Summary of the invention
For overcome report method can not be at aluminum content the limitation of growth in situ Mg-Al hydrotalcite film on the low or not aluminiferous magnesiumalloy, one of the object of the invention be to provide a kind of can be at aluminum content low or not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface growth in situ have the film-forming soln of the Mg-Al hydrotalcite film of protective.
Another object of the present invention be to provide a kind of technology simply can aluminum content low with not aluminiferous magnesiumalloy on prepare the method for Mg-Al hydrotalcite film, shortening film formation time.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of at aluminum content the film-forming soln of low or not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface growth in situ Mg-Al hydrotalcite film, this film-forming soln comprises pretreatment liquid and aftertreatment fluid, pre-treatment solution is in unsaturated carbonate solution, to drip the basic soln gained that contains Al; Post-treatment solution is on the pretreatment liquid basis, regulates pH value gained with basic soln.
The film-forming soln of described and not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface growth in situ Mg-Al hydrotalcite film low at aluminum content, aluminum content is low to comprise AM30, AZ31, WE54 or ZK60 etc. with not aluminiferous magnesiumalloy.
The film-forming soln of described and not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface growth in situ Mg-Al hydrotalcite film low at aluminum content, the basic soln that contains Al are meant pure aluminum plate are placed on room temperature to 90 ℃ that concentration is the Na of 0.01~5mol/L
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, NaOH, K
2CO
3, KHCO
3, be dissolved to saturated acquisition in a kind of or its mixing solutions among the KOH, can directly in unsaturated carbonate solution, drip the described Al of containing basic soln and regulate pH value to 5~9 and obtain pretreatment liquid.
The film-forming soln of described and not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface growth in situ Mg-Al hydrotalcite film low at aluminum content adopts basic soln to regulate pre-treatment pH value of solution value to 9.5~13 and is post-treatment solution.
The film-forming soln of described and not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface growth in situ Mg-Al hydrotalcite film low at aluminum content is regulated the basic soln of aftertreatment fluid pH value, is that concentration is the Na of 0.1~4mol/L
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, NaOH, K
2CO
3, KHCO
3, a kind of or its mixing solutions among the KOH.
Among the present invention, use above-mentioned film-forming soln to hang down the method for preparing the Mg-Al hydrotalcite film with not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface at aluminum content, concrete steps are following:
1) mechanical pretreatment and skimming treatment:
Mechanical pretreatment is meant with sand paper sample is polished, fin cutting, oxide on surface etc.; Skimming treatment is meant with alcohol UW room temperature cleans 2~10min or with 8~12g/L NaOH aqueous solution soaking, 4~10min of 50~90 ℃, removes lubricant that general dirt, sintering adhere to, cutting agent etc.;
2) adopt two-step approach at Mg alloy surface growth in situ hydrotalcite film:
At first, magnesiumalloy is immersed in surface growth goes out precursor film in the pre-treatment solution; Then, precursor film is put into post-treatment solution and change hydrotalcite film into.
Describedly prepare the method for Mg-Al hydrotalcite film with not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface in that aluminum content is low, uses temperature that constant temperature water bath controls pretreatment liquid to be room temperature to 70 ℃, the treatment time is 10min~1.5h.
Describedly prepare the method for Mg-Al hydrotalcite film with not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface in that aluminum content is low, using the temperature of constant temperature water bath control aftertreatment fluid is 55~90 ℃, and the treatment time is 15min~1.5h.
The thickness of described precursor film is 0.2~3 micron, and the thickness of hydrotalcite film is 0.1~2.8 micron.
