CN102660747A - Thiourea compound rust remover and rust removal paste for protecting silverware and gilded silverware - Google Patents
Thiourea compound rust remover and rust removal paste for protecting silverware and gilded silverware Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102660747A CN102660747A CN2012101093288A CN201210109328A CN102660747A CN 102660747 A CN102660747 A CN 102660747A CN 2012101093288 A CN2012101093288 A CN 2012101093288A CN 201210109328 A CN201210109328 A CN 201210109328A CN 102660747 A CN102660747 A CN 102660747A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- silverware
- rust
- silver
- gold
- decorated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention provides a thiourea compound rust remover and rust removal paste for protecting silverware and gilded silverware. The rust remover comprises of thiourea 0.9-1.1 mol/l and ferric sulfate of 0.01-0.015 mol/l and has the pH value of 1-2. The rust removal paste is prepared by adding 1.6-1.8 g of gelatin and 9-10 g of diatomite in 10 ml of rust remover with uniformly stirring and has the pH value of 2-3. The rust remover can be used in concert with the rust removal paste for removing black corrosion on the ancient silverware and gilded silverware surfaces with good effect. The rust remover and the rust removal paste accord with the protecting principles of cultural relics, such as no change of original states of cultural relics and minimal intervention, and don't cause physical damage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of silverware and the rust remover and the descaling grease of gold-decorated silverware protection in ancient times that is used for, relate to a kind of composite rust remover of Thiourea and descaling grease that ancient times, silverware was protected with gold-decorated silverware that be used in more detail.
Background technology
In the historical relic's protection practice, carried out silverware and the experimental study of gold-decorated silverware surface derusting:
" Zhang Guangmin; Xiong Yingfei; Open tender tea leaves. XiLin, Songjiang tower underground palace is unearthed, and gold jewellery is silver-colored, copper figure of buddha surface treatment. and engage in archaeological studies and cultural relic protecting chemical academic meeting paper collection in the 6th whole nation. Quanzhou, Fujian. Chinese Chemical Society publishes .2000; 66-71. " analyzed the gold-decorated silver-colored figure of buddha of unearthed Song dynasty to the Ming Dynasty of XiLin, Songjiang, Shanghai tower underground palace, gold-decorated silver-colored tower surface rust deposite, carried out multiple removing method relatively, prove to be added in to add 0.2%1-phenyl-5-mercapto tetrazole (PMTA) in 2% citric acid solution as inhibiter; Gold-decorated silver-colored figure of buddha surface " crystal soda rust " (lime carbonate) there is good removal ability, can slows down the corrosion of acid solution again silver.Concrete treatment process is to put into soak solution after wrapping up gold-decorated silverware with absorbent cotton, takes out after half a hour, puts into 40 ℃ of warm water again, removes behind the cotton zero(ppm) water and cleans up and dry, and so repeats 4-5 time, can be with " crystal soda rust " Ex-all.This immersion process both can be removed rust deposite, can intactly protect gold-decorated layer again.
" Liu Ying. the cleaning and the protection of Leifeng Tower underground palace unearthed relics. second academic nd Annual Meeting collection of China Association for Preservation Technology of Cultural Relics. Xi'an .2002; 393-395. " introduced be unearthed 14 in silverware of Leifeng Tower underground palace; Mainly contain silver gold-decorated tower, gold-decorated hole silver pad, gold-decorated silver-colored box, gold-decorated silver-colored waistband, the silver-colored armlet of engraving; Silver hair pins etc. at first dip in zero(ppm) water clean surface surface dust with writing brush, with 5% concentrated crystal soda solution soaking; The softening back of rusty scale is with the ultrasonic cavitron rust cleaning, and repeated multiple times is removed clean up to rusty scale.Zero(ppm) water is removed and is remained in the reagent on the implements, and envelope is protected implements then.
" M.C.Bernard; E.Dauvergne; M.Evesque; M.Keddam, H.Takenouti.Reduction of silver tarnishing and protection against subsequent corrosion [J] .Corrosion Science.2005,47 (3): 663-679. " introduced and in 5% concentrated crystal soda solution, used the cathodic reduction method to remove the silver sulfide that the surface forms.
