CN102664537A - Single phase AC-AC (Alternating Current-Alternating Current) direct frequency convertor topological structure and control method thereof - Google Patents
Single phase AC-AC (Alternating Current-Alternating Current) direct frequency convertor topological structure and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a single phase AC-AC (Alternating Current-Alternating Current) direct frequency convertor and a control method thereof. The single phase AC-AC direct frequency convertor comprises a power supply, a filter circuit, a main circuit and a buffering circuit, wherein the power supply U is connected with the filter circuit and the main circuit; and the main circuit is connected with the buffering circuit. The control method of the single phase AC-AC direct frequency convertor is a single polarity control method or a hysteresis current control method. The single phase AC-AC direct frequency convertor has a simple topological structure, the control method is simple and practicable, the power conversion stage number is small, and the reliability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transformation of electrical energy method, particularly relate to direct frequency changer topological structure of a kind of single-phase AC-AC and control method.
Background technology
In the conversion and utilization of electric energy, the AC-AC converter has critical role, and it can realize the Direct Transform of electric energy, does not need intermediate link, thereby raises the efficiency, and totally is divided into not frequency conversion of transformation and direct variable voltage variable frequency two aspects.Aspect not frequency conversion of transformation, the technology of comparative maturity has the thyristor voltage regulation controller, the AC-AC converter of PWM control etc.Aspect the direct frequency translation of realization AC-AC, technology relatively early is based on the frequency converter technology of thyristor, has developed very ripe; Shortcoming is that used device count is many, and input-output characteristic is poor, and it is serious to exchange Harmonics of Input; The frequency conversion scope is narrow; And for reducing pulsation, device count is multiplied, and has offset cost advantage.Matrix converter was suggested in 1980, and is through the development in 30 years, progressively ripe and realize that commercialization, its advantage are sinusoidal input and output electric currents in the period of nearest 10; Output frequency does not receive the restriction of incoming frequency, and input power factor is high, the energy two-way flow; Directly realize frequency conversion, no intermediate dc link and filter element thereof, conversion efficiency is high; Saved the big electric capacity of DC side, volume will be reduced, and realized integrated easily and power modelization.But the control strategy of matrix converter is complicated, and evaluation work is heavy; In order to realize the safe change of current, adopt four step change of current methods usually, increased the control difficulty, reduced system reliability, number of switches is many, and system cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of topology is succinct, Power Conversion progression is few, reliability is high direct frequency changer topological structure of a kind of single AC-AC and control method thereof.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this:
The direct frequency changer topological structure of single-phase AC-AC comprises power supply, filter circuit, main circuit and buffering circuit, and it is characterized in that: power supply U connects filter circuit and connects main circuit again, and main circuit connects buffer circuit.
Described main circuit comprises first to the 8th full-control type device (is the example explanation with IGBT) V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8, first to the 6th diode D1, D2, D3, D5, D6, D7 and load; The first full-control type device V1 and the second full-control type device V2 are divided into group 1; The 3rd full-control type device V3 and the 4th full-control type device V4 are divided into group 4; The 5th full-control type device V5 and the 6th full-control type device V6 are divided into group 3, the seven full-control type device V7 and the 8th full-control type device V8 is divided into group 2; The emitter of the emitter of the 3rd full-control type device V3 and the 8th full-control type device V8 joins; The collector electrode of the 3rd full-control type device V3 connects the emitter of the 6th full-control type device V6 and the collector electrode of the 5th full-control type device V5; The collector electrode of the 6th full-control type device V6 connects the collector electrode of the second full-control type device V2; The emitter of the second full-control type device V2 connects the collector electrode of the first full-control type device V1 and the collector electrode of the 7th full-control type device V7; The emitter of the first full-control type device V1 connects the collector electrode of the 8th full-control type device V8 and a end of load; The collector electrode of b termination the 4th full-control type device V4 of load and the emitter of the 5th full-control type device V5, the emitter of the emitter of the 4th full-control type device V4 and the 7th full-control type device V7 joins; The first diode D1, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3, the 4th diode D5, the 5th diode D6, the 6th diode D7 respectively with the first full-control type device V1, the second full-control type device V2, the 3rd full-control type device V3, the 5th full-control type device V5, the 6th full-control type device V6, the 7th full-control type device V7 reverse parallel connection.
