CN102668902B - 一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法 - Google Patents
一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102668902B CN102668902B CN 201210191828 CN201210191828A CN102668902B CN 102668902 B CN102668902 B CN 102668902B CN 201210191828 CN201210191828 CN 201210191828 CN 201210191828 A CN201210191828 A CN 201210191828A CN 102668902 B CN102668902 B CN 102668902B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- compost
- potted
- plant container
- disease
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000000034 soilborne pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000233639 Pythium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009309 intensive farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法。本发明首先准备需要评价的腐熟堆肥;在土壤温度相对稳定3~5天的条件下,测定土传病害根腐病在土壤中的背景值ICK;采集0~20cm土层土壤,在土壤中添加腐熟堆肥,恒温20~25℃放置k天;计算土壤根腐病发病率Im,并计算第m次取出盆栽容器的土壤根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm;对k+1个IRm数据分析后获得短期波动特征来评价堆肥对土壤土传病害抑制能力。本发明有利于促进堆肥质量提高、保护土壤生态系统平衡,特别是温室土壤,为一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的有效方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物环保技术领域,涉及一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法。
背景技术
在集约化耕作、频繁轮作的农业体系下,土壤健康受到极大压力,肥力降低、病害严重、生态系统自身恢复力差。施用腐熟堆肥可明显抑制或降低土传病害的发病率,堆肥通过自身包含的拮抗微生物或增加土壤碳、氮等养分、促进微生物的生长和种群多样性,来抵抗土传病害并降低其发病率。因此,对土传病害的抑制能力已成为评价堆肥品质的重要参数。
目前,对于堆肥的品质人们主要关注堆肥的腐熟度,而对堆肥抗病虫害能力关注不多,专门用来评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法很少,大多是将堆肥投加进土壤后观察发病情况,或者利用生物学技术分析堆肥中拮抗微生物的数量。实际上,这并不能很好地说明堆肥对土传病害的抑制能力,由于土壤中一些病菌对土壤碳、氮的响应很迅速,堆肥施入后生源要素含量显著增加,病菌会在短期内与土壤微生物竞争新鲜有机质,进而影响堆肥对土传病菌的抑制能力。当土壤微生物快速繁殖、活性增强时,土传病菌的发病率降低;当土壤微环境暂时缺氧、微生物逐渐死亡、数量降低时,土传病菌的发病率升高;当氧气重新达到充足状态且微生物残体成为新的营养源时,微生物又立即快速繁殖,土传病菌的发病率又降低,如此重复,直到稳定。可见,土传病原菌的发病率在堆肥施用后呈短期波动变化。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法。
本发明方法的具体步骤是:
步骤(1).准备需要评价的腐熟堆肥;
所述的腐熟堆肥的腐熟要求是:外观呈茶褐色或者暗黑色、呈现疏松团粒结构、无恶臭,碳氮比低于15;
步骤(2).在土壤温度相对稳定3~5天的条件下,测定土传病害根腐病(Pythium)在土壤中的背景值,测定方法为将土壤装入n个盆栽容器中,在每个盆栽容器土壤表面播种S颗黄瓜种子,S=20~40,每隔2~3天浇一次水,14天后观测未出苗数与倒苗数,并计算土壤根腐病发病率的背景值I CK,
I CKi=(未出苗数CKi +倒苗数CKi)/ S×100﹪,
其中i为第i个盆栽容器,则I CK=∑I CKi/n;
步骤(3).采集0~20cm土层土壤,在土壤中添加腐熟堆肥,添加量为土壤干重的1﹪(w/w),混合均匀后分别装入各盆栽容器中,恒温20~25℃放置k天;
步骤(4).土壤与腐熟堆肥混合后立即取出1组盆栽容器(第0天),以后每间隔24小时再取出1组盆栽容器;每次取出盆栽容器后,每盆盆栽容器中播种 S′颗黄瓜种子到土壤表面,S′=20~40,14天后观察未出苗数与倒苗数,并计算土壤根腐病发病率Im,每组盆栽容器为3个盆栽容器;
I mj=(未出苗数mj +倒苗数mj)/ S′×100﹪,
其中m为第m次取出盆栽容器、j为第j组盆栽容器,则Im=∑I mj/3;
步骤(5).计算腐熟堆肥施入后第m次取出盆栽容器的土壤根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm,即IRm=Im/ICK,对 k+1个IRm数据分析后获得短期波动特征来评价堆肥对土壤土传病害抑制能力,评价方法如下:
a. 如果小于1的IRm数值有大于k/2个,波动周期规律、每个波动幅度相似或逐渐降低,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力强、土壤健康程度高;
b. 如果小于1的IRm数值有大于k/2个,但波动周期不规律、波动幅度不稳定,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力强、但土壤健康程度低;
c. 如果小于1的IRm数值有小于等于k/2个,波动周期规律、每个波动幅度相似或逐渐降低,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力弱、土壤健康程度高;
d. 如果小于1的IRm数值有小于等于k/2个,波动周期不规律、波动幅度不稳定,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力弱、土壤健康程度低。
本发明所具有的有益效果:
本发明利用土壤生态学理论,通过考察腐熟堆肥施用后土传病原菌发病率的短期波动特征来评价堆肥对土传病害的抑制能力,有利于保护土壤健康、提高堆肥质量。
