CN102678204A - Single reheating thermal system - Google Patents
Single reheating thermal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102678204A CN102678204A CN2011100668423A CN201110066842A CN102678204A CN 102678204 A CN102678204 A CN 102678204A CN 2011100668423 A CN2011100668423 A CN 2011100668423A CN 201110066842 A CN201110066842 A CN 201110066842A CN 102678204 A CN102678204 A CN 102678204A
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Abstract
The invention provides a single reheating thermal system which comprises a high pressure cylinder, an intermediate pressure cylinder, a low pressure cylinder, a reheater, a small back pressure steam extraction machine and at least one heat regeneration device, wherein the high pressure cylinder, the intermediate pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder are sequentially connected, the reheater is arranged between the high pressure cylinder and the intermediate pressure cylinder, the small back pressure steam extraction machine is used for obtaining steam which is not reheated by the reheater from the high pressure cylinder, the steam is used for driving the small back pressure steam extraction machine, and the at least one heat regeneration device is used for extracting the steam from the small back pressure steam extraction machine. Compared with single reheating thermal systems in prior art, the single reheating thermal system is capable of improving thermal cycling efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is applicable to the single reheat Turbo-generator Set, relates in particular to a kind of draw gas thermodynamic system of single reheat of little machine of back pressure type that disposes.
Background technique
The re-heating subsystem in the thermal power plant of the employing single reheat technology of existing technology is roughly: the steam of having done the part merit in the main steam turbine is drawn once more heat, draw the back-steam turbine then and continue acting, to improve thermodynamic system efficiency.
Adopt the firepower electrical plant of single reheat technology to dispose heat regenerative system usually; The heat that draws gas with main steam turbine comes heat-setting water and feedwater through heater; The heat that draws gas all is recovered in the working-medium water, reduces the latent heat of vaporization discharging that circulating water is taken away, to improve thermodynamic system efficiency.
The best degree of superheat of drawing gas is low, with superheat section energy acting, and latent heat of vaporization portion of energy is used for backheat.But to the thermal power plant of re-heating subsystem is arranged, drawing gas after the heat receives reheating effect again, and temperature improves, and the degree of superheat increases thereupon, makes the energy that can be used to do work be used for heat-setting water and feedwater, influenced the efficient of thermodynamic cycle.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the single reheat thermodynamic system of two kinds of existing technologies respectively.
In the thermodynamic system that single reheat main frame shown in Figure 1 draws gas, this thermodynamic system mainly comprises: high-pressure cylinder 101, intermediate pressure cylinder 102, low pressure (LP) cylinder 103, reheater 104, condensed steam type draw gas little machine 105, backheat equipment 106 or the like.Wherein, the steam discharge of the high-pressure cylinder 101 of steam turbine is caused reheater 104, carries out heat temperature raising; Get into the intermediate pressure cylinder 102 of steam turbine then; In the middle of the intermediate pressure cylinder 102 of steam turbine, be provided with an extraction opening, draw steam from this extraction opening, heat-setting water and feedwater; Reclaim the latent heat of vaporization, improve efficiency of thermal cycle.But the temperature of drawing gas after the heat again is higher, and the degree of superheat is big, and the energy of superheat section also is used to add hot water with the latent heat of vaporization, influences efficiency of thermal cycle.
