CN102664475A - Low-fluctuation built-in permanent magnet rotor for brushless motor - Google Patents
Low-fluctuation built-in permanent magnet rotor for brushless motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102664475A CN102664475A CN201210148950XA CN201210148950A CN102664475A CN 102664475 A CN102664475 A CN 102664475A CN 201210148950X A CN201210148950X A CN 201210148950XA CN 201210148950 A CN201210148950 A CN 201210148950A CN 102664475 A CN102664475 A CN 102664475A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-fluctuation built-in permanent magnet rotor for a brushless motor, relates to the technical field of motors, and aims to reduce torque fluctuation. The permanent magnet rotor comprises a rotating shaft and a rotor core coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft. A plurality of permanent magnet slots are axially symmetrically formed on the rotor core. Each permanent magnet slot is positioned between an inner circle and an outer circle of the rotor core. At least one permanent magnet is arranged in each permanent magnet slot. The permanent magnet rotor is characterized in that a radial axis in the radial axes of the rotor core passes through the slot center of each permanent magnet slot, and is a radial slot centerline of the permanent magnet slot; the radial section of each permanent magnet slot is axially symmetrical to own radial slot centerline; the permanent magnets in each permanent magnet slot are axially symmetrically arranged relative to the radial slot centerline of the permanent magnet slot; and the ratio of a magnet center half angle phi1 of each permanent magnet slot to a magnet slot center half angle phi2 of the permanent magnet is 0.82+/-0.01. The permanent magnet rotor is small in torque fluctuation, low in noise and high in efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor technology, particularly relate to a kind of technology of low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of brushless electric machine.
Background technology
The p-m rotor of brushless electric machine all comprises rotating shaft and rotor core; Axial symmetry is provided with a plurality of permanent magnetism grooves on rotor core; All be provided with permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove; The part that is positioned at each permanent magnetism groove outside on the rotor core constitutes rotor core pole shoe portion, and the part that is positioned at rotor core pole shoe portion edge then constitutes the saturated separated magnetic magnetic bridge of magnetic circuit, and the permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove constitutes permanent magnetism magnetic pole with each permanent magnetism groove outside rotor iron core pole shoe portion respectively.
In the p-m rotor of tradition brushless electric machine; Ratio between the magnet center half-angle of each permanent magnetism groove and the magnetic groove center half-angle is generally 0.72; When the p-m rotor of this structure is worked, in the armature excitation of " non-circular great-jump-forward " rotating magnetic field, and under the influence of slot effect; Exist very big torque ripple, so traditional brushless electric machine all exists, and torque ripple is big, noise is big, inefficient defective.
In addition; In the p-m rotor of tradition brushless electric machine; The shape of permanent magnetism groove is all fairly simple; A side that is positioned at a distance from magnetic magnetic bridge portion is all narrower, makes separated the magnetic magnetic bridge at rotor core pole shoe portion edge also exist the width smaller defect, and this also is one of the p-m rotor of traditional brushless electric machine reason that torque ripple is big when working.
Summary of the invention
To the defective that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of the brushless electric machine that a kind of torque ripple is little, noise is little, efficient is high.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; The low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of a kind of brushless electric machine provided by the present invention comprises rotating shaft, and the coaxial rotor core that is fixed in the rotating shaft; Axial symmetry is provided with a plurality of permanent magnetism grooves on the said rotor core; Each permanent magnetism groove all between the rotor core inside and outside circle, is equipped with at least one permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove, it is characterized in that:
In the longitudinal axis of said rotor core, be respectively the radial slot heart line of each permanent magnetism groove, be respectively the radial slot tangent line of each permanent magnetism groove along tangent longitudinal axis with each permanent magnetism trough rim through the longitudinal axis of each permanent magnetism groove groove heart;
All the radial slot heart bobbin of self is symmetrical relatively for the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove, and the permanent magnet in each the permanent magnetism groove all radial slot heart bobbin symmetry of relative this permanent magnetism groove is laid;
In the longitudinal axis of said rotor core, be respectively the radial magnet tangent line of each permanent magnetism groove with the tangent longitudinal axis in permanent magnet edge in each permanent magnetism groove;
In the radial magnet tangent line of each permanent magnetism groove, the radial magnet tangent line adjacent with the radial slot tangent line of this permanent magnetism groove is the outer tangent line of the magnet of this permanent magnetism groove;
In the radial section of said rotor core; Angle between the radial slot heart line of each permanent magnetism groove and the radial slot tangent line of this permanent magnetism groove is the magnetic groove center half-angle of this permanent magnetism groove, and the angle between the outer tangent line of the radial slot heart line of each permanent magnetism groove and the magnet of this permanent magnetism groove is the magnet center half-angle of this permanent magnetism groove;
Ratio between the magnetic groove center half-angle of the magnet center half-angle of each permanent magnetism groove and this permanent magnetism groove is: φ 1/ φ 2=0.82 ± 0.01;
Wherein, φ 1 is the magnet center half-angle of permanent magnetism groove, and φ 2 is the magnetic groove center half-angle of permanent magnetism groove.
