Background technology
Intelligent transformer station and digital transformer substation are based on same standard IEC 61850 and same communications platform Ethernet, and according to the IEC61850 standard, the transformer substation communication system is divided into three layers, i.e. station level, wall and process layer.Wherein, The process layer network refers to the network between wall and the process layer; Main transmission GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event is towards the transformer substation case of general object), SV (Sample Value, sampled value) and IEEE1588 clock synchronization data.We know that the data message on the Ethernet can be divided into clean culture (Unicast) message, multicast (multicast) message and broadcasting (Broadcast) message by the destination address difference.And above-mentioned GOOSE message and SV message and IEEE1588 sync message etc. all are to adopt the destination address of multicast address as them, based on the transmission fast and efficiently of data between the machine-processed implement device of publisher/subscriber (Publisher/Subscriber).
Most of data of transmitting on the process layer network all are multicasts; And multicast does not add filtration, and exchange opportunity is it and the same processing of broadcasting, therefore; This just needs us that multicast is effectively managed and filtered, to reduce offered load, improve networks efficiency, to reduce time-delay on the network etc.At present; Traditional in transformer station, be used for the method that switch manages and filter multicast and mainly contain VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network; VLAN) technology, GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol; GARP Multicast Registration Protocol) technology etc., introduce respectively in the face of above-mentioned two kinds of technology down:
One, vlan technology.
Vlan technology mainly proposes in order to solve switch can't limit broadcasting (Broadcast) when carrying out local area network interconnection problem.As shown in Figure 1, this technology can be divided into LAN (and the VLAN of a plurality of logics to a LAN (Local Area Network, local area network (LAN)); As shown in Figure 2); Each VLAN is a broadcast domain, and the inter-host communication in the VLAN is just with the same in a LAN, then directly intercommunication between VLAN; Like this, broadcasting, multicast message are limited in the VLAN.At present; What the process layer adopted is the IEEE802.1Q vlan technology; This technology is added the IEEE802.1Q label in message; SWITCH (EPA switch) is through to the VLAN under the identification of the label decision message and in corresponding VLAN, transmitting, and will this message can not occur among other VLAN.
The division of IEEE802.1Q VLAN is through adding sign to Frame in essence, and switch reaches the isolation in link-layer broadcast territory through the identification to sign, through set up the mapping relations realization of port and VLAN tag in switch inside.Switch with 802.1Q functionality of vlan is generally given tacit consent to and is opened VLAN1, and this VLAN acquiescence comprises all of the port (comprising CPU), and tape label not during the output of acquiescence message.Switch VLAN division rule can belong to a plurality of VLAN for each port, and each VLAN can comprise a plurality of ports, and supports the setting of intersection VLAN.In practical application; These characteristics have determined each IED (Intelligent Electronic Devices; Intelligent electronic device) device can be contained among a plurality of VLAN, and this IED device just can receive multicast message that a plurality of MU (Merging Unit) send simultaneously like this.
Yet,, but still can't well manage the multicast message in the VLAN though adopt vlan technology to satisfy the basic demand that intelligent substation process layer network is used.This mainly is because the formulation of the collocation strategy of VLAN and practical operation are all relatively complicated; It is all inequality that the VLAN configuration mode of each manufacturer's switch and VLAN transmit rule; Thereby bring very big difficulty for the engineering debug personnel's of system integrator on-site maintenance, cause having drawback in process layer large-scale application.
Two, GMRP technology.
The GMRP technology adopts the mode of dynamic registration to realize the dynamic learning of multicast address, and when certain IED device wanted to add a multicast group, it need send a GMRP join information.In case receive GMRP join information, switch will join suitable multicast group with the port of receiving this information.Switch sends to GMRP join information among the VLAN on all other devices, and wherein a table apparatus is as multicast source, and when multicast source sent multicast information, switch only sent multicast information through the port that before joined this multicast group.In addition, exchange opportunity is periodically sent the GMRP inquiry, if device is wanted to stay in the multicast group, it will respond the GMRP inquiry, and in this case, switch has no operation; If device is not wanted to stay in the multicast group, it promptly can send the also not response cycle property GMRP inquiry of a leave information.In case switch is received device leave information or the overtime corresponding information of not receiving during timer (leave all timer) is set, it is this device of deletion from multicast group just.
Yet employing should technology also have a shortcoming, promptly can't observe the forwarding situation of multicast intuitively, and therefore the accurate reason that occurs of orientation problem when going wrong adopts the GMRP technology to safeguard that equally at the scene there is big difficulty in the aspect.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is done further to describe.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 3, a kind of intelligent substation process layer multicast management method may further comprise the steps:
Step S1 adopts the static multicast technology, according to pre-defined rule switch is carried out the static multicast configuration, generates the static multicast allocation list;
Step S2 transmits the multicast of the MAC Address of in said static multicast allocation list, having registered according to the port of configuration.
