CN102663151B - Nuclear radiation shielding material optimization design method - Google Patents
Nuclear radiation shielding material optimization design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102663151B CN102663151B CN201210054251.9A CN201210054251A CN102663151B CN 102663151 B CN102663151 B CN 102663151B CN 201210054251 A CN201210054251 A CN 201210054251A CN 102663151 B CN102663151 B CN 102663151B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a nuclear radiation shielding material optimization design method, comprising the following steps: (1) initializing a material ratio; (2) according to the element ratio obtained in step (1), respectively calculating physical quantities of shielding properties, thermal properties, mechanical properties and etc. of characteristic materials; (3) making results of step (2) dimensionless and then calculating a weighted sum; (4) obtaining an optimized objective function value from step (3), the value being one daughter of genetic algorithm; corresponding to the material ratio adaptation characteristics, using the genetic algorithm to conduct choosing, crossing and variation to give a new material component ratio, and then repeating step (1); outputting an optimized material ratio after the objective function gets an optimum value through loop calculation. The nuclear radiation shielding material optimization design method, 1) realizes component optimization design of a plurality of materials, 2) can be easily complied to a computer program for improving searching efficiency and effectively guiding the design and production of a nuclear radiation shielding material, and 3) comprehensively takes multiple properties of materials into account, and thus is capable of optimizing and designing a novel shielding material with good comprehensive properties.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to Material Field, relate to a kind of optimization of material method for designing, especially a kind of Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation Optimization Design.
Background technology:
Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation is the important component part of all kinds of nuclear facilities, is that can nuclear science technology put into practice one of the deciding factor that implement smoothly.
The method of production of traditional core radiation shielding material is to calculate and professional experiences decision material substance proportioning by a large amount of theories, then carries out technical study, and then produces material sample, carries out experiment measuring, and the shielding material of finally selecting is as approved product.Tradition method of production has cycle length, raw material resources to expend the deficiencies such as large.The more important thing is, traditional method of production is difficult to be extended in the Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation development in other field.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation Optimization Design is provided, the optimal design that can realize neutron, γ mixed radiation shielding material component, makes the development of Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation cross science saving type by traditional type.It has overcome traditional method of production cycle length, raw material resources expends the deficiencies such as large.The method can be designed the high performance material that quality is light, volume is little, nuclear radiation shield performance is good, is applicable to the design of component and the structure of Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation, can be extended to nuclear fusion, nuclear waste disposal, and even the field such as aerospace engineering.
Technical scheme of the present invention realizes as follows:
A Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation Optimization Design, comprises the steps:
(1) by material mixture ratio initialization: determine the component of designed Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation, generate a material composition proportioning by genetic algorithm, calculate the proportioning of the various elements that form these materials;
(2) the element proportioning obtaining according to step (1), difference computational representation material shielding performance, the physical quantity of mechanics, thermal property and anti-radiation performance, as: the gamma-rays after material shielding and accumulated dose equivalent, material thermal conductivity, material thermal expansion coefficient and the elasticity modulus of materials etc. of neutron, each amount, as sub-goal, provides each calculated value;
(3) to according to after step (2) result nondimensionalization, according to design, need to be weighted summation;
(4) according to step (3), obtain the value of an optimization aim function, this value is exactly a daughter in genetic algorithm; Respective material proportioning adaptive character, selects, can provide a new material composition proportioning after crossover and mutation this daughter by genetic algorithm, then repeating step (1); By cycle calculations, objective function will obtain an optimum value, the material mixture ratio after output optimization.
In general, this optimum value is exactly maximal value or the minimum value of objective function.The groundwork of this method is to do Novel shielding design of material, the accumulated dose equivalent of material after to the shielding in neutron and gamma-rays mixing source is exactly leading factor, choose larger weight factor, and wish that its value is the smaller the better, namely require the minimum value of optimization problem.So step 3) weighted sum in will be carried out suitable mathematics manipulation.
