CN102667470A - 用于测量液压油、传动装置油和润滑油中的颗粒的设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于测量包含大量空气的介质中的颗粒的设备,具有颗粒计数器(3),给它通过供给泵(1)经由供给管路供给优选粘滞的介质。根据本发明给供给泵(1)配备分开的泄漏装置(6),或者与其直接连接。根据本发明,通过所述实施方式保证,介质中包含的气泡(泡沫)不影响颗粒计数结果。最后压力存储器防止在泵功率不规律时压力中断。
Description
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分的设备,用于测量液压油、传动装置油和润滑油和类似流体/运行介质中的颗粒。
为得到运行介质例如在液压装置或者润滑装置中的运行介质的固体污染的代表的图像,必须经常在提供掺杂有大量气泡的运行介质的设备测量地点进行颗粒计数。这样的测量地点例如在回流管路和传动润滑设备的测量位置,特别在风力发电装置的情况下。
常规的光学的颗粒计数方法不能区分固体颗粒和气泡。而另外可选的不具有横向灵敏性的颗粒计数方法具有下面的缺点:
-已知的筛分方法不能以简单的方式自动化,
-已知的感应方法仅可靠地与具有预先规定大小的颗粒反应。
为检测等效直径从100μm直到4μm的颗粒大小下的固体污染,不可避免使用光学的颗粒计数器,然而这里必须与此并行采取措施,以便排除气泡的影响。
从运行介质中分离被乳化的气体在设备技术方面花费很高因此是不经济的。因此作为简单的解决方案提供:通过提高压力把夹带的气体溶解在该介质中(在压力从1巴提高到100巴的情况下在1升油中约溶解9升空气)。此外,气泡被压缩,使得其大小部分地达到为颗粒的检测界限之下。
已知的其中使用光学颗粒计数器的设备通常具有传感器,它对在由例如粘滞介质的液流流过的测量区内存在颗粒起反应,并且向电子分析装置输出相应的采集信号。从现有技术,例如根据DE 103 43 457B3的技术,获知这种设备。该设备具有一个颗粒计数器,其中借助传感器产生可分析的传感器信号。这里该传感器对在由粘滞介质的液流流过的测量区内存在颗粒起光学反应,其中在液流流入颗粒计数器的传感器测量区内前使用调整装置调整粘滞介质的输入压力。
然而这里介质中的确定的起泡过程表明是一个特别的问题,其可能在各设备运行时特别是在向流体槽返回介质时产生。如在开始时已经提到的,这种气泡会导致颗粒测量不正确,因此在任何情况下都应该避免或者消除。
出于这种理由,从现有技术获知的调整装置如此构造,使得在介质中包含的气泡在从流体槽到传感器测量区的路径上通过建立压力被溶解,使得颗粒计数器不把这些无害的气泡作为臆想的污染颗粒识别而导致测量错误。为进一步改善气体在介质中溶解的这一效果,已知的现有技术规定,在从流体槽供给施压的液压泵和颗粒计数器之间设置一段稳定距离,由此延长泵和颗粒计数器之间的流动路径,从而提高溶解的气体的数量。
虽然在现有技术中采用了这种措施,但是仍然不能完全消除未溶解在介质中的气泡的负面影响。特别是该已知的现有技术未全面考虑,一方面气体在介质中的溶解持续一定的时间,另一方面仅短时的压力中断就会导致已经溶解的空气完全析出。
因此本发明的任务是提供一种能够提供改善的测量结果的颗粒测量设备。
该任务通过具有权利要求1的特征的一类设备解决。本发明的有利的结构是从属权利要求的内容。
通过使用优选以容积方式工作的、分离气体的供给泵,其装备/连接分开的回流管路或者泄漏管路,大气泡已经从流体供给流中分离,并且因此不再在管路中到达优选光学的颗粒计数器。
这里泵和颗粒计数器之间的管路长度优选取决于供给泵的体积流量、管路的标称宽度和介质粘滞性,并且保证介质在颗粒计数器之前需要的停留时间,以便气体在介质中溶解并且由此不被颗粒计数器发现。
另外优选设置的压力存储器负责保证,当供给泵在供给介质-气体混合物的情况下不能产生恒定的体积流量时包含气体和固体的介质(流体)的压力仅少量减小。以这种方式能够避免气体突然析出以及与此关联的颗粒计数错误。此外通过在颗粒计数器后接入的压力存储器的设备使可能已经析出的气体(空气)在朝向泵的方向上移动(后退)从而不直接到达颗粒计数传感器。
这里同样优选设置的压力保持阀规定在该回路中的压力,并且可以调整为一个固定的(预定)值。
下面根据一个优选的实施例参考附图详细说明本发明。这里唯一的附图表示根据本发明的一个优选的实施例的颗粒测量设备的流体回路的示意图。
因此本发明的设备具有一个供给泵或者流体泵1,其用优选电动机M驱动,并且通过吸入管路1a从流体槽T吸入介质,例如液压油、传动装置/马达油、润滑介质或者类似流体。泵1通过流体供给管路2与颗粒计数器3流体连接,以便把吸入的介质在规定的压力下供给颗粒计数器3。回流管路7从颗粒计数器3返回流体槽T,在回流管路7上紧接地在颗粒计数器3的下游通过分支管路8连接一个压力保持器或者压力存储器4。此外紧接压力存储器4的下游在回流管路7上中间接入一个压力保持阀5。该压力保持阀5是一个限压阀,具有弹簧加载的控制侧和流体加载的控制侧,其通过控制管路9在紧接压力保持阀5的上游与回流管路7连接。
根据本发明从流体泵1分支出一条泄漏管路6,其在流体泵1的溢出油接口6a处连接并且通向流体槽T。对此另外可选的方案是该泵也在内部配备一条这种泄漏管路。此外流体泵1优选涉及齿轮泵,它在它的驱动轴的区域内具有溢出流体排放装置。这种泵例如在DE 101 12 660A1中表示。根据该文献的图2,在驱动轴的轴密封的第一密封元件和第二密封元件之间分支出一个溢出油通道,它在端侧的溢出油接口处例如在驱动轴的附近导出。根据本发明的该实施例,齿轮泵以其驱动轴竖直或者倾斜安装,使得驱动轴向上凸出并且优选从泵外壳伸出。因此溢出油接口6a也朝向上方。
如下重写本发明的设备的作用方式。
在从流体槽T吸入介质时气泡也一并被吸入,这些气泡通过起泡过程在介质中形成并且在流体槽T内存储。此外还通过在吸入时的负压另外的气体从介质中出来并且以气泡的形式聚集在泵1的输入通道内。在通过泵1供给介质时大部分气泡已经通过泵在泄漏接口内部泄漏。这些气泡在压缩过程期间在泵1中沿倾斜或者竖直装备的驱动轴向上移动,通过溢出油接口泄漏,这样从介质中抽出。
如已在现有技术中实现的那样,在本发明中另外一部分气泡也通过介质的压缩而溶解到介质中,这样不再干扰颗粒计数。
流体供给管路2的长度取决于使用的介质(它的粘滞性)以及在有的情况下泵的供给量和流体供给管路2的直径如此确定,在处于压力下的介质上产生稳定效果,并且通过流动距离的长度提供用于溶解空气所需要的相应的时间。例如在直径4毫米的管路的情况下供给泵1和颗粒计数器3之间的管路长度至少为一米,优选两米。
在颗粒计数器3的测量点的下游提供一个压力存储器4,它稳定该测量点处的压力。由此在有的情况下在压力中断期间(由于吸入气泡)产生的析出气体在向于泵1的方向上移动,从而不会使测量结果出错。此外能够减小由于压力波动产生的测量结果的波动,该压力波动由流体泵1引起。
附图标记列表
Claims (11)
1.用于测量包含大量气体特别是空气的介质中的颗粒的设备,具有颗粒计数器(3),给它通过供给泵(1)经由供给管路(2)供给优选粘滞的介质,其特征在于,供给泵(1)具有开口(6a),特别是溢出油接口,通过它由于它的设置在供给泵(1)的运行中可从通过供给泵供给的介质中导出气体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,供给泵(1)是以容积方式工作的流体泵,特别是齿轮泵。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,颗粒计数器(3)具有光学传感器。