In the single reheat main frame of Fig. 2 drew gas thermodynamic system, the middle pressure 202 of steam turbine was provided with 2 or 2 above extraction openings.The same bigger problem of the degree of superheat of drawing gas that exists of this thermodynamic system.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned deficiency to the single reheat thermodynamic system of existing technology; The present invention mainly utilizes the steam before the heat again; Drive the back pressure type little machine that draws gas; From this back pressure type draws gas little machine, draw gas, utilize the lower little machine of the degree of superheat to draw gas and steam discharge, come heat-setting water and feedwater through backheat equipment such as heater.Compare with the single reheat thermodynamic system of existing technology, the present invention can improve efficiency of thermal cycle.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of thermodynamic system of single reheat is provided, has comprised: high-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder, said high-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder are connected successively; Reheater is arranged between said high-pressure cylinder and the said intermediate pressure cylinder; The back pressure type little machine that draws gas, from said high-pressure cylinder obtain without said reheater again the steam of heat to drive the said back pressure type little machine that draws gas; And at least one backheat equipment, draw gas from the said back pressure type little machine that draws gas.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, the said back pressure type little machine that draws gas further connects and drives a driven device.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; In above-mentioned thermodynamic system; Also comprise: the steam flow balance tube is communicated with said back pressure type and draws gas output pipeline and the transmission pipeline between said intermediate pressure cylinder and the said low pressure (LP) cylinder of little machine to stablize the draw gas exhaust steam pressure of little machine of said back pressure type.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, when the required steam flow of said backheat equipment draws gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine greater than said back pressure type, replenish steam to said backheat equipment from said intermediate pressure cylinder.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, when the required steam flow of said backheat equipment draws gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine less than said back pressure type, draw gas little machine to the overflow of said intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge from said back pressure type.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, also comprise: vapour condenser obtains steam and obtains the draw gas steam discharge of little machine of said back pressure type from said low pressure (LP) cylinder.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; In above-mentioned thermodynamic system; Also comprise: little machine starts exhaust steam pipe; Connect said back pressure type draw gas little machine and said vapour condenser, drawing gas little machine with said back pressure type the said thermodynamic system start up period can't be to said vapour condenser steam discharge when the said intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, said backheat equipment is heater or oxygen-eliminating device.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, also comprise: the condensed steam type little machine that draws gas, obtain steam driving the said condensed steam type little machine that draws gas from said intermediate pressure cylinder, and to the vapour condenser steam discharge.
Should be appreciated that the above generality of the present invention is described and following detailed description all is exemplary and illustrative, and be intended to further explanation is provided for as claimed in claim the present invention.
Description of drawings
Comprise that accompanying drawing is for providing the present invention further to be understood, they are included and are constituted the application's a part, and accompanying drawing shows embodiments of the invention, and play the effect of explaining the principle of the invention with this specification.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the thermodynamic system of a kind of single reheat of existing technology, and this thermodynamic system has adopted the condensed steam type little machine that draws gas, and backheat equipment adopts the high degree of superheat steam in heat back again.
Fig. 2 shows the thermodynamic system of the another kind of single reheat of existing technology.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic structure of single reheat thermodynamic system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein adopts the back pressure type little machine that draws gas.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic structure of single reheat thermodynamic system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic structure of single reheat thermodynamic system according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 shows the schematic structure according to an embodiment's more of the present invention single reheat thermodynamic system.
Embodiment
Now with embodiments of the present invention will be described by referring to the drawings in detail.Now will be in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, its example is shown in the drawings.In the case of any possible, in institute's drawings attached, will use identical mark to represent same or analogous part.In addition; Although employed term is from public term, to select among the present invention; But some mentioned terms possibly be that the claimant selects by his or her judgement in the specification of the present invention, and its detailed meanings is explained in the relevant portion of the description of this paper.In addition, require not only through employed actual terms, but also will understand the present invention through the meaning that each term contained.
The brief description of term
Little machine: small turbine is the auxiliary turbine in the main steam turbine thermodynamic system.
Heat again: the steam of having done the part merit in the steam turbine drawn once more heat, draw the back-steam turbine then and continue acting.This mode is called heat again.Hot again through reasonably, can reduce exhaust steam moisture, improve efficiency of thermal cycle.
Condensed steam type: steam discharge is called condensed steam type to the steam turbine of subatmospheric vacuum vapour condenser.
Back pressure type: steam discharge is called back pressure type to the steam turbine that is higher than atmospheric piping or heat exchanger.
Draw gas: the intergrade before turbine discharge is extracted steam out.
The present inventor finds: the best degree of superheat of drawing gas is lower, with the acting of superheat section energy, and latent heat of vaporization portion of energy is used for backheat.But, to the thermal power plant that re-heating subsystem is arranged of existing technology, again after the heat draw gas receive reheating effect, temperature improves, the degree of superheat increases thereupon, makes the energy that can be used to do work be used for heat-setting water and feedwater, has influenced the efficient of thermodynamic cycle.Therefore, the present invention is directed to the existing above-mentioned situation of single reheat thermodynamic system, utilize the preceding steam of heat again; Drive the back pressure little machine that draws gas; From little machine, draw gas, utilize the lower little machine of the degree of superheat to draw gas and steam discharge, come heat-setting water and feedwater through heater; Compare with existing thermodynamic system, can improve efficiency of thermal cycle.