Further, it is straight that the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove all is the middle part, and two is towards the cattle horn shape of rotor core cylindrical bending, and the middle part straight section of each permanent magnetism groove radial section is all perpendicular to himself radial slot heart line;
Permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove is uniformly distributed with the in-line that is set as perpendicular to this permanent magnetism groove self radial slot heart line.
Further, the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove all is opening towards the V of rotor core cylindrical font, and the permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove is uniformly distributed with and is set as the big mouthful of splayed towards the rotor core cylindrical.
Further, it is straight that the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove all is the middle part, and two is towards the rotor core cylindrical bending curved cattle horn shape that direction bends towards the other end again, and the middle part straight section of each permanent magnetism groove radial section is all perpendicular to this permanent magnetism groove self radial slot heart line;
Permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove is uniformly distributed with the in-line that is set as perpendicular to this permanent magnetism groove self radial slot heart line.
The low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of brushless electric machine provided by the invention; Through regulating and the magnet center half-angle of optimization permanent magnetism groove and the ratio of magnetic groove center half-angle; Make the cogging torque fluctuation of p-m rotor compare traditional built-in type permanent-magnet rotor remarkable reduction is arranged; The synthetic torque ripple of motor also significantly reduces, and can suppress static and dynamic armature reaction, has the advantages that torque ripple is little, noise is little, efficient is high; In addition,, can also regulate magnetic circuit pressure drop and magnetic circuit degree of saturation, can significantly improve air-gap field and distribute, reduce leakage field, further reduce the cogging torque fluctuation at a distance from the magnetic magnetic bridge through optimizing the separated magnetic magnetic bridge width at rotor core pole shoe portion edge.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the radial section sketch map of low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of the brushless electric machine of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the cogging torque oscillogram of built-in type permanent-magnet rotor and traditional built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the radial section sketch map of low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of the brushless electric machine of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the radial section sketch map of low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of the brushless electric machine of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that two kinds of permanent magnetism groove radial sections are the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of cattle horn shape;
Fig. 6 is the low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of the brushless electric machine of third embodiment of the invention, and the cogging torque oscillogram of two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 is the low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of the brushless electric machine of third embodiment of the invention, and the counter potential waveform figure of two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with description of drawings embodiments of the invention are described in further detail, but present embodiment is not limited to the present invention, every employing analog structure of the present invention and similar variation thereof all should be listed protection scope of the present invention in.
