CN102671399B - Reboiler - Google Patents
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims 2
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000703 anti-shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种再沸器，包括：筒体，筒体的两端分别具有物料进口和物料出口，且筒体在物料出口的一侧还具有蒸汽进口，以及在物料进口一侧具有冷凝液出口；多根换热管。本发明在换热管基体的内表面加工了多孔层，多孔层通过增加加热面的粗糙度，制造了人造汽化核心，提高了换热管的传热效率；同时，在换热管基体的外表面加工出纵向凹槽，纵向凹槽内部具有圆形的突起，并且在齿部上也设置了纵向刻痕，利用表面张力减薄液膜厚度，改善了换热管的外部的冷凝效果。本发明使得再沸器的总传热系数可达到光管再沸器的3倍以上，而且换热管沸腾侧的抗结垢能力得到提高，污垢沉积速率远小于光滑管，延长了再沸器的清洗周期。
The invention discloses a reboiler, which comprises: a cylinder body, the two ends of the cylinder body respectively have a material inlet and a material outlet, and the cylinder body also has a steam inlet on the side of the material outlet, and a condensing valve on the side of the material inlet. Liquid outlet; multiple heat exchange tubes. In the present invention, a porous layer is processed on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube matrix, and the porous layer manufactures an artificial vaporization core by increasing the roughness of the heating surface, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube; at the same time, on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube matrix Longitudinal grooves are processed on the surface, and there are circular protrusions inside the longitudinal grooves, and longitudinal notches are also set on the teeth, which use surface tension to reduce the thickness of the liquid film and improve the condensation effect on the outside of the heat exchange tube. The invention makes the total heat transfer coefficient of the reboiler more than 3 times that of the bare tube reboiler, and the anti-fouling ability of the boiling side of the heat exchange tube is improved, and the fouling deposition rate is much lower than that of the smooth tube, which prolongs the reboiler cleaning cycle.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种再沸器。The present invention relates to a reboiler.
背景技术 Background technique
再沸器是用于汽化塔底产物的一类换热器，广泛应用于石油、化工、低温制冷、动力、能源等行业。再沸器的换热管束通常采用光滑管，此种再沸器称为光管再沸器。光管再沸器的换热管的换热效率低，换热过程对动力及材料的消耗多，而且换热管沸腾侧易结垢，当结垢层越来越厚，会导致生产效率进一步降低，甚至造成停产事故。The reboiler is a type of heat exchanger used for the bottom product of the vaporization tower, and is widely used in petroleum, chemical, low-temperature refrigeration, power, energy and other industries. The heat exchange tube bundle of the reboiler usually adopts smooth tubes, and this type of reboiler is called a smooth tube reboiler. The heat transfer efficiency of the heat transfer tube of the bare tube reboiler is low, and the heat transfer process consumes a lot of power and materials, and the boiling side of the heat transfer tube is prone to fouling. When the fouling layer becomes thicker, the production efficiency will further increase. reduce, or even cause production stoppage accidents.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明设计开发了一种再沸器。在本发明中，在再沸器的换热管基体的内表面加工了多孔层，多孔层通过增加加热面的粗糙度，制造了人造汽化核心，从而提高换热管的传热效率；同时，在换热管基体的外表面加工出纵向凹槽，纵向凹槽内部具有圆形的突起，并且在齿部上也设置了纵向刻痕，利用表面张力减薄冷凝液膜厚度，改善了换热管的外部的冷凝效果。本发明同时改善了壳程的沸腾传热和管程的冷凝传热，使得本发明的再沸器的总传热系数可达到光管再沸器的3倍以上，而且换热管沸腾侧的抗结垢能力得到提高，污垢沉积速率远小于光滑管，延长了再沸器的清洗周期。The present invention designs and develops a reboiler. In the present invention, a porous layer is processed on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube matrix of the reboiler, and the porous layer creates an artificial vaporization core by increasing the roughness of the heating surface, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube; at the same time, Longitudinal grooves are processed on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube base, and there are circular protrusions inside the longitudinal grooves, and longitudinal notches are also set on the teeth, which use surface tension to reduce the thickness of the condensate film and improve heat transfer Condensation effect on the outside of the tube. The present invention improves the boiling heat transfer of the shell side and the condensation heat transfer of the tube side at the same time, so that the total heat transfer coefficient of the reboiler of the present invention can reach more than 3 times that of the bare tube reboiler, and the boiling side of the heat exchange tube The anti-fouling ability is improved, and the fouling deposition rate is much lower than that of smooth tubes, which prolongs the cleaning cycle of the reboiler.
