air distribution cylinder is connected with acting cylinder by air-flow path, and gas distribution piston moves back and forth with acting piston synchronous; Air-flow path has two-way branch, and tow channel gas circulation road leads to respectively left side inner chamber and the right side inner chamber of acting cylinder; Left side inner chamber and right side inner chamber all seal; Right side inner chamber is connected with air-flow path by an outlet valve, acting piston right side is provided with the shake-up part relative with outlet valve, when acting piston touches part while moving to right side limit position, can open outlet valve, and when the piston that does work leaves right side limit position exhaust valve closure.
Between described gas distribution piston and air distribution cylinder inwall, ball is set.
Described heating equipment and cooling unit are all positioned at air distribution cylinder, and the global shape of heating equipment and cooling unit is bar-shaped that relative air distribution cylinder axially arranges, on the end face of the both sides of gas distribution piston, have heating equipment slot and the cooling unit slot matching with bar-shaped heating equipment and cooling unit simultaneously.
Described acting piston drives an output shaft to rotate by first connecting rod and the first crank, and described output shaft drives gas distribution piston synchronous reciprocating to move by the second crank and second connecting rod.
Described the second crank and second connecting rod are positioned at the distribution Seal cage of a sealing, and distribution Seal cage communicates with air distribution cylinder.
Described air distribution cylinder and acting cylinder periphery are coated with adiabator layer.
Described the first crank and first connecting rod are arranged in the acting Seal cage of a sealing, and acting Seal cage communicates with left side inner chamber or the right side inner chamber of acting cylinder.
On described air-flow path, be provided with and can will gasify and be mixed in the deaerator that the lubricating oil separation of the action component in air-flow reclaims.
Between described distribution Seal cage and acting Seal cage and output shaft, seal respectively by mechanical rotating seal, mechanical rotating seal is by a lubrication oil circulation cooling system lubrication and cooling; Described lubrication oil circulation cooling system comprises an oil supplying device, is provided with fuel-displaced pipeline and return line on oil supplying device, and fuel-displaced pipeline leads to return line behind the gap between output shaft and mechanical rotating seal; On described return line, be provided with pipe and press modulating valve, be used for making the lubricant oil refluxing to produce certain back pressure.
Advantage applies of the present invention exists:
1, because heating equipment and cooling unit are all arranged on air distribution cylinder inside, make it directly the gas of air distribution cylinder both sides be heated or be freezed, reduced the loss of energy, improved engine efficiency;
2, due to crank-connecting rod and piston are arranged on and are fixed in Seal cage, reduce the sealing difficulty of action component, improved sealing, also reduced the loss of heat energy;
3, two groups of mechanical sealing elements are by lubrication oil circulation cooling system lubrication, pipe is set simultaneously in the return line of lubrication oil circulation cooling system and presses modulating valve, not only mechanical sealing element has been carried out to cooling down, also increased the pressure in mechanical sealing surface outside simultaneously, by the oil pressure in outside, offset inner side to the pressure of external leakage, the effect that produces anti-leak, has further improved sealing effect;
4, the both sides inner chamber due to work done cylinder is sealing, the leakage producing because work doing pistons is poorly sealed in its left side inner chamber gas work done process can be got back to air distribution cylinder by the outlet valve of right side inner chamber, reduced the leakage loss of whole work done gas medium, be also conducive to raise the efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cylinder part structural representation of Stirling engine of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the main shaft part-structure schematic diagram of Stirling engine of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, Stirling engine of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, Stirling engine of the present invention, comprises heating equipment 10 and cooling unit 11, acting cylinder 5 and acting piston 7 that air distribution cylinder 1, gas distribution piston 3, the axial both sides of air distribution cylinder 1 arrange; Gas distribution piston 3 can move at the interior axial reciprocating of air distribution cylinder 1, and between gas distribution piston 3 edges and air distribution cylinder 1 inwall, has the gap of supplied gas circulation; Acting piston 7 also reciprocally slides by piston ring 8 and acting cylinder 5 fitted seal; Air distribution cylinder 1 is connected with acting cylinder 5 by air-flow path 9, and gas distribution piston 3 moves with acting piston 7 synchronous reciprocatings, wherein:
One end of gas distribution piston 3 is connected with the second connecting rod 20 that is arranged on air distribution cylinder 1 one sides, second connecting rod 20 with
Figure 2012101842879100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
the second crank 19 of shape connects, one side of air distribution cylinder 1 is provided with an air distribution cylinder Seal cage 16 matching with air distribution cylinder 1, the second crank 19 and second connecting rod 20 are positioned at the distribution Seal cage 16 of the sealing of setting, and distribution Seal cage 16 communicates with air distribution cylinder 1, during installation, one end of the output shaft of the second crank 19 23 is arranged on the casing of air distribution cylinder Seal cage 16 by stuffing box bearing, the other end stretches out outside the casing of air distribution cylinder Seal cage 16, seals stretching out output shaft 23 outside the casing of air distribution cylinder Seal cage 16 fixed base by mechanical rotary seal 28 and air distribution cylinder Seal cage 16 simultaneously, the gas distribution piston 3 being arranged in air distribution cylinder 1 will be separated into two cavitys in air distribution cylinder 1, left chamber is heating chamber, right chamber is cooling chamber, heating equipment 10 and 11 pairs of two cavitys of cooling unit that the axial both sides of air distribution cylinder 1 arrange carry out respectively heating and cooling, heating equipment 10 and cooling unit 11 are all positioned at air distribution cylinder 1, and the global shape of heating equipment 10 and cooling unit 11 is bar-shaped that relative air distribution cylinder axially arranges, settle direction to parallel with the direction that moves axially of gas distribution piston, it can be for being connected with helical heating pipe or the cooling tube of the heat medium of circulation, also can be the heating pipe with reciprocal medium channel or the cooling tube of other form, on the end face of the both sides of gas distribution piston 3, have heating equipment slot 12 and the cooling unit slot 13 matching with bar-shaped heating equipment 10 and cooling unit 11, can carry out heating and cooling by heating equipment 10 and the cooling unit 11 arranging thus simultaneously, between gas distribution piston 3 and air distribution cylinder 1 inwall, ball 4 is set, air distribution cylinder 1 can be comprised of two-part, and two-part air distribution cylinder 1 is bolted together, is provided with hot isolating seal circle 35 between two-part air distribution cylinder.
Acting cylinder 5 comprises an acting cylinder block, one end of acting cylinder block is provided with end cap, together with the end cap of acting cylinder is bolted with acting cylinder block, between the end cap of acting cylinder and acting cylinder block, be provided with elevated-temperature seal part 37, the right side that the end cap of cylinder of wherein doing work both can be arranged on acting cylinder block also can be arranged on the left side of acting cylinder block, in order to solve the problem of sealing, be preferably arranged on the right side of acting cylinder block; Acting piston 7 is by preventing the piston ring 8 and acting cylinder 5 fitted seal reciprocally slip of gas permeation; One end of acting piston 7 is connected with the first connecting rod 22 that is arranged on acting cylinder 5 one sides, first connecting rod 22 connections and
Figure 915814DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
the first crank 21 of shape connects, and the first crank 21 and first connecting rod 22 are arranged in the acting Seal cage 17 of sealing, and acting Seal cage 17 communicates with left side inner chamber or the right side inner chamber of acting cylinder 5; During installation, one end of the output shaft of the first crank 21 24 is arranged on the casing in acting cylinder seal chamber 17 by stuffing box bearing, the other end stretches out outside the casing in acting cylinder seal chamber 17, seals stretching out output shaft 24 outside the casing in acting cylinder seal chamber 17 fixed base by mechanical rotary seal 29 and acting cylinder seal chamber 17 simultaneously; Machinery rotary seal 29 is by rotating ring, stationary ring, and the seal arrangement that several mechanical parts such as spring and seal ring form, it utilizes the pressure of spring, and two end faces of rotating ring and stationary ring are fitted tightly mutually; Air distribution cylinder 1 and acting cylinder 5 peripheries are coated with adiabator layer 18.
