CN102671314B - High-rise descent rescue device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-rise descent rescue device, which comprises a shell, descending straps, a middle shaft fixedly arranged in the shell and a damping component arranged in the shell and transversely supported on the middle shaft to rotate, wherein the shell is supported through a supporting device on the outer part and fixed at a high altitude; and one end of each descending strap extends out of the shell and bind a human body, and the other end of each descending strap is wound at the damping output end of the damping component. Compared with the prior art, the descent device is small in size and suitable to be used in various high-rise rescue environments; the descending speed is irrelevant with the weight, so that the device is not required to be differently set and is applied to rescue crowds with different weights; a damping mode is produced by using uniform exhaust, so that the device is safe and stable and does not have the hidden dangers of slippage, improper engagement or blocking and the like which may be produced in the modes of sliding friction or gear engagement and the like; and a rescued person is not required to do any operations in the descending process, so the device is simple and practical.

Description

A kind of high-rise life-saving descending device

technical field

The present invention relates to life-saving equipment, in particular, the present invention relates to a life-saving descending device for tall buildings.

Background technique

With the rapid development of modern society, the urbanization process is further accelerated, and there are more and more high-rise buildings. However, in the event of crisis situations such as earthquakes and fires, it is difficult for people living in high-rise buildings to escape. Especially when stairs and elevators are blocked and cannot be used, in order to gain more escape time, people often choose to descend from windows, balconies or roofs to the ground to escape. But because the floor is too high, if there is no suitable escape device, it will cause greater casualties. So now need to have a kind of equipment that can solve the people living in city high-rise buildings and can escape and save themselves when emergency events such as earthquakes and fires take place.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a life-saving descending device for high-rise buildings, which is used to solve the problem that people living in urban high-rise buildings can escape and save themselves when emergencies such as earthquakes and fires occur.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a life-saving descending device for high buildings, including a shell, a descending belt, a central shaft fixed inside the shell, and a central shaft that is arranged inside the shell and is supported laterally on the central shaft. For the rotating damping part, the outer shell is supported and fixed at a high place by a supporting device, one end of the down belt protrudes from the shell and is tied to the human body, and the other end is wound around the damping output end of the damping part.

The damping component includes a cylindrical piece and a winding shaft of a descending belt fixedly connected to both ends of the cylindrical piece, the cylindrical piece is supported on the central shaft through the winding shaft of the descending belt, and the winding belt of the descending belt is wound on the winding shaft of the descending belt , the inside of the cylindrical member is divided into a plurality of arc-shaped cylinders in the axial direction, and a plurality of exhaust micro-holes communicating with the external air pressure are provided on the cylinder wall of each cylinder, and there is an exhaust gas matched with it inside each cylinder. Pistons, each exhaust piston is connected with an annular connecting rod, and the end of each annular connecting rod protruding from the cylinder is provided with a stopper, and each cylinder, exhaust piston and annular connecting rod form a group of operation modules.

The exhaust microholes are arranged on the cylinder wall near the tail of the cylinder, and an air pressure sensing valve sliding along the inner wall of the cylinder is also provided in the cylinder near the tail, and the air pressure sensing valve is connected with the bottom end of the cylinder through an elastic member , the air pressure sensing valve is nested with the inner wall of the cylinder through the side ring on it, and there is an exhaust port on the side ring. When the air pressure in the cylinder changes, the air pressure sensing valve will slide along the inner wall of the cylinder accordingly. When the valve slides to different positions, the exhaust port on the side ring will coincide with different numbers of exhaust micro-holes on the cylinder wall, so that part of the exhaust micro-holes will be covered by the side ring of the air pressure sensing valve, and the rest will be exhausted. The gas micropores are connected to the external air pressure through the exhaust port.

The distribution of the exhaust micropores on the cylinder wall satisfies the following conditions: within the rated air pressure range of the exhaust state, the number of exhaust micropores in the exhaust state when the air pressure in the cylinder changes is the same as that of the single exhaust micropores participating in the exhaust. The exhaust velocity of the holes is inversely proportional to each other; based on the number of exhaust micropores in the exhaust state and the exhaust velocity of a single exhaust micropore participating in the exhaust are functions of the air pressure in the cylinder, the exhaust micropores that meet the conditions The distribution function on the cylinder wall can be obtained through aerodynamic knowledge and experimental data.