本发明提供的技术方案为：The technical scheme provided by the invention is:
一种再沸器，包括：A reboiler comprising:
筒体，所述筒体的两端分别具有物料进口和物料出口，且所述筒体在所述物料出口的一侧还具有蒸汽进口，以及在所述物料进口一侧具有冷凝液出口；A cylinder, the two ends of the cylinder respectively have a material inlet and a material outlet, and the cylinder also has a steam inlet on the side of the material outlet, and a condensate outlet on the side of the material inlet;
多根换热管，所述多根换热管并排设置于所述筒体内，其中，所述换热管包括有基体和多孔层，所述多孔层位于所述基体的内表面，所述多孔层的厚度为0.1~0.5mm，孔隙率为30~60%，所述基体的中间部分的外表面均设有多个纵向凹槽和多个齿部，所述纵向凹槽与所述齿部间隔设置，所述纵向凹槽的内表面均布有圆形的突起，所述纵向凹槽的截面呈梯形，且所述纵向凹槽的底部为梯形的长底，所述纵向凹槽的深度为0.5~1.5mm，槽中心距为2~3mm，所述齿部的截面呈倒置的梯形，所述齿部的表面具有多条纵向刻痕，所述基体的两个端部的外表面均为光滑表面。A plurality of heat exchange tubes, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged side by side in the cylinder, wherein the heat exchange tubes include a matrix and a porous layer, the porous layer is located on the inner surface of the matrix, and the porous The thickness of the layer is 0.1~0.5mm, and the porosity is 30~60%. The outer surface of the middle part of the base body is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves and a plurality of teeth, and the longitudinal grooves are connected with the teeth. Arranged at intervals, circular protrusions are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the longitudinal groove, the cross section of the longitudinal groove is trapezoidal, and the bottom of the longitudinal groove is a long bottom of the trapezoid, and the depth of the longitudinal groove is 0.5~1.5mm, groove center distance is 2~3mm, the cross-section of the tooth part is an inverted trapezoid, the surface of the tooth part has a plurality of longitudinal notches, and the outer surfaces of the two ends of the base body are both for a smooth surface.
优选的是，所述的再沸器中，所述齿部的表面均设有多条纵向刻痕，且所述纵向刻痕的深度为0.1~0.15mm。Preferably, in the reboiler, a plurality of longitudinal notches are provided on the surface of the teeth, and the depth of the longitudinal notches is 0.1-0.15 mm.
优选的是，所述的再沸器中，所述纵向凹槽的底部与侧部之间的连接部呈圆弧状，且所述纵向凹槽的底部与侧部之间的连接部的曲率半径为0.1~0.2mm。Preferably, in the reboiler, the connection between the bottom and the side of the longitudinal groove is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the connection between the bottom and the side of the longitudinal groove is The radius is 0.1~0.2mm.
优选的是，所述的再沸器中，所述纵向凹槽与所述齿部之间的连接部呈圆弧状，且所述纵向凹槽与所述齿部之间的连接部的曲率半径为0.1~0.2mm。Preferably, in the reboiler, the connecting portion between the longitudinal groove and the tooth is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the connecting portion between the longitudinal groove and the tooth is The radius is 0.1~0.2mm.
优选的是，所述的再沸器中，所述多孔层为采用铝粉、铁粉或者铜粉烧结或钎焊在所述换热管的基体的内表面上所形成的凹凸不平的小孔。Preferably, in the reboiler, the porous layer is an uneven small hole formed by sintering or brazing aluminum powder, iron powder or copper powder on the inner surface of the base body of the heat exchange tube. .
优选的是，所述的再沸器中，所述换热管的外径为19~57mm。Preferably, in the reboiler, the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube is 19-57 mm.
优选的是，所述的再沸器中，所述换热管基体的厚度为2~5mm。Preferably, in the reboiler, the thickness of the heat exchange tube substrate is 2-5mm.