Described filter circuit adopts the LC filter circuit; Comprise capacitor C and inductance L; The B termination inductance L of single phase alternating current power supply U; Inductance L connects emitter and the capacitor C of the 3rd full-control type device V3 and the 8th full-control type device V8, and capacitor C connects the A end of power supply U and the emitter of the 4th full-control type device V4 and the 7th full-control type device V7.
Described buffer circuit is by first to the second buffer capacitor C1, C2; First to the 4th buffer resistance R1, R2, R3, R4; The the 7th to the 8th diode D9, D10 and the 9th to the tenth full-control type device V9, V10 form; Wherein the 9th full-control type device V9 belongs to group 4, the ten full-control type device V10 and belongs to group 2; The collector electrode of a termination the tenth full-control type device V10 of load; The 8th diode D10 is connected in reverse parallel in the tenth full-control type device V10 two ends; The 4th buffer resistance R4, the second buffer capacitor C2 connect afterwards and the emitter of a termination the tenth full-control type device V10 in the capacitance-resistance loop of the parallelly connected formation of the 3rd buffer resistance R3, another termination second full-control type device V2 emitter in capacitance-resistance loop; The collector electrode of b termination the 9th full-control type device V9 of load; The 7th diode D9 is connected in reverse parallel in the two ends of the 9th full-control type device V9; The second buffer resistance R2, the first buffer capacitor C1 connect afterwards and the emitter of a termination the 9th full-control type device V9 in the capacitance-resistance loop of the parallelly connected formation of the first buffer resistance R1; The emitter of another termination the 6th full-control type device V6 in capacitance-resistance loop, the emitter of the emitter of the 9th full-control type device V9 and the tenth full-control type device V10 joins.
The control method of the direct frequency changer topological structure of single-phase AC-AC is: first kind of control method is the SPWM control method; When adopting the unipolarity mode to control; Group 1 triggers with the opposite SPWM waveform of group 2 usefulness phase sequences, group 3 and respectively account for 50% pulse-triggered with the opposite duty ratio of group 4 usefulness phase sequences; When adopting the bipolarity mode to control, group 1 and the identical SPWM pulse-triggered of group 4 usefulness sequential, group 2 and group 3 adopt with group 1 and the opposite pulse of group 4 sequential and trigger; Second kind of control mode is hysteresis current control, and the mode that adopts the constant frequency rate if reference current, is then opened group 1 and group 4 greater than actual current, makes the actual current increase to the comparison of sampling of reference current and actual loading electric current; If reference current, is then opened group 2 and group 3 less than actual current, actual current is reduced.
The invention has the advantages that: topological structure is simple, and the reliability of the change of current improves, and its control strategy is also simple relatively.For realize that topology is succinct, Power Conversion progression is few, conversion efficiency and power density is high, the output waveform quality is high, reliability is high novel electric power electric transformer, simple alternating current voltage regulator, novel ac-ac frequency converter, power system reactive power power governor etc. establish the key technology basis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the direct frequency changer topology diagram of single-phase AC-AC;
Fig. 2 is input voltage waveform figure;
Output current, voltage waveform when Fig. 3 controls for Unipolar SPWM;
Output current, voltage waveform when Fig. 4 controls for hysteresis current.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done more detailed description:
In conjunction with Fig. 1.U is a single phase alternating current power supply; L, C are filter; The first full-control type device V1, the second full-control type device V2, the 3rd full-control type device V3, the 4th full-control type device V4, the 5th full-control type device V5, the 6th full-control type device V6, the 7th full-control type device V7, the 8th full-control type device V8 are that (with IGBT is the example explanation to 8 unidirectional full-control type devices; Other full-control type device such as PowerMOSFET; IGCT etc. also can realize this function), the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3, the 4th diode D5, the 5th diode D6, the 6th diode D7 are 6 diodes with corresponding full-control type device reverse parallel connection.