" Xiao's phosphorus; Bai Yulong. analysis of corrosion thing and the guard method research be unearthed and stored sth. in a cellar silverware in the Pengzhou, Sichuan. engage in archaeological studies and the cultural relic protecting chemical academic conference in the 6th whole nation. Quanzhou .2000; 43-65. " utilize ESEM and X-ray diffractometer to analyze the Pengzhou, Sichuan to be unearthed and to store sth. in a cellar silverware top layer beige and black rusty scale, confirm that it is mainly Silver monochloride.According to silverware corrosion thing characteristic, through test and Selection efficient, gentle, easy-operating chemical clean rusty scale and parcel soil.Adopt 10% Sulfothiorine and ammoniacal liquor mixing solutions to remove Silver monochloride.For tire matter silverware preferably, clean mantoquita, CuO and Cu with EDTA (YD 30), NTA complexing agents such as (nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA)s) and thiocarbamide, ferrum sulfuricum oxydatum solutum
2O, and black silver bits and horn silver AgX.And use for reference the deposited method of paper pulp paste in stone inscription and the cleaning of ceramic historical relic, make cleaning process mitigation and easy to control.
" poplar is busy; Qi Yang. Famen Temple gold and silver device alteration factor analysis. the 4th academic nd Annual Meeting collection of China Association for Preservation Technology of Cultural Relics. Beijing: the .2005 of Science Press; 14-18. " in 9 gold-decorated silver hair pins that Chang'an Tang Mu is unearthed the gold-decorated silverware of the crisp hollow out as thin as a wafer of matter to take chemical rust removing be main; And handled the rust of privileged sites by mechanical means, machinery cuts off the rust iron block that sticks on the Fork, heats the toughness reinforcing processing of all Forks; And orthopedic to the distortion implements, the fracture location of employing glasscloth bonding and reinforcing hollow out hairpin.
" poplar is busy; Ren Caiyuan; Appoint and to newly arrive etc. the science protection and the technical study [J] of Famen Temple gold and silver device. archaeology and historical relic .2006 (3): 82-86. " in calendar year 2001 museum, Famen Temple more serious 52 silverwares and the gold-decorated silverware of corrosion taked emergency safeguard measure; At first, adopt the machinery method of wiping to remove a large amount of patinas of irregular scales patch, mechanical scalping method removal weld, the chemical rust removing method removal green patina that rusty scale is hard or machine tool is difficult to operate and black silver sulfide rust, the electrochemistry method of derusting then and remove Silver monochloride or silver sulfide etc. in the hole, silverware hole with the surperficial former esters of acrylic acid envelope cuticula of removings such as acetone.After removing the silverware surface corrosion, repeatedly soak and clean, after the drying, with absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone silverware surface organic residue with deionized water.
" Roberto Pini; Salvatore Siano; Renzo Salimbeni.Tests of laser cleaning on archeological metal artifacts.J.Cult.Heritage.2000,1:129-137. " metallic surfaces such as statue, ornamental of adopting laser technology to clean to change in quality because of atmospheric pollution, cleaned silverwares such as Italian unearthed coin, dish, anchor clamps and artwork; Adopt different laser systems and radiation parameter; Through metallographicobservation and optical observation, find that laser cleaning technique has fine selectivity and high-precision characteristics, can protect historical relic fine surface details.
" Zhu Hongfan. a kind of novel method [J] that silverware is handled. historical relic's protection and archaeology science .1990,02:5-11. " adopted the formic acid that has added a small amount of 1-phenyl-5-mercapto tetrazole (PMTA) to handle silverware surface rust deposite, effect is better.
This shows; Adopt materials such as Hydrocerol A, concentrated crystal soda, Sulfothiorine and ammoniacal liquor mixing solutions, YD 30, nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA), thiocarbamide to ancient times silverware and gold-decorated silverware to carry out processing of rust removing be that application is than the wide chemical method; Adopting technology such as laser technology, ultrasonic cavitron is to use physical method more widely; But all can not satisfy neither silverware and gold-decorated silverware generation cut in ancient times well; Can effectively remove the requirement of its surperficial silver sulfide, Silver monochloride, silver suboxide and patina again, thereby recover its artistic value.Therefore, be necessary to research and develop rust remover and descaling grease to silverware and gold-decorated silverware protection in ancient times
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on Eleventh Five-Year Plan national science and technology supporting plan project problem " Nanjing Bao en Temple ruins underground palace and the research of unearthed relics resist technology " (project number: patented claim 2009BAK53B07).