The distribution of the exhaust micropores on the cylinder wall of the cylinder is set according to experimental data. First, the winding radius of the descending belt is preset as r, and the rated descending speed of the descending belt is preset as v, then the The rated rotational angular velocity of the cylinder is It is preset that the arc that the exhaust piston slides relative to the cylinder wall during a complete exhaust of the cylinder is w (rad), and the exhaust micropore is a circular hole with a diameter of about 1 mm; for the experiment The cylinder requires that the exhaust microholes have not been opened and the exhaust port is set on the side ring, but the position of the exhaust port is preset on the upper edge of the exhaust port boundary of the side ring and not the lower edge of the exhaust port boundary. ;

The specific experimental data and derivation results are determined through the following steps:

Step 1: Open an experimental exhaust microhole on the cylinder wall near the tail of the experimental cylinder;

Step 2: When the air pressure in the experimental cylinder in the exhaust state is set to p ₁ , p ₂ , p ₃ , ..., p _n respectively, measure the exhaust microholes used in the experiment in a complete exhaust operation The exhaust times used correspond to t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₃ , ..., t _n respectively, where p ₁ and p _n are respectively the minimum rated air pressure and the maximum rated air pressure of the cylinder during the preset slow-down operation;

Step 3: When the air pressure in the experimental cylinder in the exhaust state is set to p ₁ , p ₂ , p ₃ , ..., p _n respectively, measure the air pressure of the exhaust port on the air pressure sensing valve. The positions corresponding to the upper lines respectively, and record the coordinates of the upper lines of the boundary of the exhaust port with the natural coordinate method along the arc path as x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ , ..., x _n ;

Step 4: Determine the lower line of the boundary of the exhaust port according to the above experimental data: when the air pressure in the cylinder is p ₁ , the position coordinate corresponding to the lower line of the boundary of the exhaust port should be below x _n and record its coordinate as x _N , the cylinder wall of the cylinder between x _N and x _n is subject to a row of exhaust microholes; thus the arc length between the upper and lower lines of the exhaust port is x _N -x ₁ ; at the same time, set The arc length from the upper edge of the exhaust port boundary to the upper edge of the side ring is greater than _xN - _x1 ;

Step 5: According to the above data, the number of exhaust microholes should be set on the cylinder wall of the cylinder is: All are between x ₁ and x _N coordinates; the number of exhaust microholes between x ₁ and x ₂ coordinates is: The number of exhaust pores between the _x2 and _x3 coordinates is: The number of exhaust pores between the x _u and x _z coordinates is: u≤z≤n, and u and z take positive integers, the number of exhaust microholes between x _n and x _N coordinates is:

When the air pressure in the cylinder is taken more times and the interval between adjacent air pressures is smaller during the experiment, the coordinate distribution of the exhaust micropores recorded by the natural coordinate method along the arc path of the outer cylinder wall near the tail of the cylinder wall can be obtained ideally.

In each group of the working modules, the stoppers are two piston teeth arranged along the radial direction of the cylindrical member, and a sleeve is connected to the end of the annular connecting rod protruding from the cylinder, The two pistons with teeth are placed in this sleeve, and a spring is arranged between the two pistons with teeth, and the inner convex teeth protruding from the position corresponding to the group of operation modules are set on the outer surface of the central axis. On the circular inner wall of the housing, there are protruding outer layer convex teeth at the position corresponding to the group of operation modules. The spring pushes the two pistons with teeth in the opposite direction, and the two pistons with teeth extend out of the cylinder and respectively abut against the cylinder. Lean on the inner layer convex teeth on the outer surface of the central shaft and the outer layer convex teeth on the inner wall of the shell.

The protruding end of the piston tooth is a wedge-shaped structure, and two smooth protrusions are provided on the side wall of the end of the cylinder. When the cylinder exhaust operation is about to end, the two smooth protrusions will respectively Simultaneously contact the inclined surfaces on the two piston teeth, and push the pair of piston teeth to retract until bypassing the inner layer convex teeth and the outer layer convex teeth.

The exhaust piston is reset by the piston return spring, one end of the piston return spring is against the bottom end of the cylinder, and the other end is against the sleeve. The arc-shaped guide core of the guide is also provided with an intake valve for the cylinder to intake air during reset on the exhaust piston.

The operation modules of each group correspond to a pair of inner convex teeth and a pair of outer convex teeth respectively, and the pair of inner convex teeth and a pair of outer convex teeth, a total of 4 convex teeth are located at the A convex tooth line along the radial direction of the central axis of the central axis.

The number of the operation module groups is not less than 8 groups, the convex tooth lines of each adjacent operation module maintain the same angle of sequential dislocation with the central axis as the axis, and the convex teeth of each adjacent operation module The sum of misalignment angles between the lines is π(rad), and the relative sliding arc between the exhaust piston (102) and the inner wall of the cylinder during one exhaust operation is smaller than π(rad).

The shell is a cylinder, and the shell is provided with a perforated hole connecting the air pressure inside the shell and the air pressure outside.