As shown in Figure 1; The low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of a kind of brushless electric machine that first embodiment of the invention provided comprises rotating shaft 11, and the coaxial rotor core 12 that is fixed in the rotating shaft 11; Axial symmetry is provided with a plurality of permanent magnetism grooves 13 on the said rotor core 12; Each permanent magnetism groove 13 all between the inside and outside circle of rotor core 12, is equipped with at least one permanent magnet 14 in each permanent magnetism groove 13, it is characterized in that:
In the longitudinal axis of said rotor core 12, be respectively the radial slot heart line C1 of each permanent magnetism groove, be respectively the radial slot tangent line A1 of each permanent magnetism groove 13 with each tangent longitudinal axis in permanent magnetism groove 13 edges through the longitudinal axis of each permanent magnetism groove 13 groove heart;
The radial section of each permanent magnetism groove 13 is the relative radial slot heart line C1 axial symmetry of self all, the permanent magnet 14 in each permanent magnetism groove 13 all relatively the radial slot heart line C1 axial symmetry of this permanent magnetism groove 13 lay;
In the longitudinal axis of said rotor core 12, be respectively the radial magnet tangent line of each permanent magnetism groove 13 with the tangent longitudinal axis in permanent magnet 14 edges in each permanent magnetism groove 13;
In the radial magnet tangent line of each permanent magnetism groove 13, the radial magnet tangent line adjacent with the radial slot tangent line A1 of this permanent magnetism groove 13 is the outer tangent line B1 of the magnet of this permanent magnetism groove 13;
In the radial section of said rotor core 12; Angle between the radial slot heart line C1 of each permanent magnetism groove 13 and the radial slot tangent line A1 of this permanent magnetism groove 13 is the magnetic groove center half-angle of this permanent magnetism groove 13, and the angle between the outer tangent line B1 of the radial slot heart line C1 of each permanent magnetism groove 13 and the magnet of this permanent magnetism groove 13 is the magnet center half-angle of this permanent magnetism groove 13;
Ratio between the magnetic groove center half-angle of the magnet center half-angle of each permanent magnetism groove 13 and this permanent magnetism groove 13 is: φ 1/ φ 2=0.82 ± 0.01;
Wherein, φ 1 is the magnet center half-angle of permanent magnetism groove 13, and φ 2 is the magnetic groove center half-angle of permanent magnetism groove 13.
In the first embodiment of the invention, it is straight that the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove 13 all is the middle part, and two is towards the cattle horn shape of rotor core 12 cylindricals bending, and the middle part straight section of each permanent magnetism groove 13 radial section is all perpendicular to himself radial slot heart line C1;
Permanent magnets 14 in each permanent magnetism groove 13 are uniformly distributed with the in-line that is set as perpendicular to this permanent magnetism groove 13 self radial slot heart line C1.
First embodiment of the invention is fit to be installed on the brushless electric machine to be used; Should between rotor core 12 and stator 16, be provided with radial air gap during installation; Be positioned on the rotor core each permanent magnetism groove 13 lateral surface and part constitute rotor core pole shoe portion 17; The part that is positioned at rotor core pole shoe portion 17 edges then constitutes the saturated separated magnetic magnetic bridge 15 of magnetic circuit, and the permanent magnet 14 in each permanent magnetism groove 13 constitutes permanent magnetism magnetic pole with each permanent magnetism groove 13 outside rotor iron core pole shoe portion 17 respectively.
Fig. 2 is the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of the first embodiment of the invention that obtains through actual measurement and the cogging torque oscillogram of traditional built-in type permanent-magnet rotor; Cog number axis wherein is a cogging torque; The θ number axis is an electrical degree; Curve M is the cogging torque waveform of traditional built-in type permanent-magnet rotor, and curve N is the cogging torque waveform of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of first embodiment of the invention;
Produce in traditional built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of curve M among Fig. 2; Ratio between the magnet center half-angle of permanent magnetism groove and the magnetic groove center half-angle is: φ 11/ φ 12=0.72; Wherein, φ 11 is the magnet center half-angle of permanent magnetism groove, and φ 12 is the magnetic groove center half-angle of permanent magnetism groove.
Visible by Fig. 2; The cogging torque fluctuation of tradition built-in type permanent-magnet rotor is very big; Traditional built-in type permanent-magnet rotor is compared in the cogging torque fluctuation of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of first embodiment of the invention has remarkable reduction; Make the synthetic torque ripple of motor significantly reduce (can reduce 30-40%), can suppress static and dynamic armature reaction.
As shown in Figure 3, the low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of a kind of brushless electric machine that second embodiment of the invention provided, this embodiment is except that the laying mode of the shape of permanent magnetism groove 23 and permanent magnet 24, and further feature is identical with first embodiment of the invention.
In the second embodiment of the invention, the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove 23 all is the V font of opening towards rotor core 22 cylindricals, and the permanent magnet 24 in each permanent magnetism groove 23 is uniformly distributed with and is set as the big mouthful of splayed towards rotor core 22 cylindricals.
As shown in Figure 4, the low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of a kind of brushless electric machine that third embodiment of the invention provided, this embodiment is except that the shape of permanent magnetism groove 33, and further feature is identical with first embodiment of the invention.