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of silverware and the composite rust remover of Thiourea and the descaling grease of gold-decorated silverware protection in ancient times that is used for, to improve the defective that exists in the known technology.
Be to realize above-mentioned purpose, provided by the inventionly be used for the composite rust remover of Thiourea that ancient times, silverware was protected with gold-decorated silverware, contain the thiocarbamide of 0.9-1.0mol/l and the ferric sulfate of 0.01-0.015mol/l, pH is 1-2.Preferably contain the thiocarbamide of 1.0mol/l and the ferric sulfate of 0.0125mol/l, pH is 1.
The silverware and the composite descaling grease of Thiourea of gold-decorated silverware protection in ancient times that is used for provided by the invention; In the solution that contains 0.9-1.0mol/l thiocarbamide and 0.01-0.015mol/l ferric sulfate, mix well by per 10 ml solns interpolation 1.6-1.8 gram gelatin and 9-10 gram zeyssatite.Preferably in the solution that contains 1.0mol/l thiocarbamide and 0.0125mol/l ferric sulfate, mix well by 1.7 gram gelatin of interpolation in per 10 ml solns and 9.4 gram zeyssatite.
Rust remover provided by the invention and descaling grease have remedied fails to take into account well silverware and gold-decorated silverware cultural artifact surface integrity in ancient times in the known technology; And the requirement of effectively removing its surperficial silver sulfide, Silver monochloride, silver suboxide and patina, and meet historical relic's protection principles such as not changing historical relic original state, minimum of interference.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a silver coin to be eliminated rust.
After Fig. 2 is silver coin 1/4th zone rust cleaning.
Fig. 3 is a silver coin surface scan electronic microscope photos.
Fig. 4 a is a microphotograph (50x) before the local rust cleaning of silver coin, and Fig. 4 b is the local rust cleaning back microphotograph contrast of silver coin (50x).
Fig. 5 a is the preceding ESEM secondary electron image of rust cleaning, and Fig. 5 b is that descaling grease is to simulation Ag
2The ESEM secondary electron image of effect after S corrosion sample eliminates rust.
Fig. 6 is a photo before the gold-decorated silver-colored rivet rust cleaning.
Fig. 7 is a gold-decorated silver-colored rivet rust cleaning back photo; Wherein a is the photo before the cotton swab wiping, and b is the photo after the cotton swab wiping.
Fig. 8 a is the sem photograph before the gold-decorated silver-colored rivet rust cleaning, and Fig. 8 b is the sem photograph after the gold-decorated silver-colored rivet rust cleaning.
Embodiment
The silverware and the consisting of of the rust remover of gold-decorated silverware protection in ancient times that is used for provided by the invention: the thiocarbamide of 0.9-1.0mol/l, the ferric sulfate of 0.01-0.015mol/l, it is 1-2 that dilute sulphuric acid is transferred pH; The ferric sulfate of the thiocarbamide of 1.0mol/l, 0.0125mol/l preferably, it is 1 that dilute sulphuric acid is transferred pH.
Consisting of of descaling grease: interpolation 1.6-1.8 gram gelatin and 9-10 restrain zeyssatite in per 10 milliliters of above-mentioned rust remover solution, mix well to get final product, and descaling grease pH is 2-3; Interpolation 1.7 gram gelatin and 9.4 restrain zeyssatite in preferably per 10 milliliters of rust remover solution, mix well to get final product, and descaling grease pH is 2-3.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated.
1, the rust cleaning of the composite rust remover of Thiourea test
Table 1 is seen in the proportioning of rust remover and main effect, and rust remover is numbered Z7.
Be the rust cleaning effect of test Z7 prescription, the silver coin of selecting one piece of the Republic of China period for use is as subjects (Fig. 1), and test eliminates rust.