The mode of static multicast technology through manual configuration switch static multicast allocation list realizes that the multicast frame of particular mac address transmits to the port of configuration, and the multicast frame of this MAC Address then can not appear in other port.
As an embodiment preferably, as shown in Figure 4, said according to pre-defined rule carry out the static multicast configuration, the process that generates the static multicast allocation list specifically can be for as follows:
Step S10 confirms quantity and the correlation of MU and IED;
Step S12 confirms networking structure and the IED of each switch, the access interface of MU;
Step S14 is to each MU configuration MAC Address;
Step S16 according to the transmitting-receiving relation of IED, MU, carries out the static multicast configuration on each switch, generate the static multicast allocation list.
Be that configuration describes in detail example to the static multicast in the present embodiment with process layer SV network below:
The SV network is made up of equipment such as MU, IED, SWITCH; MU produces the SV message and transmits to corresponding ports according to the static multicast configuring condition of SWITCH; Other port will this multicast message can not occur; When same IED equipment need receive the multicast message that a plurality of MU send, only need when the SWITCH multicast registration this port added in the corresponding multicast address getting final product.Simultaneously, in order to solve many SWITCH cascade problems, need cascade port be added in the multicast address of every registration.It is as shown in Figure 5 to suppose that we have a process layer network; The identical multicast message of MAC Address (the multicast here promptly is the SV message) is sent out, received to MU, the IED device of same color (depth with gray scale in scheming is represented various colors); MU sends multicast message, IED device receiving group message.From Fig. 5, can know: IED-1, IED-6 receive the SV message that MU-6 sends; IED-2 receives the SV message that MU-2 sends; IED-3, IED-4 receive the SV message of MU-3, MU-4 transmission; IED-5 receives the SV message of MU-1, MU-5 transmission.
Can be known that by Fig. 6 IED-3, IED-4 receive the SV message of next MU-3 and MU-4 respectively, and MU-4 is connected on the SWITCH-2, the IED-3 device is connected on the SWITCH-1.Therefore, the SV message that MU-4 sends need pass through the cascade port of SWITCH-2 and SWITCH-1, and the SV message that same MU-3 sends need pass through to be delivered in the IED-4 device after SWITCH-1 switch cascade port one sends to SWITCH-2 cascade port one.Other MU-1, MU-5, MU-6 all need send the SV message to corresponding IED device through the cascade port of SWITCH.Have only IED-2 to receive only the SV message that the MU-2 on this SWITCH sends, therefore, the SV message that MU-2 sends is unnecessary to be occurred at the cascade port.
Networking structure and the IED of quantity and correlation, each switch of MU and IED, the access interface of MU have been confirmed above, down in the face of each MU configuration MAC Address.It is as shown in table 1 below to suppose that MU-1~MU-6 sends the multicast message MAC Address:
Table 1.MU device sends mac address table
Sequence number |
The MU device | MAC Address | |
1 |
MU-1 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-01 |
2 |
MU-2 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-02 |
3 |
MU-3 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-03 |
4 |
MU-4 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-04 |
5 |
MU-5 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-05 |
6 |
MU-6 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-06 |
According to above condition, can carry out the static multicast configuration respectively to SWITCH-1 and SWITCH-2, generate the static multicast allocation list.The port numbers of SWITCH device is as the criterion with Fig. 5 or Fig. 6, and the static multicast allocation list of the SWITCH-1 that then generates is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2.SWITCH-1 static multicast allocation list
Sequence number |
MAC Address | Port numbers | |
1 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-01 |
1、5 |
2 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-02 |
3、6 |
3 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-03 |
1、4、7 |
4 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-04 |
1、4、7 |
5 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-05 |
1、5 |
6 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-06 |
1、2 |
In addition, the static multicast allocation list of the SWITCH-2 of generation is as shown in table 3 below:
Table 3.SWITCH-2 static multicast allocation list
Sequence number |
MAC Address | Port numbers | |
1 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-01 |
1、3、6 |
2 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-02 |
1 |
3 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-03 |
1、2、5 |
4 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-04 |
1、2、5 |
5 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-05 |
1、3、6 |
6 |
01-0C-CD-04-00-06 |
1、4、7 |
Because MAC Address is only transmitted on SWITCH-1 for the multicast of " 01-0C-CD-04-00-02 ", therefore on SWITCH-2, can dispose.
The static multicast technology adopts the forwarding scope of method control multicast address in switch of static configuration, and the clauses and subclauses that disposed can be broadcast in the table in the static group configuration and show, and transmit by the port range that disposes in the static multicast allocation list.According to top setting, MAC Address is that the multicast of " 01-0C-CD-04-00-01 "~" 01-0C-CD-04-00-06 " will only appear on the port of configuration, and other port will can not occur.