The winding shaft of the descending belt is supported on the central shaft through bearings.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The volume is small, suitable for use in various high-rise lifesaving environments; 2. The speed of slowing down has nothing to do with body weight, no need for different settings, and is suitable for lifesaving crowds of different weights; The damping mode of gas generation is safe and stable, and there is no hidden danger of slipping, improper occlusion or jamming that may occur due to sliding friction or gear occlusion; 4. The rescued person does not need to do any operation during the slow down process, which is simple and practical.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the external structure schematic diagram of descending device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the descending device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view in the descender of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a distribution layout diagram of the convex tooth lines of each operation module of the slow descender of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional view when cylinder is in rated exhaust state minimum air pressure in the descender of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the B-B sectional view when the air pressure in the cylinder exceeds the rated minimum air pressure in the slow descender of the present invention;

The marks in the above figures are: 1. Central axis; 2. Drop belt; 3. Drop belt outlet; 4. Hole; 6. Cylindrical piece; 7. Bearing; 8. Drop belt winding shaft; 91. Inner layer Convex teeth; 92, central shaft; 93, outer convex teeth; 94, shell; 101, cylinder; 1011, exhaust microhole; 1012, smooth protrusion; 102, exhaust piston; 1021, intake valve; 103, ring Connecting rod; 1031, connecting rod guide rail; 104, piston teeth; 1041, sleeve; 1042, spring; 105, piston return spring; 1051, guide core; 106, air pressure sensing valve; 1061, side ring; 10611, exhaust 10612, exhaust port boundary; 10613, upper line; 10614, lower line; 1062, air pressure sensor valve spring; 11, convex tooth line; 1101, convex tooth line of the first group of operation modules; 1102, second group of operations The convex tooth line of the module; 1103, the convex tooth line of the third group of operation modules; 1104, the convex tooth lines of the fourth group of operation modules; 1105, the convex tooth lines of the fifth group of operation modules; Convex tooth line; 1107. Convex tooth line of the seventh group of operation modules; 1108. Convex tooth line of the eighth group of operation modules; 1109. Convex tooth line of the ninth group of operation modules; 1110: Convex teeth of the tenth group of operation modules Wire.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it is a kind of high-rise life-saving descending device of the present invention, which includes a shell 94, a descending belt 2, a central axis 92 fixed inside the shell 94, and a center shaft 92 fixed inside the shell 94 and laterally supported on the The damping part that rotates on the central axis 92, the outer shell 94 is supported and fixed at a high place by the support device outside, one end of the descending belt 2 stretches out from the descending belt outlet 3 on the shell 94 and is bound on the human body, and the other end is wound on the damping belt. The damping output end of the component ensures that the descending belt 2 descends slowly through the damping effect of the damping component to realize the escape function. When used for escape, the descending device can be fixed on the supporting air-extending supporting device and used together with it to ensure that the descending device can extend out of the window into the air and be in a reliable support state during the descending operation. The support device protruding in the air can be fixed on the wall outside the window, or on the ceiling facing the window. When in use, it slides out of the window through the slideway parts and hangs in the air, but it should be ensured that it is still in a reliable support state. The immersion suit can be connected to the outside of the descent belt 2, and the immersion suit is designed according to the style of jumpsuit shorts. 2 and immersion suits are all made of soft materials that are wide and thin but have good toughness, strong load-bearing capacity, and good fire resistance. Before the slow descent, the escapee puts on the life jacket connected to the descent belt 2 and buckles the safety belts on the chest and waist, and then jumps off from the window. The slow descending device with the above structure is small in size and suitable for use in various high-rise lifesaving environments. The slow descending speed has nothing to do with body weight, no need for different settings, and is suitable for lifesaving people of different weights; the damping mode of the damping component is used, which is safe and stable , there are no hidden dangers such as slipping, improper occlusion or jamming that may occur due to sliding friction or gear occlusion; the rescued person does not need to do any operation during the slow down process, which is simple and practical.

Example 1

The damping component is used as the core operation part of the slow-down device to realize the slow-down function, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the damping part of the slow-down device in this embodiment can have the following structure:

The damping component includes a cylindrical piece 6 and a descending belt winding shaft 8 fixedly connected to both ends of the cylindrical piece 6. The cylindrical piece 6 is supported on the central shaft 92 through the descending belt winding shaft 8, and the descending belt 2 is wound on the descending belt winding shaft. 8, the inside of the cylindrical part 6 is divided into a plurality of arc-shaped cylinders 101 by the annular partition in the axial direction, and the cylinders 101 are roughly semi-arc-shaped, and the adjacent cylinders 101 are impenetrable to each other. The wall is provided with a plurality of exhaust microholes 1011 communicating with the external air pressure, and there is an exhaust piston 102 matched with it inside each cylinder 101, and each exhaust piston 102 is connected with an annular connecting rod 103, and each annular connecting rod 103 protrudes Stoppers are provided at the ends of the cylinders 101, and each cylinder 101, exhaust piston 102 and annular connecting rod 103 form a group of working modules. When the slow descender is working, the lowering belt 2 is pulled down to give the cylindrical member 6 a rotational driving force, and the stopper prevents the circular connecting rod 103 from moving at one end, so that the exhaust piston 102 remains stationary, and the cylinder 101 acts as the active part to make the exhaust piston 102 move. The gas piston 102 squeezes the gas in the cylinder 101, and the gas is discharged through the exhaust micropore 1011. During the exhaust process, an opposite damping force will be generated, thereby slowing down the descending speed of the descending belt 2, so that escapers can safely and slowly Descending, the exhaust velocity of the cylinder 101 determines the rotational angular velocity of the cylinder part 6, and also determines the slow-falling speed of the slow-falling device. The cylinders 101 contained in each working module of the descender are rigidly connected and overlap on the plane projection perpendicular to the central axis 1 .