First embodiment
Fig. 3 shows the schematic structure of the single reheat thermodynamic system of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, single reheat thermodynamic system of the present invention mainly comprises: high-pressure cylinder 301, intermediate pressure cylinder 302, low pressure (LP) cylinder 303, reheater 304, back pressure type draw gas little machine 305, backheat equipment 306.
Among the figure, high-pressure cylinder 301, intermediate pressure cylinder 302 and low pressure (LP) cylinder 303 are connected successively.Main steam through high-pressure cylinder 301 acting after, through be arranged between high-pressure cylinder 301 and the intermediate pressure cylinder 302 reheater 304 again the steam after the heat be delivered to intermediate pressure cylinder 302 and low pressure (LP) cylinder 303 successively.
According to the present invention, the back pressure type little machine 305 that draws gas is configured to obtain without reheater 304 steam of heat again from high-pressure cylinder 301, and this steam is used to drive the back pressure type little machine 305 that draws gas.In the running of this thermodynamic system; Steam; For example cold reheat steam, turbine high-pressure level is drawn gas, vapour source such as heating steam in the middle of the boiler, gets into this back pressure little machine 305 that draws gas through the draw gas admission piping of little machine 305 of back pressure type, and steam drives the back pressure type little machine 305 that draws gas and rotates.As shown in the figure, this back pressure type little machine 305 that draws gas can drive a driven device 309, for example equipment such as feed water pump, blower fan, generator, compressor.Then, from this back pressure type draws gas little machine 305, extract steam through extraction steam pipeline again and give two backheat equipment 306 shown in Fig. 3.In addition, the draw gas steam discharge of little machine 305 of back pressure type gets into backheat equipment 306 through exhaust steam pipeline, and the heat of steam discharge and working-medium water are recovered in the circulation system through backheat equipment 306.For example, backheat equipment 306 of the present invention can be heater or oxygen-eliminating device.In addition, the back pressure type of the present invention little machine 305 that draws gas also can be guided to other regenerator, Auxiliary Steam or heat supply network with its steam discharge.
According to a further aspect in the invention, above-mentioned thermodynamic system can also comprise a steam flow balance tube 307.This steam flow balance tube 307 is communicated with back pressure types the draw gas output pipeline of little machine 305 and the transmission pipeline between intermediate pressure cylinder 302 and the low pressure (LP) cylinder 303, in order to stablize back pressure type the draw gas exhaust steam flow of little machine 305 of exhaust steam pressure and balance backheat equipment 306 required steam flows and the back pressure type of little machine 305 that draws gas.For example, when the required steam flow of backheat equipment 306 draws gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine 305 greater than back pressure type, replenish steam to backheat equipment 306 from intermediate pressure cylinder 302; And when the required steam flow of backheat equipment 306 draws gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine 305 less than back pressure type, draw gas little machine 305 to intermediate pressure cylinder 302 steam discharge overflows from back pressure type.
In addition, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, thermodynamic system also comprises a vapour condenser 310.As shown in the figure, this vapour condenser 310 can obtain steam from low pressure (LP) cylinder 303, also can obtain the draw gas steam discharge of little machine 305 of back pressure type.
Particularly, this vapour condenser 310 draws gas with back pressure type and is connected via a little machine startup exhaust steam pipe 308 between the little machine 305.This little machine startup exhaust steam pipe 308 can draw gas little machine 305 at the start up period back pressure type of thermodynamic system can't be to vapour condenser 310 steam discharges when intermediate pressure cylinder 302 steam discharges.In addition, according to other embodiments of the invention, this little machine starts exhaust steam pipe 308 also can cause development unit or direct row to atmosphere.
In addition, the technological scheme of Fig. 3 of the present invention and Fig. 5 is corresponding with the routine techniques scheme of Fig. 1.Wherein the back pressure type little machine that draws gas is provided with 1 grade of extraction opening, supporting 1 road extraction steam pipeline, corresponding 1 grade of backheat equipment.Backheat equipment can be single-row 1 100% capacity heater among the figure, and this heater also can adopt 2 50% capacity patterns of biserial certainly.