As an embodiment preferably; As shown in Figure 4; Said step S14 to after each MU configuration MAC Address, step S16 before carrying out the static multicast configuration on each switch, can also comprise step S15: the processing mode (said unregistered multicast promptly refers to not exist in the static multicast allocation list multicast of corresponding MAC Address) that unregistered multicast is set.After static state had been added the multicast allocation list in switch, SWITCH supported that other does not add the processing mode of the multicast in the multicast allocation list to through the decision of internal control word, can select as required to abandon or transmit.When selecting to abandon, unregistered multicast packet frame will directly be dropped after input and can not be forwarded to other ports; When selecting to transmit, unregistered multicast packet frame will transmitted in whole LAN scope after the input.As an embodiment preferably, we can select unregistered multicast is carried out direct discard processing, so can significantly reduce the network message flow, and can realize insurmountable other MAC Address multicast forwarding problem of VLAN.
In addition; As shown in Figure 4; Said step S16 carries out the static multicast configuration, generates after the static multicast allocation list on each switch, can also comprise step S18: carry out test operation, judge whether multicast is transmitted on network according to the configuration requirement in the said static multicast allocation list; If then the static multicast configuration finishes; If not, then return step S10, promptly carry out the static multicast configuration again.
Embodiment two
Corresponding with above-mentioned a kind of intelligent substation process layer multicast management method, the present invention also provides a kind of intelligent substation process layer multicast management device, and as shown in Figure 7, this device comprises:
Static multicast configuration module (1) is used to adopt the static multicast technology, according to pre-defined rule switch is carried out the static multicast configuration, generates the static multicast allocation list;
Forwarding module (2) is used for the multicast of the MAC Address of having registered at said static multicast allocation list is transmitted according to the port of configuration.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 8, said static multicast configuration module can comprise:
First initialization unit (10) is used for confirming quantity and the correlation of MU and IED;
Second initialization unit (12) that is connected with said first initialization unit is used for confirming networking structure and the IED of each switch, the access interface of MU;
The MAC Address dispensing unit (14) that is connected with said second initialization unit is used for each MU configuration MAC Address;
The static multicast allocation list generation unit (16) that is connected with said MAC Address dispensing unit is used for the transmitting-receiving relation according to IED, MU, on each switch, carries out the static multicast configuration, generates the static multicast allocation list.
In addition, said static multicast configuration module can also comprise:
Be connected and between said MAC Address dispensing unit, the static multicast allocation list generation unit unit (15) be set, be used to be provided with the processing mode of unregistered multicast.
Preferably, the said module that is provided with can comprise the multicast discarding unit, is used for unregistered multicast is carried out discard processing.
Preferably; Said static multicast configuration module can also comprise: the test and the judging unit (18) that are connected with said static multicast allocation list generation module; Be used on each switch, carrying out after the static multicast configuration; Carry out test operation, judge whether multicast is transmitted on network according to the configuration requirement in the said static multicast allocation list; If then the static multicast configuration finishes; If not, then carry out the static multicast configuration again.
Other technical characterictic of a kind of intelligent substation process layer multicast management device in the present embodiment is identical with a kind of intelligent substation process layer multicast management method among the embodiment one, does not repeat them here.
Can find out that through above several embodiment intelligent substation process layer multicast management method of the present invention and device have following advantage:
One, purified network environment: to the problem that multicast message can't be managed according to MAC Address, various multicast message is all broadcasted processing on vlan network in traditional vlan technology; The present invention adopts the static multicast technology; Can carry out the forwarding of multicast message according to the registration multicast address; Unregistered multicast can be set to discard processing on demand, thereby has realized the accurate control of the message flow on the network;
Two, convenient construction: collocation strategy of the present invention is clear succinct; The static multicast control strategy and the configuration mode of each manufacturer's switch are basic identical; Efficiently solve owing to the different a series of problems brought of each VLAN of producer set-up mode; Thereby for field conduct and operation bring convenience, improved construction schedule greatly, be convenient to promote the use of;
Three, intuitive is strong; Be convenient to on-site maintenance: owing to adopt the static multicast technology to carry out the network message management; Can directly adopt multicast and IED device corresponding mode to come the maintaining network message; Every IED device receive which multicast address promptly this IED device and which platform MU equipment taken place relatedly, very directly perceived, can confirm rapidly that when designated port occurring and receive other multicast message network settings go wrong or other network problem occurred; Maintain easily, need not carry out the VLAN conversion;
Four, safe and reliable: employing static multicast technology has solved GMRP Failure Of Protocol problem and VLAN can't carry out the problem of traffic management according to multicast, thereby has promoted the fail safe and the reliability of network greatly, has a good application prospect.
The above embodiment has only expressed several kinds of execution modes of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with accompanying claims.