Example 2

As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the exhaust microhole 1011 of the damping part in embodiment 1 is arranged on the outer cylinder wall near the rear of the cylinder 101, near the end of the cylinder 101 here, the exhaust micropore The hole 1011 is provided at this position to maximize the exhaust stroke of the cylinder 101. The air pressure sensing valve 106 that slides along the inner wall of the cylinder 101 is also provided in the cylinder 101 near the tail. head end, the other end opposite to the head end is the bottom end of the cylinder 101), the air pressure sensing valve 106 is nested on the inner wall of the cylinder 101 through the side ring 1061 on it, and the side ring 1061 is the pressure sensing valve 106 and the cylinder The inner wall of 101 closely fits the arc-shaped side wall, and the side ring 1061 makes the air pressure sensing valve 106 closely fit the inner wall of the cylinder 101 and can slide along the inner wall of the cylinder 101, and can also slide along the inner wall of the cylinder 101. Have exhaust port 10611. When the slow descender works, the air pressure in the cylinder 101 will change, and the air pressure sensing valve 106 will be pushed by the pressure to squeeze the air pressure sensing valve spring 1062 along with the change of the air pressure in the cylinder 101, so that the air pressure sensing valve 106 will slide along the inner wall of the cylinder 101, As the air pressure sensing valve 106 slides to different positions, the exhaust port 10611 on the side ring 1061 of the air pressure sensing valve 106 will coincide with different numbers of exhaust microholes 1011 on the cylinder wall of the cylinder 101, so that a part of the exhaust micropores The hole 1011 is covered by the side ring 1061 of the air pressure sensing valve 106, and the remaining exhaust microholes 1011 are connected to the external air pressure through the exhaust port 10611, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, and Figure 5 shows that the cylinder 101 is at the rated The sectional view of the minimum air pressure in the exhaust state. At this time, the exhaust micropores 1011 all participate in the exhaust work. Figure 6 shows the sectional view when the air pressure in the cylinder 101 exceeds the rated minimum air pressure. A small part of exhaust micropores 1011 overlapped by 10611 participate in the exhaust work. When the air pressure in the cylinder 101 changes, the exhaust port 10611 on the side ring 1061 of the air pressure sensing valve 106 coincides with the exhaust micropores 1011 in different ranges on the wall of the cylinder 101, that is, the exhaust port 10611 on the side ring 1061 of the air pressure sensing valve 106. The position of the air port 10611 determines the number of exhaust microholes 1011 participating in the exhaust operation; the reasonable distribution of the number of exhaust microholes 1011 on the wall of the cylinder 101 along the sliding direction of the exhaust port 10611 can be determined through scientific methods, so that the air pressure in the cylinder 101 can be realized at When changing within the rated range, the number of exhaust microholes 1011 participating in the exhaust operation is inversely proportional to the exhaust velocity of a single exhaust microhole 1011, so as to keep the exhaust velocity of the cylinder 101 constant; The rotational angular velocity of the descending device is not changed by the external driving force of the descending device and remains constant, so as to achieve the purpose of descending at a uniform speed of the descending device, so that the escapers can land smoothly.

In order to realize that the exhaust velocity of the cylinder 101 remains constant without changing the air pressure in the cylinder 101 during exhaust, it is necessary to reasonably determine the number distribution of the exhaust micropores 1011 on the cylinder wall of the cylinder 101 . The distribution of the exhaust microholes 1011 on the cylinder wall of the cylinder 101 is set according to experimental data. First, the winding radius of the preset descending belt 2 is r, and the rated descending speed of the preset descending belt 2 is v, Then the rated rotational angular velocity of the cylindrical member 6 is It is preset that the arc that the exhaust piston 102 undergoes relative sliding with the cylinder wall of the cylinder 101 during a complete exhaust of the cylinder 101 is w (rad), and the exhaust microhole 1011 is a circle with a diameter of about 1mm hole; except for the following requirements, the experimental cylinder is consistent with the cylinder 101 of this slow descender: the experimental cylinder requires that the exhaust micro-hole 1011 has not been opened and although the air pressure sensor valve 106 is provided with the exhaust port, the exhaust is preset. The port 10611 is at the position of the upper line 10613 of the air pressure sensing valve side ring 1061 without preset the position of the lower line 10614 of the exhaust port 10611; then the specific experimental data and derivation results are determined through the following steps:

The first step: an experimental exhaust microhole is opened on the cylinder wall near the tail of the experimental cylinder;

Step 2: When the air pressure in the experimental cylinder in the exhaust state is set to p ₁ , p ₂ , p ₃ , ..., p _n respectively, measure the exhaust microholes used in the experiment in a complete exhaust operation The exhaust times used correspond to t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₃ , ..., t _n respectively, where p ₁ and p _n are respectively the minimum rated air pressure and the maximum rated air pressure of the experimental cylinder during the preset slow-down operation;