If the output voltage U that structure is positive
Ab, at power supply U
ABPositive half cycle; Make the first full-control type device V1, the closed conducting of the 3rd full-control type device V3; The A end of power supply U is added on the output a end through the 6th diode D7, the first full-control type device V1, and output b end is linked on the B end of power supply U output line voltage U through the 4th diode D5, the 3rd full-control type device V3
AbBe input line voltage U
ABIf make the first full-control type device V1 and the second full-control type device V2 closed, the 3rd full-control type device V3 breaks off, then U
AbWill be through the loop of the first full-control type device V1, the second full-control type device V2, the 4th diode D5, the 5th diode D6 by short circuit, voltage is zero; At U
ABNegative half period; Make the first full-control type device V1, the second full-control type device V2, the closed conducting of the 4th full-control type device V4; The B terminal potential of power supply U is greater than the A terminal potential of power supply U; The B end of power supply U is added on the output a through the 3rd diode D3, the 5th diode D6, the second full-control type device V2, the first full-control type device V1, and output b links on the A end of power supply U through the 4th full-control type device V4, so output voltage U
AbRemain greater than zero.Further discover, at power supply U
ABPositive half cycle, when making the first full-control type device V1, the 3rd full-control type device V3 closed, the second full-control type device V2, the 4th full-control type device V4 are also closed, can't be to output voltage U
AbHave any impact; At power supply U
ABNegative half period, when making the first full-control type device V1, the second full-control type device V2, the 4th full-control type device V4 closed, the 3rd full-control type device V3 is closed, does not also influence output voltage U
Ab, therefore, can regard the first full-control type device V1, the second full-control type device V2 as one group of switch, compile to organizing 1, can shared one group of trigger impulse; The 3rd full-control type device V3, the 4th full-control type device V4 regard one group of switch as, compile to organizing 4, shared one group of trigger impulse.In like manner, the combination through the 5th full-control type device V5, the 6th full-control type device V6, the 7th full-control type device V7, the 8th full-control type device V8 and respective diode can construct negative output voltage.The 5th full-control type device V5, the 6th full-control type device V6 compile and are group 3, shared one group of trigger impulse; The 7th full-control type device V7, the 8th full-control type device V8 compile and are group 2, shared one group of trigger impulse.Wherein, group 1 and group 2 conducting simultaneously; Group 3 and group 4 conducting simultaneously, otherwise can cause power supply short circuit; When group 2 and group 4 closures, input voltage can't form the loop in circuit structure, and output voltage is 0.Table 1 has provided the logical relation of each switching device of the new topology of the direct frequency changer of single-phase AC-AC.This structure from form and single-phase electricity potential source type inverter structure closely similar, be referred to as virtual inverter structure.
The logical relation of each switching device of the new topology of the direct frequency changer of the single-phase AC-AC of table 1
The afterflow problem of electric current when buffer circuit can solve switching-over, the 9th full-control type device V9 in the buffer circuit belongs to group 4, the ten full-control type device V10 and belongs to group 2.When load is perception; As organize 1 and be transformed into shutoff with group 4 by conducting, when group 2 and group 3 are transformed into conducting by shutoff, or organize 2 during with group 4 conductings simultaneously; Induced voltage do not turn-off overvoltage if there is continuous current circuit in load, to produce, if will cause damage to switching device when excessive.After introducing buffer circuit; Flow out if load current flows into the b end by load a end, 4 conductings are transformed into shutoff with group when group 1, when group 2 and group 3 are transformed into conducting by shutoff; Electric current passes through the 4th diode D5 by load b end; Through returning load a end through the 8th diode D10 behind the first buffer resistance R1, the second buffer resistance R2, the first buffer capacitor C1 capacitance-resistance loop, constitutes a continuous current circuit, thereby the proof load electric current is continuous and avoid turn-offing overvoltage; The change of current is stored in the part energy in the capacitance-resistance tank capacitance after finishing, and consumes through the capacitance-resistance loop; In addition, when group 2 and group 4 conductings, suppose that this moment, electric current was got into by load a; B holds outflow, and electric current is got back to a end through the 8th diode D10 again through the 9th full-control type device V9; Constitute a loop, adopt this mode afterflow can effectively reduce requirement buffer circuit.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3.The first kind of control mode that adopts is similar to the control mode of traditional single phase SPWM inverter; Here introduce the Unipolar SPWM control mode; Group 1 triggers with the opposite SPWM pulse of sequential with group 2, and group 3 and group 4 respectively account for 50% pulse-triggered with the opposite duty ratio of sequential.When group 4 pulse is high level, output voltage U when organizing 1 pulse and being high level