ESEM and power spectrum ultimate analysis are carried out in the silver coin surface; Analytical results shows (Fig. 3, table 2), and silver coin is a yellow gold, and there is the S and the Cl element of certain content on the surface; The S in the EDX2 zone that corrosion degree is higher and Cl content explain that apparently higher than EDX1 silver sulfide and Silver monochloride corrosion product all have.
Dip in cotton swab and to get Z7 prescription rust cleaning material, the wiping rust cleaning is carried out in silver coin 1/4th zones, respond well, black silver rust is obviously removed (Fig. 2).
As shown in Figure 4; To silver coin should the zone before and after the rust cleaning same area carry out the metallography microscope sem observation and take pictures, visible cotton swab dip in get the wiping of Z7 rust cleaning material after, can obviously remove silver coin surface scales; And do not produce new cut; Thereby explain that this rust cleaning material when removing the silverware surface corrosion, does not have side effects to silverware, meet the historical relic's protection principle.
2, the rust cleaning of the composite descaling grease of Thiourea test
The configuration of the composite descaling grease of thiocarbamide: in the Z7 formula solution, add an amount of gelatin and zeyssatite, mix, process descaling grease, cooperate rust cleaning liquid to use, the rust cleaning effect is better.Concrete prescription is: add 1.7 gram gelatin and 9.4 gram zeyssatite in per 10 milliliters of Z7 solution, descaling grease pH is about 2-3.Desilver rust effect reaches the impact evaluation to the silverware matrix: dip in cotton swab and get rust cream, at simulation Ag
2Wiping on the S corrosion sample can be removed scales, exposes silver matrix.Before removing silver-colored rust, observe with simulation silver specimen surface afterwards respectively with the material microscope, behind the discovery desilver rust, the silver strip surface does not produce new corrosion and cut.The proof descaling grease can effectively be removed the silver rust, and to not infringement of silver matrix.
3, gold-decorated silver-colored rivet rust cleaning test
Silverware is eliminated rust test and obtain ideal effect after, the gold-decorated silver-colored rivet that the big Bao en Temple underground palace in Nanjing is unearthed on Asoka's tower has carried out the rust cleaning test.
More than 300 piece of gold-decorated silver-colored rivet arranged on Asoka's tower, and through analyzing and observing, the head of a nail is that silver is gold-decorated, and nail is silver.About 6 millimeters of head of a nail diameter, nail is about the 7-9 millimeter.Because number of rivets is more, it is more quick that the chemical rust removing method is compared the physics rust removal method, and be difficult for producing scuffing.
Choose wherein one piece of test that eliminates rust, its entire body black tarnish, gold-decorated layer is close to covered fully (Fig. 6).Therefore, remove corrosion, to reduce its original looks very necessary as far as possible.
Scanning electron microscope analysis is the result show, the corrosion of this rivet surface coverage is mainly Ag
2S also has some iron rust.
Place Z7 rust cleaning prescription to soak 10 minutes in this rivet, take out the back and find that most of corrosion is removed, after the cotton swab wiping, effect is better.
Visible by rivet rust cleaning test, Z7 rust cleaning prescription has good rust cleaning effect for gold-decorated silver-colored rivet.
4, the silverware rust remover is to the corrosive nature research of silver matrix
Selected silver strip silver content is 99.9% mostly in the domestic silverware simulation rust cleaning test of carrying out, abroad then more options Stirling silver (Sterling silver, silver content are 92.5%) as the experimental study object.The big Bao en Temple underground palace in the Nanjing gold-decorated silverware silver tire silver content that is unearthed is about 94-95%, also has 1.0-1.7%Cu and 2.5-3.0%Au, therefore, in view of the above ratio manufacturing and simulating sample carry out simulation test will be more near the corrosion characteristics of this certification thing.Therefore, having made proportioning is Ag 96%, and Au 2%, simulation silverware in the ancient times test piece of Cu 2%, and thickness is about 0.5 millimeter.
Three simulation silverware test pieces in ancient times as parallel appearance, are put into Z7 rust cleaning prescription after weighing respectively, soak after 10 minutes and take out, clean respectively, dry, weigh, weightless data are listed in table 3.Rate of weight loss average out to 0.0372%, extremely low, explain that Z7 rust cleaning prescription is minimum to the corrosive nature of silver matrix.