More than each step all need not washing after finishing.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, solution composition of the present invention is simple, raw material is easy to get, with low cost, do not use any toxic substance, whole process of preparation environmental protection, and technology is simple, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
2, the low and not aluminiferous Mg alloy surface growth in situ Mg-Al hydrotalcite film at aluminum content need add aluminum ion in film forming liquid, and the present invention is placed on Na with pure aluminum plate
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, NaOH, K
2CO
3, KHCO
3, be dissolved in a kind of or its mixing solutions among the KOH saturated; Through using this to contain the pH value that the Al basic soln is regulated unsaturated carbonate solution; Success is incorporated into aluminum ion in the film forming liquid, and this method can not be incorporated into other impurity negatively charged ion in the film forming liquid, makes the hydrotalcite film purity of acquisition high.
3, the present invention is applicable to the low and not aluminiferous magnesiumalloy of all aluminum contents, has avoided the only limitation of suitable AZ91 magnesiumalloy of original technology, and is applied widely.
4, adopt the present invention to prepare the Mg-Al hydrotalcite film, the process of Mg alloy surface growth in situ hydrotalcite film was divided into for two steps, will significantly shorten film formation time.
5, the rete that adopts the present invention to make is fine and close, smooth, thickness is even, and is good with basal body binding force.
6, the rete that adopts the present invention to obtain is by hydrotalcite (Mg
6Al
2(OH)
16CO
34H
2O) form; It is a kind of inorganic functional material with special laminate structure, and interlayer anion has interchangeability, can obtain the film of multi-functional supermolecular intercalation structure; And make rete have the self-healing characteristic, with the solidity to corrosion of further improving magnesiumalloy and with the combining of organic coating.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Logical CO in zero(ppm) water
2Get pH about gas 10min and be about 4 unsaturated carbonate solution, adopt the 2.0mol/L K that is dissolved with saturated Al
2CO
3Solution is regulated carbonic acid soln pH value to 6, obtains pre-treatment solution; Post-treatment solution is on the pretreatment liquid basis, regulates pH value to 10.5 with 2mol/L KOH solution.
Experiment material is the WE54 magnesiumalloy, handles according to following steps:
1) mechanical pretreatment;
In the present embodiment, described mechanical pretreatment is meant with sand paper polishes to sample, fin cutting, oxide on surface etc.;
2) two-step approach film forming
Pre-treatment: it is to soak 10min in 40 ℃ the pretreatment liquid to obtain precursor film that the good sample of will polishing is put into temperature; Aftertreatment: it is that 1h obtains hydrotalcite film in 80 ℃ the aftertreatment fluid that the precursor film that obtains directly is immersed in temperature.In the present embodiment, the thickness of precursor film is 0.5 micron, and the thickness of hydrotalcite film is 0.4 micron.
In the present embodiment, obtain light grey hydrotalcite film, the XRD result of Fig. 1 shows that the staple of film is Mg
6Al
2(OH)
16CO
34H
2O, the Mg peak comes from matrix, does not have other impurity components to exist.This hydrotalcite film soaks the 24h surface in 0.1mol/LNaCl have 2 hot spots.
Embodiment 2:
Logical CO in zero(ppm) water
2Get pH about gas 10min and be about 4 unsaturated carbonate solution, adopt the 0.1mol/L NaOH solution that is dissolved with saturated Al to regulate carbonic acid soln pH value to 5, obtain pre-treatment solution; In pre-treatment solution, drip 0.5mol/L Na
2CO
3Solution adjust pH to 11.5 obtains post-treatment solution.
Experiment material is extruding attitude AM30 magnesiumalloy, handles according to following steps:
1) mechanical pretreatment and skimming treatment;
In the present embodiment, described mechanical pretreatment is meant with sand paper polishes to sample, fin cutting, oxide on surface etc.; Skimming treatment is meant the aqueous solution soaking with 10g/L NaOH, removes lubricant that general dirt, sintering adhere to, cutting agent etc., and temperature is controlled at 80 ℃, and the time is 5min;
2) two-step approach film forming
Pre-treatment: the pre-treatment solution immersion 30min that the good sample of will polishing is put under the room temperature obtains precursor film; Aftertreatment: it is that 50min obtains hydrotalcite film in 60 ℃ the aftertreatment fluid that the precursor film that obtains directly is immersed in temperature; In the present embodiment, the thickness of precursor film is 1.5 microns, and the thickness of hydrotalcite film is 1.3 microns.