本发明通过动态监测腐熟堆肥施入后土壤中土传病原菌发病率的短期波动变化,并分析短期波动特征来判断堆肥对土传病害的抑制能力,这有利于促进堆肥质量提高、保护土壤生态系统平衡,特别是温室土壤,为一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的有效方法。
附图说明
图1是牛粪堆肥施入土壤后根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm随时间的短期变化示意图;
图2是绿肥施入土壤后根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm随时间的短期变化示意图;
图3是污泥堆肥分别施入休耕土壤后根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm随时间的短期变化示意图;
图4是污泥堆肥分别施入轮作土壤后根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm随时间的短期变化示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
评价堆肥为牛粪与稻草好氧堆置而成的牛粪堆肥,土壤取自常年施用有机肥、连作玉米的农田。在土壤温度相对稳定3天的条件下,将土壤装入3盆0.6L的盆栽容器中,在每盆盆栽容器土壤表面播种20颗黄瓜种子,每隔60小时浇一次水,14天后观测未出苗数CK与倒苗数CK,计算土壤根腐病发病率背景值的平均值I CK=15.6﹪;
采集0~20cm土层土壤,在土壤中添加腐熟牛粪堆肥,添加量为土壤干重的1﹪(w/w),混合均匀后分别装入多盆0.6L的盆栽容器中,温室中恒温20℃放置20天;
从第0天开始(土壤与腐熟堆肥混合当天)每天取1组盆栽容器,每组盆栽容器为3个盆栽容器,将20颗黄瓜种子播种到土壤表面,14天后观察未出苗数与倒苗数,计算土壤根腐病发病率Im及土壤根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm;
如图1所示,0~20天的IRm数据中小于1的IRm数值有17个,波动周期规律为4~5天,波动幅度随时间逐渐降低,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力强、该土壤的健康程度高。
实施例2:
评价堆肥为水稻秸秆好氧堆置成的绿肥,土壤为常年以化肥为基肥,复合肥为追肥的水稻土。在土壤温度相对稳定4天的条件下,将土壤装入3盆0.6L的盆栽容器中,在土壤表面播种30颗黄瓜种子,每隔2天浇一次水,14天后观测未出苗数CK与倒苗数CK,计算土壤根腐病发病率背景值的平均值I CK=22.2﹪;
采集0~20cm土层土壤,在土壤中添加腐熟绿肥,添加量为土壤干重的1﹪(w/w),混合均匀后分别装入若干0.6L的盆栽容器中,温室中恒温23℃放置20天;
从第0天开始(土壤与腐熟堆肥混合当天)每天取1组盆栽容器,每组盆栽容器为3个盆栽容器,将30颗黄瓜种子播种到土壤表面,14天后观察未出苗数与倒苗数,计算土壤根腐病发病率I m及土壤根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm;
如图2所示,0~20天的IRm数据中小于1的IRm数值有14个,但波动周期不规律、波动幅度不稳定,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力强、但该土壤健康程度低。
实施例3:
评价堆肥为污水污泥与木屑好氧堆置成的污泥堆肥,土壤为休耕1年的土壤(休耕前黄瓜-辣椒-叶菜轮作。在土壤温度相对稳定5天的条件下,将土壤装入3盆0.6L的盆栽容器中,在土壤表面播种40颗黄瓜种子,每隔2天浇一次水,14天后观测未出苗数CK与倒苗数CK,计算休耕土壤根腐病发病率背景值的平均值I CK为8.9﹪;
采集0~20cm土层土壤,在土壤中添加腐熟污泥堆肥,添加量为土壤干重的1﹪(w/w),混合均匀后分别装入若干0.6L的盆栽容器中,温室中恒温25℃放置20天;
从第0天开始(土壤与腐熟堆肥混合当天)每天取1组盆栽容器,每组盆栽容器为3个盆栽容器,将40颗黄瓜种子播种到土壤表面,14天后观察休耕土壤与轮作土壤中的未出苗数与倒苗数,计算土壤根腐病发病率I m以及土壤根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm;
如图3所示,对于休耕土壤,0~20天的IRm数据中小于1的IRm数值有9个,波动周期规律为4~5天,波动幅度随时间逐渐降低,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力弱、但该土壤健康程度较高。
实施例4:
评价堆肥为污水污泥与木屑好氧堆置成的污泥堆肥,土壤为黄瓜-辣椒-叶菜轮作的土壤。在土壤温度相对稳定5天的条件下,将土壤装入3盆0.6L的盆栽容器中,在土壤表面播种40颗黄瓜种子,每隔2天浇一次水,14天后观测未出苗数CK与倒苗数CK,计算轮作土壤根腐病发病率背景值的平均值I CK为18.9﹪;
采集0~20cm土层土壤,在土壤中添加腐熟污泥堆肥,添加量为土壤干重的1﹪(w/w),混合均匀后分别装入若干0.6L的盆栽容器中,温室中恒温25℃放置20天;
从第0天开始(土壤与腐熟堆肥混合当天)每天取1组盆栽容器,每组盆栽容器为3个盆栽容器,将40颗黄瓜种子播种到土壤表面,14天后观察轮作土壤中的未出苗数与倒苗数,计算土壤根腐病发病率I m以及土壤根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm;
如图4所示,对于轮作土壤,0~20天的IRm数据中小于1的IRm数值有7个,但波动周期不规律、波动幅度不稳定,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力弱、该土壤健康程度较低。
Claims (1)
1. 一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法,其特征在于该方法的具体步骤是:
步骤(1).准备需要评价的腐熟堆肥;
所述的腐熟堆肥的腐熟要求是:外观呈茶褐色或者暗黑色、呈现疏松团粒结构、无恶臭,碳氮比低于15;
步骤(2).在土壤温度相对稳定3~5天的条件下,测定土传病害根腐病在土壤中的背景值,测定方法为将土壤装入n个盆栽容器中,在每个盆栽容器土壤表面播种S颗黄瓜种子,S=20~40,每隔2~3天浇一次水,14天后观测未出苗数与倒苗数,并计算土壤根腐病发病率的背景值I CK,
I CKi=(未出苗数CKi +倒苗数CKi)/ S×100﹪,
其中i为第i个盆栽容器,则I CK=∑I CKi/n;
步骤(3).采集0~20cm土层土壤,在土壤中添加腐熟堆肥,添加量为土壤干重的1﹪,混合均匀后分别装入各盆栽容器中,恒温20~25℃放置k天;
步骤(4).土壤与腐熟堆肥混合后立即取出1组盆栽容器,以后每间隔24小时再取出1组盆栽容器;每次取出盆栽容器后,每盆盆栽容器中播种 S′颗黄瓜种子到土壤表面,S′=20~40,14天后观察未出苗数与倒苗数,并计算土壤根腐病发病率Im,每组盆栽容器为3个盆栽容器;