优选的是，所述的再沸器，还包括：Preferably, the reboiler also includes:
多个安装座，其相对于所述筒体的周向均布于所述筒体的外表面。A plurality of mounting seats are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the cylinder with respect to the circumferential direction of the cylinder.
本发明所述的再沸器具有以下有益效果：The reboiler of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1)多孔层可显著改善换热管的沸腾传热效果，其沸腾传热系数可达光滑表面的3~10倍，临界热流密度为光滑表面的2倍以上；且多孔层的阻垢能力强，具有多孔层的换热管的污垢沉积速率远小于光滑管，延长了再沸器的清洗周期。(1) The porous layer can significantly improve the boiling heat transfer effect of the heat exchange tube, the boiling heat transfer coefficient can reach 3~10 times that of the smooth surface, and the critical heat flux is more than 2 times that of the smooth surface; and the scale inhibition ability of the porous layer Strong, heat exchange tubes with a porous layer have a much slower fouling deposition rate than smooth tubes, extending reboiler cleaning intervals.
(2)换热管基体的外表面设置有纵向凹槽，且纵向凹槽内部具有圆形的突起，齿部上具有纵向刻痕，利用表面张力减薄冷凝液膜厚度，可显著提高换热管的冷凝传热效果，具有纵向凹槽和纵向刻痕的表面的冷凝传热系数可达光滑表面的3~6倍。(2) The outer surface of the heat exchange tube base is provided with longitudinal grooves, and there are circular protrusions inside the longitudinal grooves, and there are longitudinal notches on the teeth. Using surface tension to reduce the thickness of the condensate film can significantly improve heat transfer. The condensation heat transfer effect of the tube, the condensation heat transfer coefficient of the surface with longitudinal grooves and longitudinal grooves can reach 3~6 times that of the smooth surface.
(3)本发明的再沸器的总传热系数可以达到光管再沸器的3倍以上，所需传热温差仅为光管再沸器的1/2~1/10，所需换热面积仅为光管再沸器的40%~60%，减小了再沸器的体积，可显著降低再沸器的运行成本和制造成本。(3) The total heat transfer coefficient of the reboiler of the present invention can reach more than 3 times of that of a bare tube reboiler, and the required heat transfer temperature difference is only 1/2～1/10 of that of a bare tube reboiler. The heat area is only 40%~60% of that of the bare tube reboiler, which reduces the volume of the reboiler and can significantly reduce the operating cost and manufacturing cost of the reboiler.
(4)本发明的再沸器采用立式的结构形式，这种结构有利于管内沸腾保持为核态沸腾或环流状态，这时的沸腾传热系数最大；本发明的换热管基体的外表面的结构十分适合于立式再沸器，可迅速排走冷凝液，更进一步减小液膜厚度，提高冷凝传热系数。(4) The reboiler of the present invention adopts a vertical structure, and this structure is conducive to keeping the boiling in the tube as a nucleate boiling or circulation state, and the boiling heat transfer coefficient at this time is the largest; the outer surface of the heat exchange tube substrate of the present invention The surface structure is very suitable for the vertical reboiler, which can quickly drain the condensate, further reduce the thickness of the liquid film, and improve the condensation heat transfer coefficient.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明所述的再沸器的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a reboiler according to the present invention.
图2为本发明所述的再沸器的换热管的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube of the reboiler according to the present invention.
图3为图2的A-A剖面视图。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of FIG. 2 .
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the description.