Ab>0, and output voltage U when organizing 2 pulses and being high level
Ab=0; In like manner, when group 3 pulse is high level, output voltage U when organizing 2 pulses and being high level
Ab<0, and output voltage U when organizing 1 pulse and being high level
Ab=0; Fig. 2 is input voltage waveform figure, and visible by figure, its frequency is 50Hz, and Fig. 3 is the emulation output waveform that adopts after SPWM controls, and from top to bottom is respectively output current and output voltage waveform.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are relatively more visible, and the frequency of output voltage and electric current is 25Hz, are the half the of frequency of input voltage, have realized frequency conversion function; Can find out simultaneously that because load is perceptual, so the phase place of output current lags behind the output voltage phase place, and output current wave is near sinusoidal.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 4.The second kind of control mode that adopts is current hysteresis ring control mode, adopts constant frequency rate mode to the comparison of sampling of reference current and actual output current, if reference current is greater than actual current, then conducting group 1 and group 4 make the actual current increase; If reference current is less than actual current, then conducting group 2 and group 3 reduce actual current.Thereby output current approaches reference current, and the output current indentation is around the reference current rapid fluctuations.Fig. 4 is its emulation output waveform, from top to bottom is respectively output current and output voltage waveform, finds that with the input voltage contrast of Fig. 2 the frequency of output voltage and electric current is 25Hz, is the half the of input voltage frequency, has realized frequency conversion function; And in the positive half cycle and negative half period of output voltage, opposite polarity pulse output is arranged all; Output current is a standard sine wave.Examine; The sawtooth fluctuation of output current is every to have of short duration weakening at a distance from 0.1s, and the PWM ripple of output voltage also has disappearance this moment, and this is because the cycle of input voltage is 0.2s; Every separated 0.1s input voltage once touches zero point; Constantly input voltage is less for this, the influence of output current is diminished, so the effect of that kind can appear in output current and voltage.
Claims (6)
1. the direct frequency changer topological structure of single-phase AC-AC comprises power supply, filter circuit, main circuit and buffering circuit, and it is characterized in that: power supply connects filter circuit and connects main circuit again, and main circuit connects buffer circuit.
2. the direct frequency changer topological structure of single-phase AC-AC according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described main circuit comprises first to the 8th full-control type device (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8), first to the 6th diode (D1, D2, D3, D5, D6, D7) and load; The first full-control type device (V1) and the second full-control type device (V2) are divided into group 1; The 3rd full-control type device (V3) and the 4th full-control type device (V4) are divided into group 4; The 5th full-control type device (V5) and the 6th full-control type device (V6) are divided into group 3, the seven full-control type devices (V7) and the 8th full-control type device (V8) is divided into group 2; The emitter of the emitter of the 3rd full-control type device (V3) and the 8th full-control type device (V8) joins; The collector electrode of the 3rd full-control type device (V3) connects the emitter of the 6th full-control type device (V6) and the collector electrode of the 5th full-control type device (V5); The collector electrode of the 6th full-control type device (V6) connects the collector electrode of the second full-control type device (V2); The emitter of the second full-control type device (V2) connects the collector electrode of the first full-control type device (V1) and the collector electrode of the 7th full-control type device (V7); The emitter of the first full-control type device (V1) connects the collector electrode of the 8th full-control type device (V8) and a end of load; The collector electrode of b termination the 4th full-control type device (V4) of load and the emitter of the 5th full-control type device (V5), the emitter of the emitter of the 4th full-control type device (V4) and the 7th full-control type device (V7) joins; First diode (D1), second diode (D2), the 3rd diode (D3), the 4th diode (D5), the 5th diode (D6), the 6th diode (D7) respectively with the first full-control type device (V1), the second full-control type device (V2), the 3rd full-control type device (V3), the 5th full-control type device (V5), the 6th full-control type device (V6), the 7th full-control type device (V7) reverse parallel connection.