Step 3: When the air pressure in the experimental cylinder in the exhaust state is set to p ₁ , p ₂ , p ₃ , ..., p _n respectively, measure the exhaust port of the exhaust port 10611 on the air pressure sensing valve 106 The upper edge 10613 of the boundary 10612 corresponds to the position respectively, and record the coordinates of the upper edge 10613 of the exhaust port boundary 10612 as x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ , ..., x _n along the arc path with the natural coordinate method;

Step 4: Determine the lower line 10614 of the exhaust port boundary 10612 according to the above experimental data: when the air pressure in the cylinder used for the experiment is _p1 , the position coordinates corresponding to the lower line 10614 of the exhaust port boundary 10612 of the exhaust port 10611 should be Below x _n, record its coordinates as x _N , the cylinder wall of the cylinder between x _N and x _n is subject to just being able to arrange a row of exhaust microholes 1011; The arc length is x _N -x ₁ ; at the same time, the arc length between the upper edge 10613 of the exhaust port boundary 10612 and the upper edge of the side ring 1061 is greater than x _N -x ₁ , that is, the side ring 1061 must be able to completely cover all Exhaust microholes 1011;

Step 5: According to the above data, the number of exhaust microholes 1011 should be set on the cylinder wall of the cylinder 101: All are between _x1 and _xN coordinates; wherein the number of exhaust microholes 1011 between _x1 and _x2 coordinates is: The number of exhaust microholes 1011 between _x2 and _x3 coordinates is: The number of exhaust microholes 1011 between the x _u and x _z coordinates is: u≤z≤n, and u and z take positive integers, the number of exhaust microholes 1011 between x _n and x _N coordinates is:

Example 3

As shown in Figure 3, the stopper of the damping component can be two piston teeth 104 arranged radially along the cylindrical member 6, and a sleeve 1041 is connected to the end of the annular connecting rod 103 protruding from the cylinder 101, The piston teeth 104 are placed in the sleeve 1041, and a spring 1042 is also provided between the two piston teeth 104. On the outer surface of the central axis 92, there are protruding inner layer convex teeth 91, and on the inner wall of the shell 94 The protruding outer layer convex teeth 93 are provided on the top, and the spring 1042 pushes the two pistons with teeth 104 in the opposite direction, and the two pistons with teeth 104 protrude from the cylinder 6 and abut against the inner teeth on the outer surface of the central shaft 92 respectively. On the layer convex teeth 91 and on the outer layer convex teeth 93 on the inner wall of the housing 94 . During the slow down operation, a pair of piston teeth 104 in the sleeve 1041 rigidly connected with the annular connecting rod 103 is blocked by an inner convex tooth 91 and an outer convex tooth 93, so that the exhaust piston 102 remains in place. move.

The technical solution of this embodiment is applicable to the descent device of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

Example 4

As shown in Figure 3, the protruding end of the piston tooth 104 of the stopper is a wedge-shaped structure, and the end of the piston tooth 104 facing the exhaust piston 102 is an inclined surface, correspondingly on the head end side of the cylinder 101. There are two smooth protrusions 1012 on the wall protruding toward the outside of the cylinder 101 along the circumferential direction of the cylinder 101. When the exhaust operation of the cylinder 101 is about to end, the two smooth protrusions 1012 will respectively touch the inclined surfaces on the two piston teeth 104 at the same time. position, the pair of piston teeth 104 are retracted by squeezing to stop contact with the inner convex teeth 91 and the outer convex teeth 93, and the convex teeth no longer block the piston teeth 104 until the inner convex teeth 91 are bypassed. and the outer convex teeth 93, the exhaust operation of this round is completed, the exhaust piston 102 and related components enter the reset state, the gas re-enters the cylinder 101, and the spring 1042 can ensure that the piston and the teeth 104 are stretched out during the reset process. To make it contact with the convex teeth and generate damping during the next exhaust; after the reset of the exhaust piston 102 and related components is completed, the piston connecting teeth 104 will contact the convex teeth again with the rotation of the cylindrical member 6 and generate damping so that Entering the next exhaust operation of the cylinder 101; the convex teeth involved in the damping operation in the two adjacent exhaust operations of the cylinder 101 must be rotated; through the interaction between the piston tooth 104 and the smooth protrusion 1012, the damping part can continue The damping force is continuously generated to ensure the continuity of the descending operation, so that the descending device is not limited by the height of use.