4.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备,其特征在于,供给泵(1)和颗粒计数器(3)之间的管路长度取决于供给泵(1)的体积流量、供给管路(2)的标称宽度和介质粘滞性确定。
5.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备,其特征在于,供给泵(1)和颗粒计数器(3)之间的管路长度提供用于在流体中溶解空气所需要的时间。
6.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备,其特征在于,紧接颗粒计数器(3)之后接入压力存储器(4)。
7.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备,其特征在于具有压力保持阀(5),其在从颗粒计数器(3)出发的回流管路中设置,并且优选预先调整到固定值。
8.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备,其特征在于,开口(6a)在供给泵的驱动轴附近构成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的设备,其特征在于,泵以驱动轴向上从而开口(6a)向上安装。
10.根据权利要求4或5所述的设备,其特征在于,管路长度至少为一米,优选两米。
11.根据权利要求4、5或10所述的设备,其特征在于,供给泵(1)和颗粒计数器(3)之间的管路段的直径约为4毫米。
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CN112703387A (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-04-23 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 降低干涉式颗粒传感器模块的误报颗粒计数的方法 |
CN116908062A (zh) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-20 | 儒亚科技(北京)有限公司 | 一种润滑油中颗粒在线检测分析仪 |
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DE102017008580A1 (de) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-14 | Hydac Filter Sytems Gmbh | Filteraggregat |
DE102018127688B4 (de) * | 2018-11-06 | 2023-02-02 | Rubolab GmbH | Vorrichtung zur Analyse eines Fluidstroms, sowie Verfahren |
CN112799371B (zh) * | 2019-11-13 | 2022-05-13 | 北京福田康明斯发动机有限公司 | 一种发动机颗粒数排放测量装置的控制系统及控制方法 |
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- 2009-10-05 DE DE202009017886U patent/DE202009017886U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2010-07-31 ES ES10740551T patent/ES2409276T3/es active Active
- 2010-07-31 CN CN201080050264.8A patent/CN102667470B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-31 DK DK10740551.6T patent/DK2486400T3/da active
- 2010-07-31 WO PCT/EP2010/004700 patent/WO2011042081A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-07-31 EP EP10740551.6A patent/EP2486400B1/de not_active Not-in-force
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CN107387500A (zh) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-24 | 温州大学 | 用于检测流体中颗粒状污染物的检测系统 |
CN112703387A (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-04-23 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 降低干涉式颗粒传感器模块的误报颗粒计数的方法 |
CN112703387B (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2024-03-29 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 降低干涉式颗粒传感器模块的误报颗粒计数的方法 |
CN116908062A (zh) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-20 | 儒亚科技(北京)有限公司 | 一种润滑油中颗粒在线检测分析仪 |
CN116908062B (zh) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-12-19 | 儒亚科技(北京)有限公司 | 一种润滑油中颗粒在线检测分析仪 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2486400B1 (de) | 2013-05-15 |
ES2409276T3 (es) | 2013-06-26 |
EP2486400A1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
CN102667470B (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
DE202009017886U1 (de) | 2010-08-26 |
WO2011042081A1 (de) | 2011-04-14 |
DE102009048271A1 (de) | 2011-04-07 |
DK2486400T3 (da) | 2013-08-19 |
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