Second embodiment
Fig. 4 shows another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Particularly, the part that embodiment shown in Figure 4 is identical with Fig. 3 can directly be continued to use the description among above first embodiment, repeats no more here.In addition, only if special explanation is arranged in specification, the drawing reference numeral among Fig. 4 continue to use with Fig. 3 in identical order.For example, the label among the label among Fig. 4 401 and Fig. 3 301 indicates identical device or equipment.
Compare with Fig. 3, embodiment shown in Figure 4 is provided with three backheat equipment 406.In fact, according to the needs of practical application, the present invention can also be provided with the backheat equipment of greater number and not deviate from principle of the present invention.
In addition, the technological scheme of Fig. 4 of the present invention and Fig. 6 is corresponding with the technological scheme for example shown in Figure 2 of routine techniques, and wherein the back pressure little machine that draws gas is provided with 2 grades of extraction openings, supporting 2 road extraction steam pipelines, corresponding 2 grades of backheat equipment.Backheat equipment can be single-row 100% capacity heater among the figure, and this heater also can adopt biserial 50% capacity pattern.
The 3rd embodiment
Fig. 5 shows another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Particularly, the part that embodiment shown in Figure 5 is identical with Fig. 3 can directly be continued to use the description among above first embodiment, repeats no more here.In addition, only if special explanation is arranged in specification, the drawing reference numeral among Fig. 5 continue to use with Fig. 3 in identical order.For example, the label among the label among Fig. 5 501 and Fig. 3 301 indicates identical device or equipment.
Compare with Fig. 3, embodiment shown in Figure 5 further is provided with a condensed steam type little machine 511 that draws gas.As shown in the figure, this condensed steam type little machine 511 that draws gas is arranged between intermediate pressure cylinder 502 and the vapour condenser 510, obtains steam to drive this condensed steam type little machine 511 that draws gas from intermediate pressure cylinder 502, draws gas little machine 511 to vapour condenser 510 steam discharges from this condensed steam type then.
In fact, in this technological scheme, kept conventional condensed steam type and drawn gas little machine 511, and driven equipment such as other pump, blower fan, generator, compressor with draw gas little machine of back pressure with the drive water pump group.
The 4th embodiment
Fig. 6 shows another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Particularly, the part that embodiment shown in Figure 6 is identical with Fig. 3 can directly be continued to use the description among above first embodiment, repeats no more here.In addition, only if special explanation is arranged in specification, the drawing reference numeral among Fig. 6 continue to use with Fig. 3 in identical order.For example, the label among the label among Fig. 6 601 and Fig. 3 301 indicates identical device or equipment.
Compare with Fig. 3, embodiment shown in Figure 6 further is provided with a condensed steam type draw gas little machine 611 and three backheat equipment 606.In fact, embodiment shown in Figure 6 has combined above Fig. 4 and the second and the 3rd embodiment shown in Figure 5 difference with respect to first embodiment shown in Figure 3.
To sum up; The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of existing technology, main utilize again steam before the heat to drive the back pressure little machine that draws gas, from little machine, draw gas; Utilize the lower little machine of the degree of superheat to draw gas and steam discharge; Come heat-setting water and feedwater through heater, compare, can improve efficiency of thermal cycle with existing single reheat thermodynamic system.Simultaneously, the present invention has significantly reduced the steam flow that gets into reheater, can reduce the heat exchange area of reheater, reduces the flow area in reheating pipe road, thereby significantly reduces the cost of re-heating subsystem.
For example; To 1 1000MW, 600 ℃ single reheat ultra supercritical generator set, adopt the back pressure of the present invention little machine thermodynamic system of drawing gas, compare with the conventional main steam turbine thermodynamic system of drawing gas; The thermodynamic system investment reduces about 5,000 ten thousand; Simultaneously efficiency of thermal cycle can improve approximately 0.2%, is equivalent to can economize on coal every year about 2000 tons, has good returns of investment.
In addition, can also be furnished with little machine exhaust steam flow balance piping in the technological scheme of the present invention.This can stablize little machine exhaust steam pressure, required steam flow of balance backheat equipment and little machine exhaust steam flow.When the required steam flow of backheat equipment during, replenish steam to backheat equipment from main steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge greater than little machine exhaust steam flow; When the required steam flow of backheat equipment during less than little machine exhaust steam flow, from little machine steam discharge to the overflow of main steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge.Can improve flexible operation and reliability.