The technical solution of this embodiment is applicable to the descent device of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

Example 5

As shown in Figure 3, the exhaust piston 102 of the damping component is reset by the piston return spring 105. One end of the piston return spring 105 is pressed against the bottom end of the cylinder 101, and the other end is pressed against the sleeve 1041. An arc-shaped guide core 1051 is provided to guide the piston return spring 105. The guide core 1051 ensures that the piston return spring 105 can be stretched along a certain track when the exhaust piston 102 is performing exhaust operation and reset operation. and shrink. An annular connecting rod guide rail 1031 is also provided in the cylindrical member 6 to ensure that the components such as the exhaust piston 102, the annular connecting rod 103, and the piston tooth 104 generate pressure on the inner wall of the cylinder 101 along a certain track during the exhaust operation and reset operation. Relative displacement. There are two guide cores 1051 located on two sides of the connecting rod guide rail 1031 respectively. The piston tooth 104 and the sleeve 1041 are provided with holes for the guide core 1051 to pass through, and the size of the holes shall not affect the operation of related components. The exhaust piston 102 is also provided with an intake valve 1021 for the cylinder 101 to take in air during reset. When the reset operation is performed, the intake valve 1021 on the exhaust piston 102 is opened to allow the gas to quickly enter the cylinder 101.

The technical solution of this embodiment is applicable to the descent device of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

Example 6

As shown in FIG. 3 , there are two inner layer convex teeth 91 corresponding to each group of operation modules that are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the central axis 92 , and two outer layer convex teeth 93 that are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the housing 94 . That is, each group of operation modules corresponds to a pair of inner layer convex teeth 91 and a pair of outer layer convex teeth 93, a pair of inner layer convex teeth 91 and a pair of outer layer convex teeth 93, a total of 4 convex teeth are located at the center of the axis 92. A straight line along the radial direction of the central axis 92——on the convex tooth line 11 of the group of operating modules.

In order to ensure the continuity and stability of the slow-down operation, at any time, try to keep more groups of operation modules participating in the exhaust operation, fewer groups of operation modules participating in the ventilation reset operation, and the operation rotation rhythm is uniform; this can be achieved through relative The convex tooth lines 11 of the adjacent operation modules (the operation modules at both ends are also adjacent modules) maintain the same angle of sequential dislocation with the central axis 1 as the axis, and the sum of the misalignment angles of the convex tooth lines 11 of all adjacent operation modules π(rad), and rationally design the maximum circle center angle experienced by the relative sliding in the cylinder 101 when the exhaust piston 102 is exhausted; Figure 4 is the convex tooth line 11 of each operation module (a total of ten groups of operation modules) Arrangement diagram, with the central axis 1 as the axis, from one end to the other end are the convex tooth line 1101 of the first group of operation modules, the convex tooth line 1102 of the second group of operation modules, and the convex tooth line of the third group of operation modules 1103, the convex tooth line 1104 of the fourth group of operation modules, the convex tooth line 1105 of the fifth group of operation modules, the convex tooth line 1106 of the sixth group of operation modules, the convex tooth line 1107 of the seventh group of operation modules, the eighth group of operation The convex tooth line 1108 of the module, the convex tooth line 1109 of the ninth group of operation modules, the convex tooth line 1110 of the tenth group of operation modules, and the convex tooth lines 11 of the adjacent operation modules keep Sequential misalignment of angles.

The number of operating module groups is not less than 8; on the premise that the manufacturing accuracy of the descender satisfies the normal operation of the corresponding parts of the descender, the size and angle design of the cylinder 101, the annular connecting rod 103 and the connecting rod guide rail 1031 should make the exhaust The relative sliding arc between the piston 102 and the inner wall of the cylinder 101 in a round of exhaust should be as large as possible, but smaller than π (rad), so as to ensure that as many groups of operating modules as possible are kept in the exhaust operation at any time and at most there are as few as possible The group operation modules are in the reset operation, that is, when the slow down has just started or the operation status of the operation modules is intermittently switched, the sudden boost pressure is shared by the multiple groups of operation modules in the exhaust operation in a certain proportion, thus reducing the pressure caused by the sudden boost. The strong gas compression in the cylinder 101 has a pulsating effect on the rotational speed of the rotating device. Compared with only 2 sets of operating modules, a larger number of operating modules will significantly reduce the pulse-like fluctuation of the speed and increase the frequency of the pulse-like fluctuation of the speed. , when the number of operating module groups is large and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the inner walls of all the cylinders 101 is relatively large, the rotating device will be in a satisfactory state of relatively uniform rotation. Finally, the following data analysis is given:

Assuming that the descender has 10 groups of operation modules, and in the calculation, for the sake of simplicity, there are 9 groups of operation modules exhausted at any time and 1 group of operation modules is reset; The load-bearing force at this time is 100 kg force and the load-bearing force is applied to the gas in the cylinder 101 by the exhaust piston 102 through conduction.

It is assumed that the sudden boost at the beginning of the slow descent causes the gas in the first compressed cylinder 101 to be compressed to m ^* /9 of the maximum volume of the cylinder 101. then there is

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; arg</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 20</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 200</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1000</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>$

It is obtained that m ^* is bounded between 3 and 2, indicating that 7 cylinders 101 are compressed when the force is balanced. Assuming that the radius of rotation of the midpoint of the exhaust piston 102 is 13 centimeters, then the line distance passed by the midpoint of the piston (that is, the distance of the sudden drop of the descending zone 2) at the beginning of the slow down and the sudden pressure increase is at most centimeter. This sudden drop distance will not cause harm to the human body, nor will it cause damage to the descending device due to a huge momentum.