I mj=(未出苗数mj +倒苗数mj)/ S′×100﹪,
其中m为第m次取出盆栽容器、j为第j组盆栽容器,则Im=∑I mj/3;
步骤(5).计算腐熟堆肥施入后第m次取出盆栽容器的土壤根腐病发病率与背景值的比值IRm,,即IRm=Im/ICK,对 k+1个IRm数据分析后获得短期波动特征来评价堆肥对土壤土传病害抑制能力,评价方法如下:
a. 如果小于1的IRm数值有大于k/2个,波动周期规律、每个波动幅度相似或逐渐降低,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力强、土壤健康程度高;
b. 如果小于1的IRm数值有大于k/2个,但波动周期不规律、波动幅度不稳定,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力强、但土壤健康程度低;
c. 如果小于1的IRm数值有小于等于k/2个,波动周期规律、每个波动幅度相似或逐渐降低,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力弱、土壤健康程度高;
d. 如果小于1的IRm数值有小于等于k/2个,波动周期不规律、波动幅度不稳定,表明堆肥对土壤土传病害的抑制能力弱、土壤健康程度低。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN 201210191828 CN102668902B (zh) | 2012-06-12 | 2012-06-12 | 一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN 201210191828 CN102668902B (zh) | 2012-06-12 | 2012-06-12 | 一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102668902A CN102668902A (zh) | 2012-09-19 |
CN102668902B true CN102668902B (zh) | 2013-07-17 |
Family
ID=46801997
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN 201210191828 Expired - Fee Related CN102668902B (zh) | 2012-06-12 | 2012-06-12 | 一种评价堆肥对土传病害抑制能力的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN102668902B (zh) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2801164B2 (ja) * | 1995-09-25 | 1998-09-21 | 茨城県 | ハクサイ土壌病害抑制能を有する根面菌、同根面菌の製造方法及びハクサイ土壌病害抑制方法 |
RU2196419C2 (ru) * | 2000-12-14 | 2003-01-20 | Федотов Геннадий Николаевич | Способ оценки почвы для сельскохозяйственного использования, например в теплицах |
BRPI0916640A2 (pt) * | 2008-07-25 | 2019-09-24 | The Ohio State University Research Foundation | composição, cultura biologicamento pura de uma cepa bacteriana, e, métodos para controlar o crescimento de um fungo patogênico de planta, e para o isolamento de bactérias novas. |
JP4892583B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-03 | 2012-03-07 | 住友林業株式会社 | ピシウム属菌に対する拮抗微生物の検出方法、該拮抗微生物およびそれを用いた土壌病害防除剤 |
CN101769867A (zh) * | 2010-01-08 | 2010-07-07 | 中国农业大学 | 一种堆肥产品品质的无损检测方法 |
CN102165865B (zh) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-10-03 | 华南农业大学 | 一种利用本土蔬菜种子测定城市污泥有机肥腐熟度的方法 |
-
2012
- 2012-06-12 CN CN 201210191828 patent/CN102668902B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102668902A (zh) | 2012-09-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Kundu et al. | Carbon sequestration and relationship between carbon addition and storage under rainfed soybean–wheat rotation in a sandy loam soil of the Indian Himalayas | |
Bhatt et al. | Sustainability issues on rice–wheat cropping system | |
Monaco et al. | Changes in chemical and biochemical soil properties induced by 11-yr repeated additions of different organic materials in maize-based forage systems | |
Xia et al. | Effects of long-term straw incorporation on the net global warming potential and the net economic benefit in a rice–wheat cropping system in China | |
Yan et al. | The role of chemical and organic fertilizers on yield, yield variability and carbon sequestration—results of a 19-year experiment | |
Alam et al. | Nutrient management for increased productivity of rice–wheat cropping system in Bangladesh | |