In the present embodiment, on extruding attitude AM30 magnesiumalloy, obtain milky conversion film, film is very smooth.See that from the SEM surface topography of Fig. 2 rete is formed by the particle packing of withe shape, evenly fine and close.This film soaks experiment 10h entirely in 0.1mol/LNaCl solution, no spot corrosion produces; Behind the 48h, contain hydrotalcite film sample and have only the border regional area spot corrosion to occur, and just all corrosion of matrix 6h.
Embodiment 3:
Logical CO in zero(ppm) water
2Get pH about gas 10min and be about 4 unsaturated carbonate solution, adopt the 5mol/L Na that is dissolved with saturated Al
2CO
3Solution is regulated carbonic acid soln pH value to 8, obtains pre-treatment solution; In pre-treatment solution, drip 1mol/L NaOH solution adjust pH to 12, obtain post-treatment solution.
Experiment material is extruding attitude AZ31 magnesiumalloy, handles according to following steps:
1) mechanical pretreatment and skimming treatment;
In the present embodiment, described mechanical pretreatment is meant with sand paper polishes to sample, fin cutting, oxide on surface etc.; Skimming treatment is meant with alcohol ultrasonic cleaning 5min;
2) two-step approach film forming
Pre-treatment: it is to soak 1.5h in 60 ℃ the pre-treatment solution to obtain precursor film that the sample after the skimming treatment of will polishing is put into temperature; Aftertreatment: it is that 20min obtains hydrotalcite film in 90 ℃ the aftertreatment fluid that the precursor film that obtains directly is immersed in temperature; In the present embodiment, the thickness of precursor film is 2.5 microns, and the thickness of hydrotalcite film is 2.2 microns.
In the present embodiment, on the AZ31 magnesiumalloy, obtain grayish conversion film, film is uniform and smooth.This film soaks 48h and 3 hot spots occur in 0.1mol/LNaCl.
Embodiment 4:
In the present embodiment, the preparation of pre-treatment solution and post-treatment solution such as embodiment 1.
Experiment material is extruding attitude AZ31 magnesiumalloy, handles according to following steps:
1) mechanical pretreatment;
In the present embodiment, described mechanical pretreatment is meant with sand paper polishes to sample, fin cutting, oxide on surface etc.;
2) two-step approach film forming
Pre-treatment: it is that 50 ℃ pre-treatment solution soaks 1h and obtains precursor film that the sample that pre-treatment is good is put into temperature; Aftertreatment: it is that 40min obtains hydrotalcite film in 75 ℃ the aftertreatment fluid that the precursor film that obtains is directly immersed temperature.In the present embodiment, the thickness of precursor film is 2.3 microns, and the thickness of hydrotalcite film is 2.1 microns.
In the present embodiment, on the AZ31 magnesiumalloy, obtain gray hydrotalcite film, the smooth densification of film.In 0.1mol/L NaCl, soak 12h and hot spot do not occur.
Embodiment 5:
Logical CO in zero(ppm) water
2Get pH about gas 10min and be about 4 carbonation solution, adopt the 1mol/L NaHCO that is dissolved with saturated Al
3Solution is regulated carbonic acid soln pH value to 7, obtains pre-treatment solution; Post-treatment solution is on the pretreatment liquid basis, uses 4mol/L KHCO
3Solution is regulated pH value to 13.
Experiment material is extruding attitude ZK60 magnesiumalloy, handles according to following steps:
1) mechanical pretreatment;
In the present embodiment, described mechanical pretreatment is meant with sand paper polishes to sample, fin cutting, oxide on surface etc.;
2) two-step approach film forming
Pre-treatment: it is that 70 ℃ pre-treatment solution soaks 20min and obtains precursor film that the good sample of will polishing is put into temperature; Aftertreatment: it is that 1.5h obtains hydrotalcite film in 70 ℃ the aftertreatment fluid that the precursor film that obtains is directly immersed temperature; In the present embodiment, the thickness of precursor film is 1.1 microns, and the thickness of hydrotalcite film is 0.9 micron.