The intermittent operation state transition of the operation module will also cause the pressure of the gas in each of the cylinders 101 in the exhaust operation to increase suddenly, so that the 8 cylinders 101 that were originally in the exhaust state and continued to exhaust and 1 newly added exhaust cylinder 101 co-surge pressure Newton, the total pressure increased from 2689 Newton to 2800 Newton. Assume that the gas volume in each cylinder 101 in the exhaust operation is reduced by e/9 of the maximum volume of the cylinder 101 due to sudden pressure increase due to this reason, then e can be solved according to the following formula:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 200</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 200</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}}\\ \frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 311</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 311</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8</span>}}\\ \frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 311</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 311</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7</span>}}\\ <span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\\ \frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 311</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 311</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}\\ {\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 111</span>}\end{array}\right.$

It can be solved that e=0.1983, indicating that the distance of the sudden drop of the descending zone 2 does not exceed centimeters, the effect on the uniform descent is negligible.

The technical solution of this embodiment is applicable to the descent device of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

Example 7

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , the shell 94 is a cylinder as a whole, and the shell 94 is provided with a perforated hole 4 that communicates the internal air pressure of the shell 94 with the external air pressure and can be used for heat dissipation.

The technical solution of this embodiment is applicable to the descent device of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

Example 8

As shown in FIG. 3 , the descending tape winding shaft 8 is supported on the central shaft 92 through the bearing 7 to reduce the friction between the descending tape winding shaft 8 and the central shaft 92 .

The technical solution of this embodiment is applicable to the descent device of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

The present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods, as long as various insubstantial improvements are adopted in the method concept and technical solutions of the present invention, or there is no improvement Directly applying the conception and technical solutions of the present invention to other occasions falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a high building lifesaving slow falling apparatus, it is characterized in that: described descending lifeline comprises shell (94), decline band (2), is fixedly located at the inner axis (92) of shell (94) and is located at the inner damped part that also cross-brace is above rotated at axis (92) of shell (94), shell (94) is supported and fixed on eminence in outside by bracing or strutting arrangement, decline and be with the one end of (2) to stretch out and be strapped in human body in shell (94), the other end is wound on the damping output of damped part;

Described damped part comprises cylindrical element (6) and is fixedly connected on the decline band winding axle (8) at cylindrical element (6) two ends, cylindrical element (6) is with winding axle (8) to be supported on described axis (92) by decline, described decline band (2) is wound on the band that declines and is wound around on axle (8), the inside of cylindrical element (6) is divided into the cylinder (101) of multiple circular arcs vertically, on the casing wall of each cylinder (101), be provided with the multiple exhaust capillaries (1011) that are communicated with external pressure, there is the exhaust pition (102) being mated in each cylinder (101) inside, each exhaust pition (102) is connected with annular connecting rod (103), the end of stretching out cylinder (101) of each annular connecting rod (103) is provided with retainer, each cylinder (101), exhaust pition (102) and annular connecting rod (103) form a group job module,

Described exhaust capillary (1011) is located at leaning on caudal casing wall of described cylinder (101).

2. high building lifesaving slow falling apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described cylinder (101), be also provided with by caudal position the air pressure Inductance valve (106) sliding along cylinder (101) inwall, air pressure Inductance valve (106) is connected with the bottom of cylinder (101) by elastic component, air pressure Inductance valve (106) is nested by the side ring on it (1061) and cylinder inner wall, the circular arc sidewall that side ring (1061) fits tightly for the inwall with cylinder (101) on air pressure Inductance valve (106), on side ring (1061), be provided with exhaust outlet (10611), in the time that cylinder (101) internal gas pressure changes, air pressure Inductance valve (106) can slide along cylinder (101) inwall thereupon, along with air pressure Inductance valve (106) slides into different positions, exhaust outlet (10611) on side ring (1061) can overlap with the exhaust capillary (1011) of varying number on the casing wall of cylinder (101), a part of exhaust capillary (1011) is covered in by the side ring of air pressure Inductance valve (106) (1061), remaining exhaust capillary (1011) is communicated with external pressure by exhaust outlet (10611).

3. high building lifesaving slow falling apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the distribution of described exhaust capillary (1011) on the casing wall of described cylinder (101) set according to experimental data, first, the winding radius of default described decline band (2) is r, the default specified decrease speed that declines band (2) is v, and the specified rotational angular velocity of described cylindrical element (6) is ; It is w(rad that default described exhaust pition (102) produces with the casing wall of cylinder (101) radian that relative sliding experiences in to an integral vent gas of cylinder (101)), exhaust capillary (1011) for aperture be the circular port about 1mm; Experiment require not yet to offer exhaust capillary (1011) with cylinder though and on side ring (1061), offer exhaust outlet (10611) but first in the position of exhaust outlet border (10612) upper sideline (10613) of side ring (1061) and the not position of the lower sideline (10614) on default exhaust outlet border (10612) of default exhaust outlet (10611);

Concrete experimental data and derivation result are determined by following step:

The first step: offer an experiment exhaust capillary with cylinder by caudal casing wall in experiment;

Second step: the experiment of setting in the time of exhaust condition is respectively p with the air pressure in cylinder ₁, p ₂, p ₃..., p _ntime, experiments of measuring corresponds to respectively t by exhaust capillary evacuation time used in an integral vent gas operation ₁, t ₂, t ₃..., t _n, wherein p ₁, p _nbe respectively the default slow specified air pressure of minimum and the maximum rated air pressure of cylinder while falling operation;

The 3rd step: the experiment of setting in the time of exhaust condition is respectively p with cylinder internal gas pressure ₁, p ₂, p ₃..., p _ntime, measure the position corresponding to upper sideline (10613) difference on the exhaust outlet border (10612) of the exhaust outlet (10611) on air pressure Inductance valve (106), and the coordinate that records the upper sideline (10613) of exhaust outlet border (10612) with Natural Coordinates Method along arc path is respectively x ₁, x ₂, x ₃..., x _n;

The 4th step: the lower sideline (10614) of determining exhaust outlet border (10612) according to above experimental data: when cylinder (101) internal gas pressure is p ₁time exhaust outlet border (10612) position coordinates corresponding to lower sideline (10614) should be at x _nunder and remember that its coordinate is x _n, x _nwith x _nbetween the casing wall of cylinder (101) be as the criterion be able to arrange several rows of gas micropore (1011); Arc length between the upper and lower sideline of exhaust outlet (10611) is x thus _n-x ₁; The upper sideline (10613) of simultaneously setting exhaust outlet border (10612) is greater than x apart from the arc length of the top edge of side ring (1061) _n-x ₁;

The 5th step: draw according to above data: should be provided with exhaust capillary (1011) number on the casing wall of cylinder (101) is: , all in x ₁and x _nbetween coordinate; Wherein in x ₁and x ₂exhaust capillary (1011) number between coordinate is: , in x ₂and x ₃the number of the exhaust capillary (1011) between coordinate is: , in x _uand x _zthe number of the exhaust capillary (1011) between coordinate is: , , and get positive integer, in x _nand x _nthe number of the exhaust capillary (1011) between coordinate is: .

4. high building lifesaving slow falling apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in operation module described in each group, described retainer is to connect tooth (104) along two pistons that radially arrange of described cylindrical element (6), the end of stretching out cylinder (101) at described annular connecting rod (103) is connected with a sleeve (1041), two-piston connects tooth (104) and is placed in this sleeve (1041), connect and between tooth (104), be also provided with spring (1042) at two-piston, on the outer surface of described axis (92), position that should group job module is provided with to the internal layer double wedge (91) stretching out, on the circular inner wall of described shell (94), position that should group job module is provided with to the outer double wedge (93) stretching out, two-piston is connected tooth (104) by spring (1042) to be promoted in the opposite direction, two-piston connects tooth (104) and stretches out cylindrical element (6) and be resisted against respectively on the outer double wedge (93) on the inwall of the upper and shell (94) of internal layer double wedge (91) on the outer surface of axis (92).

5. high building lifesaving slow falling apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the end of stretching out that described piston connects tooth (104) is wedge structure, in the end sidewalls of described cylinder (101), be provided with two round and smooth projections (1012) of stretching out, in the time that cylinder (101) exhaust operation finishes soon, two round and smooth projections (1012) can be touched respectively two pistons simultaneously and be connected the inclined plane on tooth (104), impel this to connect tooth (104) to piston bounce back until walk around described internal layer double wedge (91) and outer double wedge (93) by extruding.

6. high building lifesaving slow falling apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described exhaust pition (102) resets by piston reset spring (105), piston reset spring (105) one end is against on the bottom of described cylinder (101), the other end is against on described sleeve (1041), what in described cylindrical element (6), be provided with circular arc that piston reset spring (105) is led leads core (1051), is also provided with the intake valve (1021) for cylinder (101) air inlet in reset on exhaust pition (102).

7. high building lifesaving slow falling apparatus according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: respectively organize described operation module respectively to having a pair of described internal layer double wedge (91) and a pair of described outer double wedge (93), described a pair of internal layer double wedge (91) and pair of outer layer double wedge (93) totally 4 double wedges be all positioned at described axis (92) axle center along on axis (92) double wedge line (11) radially.

8. high building lifesaving slow falling apparatus according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described operation module group number is no less than 8 groups, the described double wedge line (11) of each adjacent operation module keeps the dislocation in turn with angle taking the central axis (1) of described shell (94) as axle center, and dislocation angle sum between the described double wedge line (11) of each adjacent operation module is ; Described exhaust pition (102) is less than with the radian of cylinder inner wall generation relative sliding in an exhaust operation .

9. high building lifesaving slow falling apparatus according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described shell (94) is cylinder, on shell (94), be provided be communicated with shell (94) air pressure inside and external pressure engrave hole (4); Described decline band is wound around axle (8) and is supported on described axis (92) by bearing (7).