如图1、图2和图3所示，本发明提供一种再沸器，包括：筒体6，所述筒体的两端分别具有物料进口和物料出口，且所述筒体在所述物料出口的一侧还具有蒸汽进口，以及在所述物料进口一侧具有冷凝液出口；多根换热管，所述多根换热管并排设置于所述筒体内，其中，所述换热管包括有基体和多孔层，所述多孔层位于所述基体的内表面，所述多孔层的厚度为0.1~0.5mm，孔隙率为30~60%，所述基体的中间部分的外表面均设有多个纵向凹槽82和多个齿部81，所述纵向凹槽82与所述齿部81间隔设置，且所述纵向凹槽82的内表面均布有圆形的突起825，所述纵向凹槽82的截面呈梯形，且所述纵向凹槽的底部822为梯形的长底，所述纵向凹槽82的深度h为0.5~1.5mm，槽中心距d为2~3mm，所述齿部81的截面呈倒置的梯形，所述齿部的表面具有多条纵向刻痕，所述基体的两个端部的外表面均为光滑表面。As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention provides a kind of reboiler, comprising: cylinder body 6, the two ends of described cylinder body respectively have material inlet and material outlet, and described cylinder body is in the There is also a steam inlet on one side of the material outlet, and a condensate outlet on the side of the material inlet; a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged side by side in the cylinder, wherein the heat exchange The tube includes a matrix and a porous layer, the porous layer is located on the inner surface of the matrix, the thickness of the porous layer is 0.1-0.5mm, the porosity is 30-60%, and the outer surface of the middle part of the matrix is There are a plurality of longitudinal grooves 82 and a plurality of teeth 81, the longitudinal grooves 82 are spaced apart from the teeth 81, and the inner surfaces of the longitudinal grooves 82 are evenly distributed with circular protrusions 825, so The section of the longitudinal groove 82 is trapezoidal, and the bottom 822 of the longitudinal groove is a trapezoidal long bottom, the depth h of the longitudinal groove 82 is 0.5-1.5mm, and the groove center distance d is 2-3mm. The cross-section of the tooth part 81 is an inverted trapezoid, the surface of the tooth part has a plurality of longitudinal notches, and the outer surfaces of the two ends of the base body are smooth surfaces.
在本发明中，多孔层的厚度t为0.1~0.5mm，孔隙率为30~60%。由于多孔层是为了人为地制造大量的汽化核心，在上述厚度和孔隙率的情况下，可获得较好的沸腾传热效果。In the present invention, the thickness t of the porous layer is 0.1-0.5 mm, and the porosity is 30-60%. Since the porous layer is to artificially create a large number of vaporization cores, a better boiling heat transfer effect can be obtained under the above-mentioned thickness and porosity.
本发明中，纵向凹槽的深度h为0.5~1.5mm，槽中心距d为2~3mm。纵向凹槽的尺寸过大，对于换热管基体的外表面的情况的改善就有限，不利于对减薄冷凝液膜厚度；同时也会影响到换热管的强度，影响换热管的使用寿命。In the present invention, the depth h of the longitudinal groove is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the groove center distance d is 2-3 mm. If the size of the longitudinal groove is too large, the improvement of the outer surface of the heat exchange tube substrate is limited, which is not conducive to reducing the thickness of the condensate film; at the same time, it will also affect the strength of the heat exchange tube and affect the use of the heat exchange tube life.
纵向凹槽的截面设置为梯形，且纵向凹槽的底部对应着梯形的长底，纵向凹槽的开口处对应着梯形的较短的底边，也就是说，纵向凹槽在内部为蒸汽提供了较大的接触空间，蒸汽与换热管充分接触，同时也增大了纵向凹槽的横截面，有利于排走冷凝液，保证了换热效果。The cross-section of the longitudinal groove is set to be trapezoidal, and the bottom of the longitudinal groove corresponds to the long bottom of the trapezoid, and the opening of the longitudinal groove corresponds to the shorter bottom of the trapezoid, that is to say, the longitudinal groove provides steam inside. A large contact space is created, the steam is fully in contact with the heat exchange tube, and the cross section of the longitudinal groove is also enlarged, which is beneficial to drain away the condensate and ensures the heat exchange effect.
纵向凹槽的开口宽度的d1为0.5~1mm，纵向凹槽的底部宽度d3为1.5~2mm，齿部的顶部宽度d2为1.5~2mm。The opening width d1 of the longitudinal groove is 0.5-1 mm, the bottom width d3 of the longitudinal groove is 1.5-2 mm, and the top width d2 of the teeth is 1.5-2 mm.
本发明的纵向刻痕可以增加换热管的表面积，从而改善了传热效果。纵向凹槽内部均布有圆形的突起，可以进一步增加换热管的表面积，有助于减薄冷凝液膜的厚度。上述纵向刻痕和圆形突起均需要均匀分布，是为了保证换热管各局部的冷凝传热效率相等。The longitudinal notch of the present invention can increase the surface area of the heat exchange tube, thereby improving the heat transfer effect. Round protrusions are evenly distributed inside the longitudinal grooves, which can further increase the surface area of the heat exchange tubes and help to reduce the thickness of the condensate film. The above-mentioned longitudinal notches and circular protrusions need to be evenly distributed in order to ensure that the condensation heat transfer efficiency of each part of the heat exchange tube is equal.