The Mg-Al hydrotalcite film that obtains in the present embodiment is for light grey, in 0.1mol/L NaCl solution, soak experiment 15h entirely after, produce first point corrosion pit.
Embodiment 6:
Logical CO in zero(ppm) water
2Get pH about gas 10min and be about 4 unsaturated carbonate solution, adopt the 2mol/L NaOH solution that is dissolved with saturated Al to regulate carbonic acid soln pH value to 6, obtain pre-treatment solution; Post-treatment solution is on the pretreatment liquid basis, uses 3mol/l Na
2CO
3Regulate pH value to 10.5 with the mixing solutions of 0.2mol/L NaOH.Experiment material is extruding attitude AM30 magnesiumalloy, and experimental procedure is shown in embodiment 5.
The thickness of the precursor film that obtains in the present embodiment is 1.5 microns, and the thickness of hydrotalcite film is 1.2 microns, and hydrotalcite film is a pearl, and film is uniform and smooth, in 0.1mol/L NaCl solution, soak full the experiment 18h after, produce first point corrosion pit.
Comparative Examples 1:
Logical CO in zero(ppm) water
2About gas 10min pH is about 4 unsaturated carbonate solution as pre-treatment solution; Post-treatment solution is on the pretreatment liquid basis, regulates pH value to 10.5 with 2mol/L NaOH solution.
Experiment material is extruding attitude AZ31 magnesiumalloy, handles according to following steps:
1) mechanical pretreatment;
In this Comparative Examples, described mechanical pretreatment is with sand paper sample to be polished, fin cutting, oxide on surface etc.;
2) two-step approach film forming
Pre-treatment: it is that 40 ℃ pre-treatment solution soaks 2h and obtains the precursor film that sample is put into temperature; Aftertreatment: it is that 30min obtains hydrotalcite film in 80 ℃ the aftertreatment fluid that the precursor film that obtains is directly immersed temperature;
In this Comparative Examples, the Mg-Al hydrotalcite film of specimen surface is more coarse, and solidity to corrosion is very poor, in 0.1mol/LNaCl solution, soak full the experiment 0.5h after, a lot of black color dots pits just appear in the surface.
Comparative Examples 2:
Pre-treatment solution is to add 0.01mol/L Al in the carbonic acid soln saturated under the room temperature
2(SO
4)
318H
2O solution; Aftertreatment fluid is meant and pure aluminum plate is immersed in 60 ℃ 0.5mol/L Na
2CO
3In be dissolved to the reach capacity solution of gained of Al content.
Experiment material is extruding attitude AZ31 magnesiumalloy, handles according to following steps:
1) mechanical pretreatment;
In this Comparative Examples, described mechanical pretreatment is meant with sand paper polishes to sample, fin cutting, oxide on surface etc.;
2) two-step approach film forming
Pre-treatment: the pre-treatment solution immersion 1h that the sample that pre-treatment is good is put under the room temperature obtains precursor film; Aftertreatment: the precursor film that obtains immersed directly 2h obtains final rete in the aftertreatment fluid.
In this Comparative Examples, obtain the pearl conversion film, but the staple of film is NaAlCO
3(OH)
2Dawsonite, Al (OH)
3And Al
5(OH)
13(CO
3) 5H
2O, this film forming liquid can not obtain the Mg-Al hydrotalcite film.
Can find out from embodiment and Comparative Examples result, the present invention aluminum content low with not aluminiferous magnesiumalloy on the Mg-Al hydrotalcite film of growth in situ have good solidity to corrosion, rete is fine and close, smooth, thickness is even, and is good with basal body binding force.