Silver plate the same area before and after soaking is observed microstructure under ESEM; Silver plate does not receive the obvious corrosion effect before and after soaking; And from power spectrum elemental composition spectrogram, can find out; Oxygen level does not have obvious variation before and after soaking, and visible rust cleaning prescription is minimum to the corrosive nature of silver matrix.
In sum; Rust cleaning test to simulating silver-colored sample reaches the applied research on the gold-decorated in ancient times silverware; The result shows that rust remover provided by the invention and descaling grease all have good removal effect to the silver rust on silverware and gold-decorated silverware surface in ancient times with patina, and be minimum to the corrosive nature of silverware body; And do not produce department of physics's damage, meet historical relic's protection principles such as not changing historical relic original state, minimum of interference.
Table 1: the proportioning of rust remover and main effect
Table 2: silver coin surface scan Electronic Speculum power spectrum elemental composition analytical results (at%)
| Element | Mg | Al | Si | S | Cl | Ag | Fe | Cu |
| EDX1 | 5.16 | 1.75 | 2.73 | 2.25 | 0.78 | 79.38 | - | 7.95 |
| EDX2 | 4.77 | 11.10 | 25.75 | 4.44 | 7.91 | 34.50 | 2.91 | 8.60 |
Table 3: the weightless data silver plate soaks 10 minutes in the Z7 prescription after
Claims (4)
1. one kind is used for silverware and the composite rust remover of Thiourea of gold-decorated silverware protection in ancient times, contains the thiocarbamide of 0.9-1.0mol/l and the ferric sulfate of 0.01-0.015mol/l, and pH is 1-2.
2. rust remover as claimed in claim 1 wherein, contains the thiocarbamide of 1.0mol/l and the ferric sulfate of 0.0125mol/l, and pH is 1.
3. one kind is used for silverware and the composite descaling grease of Thiourea of gold-decorated silverware protection in ancient times, in the solution that contains 0.9-1.0mol/l thiocarbamide and 0.01-0.015mol/l ferric sulfate, adds 1.6-1.8 gram gelatin and 9-10 by per 10 ml solns and restrains zeyssatite and mix well.
4. descaling grease as claimed in claim 3 wherein, in the solution that contains 1.0mol/l thiocarbamide and 0.0125mol/l ferric sulfate, is mixed well by 1.7 gram gelatin of interpolation in per 10 ml solns and 9.4 gram zeyssatite.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101093288A CN102660747A (en) | 2012-04-13 | 2012-04-13 | Thiourea compound rust remover and rust removal paste for protecting silverware and gilded silverware |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101093288A CN102660747A (en) | 2012-04-13 | 2012-04-13 | Thiourea compound rust remover and rust removal paste for protecting silverware and gilded silverware |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102660747A true CN102660747A (en) | 2012-09-12 |
Family
ID=46770321
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101093288A Pending CN102660747A (en) | 2012-04-13 | 2012-04-13 | Thiourea compound rust remover and rust removal paste for protecting silverware and gilded silverware |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102660747A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104630763A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-05-20 | 邯郸学院 | Silverware blackening agent |
| CN104924827A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-09-23 | 河南梦祥纯银制品有限公司 | Manufacturing method of antiqued silver |
| CN106701361A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 江苏本川智能电路科技股份有限公司 | Liquid medicine for washing photographic fixing cylinder and application method of liquid medicine |
| CN106917096A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-04 | 柳州立洁科技有限公司 | A kind of silverware cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107400892A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-28 | 江苏盐城环保科技城重金属防治研究中心 | A kind of processing method of fine silver product surface discoloration |
| CN107475731A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏盐城环保科技城重金属防治研究中心 | A kind of method for removing proof gold product surface erythema |
| CN115041913A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-13 | 中国社会科学院考古研究所 | Method for protecting and repairing unearthed silverware based on thermal decomposition reduction |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3481882A (en) * | 1965-03-10 | 1969-12-02 | Du Pont | Cleaning composition and method of cleaning articles therewith |