Singh | Crop and water productivity as influenced by rice cultivation methods under organic and inorganic sources of nutrient supply | |
Zhao et al. | Comparisons of yield, water use efficiency, and soil microbial biomass as affected by the system of rice intensification | |
Geethalakshmi et al. | Agronomic evaluation of rice cultivation systems for water and grain productivity | |
Nyamangara et al. | Effect of hand-hoe based conservation agriculture on soil fertility and maize yield in selected smallholder areas in Zimbabwe | |
Jat et al. | Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa L.)-based cropping systems for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and economic returns in south Gujarat, India | |
Yuan et al. | Assessing environmental impacts of organic and inorganic fertilizer on daily and seasonal greenhouse gases effluxes in rice field | |
Shi et al. | Integrated management practices significantly affect N 2 O emissions and wheat–maize production at field scale in the North China Plain | |
Heinze et al. | Changes in microbial biomass indices after 10 years of farmyard manure and vegetal fertilizer application to a sandy soil under organic management | |
Sun et al. | Reasonable fertilization improves the conservation tillage benefit for soil water use and yield of rain-fed winter wheat: A case study from the Loess Plateau, China | |
Becker et al. | Effects of transition season management on soil N dynamics and system N balances in rice–wheat rotations of Nepal | |
Pinto et al. | Organic production of horticultural crops with green manure, composted farmyard manure and organic fertiliser | |
Fang et al. | Mitigating global warming potential with increase net ecosystem economic budget by integrated rice-frog farming in eastern China | |
Qiang et al. | Combined effects of urea type and placement depth on grain yield, water productivity and nitrogen use efficiency of rain-fed spring maize in northern China | |
Ullah et al. | Growth and yield of lowland rice as affected by integrated nutrient management and cultivation method under alternate wetting and drying water regime | |
Patil et al. | Soil water conservation and yield of winter sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) as influenced by tillage, organic materials and nitrogen fertilizer in semi-arid tropical India | |
Yang et al. | Effects of sheep manure combined with chemical fertilizers on maize yield and quality and spatial and temporal distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen | |
Gangopadhyay et al. | A new methodological approach to the establishment of sustainable agricultural ecology in drought vulnerable areas of eastern India | |
Sharma et al. | Influence of Tillage and Nutrient Sources on Yield Sustainability and Soil Quality under Sorghum–Mung Bean System in Rainfed Semi‐arid Tropics | |
Chae et al. | Unexpected high suppression of ammonia volatilization loss by plastic film mulching in Korean maize cropping system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130717 |