本发明中的换热管的端部设置为光滑表面，主要是为方便安装。换热管的两端需要分别与上管板和下管板连接，光滑表面的端部的长度L=n+500~100mm，其中，n代表了上管板或者下管板的厚度。The ends of the heat exchange tubes in the present invention are set as smooth surfaces, mainly for the convenience of installation. The two ends of the heat exchange tube need to be connected with the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet respectively, and the length of the end of the smooth surface is L=n+500~100mm, where n represents the thickness of the upper tube sheet or the lower tube sheet.
所述的再沸器中，所述齿部的表面均设有多条纵向刻痕，且所述纵向刻痕的深度为0.1~0.15mm。In the reboiler, a plurality of longitudinal notches are provided on the surface of the teeth, and the depth of the longitudinal notches is 0.1-0.15mm.
所述的再沸器中，所述纵向凹槽的底部822与侧部821之间的连接部823呈圆弧状，且所述纵向凹槽的底部与侧部之间的连接部的曲率半径R2为0.1~0.2mm。In the reboiler, the connecting portion 823 between the bottom 822 and the side portion 821 of the longitudinal groove is arc-shaped, and the radius of curvature of the connecting portion between the bottom and the side portion of the longitudinal groove is R2 is 0.1~0.2mm.
所述的再沸器中，所述纵向凹槽82与所述齿部81之间的连接部824呈圆弧状，且所述纵向凹槽与所述齿部之间的连接部的曲率半径R1为0.1~0.2mm。In the reboiler, the connecting portion 824 between the longitudinal groove 82 and the tooth portion 81 is arc-shaped, and the radius of curvature of the connecting portion between the longitudinal groove and the tooth portion R1 is 0.1~0.2mm.
本发明中，纵向凹槽的底部与侧部之间的连接部，以及纵向凹槽与齿部的连接部都采用圆弧状的设计，也是为了改善换热管的表面情况，使得冷凝液不至于在此聚集，而易于滑落。In the present invention, the connecting portion between the bottom and the side of the longitudinal groove, and the connecting portion between the longitudinal groove and the teeth are all designed in an arc shape, which is also to improve the surface condition of the heat exchange tube so that the condensate does not As for gathering in this, it is easy to slip off.
所述的再沸器中，所述多孔层为采用铝粉、铁粉或者铜粉烧结或钎焊在所述换热管的基体的内表面上所形成的凹凸不平的小孔。In the reboiler described above, the porous layer is formed by sintering or brazing aluminum powder, iron powder or copper powder on the inner surface of the base body of the heat exchange tube to form uneven small holes.
所述的再沸器中，所述换热管的外径为19~57mm。In the reboiler, the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube is 19-57mm.
所述的再沸器中，所述换热管基体的厚度为2~5mm。In the reboiler, the thickness of the heat exchange tube substrate is 2-5mm.
所述的再沸器，还包括：多个安装座，其相对于所述筒体的周向均布于所述筒体的外表面。The reboiler further includes: a plurality of installation seats, which are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the cylinder with respect to the circumferential direction of the cylinder.
本发明的再沸器为立式再沸器，有助于冷凝液的及时排出。The reboiler of the present invention is a vertical reboiler, which helps to discharge the condensate in time.
如图1所示，本发明的再沸器包括物料进口1、下封头2、下法兰3、下管板4、冷凝液出口5、筒体6、拉杆7、换热管8、耳座9、上管板10、放空口11、上法兰12、上封头13、物料出口14、蒸汽进口15、防冲板16、定距管17、折流板18、膨胀节19、排污口20。As shown in Figure 1, the reboiler of the present invention includes a material inlet 1, a lower head 2, a lower flange 3, a lower tube plate 4, a condensate outlet 5, a cylinder body 6, a pull rod 7, a heat exchange tube 8, an ear Seat 9, upper tube plate 10, vent 11, upper flange 12, upper head 13, material outlet 14, steam inlet 15, anti-shock plate 16, spacer pipe 17, baffle plate 18, expansion joint 19, blowdown Mouth 20.