In the third embodiment of the invention; It is straight that the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove 33 all is the middle part; Two is the curved cattle horn shape of direction bending towards the other end again towards rotor core 32 cylindricals bendings, and the middle part straight section of each permanent magnetism groove 33 radial section is all perpendicular to this permanent magnetism groove 33 self radial slot heart line;
In the third embodiment of the invention; The radial section of permanent magnetism groove 33 is curved cattle horn shape; The bent angle shape kink at its two is greater than permanent magnetism groove radial section two kink in the first embodiment of the invention towards the width of rotor core cylindrical one side towards the width H3 of rotor core cylindrical one side; The feasible width that is arranged in the separated magnetic magnetic bridge 36 at rotor core pole shoe portion 35 edges also is greater than the width of the separated magnetic magnetic bridge of first embodiment of the invention, thereby regulates magnetic circuit pressure drop and magnetic circuit degree of saturation at a distance from the magnetic magnetic bridge, can significantly improve air-gap field and distribute; Reduce leakage field, further reduce the cogging torque fluctuation.
Fig. 5 is two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors; Permanent magnetism groove radial section in these two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors all is cattle horn shape; Further feature is identical with third embodiment of the invention; Wherein radial section two kink of the permanent magnetism groove 43 in the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor shown in Fig. 5 a is H1 towards the width of rotor core cylindrical one side; Radial section two kink of the permanent magnetism groove 53 in the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor shown in Fig. 5 b is H2 towards the width of rotor core cylindrical one side, and radial section two bent angle shape kink of the permanent magnetism groove 33 in the third embodiment of the invention is H3 (referring to Fig. 4) towards the width of rotor core cylindrical one side, and H1<H2<H3 is then arranged; H2=1.8H1 wherein, H3=3.8H1; Therefore the width of the separated magnetic magnetic bridge 56 in the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor shown in Fig. 5 b is greater than the width of the separated magnetic magnetic bridge 46 in the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor shown in Fig. 5 a, and less than the width of the separated magnetic magnetic bridge 36 in the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is to two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors shown in Figure 5; And the cogging torque oscillogram that obtains of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor actual measurement of third embodiment of the invention; Cog number axis wherein is a cogging torque, and the θ number axis is an electrical degree, and curve S 1 is the cogging torque waveform of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor shown in Fig. 5 a; Curve S 2 is cogging torque waveforms of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor shown in Fig. 5 b, and curve S 3 is cogging torque waveforms of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of third embodiment of the invention;
Visible by Fig. 6; The built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of third embodiment of the invention is because it is at a distance from the width of the magnetic magnetic bridge width much larger than the separated magnetic magnetic bridge of two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors shown in Figure 5; Two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors shown in Figure 5 are compared in its cogging torque fluctuation has remarkable reduction, and the synthetic torque ripple of motor is significantly reduced, and can suppress static and dynamic armature reaction; Reduce mechanical oscillation; Improve overload capacity, help the motor frequent starting, make motor have characteristics such as high output, high reliability, low fluctuation, fast-response, low noise, miniaturization and and even running.
Fig. 7 is to two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors shown in Figure 5; And the counter potential waveform figure that obtains of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor actual measurement of third embodiment of the invention; E number axis wherein is a back-emf, and the θ number axis is an electrical degree, and curve E1 is the counter potential waveform of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor shown in Fig. 5 a; Curve E2 is the counter potential waveform of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor shown in Fig. 5 b, and curve E3 is the counter potential waveform of the built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of third embodiment of the invention;
Visible by Fig. 7; The built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of third embodiment of the invention is because it is at a distance from the width of the magnetic magnetic bridge width much larger than the separated magnetic magnetic bridge of two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors shown in Figure 5; Its back-emf amplitude is compared two kinds of built-in type permanent-magnet rotors shown in Figure 5 has remarkable increase, has optimized the magnetic circuit degree of saturation at separated magnetic magnetic bridge place effectively, can improve air-gap field and distribute; Reduce leakage field, improve the power density and the torque density of motor.