Note: 1. the method also can shield the single goal optimal design of rear metering; 2. the method not only can be carried out the optimal design of material component, also can carry out the optimal design of shield structure.
The creativeness of Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation Optimization Design of the present invention is embodied in following aspect:
1) by suitable selection genetic algorithm parameter, the unfavorable factors such as the low or Premature Convergence of OPTIMIZATION EFFICIENCY FOR GENETIC ALGORITHMS have been overcome;
2) Optimization Design based on genetic algorithm has realized the interface processing of genetic algorithm program and material property calculation procedure and shielding properties software for calculation, has guaranteed the realization by the process of optimization of genetic algorithm control;
3) in algorithm, need recursive call correlator program, for taking into account the accuracy of calculating and the high efficiency of optimization computing, set up simple and easy reliable SHIELDING CALCULATION physical model, and in genetic algorithm, enabled the skills such as data precision control;
4) multi-objective optimization design of power method key is the nondimensionalization of each aim parameter and the selection of weight factor, makes result of calculation have physical significance, meets engineering actual conditions.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reaches comprises:
1) can be optimized design to multiple material component;
2) be easy to be compiled into computer program and improve Searching efficiency, effectively instruct design and the production of Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation;
3) consider the impact of the multiple performance of shielding material, can optimal design go out the good Novel shielding material of combination property.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is genetic algorithm optimization material movement figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the curve map of the material thickness-accumulated dose equivalent for PBa, PBb, PBc and reference material of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is multiple designing material sample of the present invention and reference material deep penetration shielding properties comparison diagram;
Fig. 4 is the accumulated dose-thickness map of five kinds of materials of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1:
The optimal design of lead-boron polythene series material.
The stock component of selecting is tygon, boron carbide and lead.The objective function of optimizing is the accumulated dose equivalent after shielding.Constraint condition is the percentage composition of density He certain component of material.In Table 5-1.
Further investigation genetic algorithm program GENOCOPII and MCNP software.As required they are done to suitable improvement, the connection of being convenient to two programs be connected after operation.Utilize C language to realize and in genetic algorithm program GENOCOPII, call MCNP software, complete the debugging of whole algorithm.Then selected material is out optimized to calculating.
Optimize result of calculation:
Result under first constraint condition of table 1 the inside is numbered PBa, and estimation density is 3.36gcm-3; Result under second constraint condition is numbered PBb, and estimation density is 3.84gcm-3; Result under the 3rd constraint condition is numbered PBc, and estimation density is 4.808gcm-3.
The trial result under several constraint condition of table 1
The a of Fig. 2, b, c are respectively the curves of material thickness-neutron source dose equivalent of the material of material PBa, PBb, the PBc contrast of putting together with seven kinds of comparative materials respectively.
Optimize material PBa because the restriction of constraint condition be take PB202 as reference, the material composition of optimizing is out also very little with PB202 difference, so both almost do not have difference in shielding properties.Being embodied in both curves on Fig. 2 also overlaps substantially.And relaxed the optimization material PBb that obtains after the restriction of constraint condition and the PBc PB202 that all compares on accumulated dose equivalent after shielding, had comparatively significantly and improved.
Embodiment 2:
The optimal design of polyester-based compound substance.
Choosing of component, in Table 2, chooses the component in table, and molecular formula and density together provide:
Available shielding material component under table 2 polyester combination process
As required they are done to suitable improvement, the connection of being convenient to two programs be connected after operation.Utilize C language to realize and in genetic algorithm program GENOCOPII, call MCNP software, complete the debugging of whole algorithm.Then selected material is out optimized to calculating.Wherein, optimize index and be gamma-rays after material shielding and accumulated dose equivalent or total population, the density that constraint condition is material and the percentage composition of certain material of neutron.