As Fig. 1, as shown in Figure 2, air distribution cylinder 1 and acting cylinder 5 annexations are as follows:
The output shaft 24 of the first crank 21 and the output shaft 23 of the second crank 19 link together by coupling 32, also can be set to the same axis by two output shafts, on output shaft 23,24, be provided with belt flywheel 2, the phase angle of the first crank 21 and the second crank 19 is set to differ 90 degree simultaneously, acting piston 7 drives an output shaft to rotate by first connecting rod 22 and the first crank 21, and output shaft drives gas distribution piston 3 synchronous reciprocatings to move by the second crank 19 and second connecting rod 20, air-flow path 9 has two-way branch, and tow channel gas circulation road leads to respectively left side inner chamber and the right side inner chamber of acting cylinder, left side inner chamber and right side inner chamber all seal, right side inner chamber is connected with air-flow path 9 by an outlet valve 14, acting piston right side is provided with the shake-up part 15 relative with outlet valve 14, when acting piston 7 moves to right side limit position, touch part 15 and can open outlet valve 14, and outlet valve 14 is closed when acting piston 7 leaves right side limit position, on air-flow path 9, be provided with and can will gasify and be mixed in the deaerator 33 that the lubricating oil separation of the action component in air-flow reclaims, 36, deaerator 33, on 36, be connected with the return line 34 that leads to air distribution cylinder Seal cage 16 and acting cylinder seal chamber 17, wherein deaerator 33, 36 can share a return line 34, lubricating oil in mechanism can be mixed in working medium pressurized gas when high temperature, by the oil after deaerator separation, through return line, gets back in air distribution cylinder Seal cage 16 and acting cylinder seal chamber 17, be connected to acting cylinder 5 left chambeies air-flow path on be provided with aeration valve 6 and safety valve 38, when flow leakage, can carry out in time tonifying Qi, also guaranteed safety simultaneously, between distribution Seal cage 16 and acting Seal cage 17 and output shaft 24, respectively by mechanical rotating seal 28,29 sealings, mechanical rotating seal 28,29 is by a lubrication oil circulation cooling system lubrication and cooling, lubrication oil circulation cooling system comprises an oil supplying device 25, is provided with fuel-displaced pipeline 26 and return line 27 on oil supplying device 25, and fuel-displaced pipeline 26 leads to return line 27 behind the gap 30 between output shaft 24 and mechanical rotating seal 28,29, on return line 27, be provided with pipe and press modulating valve 31, be used for making the lubricant oil refluxing to produce certain back pressure.
Working principle:
When gas distribution piston 3 right laterals are when the right summit, pressurized gas in cooling chamber flows in heating chamber by the gap between gas distribution piston 3 and air distribution cylinder 1, the cooling gas distribution piston 3 of built-in cooling unit 11, and left end directly contacts with built-in heating equipment 10 and the cylinder body heating because most of pressurized gas has all flow through, expand rapidly, pressurized gas after expansion flows out through the gap of gas distribution piston 3 and air distribution cylinder 1 equally, by air-flow path 9, flow to acting cylinder 5, promote 7 actings of acting piston.
When gas distribution piston 3 left lateral are when the left summit, high temperature compressed gas in heating chamber flows in cooling chamber by the gap between gas distribution piston 3 and air distribution cylinder 1, built-in heating equipment 10 heating gas distribution pistons 3, and the most of high temperature compressed gas flow of left end come directly with built-in cooling unit 11 and cooling cylinder body on refrigerant circulation cooling, high temperature and high pressure gas cooling is shunk, equally by the air-flow path 9 interior contraction of gas of piston 7 that makes to do work, acting piston moves to left immediately, and going round and beginning again like this, realizing does work rotatablely moves.
Wherein, the shake-up part 15 that piston 7 one end arrange of doing work in course of action, when acting piston 7 does work to the right when approaching the right summit of cylinder, this shake-up part 15 is backed down the spool of outlet valve 14, by leaking the pressurized gas of coming from acting piston 7 upper piston rings, by leaking back to tracheae, sends gas distribution piston back to.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and the variation that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a Stirling engine, comprises air distribution cylinder (1), gas distribution piston (3), air distribution cylinder (1) heating equipment (10) that axially both sides arrange and cooling unit (11), acting cylinder (5) and acting piston (7); Gas distribution piston (3) can move by axial reciprocating in air distribution cylinder (1), and between gas distribution piston (3) edge and air distribution cylinder (1) inwall, has the gap of supplied gas circulation; Acting piston (7) also reciprocally slides by piston ring (8) and acting cylinder (5) fitted seal; Air distribution cylinder (1) is connected with acting cylinder (5) by air-flow path (9), and gas distribution piston (3) moves with acting piston (7) synchronous reciprocating; It is characterized in that: described air-flow path (9) has two-way branch, tow channel gas circulation road leads to respectively left side inner chamber and the right side inner chamber of acting cylinder; Left side inner chamber and right side inner chamber all seal; Right side inner chamber is connected with air-flow path (9) by an outlet valve (14), acting piston right side is provided with the shake-up part (15) relative with outlet valve (14), when acting piston (7) moves to right side limit position, touch part (15) and can open outlet valve (14), and outlet valve (14) is closed when acting piston (7) leaves right side limit position.