In addition, can also be furnished with little machine in the technological scheme of the present invention and start exhaust steam pipeline, can not when main steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder exhaust steam pipeline discharges, can drain into vapour condenser, development unit or atmosphere when little machine steam discharge in the unit starting stage.Can satisfy the unit starting requirement.
In the technological scheme of the present invention, the back pressure little machine that draws gas can be used for driving the feed water pump group in the conventional scheme, also can keep the little machine drive water pump of conventional condensed steam type group, drives equipment such as other pump, blower fan, generator, compressor with the back pressure little machine that draws gas.Can satisfy the different configuration requirements of different power plant.
Those skilled in the art can be obvious, can carry out various modifications and modification and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention to above-mentioned exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, be intended to that the present invention is covered and drop in appended claims and the come scope thereof to modification of the present invention and modification.
Claims (9)
1. the thermodynamic system of a single reheat comprises:
High-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder, said high-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder are connected successively;
Reheater is arranged between said high-pressure cylinder and the said intermediate pressure cylinder;
The back pressure type little machine that draws gas, from said high-pressure cylinder obtain without said reheater again the steam of heat to drive the said back pressure type little machine that draws gas; And
At least one backheat equipment draws gas from the said back pressure type little machine that draws gas.
2. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the said back pressure type little machine that draws gas further connects and drives a driven device.
3. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The steam flow balance tube is communicated with said back pressure type and draws gas output pipeline and the transmission pipeline between said intermediate pressure cylinder and the said low pressure (LP) cylinder of little machine to stablize the draw gas exhaust steam pressure of little machine of said back pressure type.
4. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, when the required steam flow of said backheat equipment draws gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine greater than said back pressure type, replenishes steam from said intermediate pressure cylinder to said backheat equipment.
5. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, when the required steam flow of said backheat equipment draws gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine less than said back pressure type, draws gas little machine to the overflow of said intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge from said back pressure type.
6. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Vapour condenser obtains steam and obtains the draw gas steam discharge of little machine of said back pressure type from said low pressure (LP) cylinder.
7. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Little machine starts exhaust steam pipe, connects said back pressure type draw gas little machine and said vapour condenser, and drawing gas little machine with said back pressure type the said thermodynamic system start up period can't be to said vapour condenser steam discharge when the said intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge.
8. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said backheat equipment is heater or oxygen-eliminating device.
9. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The condensed steam type little machine that draws gas obtains steam driving the said condensed steam type little machine that draws gas from said intermediate pressure cylinder, and to the vapour condenser steam discharge.
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| CN201110066842.3A CN102678204B (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2011-03-18 | Single reheating thermal system |
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| CN201110066842.3A CN102678204B (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2011-03-18 | Single reheating thermal system |
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| CN103498708A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-08 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Air-cooling reheating unit system arranged in small back-pressure type steam turbine and used for driving feed pump |
| CN104153830A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-11-19 | 华电国际电力股份有限公司山东分公司 | Control method and control system for water feed pump turbine |
| CN104405459A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-11 | 华电国际电力股份有限公司技术服务中心 | Backpressure machine acting and heat supply device for steam exhaust heat supply network of intermediate pressure cylinder of steam turbine |
| CN104696026A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 张德志 | Small and medium-sized, energy-saving and efficient intermediate reheating steam turbine set |
| WO2015196869A1 (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-12-30 | 北京越麓咨询有限责任公司 | Built-in steam reheater of multi-stage impulse steam turbine |
| CN105464719A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-06 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Heating steam extraction steam turbine unit |
| CN109404069A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-01 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Steam Turbine Regenerative System |
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| CN103498708A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-08 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Air-cooling reheating unit system arranged in small back-pressure type steam turbine and used for driving feed pump |
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| CN104405459B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-06-01 | 华电国际电力股份有限公司技术服务中心 | For back pressure machine acting and the heating plant of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission steam discharge heating network |
| CN104696026A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 张德志 | Small and medium-sized, energy-saving and efficient intermediate reheating steam turbine set |
| CN105464719A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-06 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Heating steam extraction steam turbine unit |
| CN109404069A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-01 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Steam Turbine Regenerative System |
| CN109404069B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-07-16 | 广东天安项目管理有限公司 | Steam turbine backheating system |
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