Claims (4)
1. the low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of a brushless electric machine; Comprise rotating shaft; And the coaxial rotor core that is fixed in the rotating shaft, axial symmetry is provided with a plurality of permanent magnetism grooves on the said rotor core, and each permanent magnetism groove is all between the rotor core inside and outside circle; Be equipped with at least one permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove, it is characterized in that:
In the longitudinal axis of said rotor core, be respectively the radial slot heart line of each permanent magnetism groove, be respectively the radial slot tangent line of each permanent magnetism groove along tangent longitudinal axis with each permanent magnetism trough rim through the longitudinal axis of each permanent magnetism groove groove heart;
All the radial slot heart bobbin of self is symmetrical relatively for the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove, and the permanent magnet in each the permanent magnetism groove all radial slot heart bobbin symmetry of relative this permanent magnetism groove is laid;
In the longitudinal axis of said rotor core, be respectively the radial magnet tangent line of each permanent magnetism groove with the tangent longitudinal axis in permanent magnet edge in each permanent magnetism groove;
In the radial magnet tangent line of each permanent magnetism groove, the radial magnet tangent line adjacent with the radial slot tangent line of this permanent magnetism groove is the outer tangent line of the magnet of this permanent magnetism groove;
In the radial section of said rotor core; Angle between the radial slot heart line of each permanent magnetism groove and the radial slot tangent line of this permanent magnetism groove is the magnetic groove center half-angle of this permanent magnetism groove, and the angle between the outer tangent line of the radial slot heart line of each permanent magnetism groove and the magnet of this permanent magnetism groove is the magnet center half-angle of this permanent magnetism groove;
Ratio between the magnetic groove center half-angle of the magnet center half-angle of each permanent magnetism groove and this permanent magnetism groove is: φ 1/ φ 2=0.82 ± 0.01;
Wherein, φ 1 is the magnet center half-angle of permanent magnetism groove, and φ 2 is the magnetic groove center half-angle of permanent magnetism groove.
2. the low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of brushless electric machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: it is straight that the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove all is the middle part; Two is towards the cattle horn shape of rotor core cylindrical bending, and the middle part straight section of each permanent magnetism groove radial section is all perpendicular to himself radial slot heart line;
Permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove is uniformly distributed with the in-line that is set as perpendicular to this permanent magnetism groove self radial slot heart line.
3. the low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of brushless electric machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove all is opening towards the V of rotor core cylindrical font, and the permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove is uniformly distributed with and is set as the big mouthful of splayed towards the rotor core cylindrical.
4. the low fluctuation built-in type permanent-magnet rotor of brushless electric machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: it is straight that the radial section of each permanent magnetism groove all is the middle part; Two is towards the rotor core cylindrical bending curved cattle horn shape that direction bends towards the other end again, and the middle part straight section of each permanent magnetism groove radial section is all perpendicular to this permanent magnetism groove self radial slot heart line;
Permanent magnet in each permanent magnetism groove is uniformly distributed with the in-line that is set as perpendicular to this permanent magnetism groove self radial slot heart line.
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Cited By (5)
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CN105449894A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-03-30 | 上海特波电机有限公司 | Asymmetric permanent magnet motor for new energy automobile |
CN105871098A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-08-17 | 上海特波电机有限公司 | Low-fluctuation asymmetric type permanent magnetic rotor for electric vehicle motor |
CN106602762A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-26 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Magnetic steel rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor |
US10658891B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 | 2020-05-19 | Danfoss (Tianjin), Ltd. | Motor |
EP3767796A4 (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2021-04-28 | Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai | Rotor structure, permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor and electric vehicle |
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CN101917076A (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2010-12-15 | 苏州工业园区和鑫电器有限公司 | Permanent magnet drive motor for solar tracking system |
CN202586550U (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-12-05 | 上海特波电机有限公司 | Low-ripple built-in permanent-magnet rotor of brushless motor |
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US20040007930A1 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2004-01-15 | Denso Corporation | Permanent-magnet rotor for an inner rotor type electric rotary machine and magnet-saving type rotor for a synchronous motor |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106602762A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-26 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Magnetic steel rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor |
CN106602762B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2024-01-12 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Magnetic steel rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor |
US10658891B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 | 2020-05-19 | Danfoss (Tianjin), Ltd. | Motor |
CN105449894A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-03-30 | 上海特波电机有限公司 | Asymmetric permanent magnet motor for new energy automobile |
CN105871098A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-08-17 | 上海特波电机有限公司 | Low-fluctuation asymmetric type permanent magnetic rotor for electric vehicle motor |
EP3767796A4 (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2021-04-28 | Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai | Rotor structure, permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor and electric vehicle |
US11705767B2 (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2023-07-18 | Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. Of Zhuhai | Rotor structure, permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor and electric vehicle |
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Application publication date: 20120912 |