Operation Optimized Program can obtain a series of fission neutrons, γ mixed radiation shielding material is optimized sample, they have polyamide as Jxa1 and the Jxa2 sample of hardening agent, acid anhydrides is as the Pb6 sample of hardening agent, Djy sample based on hip moulding technique, and not iron content, tungsten and plumbous polyamide as the Interlayer sample (corresponding cake1 in figure, 2,3) of hardening agent.Because component also will be applied for a patent, therefore do not list herein.
Their shielding properties is by MCNP programming check, referring to Fig. 3.
Table 3 has comprehensively provided some other performances of material.
Many kinds of designing material samples of table 3 and the comparison of reference material main performance
Visible, the material shielding performance designing by this method is better than existing material.
Embodiment 3:
Multiple-objection optimization
The material component of selecting: epoxy resin, lithium carbonate, boron carbide, aluminium oxide, graphite, iron, gadolinium oxide, tungsten carbide, lead, nano titanium oxide.
The target of choosing is respectively the shielding properties of material, thermal conductivity, thermal expansivity, elastic modulus.Pressing experiment flow shown in Fig. 1 calculates.
Result of calculation.
Being numbered three kinds of materials of 1,2,3 corresponds respectively to: the first objective function weight coefficient α gets 0.8, and the second objective function weight coefficient α gets 0.9, and the third objective function weight coefficient α gets 0.9.Comparative material is elected PB202 and Cake1 as.
Table 4 has provided the physical property performance parameter through each material of MCNP check, and Fig. 4 has provided the comparison of the shield effectiveness of five kinds of materials above-mentioned.
Table 4 is through the physical property performance parameter of each material of MCNP check
The effect of invention
The material designed of application this method, its shielding properties is stood the check of analog computation and experiment: utilize the material thickness of MCNP program calculation optimization resulting materials-see through dose equivalent curve; Contrast with the curve of existing other more representational shielding material, prove credible result and the better effects if optimizing out.
The large content of starting materials of traditional material development waste, manpower, money and the deficiency of time have been avoided.The quality of materials of optimization is light, volume is little, advantages of good shielding performance.Meanwhile, the mechanics of materials and the calorifics designed are better.
Fig. 1 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the curve of material thickness-accumulated dose equivalent of PBa, PBb, PBc and reference material, corresponding embodiment 1; Fig. 3 is multiple designing material sample and the comparison of reference material deep penetration shielding properties, corresponding embodiment 2;
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet not in order to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, when can utilizing the method for above-mentioned announcement and technology contents to make a little change or being modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation Optimization Design, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) by material mixture ratio initialization: determine the component of designed Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation, generate a material composition proportioning by genetic algorithm, calculate the proportioning of the various elements that form these materials;
(2) the element proportioning obtaining according to step (1), difference computational representation material shielding performance, the physical quantity of mechanics, thermal property and anti-radiation performance;
(3) to according to carrying out weighted sum after step (2) result nondimensionalization; Choosing of the use of described nondimensionalization method and weight coefficient, wherein nondimensionalization is to calculate accurately in order to guarantee, the selection of weight coefficient is in order to adapt to designing requirement;
(4) according to step (3), obtain the value of an optimization aim function, this value is exactly a daughter in genetic algorithm; Respective material proportioning adaptive character, selects, can provide a new material composition proportioning after crossover and mutation this daughter by genetic algorithm, then repeating step (1); By cycle calculations, objective function will obtain an optimum value, the material mixture ratio after output optimization.
2. Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation Optimization Design as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), be the application of genetic algorithm program, generate an initial material composition proportioning, write out on request one with the input file of Prescribed Properties.
3. Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation Optimization Design as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (2) is the selection and calculation of sub-goal, and these sub-goals can represent shielding properties, mechanics, calorifics and the anti-radiation performance of material; Realize the foundation of sub-goal model and the output of result, and carry out interface with genetic algorithm program.
4. Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation Optimization Design as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (4) is the realization of loop calculation, and the generation of new material mixture ratio is to guarantee that the result of calculating is towards the future development of expection.
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| CN110955995B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2023-04-18 | 上海理工大学 | Optimization design method for broadband damping composite material |
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