其中，下管板4和上管板10之间设有筒体6、换热管8、折流板18、定距管17和拉杆7。换热管8穿过折流板18，换热管两端分别与下管板4和上管板10连接；折流板18用于增加壳程流体流程长度、提高换热效果和支撑换热管，由定距管17和拉杆7定位和固定；在下封头2上设有物料进口1，上封头13上设有物料出口14；筒体6上设有蒸汽进口15和冷凝液出口5；耳座9均布于筒体表面，并且所处平面与筒体中轴线垂直以保持再沸器的立式安装；防冲板16设置在蒸汽进口15内，以防止蒸汽直接冲刷管子而引起管子振动失稳和腐蚀；放空口11用以再沸器运行时排净壳程内的空气，排污口20是再沸器停运检修时用来排走壳程内的液体；筒体上具有膨胀节19，用于补偿因筒体6和换热管8之间的温度差引起的附加应力。Wherein, a cylinder body 6 , a heat exchange tube 8 , a baffle plate 18 , a spacer tube 17 and a tie rod 7 are arranged between the lower tube plate 4 and the upper tube plate 10 . The heat exchange tubes 8 pass through the baffles 18, and the two ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively connected with the lower tube sheet 4 and the upper tube sheet 10; the baffles 18 are used to increase the length of the shell-side fluid flow, improve the heat exchange effect and support the heat exchange The tube is positioned and fixed by the distance tube 17 and the pull rod 7; the lower head 2 is provided with a material inlet 1, and the upper head 13 is provided with a material outlet 14; the cylinder 6 is provided with a steam inlet 15 and a condensate outlet 5 ; Ear seats 9 are evenly distributed on the surface of the cylinder, and the plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the cylinder to keep the vertical installation of the reboiler; the anti-scouring plate 16 is arranged in the steam inlet 15 to prevent the steam from directly washing the pipe and causing Tube vibration instability and corrosion; the vent 11 is used to drain the air in the shell side when the reboiler is running, and the sewage outlet 20 is used to drain the liquid in the shell side when the reboiler is out of service for maintenance; the cylinder has The expansion joint 19 is used to compensate the additional stress caused by the temperature difference between the cylinder body 6 and the heat exchange tube 8 .
换热管8包括有基体21，基体21由普通光滑管加工而成。基体的内表面为多孔层22，外表面的中间部位具有纵向凹槽和齿部，两个端部的外表面均为光滑表面，且两个端部分别固定在下管板4和上管板10上。The heat exchange tube 8 includes a base body 21, and the base body 21 is processed from an ordinary smooth tube. The inner surface of the substrate is a porous layer 22, the middle part of the outer surface has longitudinal grooves and teeth, the outer surfaces of both ends are smooth surfaces, and the two ends are respectively fixed on the lower tube sheet 4 and the upper tube sheet 10 superior.
换热管8加工过程中，先用轧制或拉拔的方法在光滑管的外表面加工出纵向凹槽和纵向刻痕，然后在光滑管的内表面涂覆一层金属粉末，经过烧结或钎焊形成多孔层。换热管的材料可以是碳钢、合金钢、不锈钢、铜合金、铝合金等，多孔层材料可以是铁基粉末、铜基粉末、铝基粉末。During the processing of the heat exchange tube 8, longitudinal grooves and longitudinal notches are first processed on the outer surface of the smooth tube by rolling or drawing, and then a layer of metal powder is coated on the inner surface of the smooth tube, and after sintering or Brazing forms a porous layer. The material of the heat exchange tube can be carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, etc., and the material of the porous layer can be iron-based powder, copper-based powder, aluminum-based powder.
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。Although the embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the use listed in the specification and implementation, it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, and it can be easily understood by those skilled in the art Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.
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| CN105327522A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-02-17 | 江苏绿叶锅炉有限公司 | Fractionating tower reboiler |
| CN104529463B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2016-06-29 | 巩义市荣华节能陶瓷换热器有限公司 | A kind of ceramic material, heat-exchange ceramic and preparation method thereof, pottery reboiler |
| MY183801A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2021-03-16 | Uop Llc | Heat exchangers for low temperature carbon dioxide separation from natural gas |
| CN106693419B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2019-06-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Vertical tube falling evaporator |
| CN111285421A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-16 | 董国亮 | Methanol-to-olefin sewage stripping tower system |
| CN112069609B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2024-04-30 | 中石化南京工程有限公司 | Design and calculation method of supporting ear seat of tower-attached reboiler |
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