2. according to Stirling engine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described gas distribution piston (3) and air distribution cylinder (1) inwall, ball (4) is set.
3. according to Stirling engine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heating equipment (10) and cooling unit (11) are all positioned at air distribution cylinder (1), and the global shape of heating equipment (10) and cooling unit (11) is bar-shaped that relative air distribution cylinder axially arranges, on the both sides end face of gas distribution piston (3), have heating equipment slot (12) and the cooling unit slot (13) matching with bar-shaped heating equipment (10) and cooling unit (11) simultaneously.
4. according to Stirling engine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described acting piston (7) drives an output shaft rotation by first connecting rod (22) and the first crank (21), and described output shaft drives gas distribution piston (3) synchronous reciprocating to move by the second crank (19) and second connecting rod (20).
5. according to Stirling engine claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described the second crank (19) and second connecting rod (20) are positioned at the distribution Seal cage (16) of a sealing, distribution Seal cage (16) communicates with air distribution cylinder (1).
6. according to Stirling engine claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described the first crank (21) and first connecting rod (22) are arranged in the acting Seal cage (17) of a sealing, acting Seal cage (17) communicates with left side inner chamber or the right side inner chamber of acting cylinder (5).
7. according to Stirling engine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air distribution cylinder (1) and acting cylinder (5) periphery are coated with adiabator layer (18).
8. according to Stirling engine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: on described air-flow path (9), be provided with deaerator (33,36).
9. according to the Stirling engine described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: between described distribution Seal cage (16) and acting Seal cage (17) and output shaft, respectively by mechanical rotating seal (28,29) sealing, mechanical rotating seal (28,29) is by a lubrication oil circulation cooling system lubrication and cooling; Described lubrication oil circulation cooling system comprises an oil supplying device (25), on oil supplying device (25), be provided with fuel-displaced pipeline (26) and return line (27), fuel-displaced pipeline (26) leads to return line (27) behind the gap between output shaft and mechanical rotating seal (28,29); On described return line (27), be provided with pipe and press modulating valve (31).
CN201210184287.9A 2012-06-06 2012-06-06 Stirling engine Active CN102678384B (en)

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CN201210184287.9A CN102678384B (en) 2012-06-06 2012-06-06 Stirling engine
PCT/CN2012/078007 WO2013181873A1 (en) 2012-06-06 2012-07-01 Stirling engine

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CN104675555A (en) * 2013-11-27 2015-06-03 科林洁能能源公司 Piston module for Sterling engine
CN105508076B (en) * 2016-01-19 2017-03-29 江苏源之翼电气有限公司 Built-in regenerator moves the thermomotor of gas piston
CN107762660B (en) * 2017-11-27 2024-05-14 品孚罗特过滤设备(北京)有限公司 Heat returning structure and Stirling engine comprising same

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US5632149A (en) * 1994-11-28 1997-05-27 Sanyo Electric Company, Ltd. Heat exchanger for a gas compression/expansion apparatus and a method of manufacturing thereof
JP3258872B2 (en) * 1995-10-11 2002-02-18 三洋電機株式会社 Stirling equipment
US5743091A (en) * 1996-05-01 1998-04-28 Stirling Technology Company Heater head and regenerator assemblies for thermal regenerative machines
TW426798B (en) * 1998-02-06 2001-03-21 Sanyo Electric Co Stirling apparatus
CN101619687B (en) * 2009-08-11 2011-01-05 深圳市中科力函热声技术工程研究中心有限公司 Piston-free Stirling engine system

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