3. the direct frequency changer topological structure of single-phase AC-AC according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described filter circuit adopts the LC filter circuit; Comprise electric capacity (C) and inductance (L); The B termination inductance (L) of single phase alternating current power supply (U); Inductance (L) connects the emitter and the electric capacity (C) of the 3rd full-control type device (V3) and the 8th full-control type device (V8), and electric capacity (C) connects the A end of power supply (U) and the emitter of the 4th full-control type device (V4) and the 7th full-control type device (V7).
4. the direct frequency changer topological structure of single-phase AC-AC according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described buffer circuit is by first to second buffer capacitor (C1, C2); First to the 4th buffer resistance (R1, R2, R3, R4); The the 7th to the 8th diode (D9, D10) and the 9th to the tenth full-control type device (V9, V10) are formed, and wherein the 9th full-control type device (V9) belongs to group 4, the ten full-control type devices (V10) and belongs to group 2; The collector electrode of a termination the tenth full-control type device (V10) of load; The 8th diode (D10) is connected in reverse parallel in the tenth full-control type device (V10) two ends; The 4th buffer resistance (R4), second buffer capacitor (C2) are connected afterwards and the emitter of a termination the tenth full-control type device (V10) in the capacitance-resistance loop of the parallelly connected formation of the 3rd buffer resistance (R3), another termination second full-control type device (V2) emitter in capacitance-resistance loop; The collector electrode of b termination the 9th full-control type device (V9) of load; The 7th diode (D9) is connected in reverse parallel in the two ends of the 9th full-control type device (V9); Second buffer resistance (R2), first buffer capacitor (C1) are connected afterwards and the emitter of a termination the 9th full-control type device (V9) in the capacitance-resistance loop of the parallelly connected formation of first buffer resistance (R1); The emitter of another termination the 6th full-control type device (V6) in capacitance-resistance loop, the emitter of the emitter of the 9th full-control type device (V9) and the tenth full-control type device (V10) joins.
5. control method that adopts the direct frequency changer topological structure of the described single-phase AC-AC of claim 1; It is characterized in that: first kind of control method is the SPWM control method; When adopting the unipolarity mode to control; Group 1 triggers with the opposite SPWM waveform of group 2 usefulness phase sequences, group 3 and respectively account for 50% pulse-triggered with the opposite duty ratio of group 4 usefulness phase sequences; When adopting the bipolarity mode to control, group 1 and the identical SPWM pulse-triggered of group 4 usefulness sequential, group 2 and group 3 adopt with group 1 and the opposite pulse of group 4 sequential and trigger.
6. control method that adopts the direct frequency changer topological structure of the described single-phase AC-AC of claim 1; It is characterized in that: second kind of control mode is hysteresis current control; The mode that adopts the constant frequency rate is to the comparison of sampling of reference current and actual loading electric current; If reference current, is then opened group 1 and group 4 greater than actual current, actual current is increased; If reference current, is then opened group 2 and group 3 less than actual current, actual current is reduced.
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| CN103138597A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-06-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Novel 12 single-direction switch single-stage alternating current-alternating current converter and control method of the same |
| CN106992689A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-28 | 东南大学 | A kind of single-phase direct ac/ac frequency converter and control method based on impulse-equivalent method |
| CN108923663A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-30 | 东北电力大学 | Single-phase bipolar AC-AC converter topology structure and its modulator approach |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102931850A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-02-13 | 四川九洲空管科技有限责任公司 | Current type medium-frequency digital power supply based on Matrix converter and control method of current type medium-frequency digital power supply |
| CN103138597A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-06-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Novel 12 single-direction switch single-stage alternating current-alternating current converter and control method of the same |
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| CN106992689A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-28 | 东南大学 | A kind of single-phase direct ac/ac frequency converter and control method based on impulse-equivalent method |
| CN106992689B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2019-07-12 | 东南大学 | A kind of single-phase direct ac/ac frequency converter and control method based on impulse-equivalent method |
| CN108923663A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-30 | 东北电力大学 | Single-phase bipolar AC-AC converter topology structure and its modulator approach |
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| CN102664537B (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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