| CN1039850A (en) * | 1987-01-19 | 1990-02-21 | 伯索迪·维吉·科姆比纳特 | Remove the method for metal and alloy, particularly steel alloy, high quality steel and carbon steel zone of oxidation and iron scale in as the pickling tub of active ingredient at iron content (III) ion |
| CN1198783A (en) * | 1996-06-08 | 1998-11-11 | 雷克特和科尔曼产品有限公司 | Composition for cleaning silver or copper |
| US6602319B1 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2003-08-05 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Process for the recovery of gold and silver from used refractory bricks |
-
2012
- 2012-04-13 CN CN2012101093288A patent/CN102660747A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3481882A (en) * | 1965-03-10 | 1969-12-02 | Du Pont | Cleaning composition and method of cleaning articles therewith |
| CN1039850A (en) * | 1987-01-19 | 1990-02-21 | 伯索迪·维吉·科姆比纳特 | Remove the method for metal and alloy, particularly steel alloy, high quality steel and carbon steel zone of oxidation and iron scale in as the pickling tub of active ingredient at iron content (III) ion |
| CN1198783A (en) * | 1996-06-08 | 1998-11-11 | 雷克特和科尔曼产品有限公司 | Composition for cleaning silver or copper |
| US6602319B1 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2003-08-05 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Process for the recovery of gold and silver from used refractory bricks |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 李自强等: "硫脲浸出硫化银的研究", 《稀有金属》 * |
| 杨颖东等: "四川邛崃一批出土银元的分析与除锈保护", 《文物保护与考古科学》 * |
| 肖璘等: "四川彭州出土窖藏银器的锈蚀物分析和保护方法研究", 《第六届全国考古与文物保护化学学术会议》 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104630763A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-05-20 | 邯郸学院 | Silverware blackening agent |
| CN104630763B (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2017-02-22 | 邯郸学院 | Silverware blackening agent |
| CN104924827A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-09-23 | 河南梦祥纯银制品有限公司 | Manufacturing method of antiqued silver |
| CN104924827B (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2018-05-08 | 河南梦祥纯银制品有限公司 | A kind of silver-colored production method modelled after an antique |
| CN106701361A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 江苏本川智能电路科技股份有限公司 | Liquid medicine for washing photographic fixing cylinder and application method of liquid medicine |
| CN106701361B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2020-07-31 | 江苏本川智能电路科技股份有限公司 | Liquid medicine for cleaning fixing cylinder and using method thereof |
| CN106917096A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-04 | 柳州立洁科技有限公司 | A kind of silverware cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107400892A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-28 | 江苏盐城环保科技城重金属防治研究中心 | A kind of processing method of fine silver product surface discoloration |
| CN107475731A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏盐城环保科技城重金属防治研究中心 | A kind of method for removing proof gold product surface erythema |
| CN115041913A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-13 | 中国社会科学院考古研究所 | Method for protecting and repairing unearthed silverware based on thermal decomposition reduction |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102660747A (en) | Thiourea compound rust remover and rust removal paste for protecting silverware and gilded silverware | |
| Costa | The deterioration of silver alloys and some aspects of their conservation | |
| CN101699253B (en) | Method for displaying metallographic structure of target | |
| CN101701886A (en) | Metallographical corrosive, method for eroding copper and method for displaying metallographical organization of copper | |
| Jin et al. | Through-silicon-via (TSV) filling by electrodeposition of Cu with pulse current at ultra-short duty cycle | |
| McKenzie et al. | Trace metal chemistry and silicification of microorganisms in geothermal sinter, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand | |
| CN103792128A (en) | Method for displaying two-phase grain boundary of duplex stainless steel | |
| CN104404520A (en) | Metallographic structure etching solution of high-nitrogen stainless steel and metallographic etching method | |
| CN104005026A (en) | Method for preparing corrosion-resistant super-hydrophobic membrane layer on surface of magnesium alloy | |
| CN109211645A (en) | The metallographic etching agent of chromium tantalum-titanium alloy and its display methods of metallographic structure | |
| Zaghloul et al. | Assessment of phytoplankton community structure and water quality in the Eastern Harbor of Alexandria, Egypt | |
| CN106908301A (en) | A kind of etching pit method of clear display nickel-base alloy austenite grain boundary | |
| CN108085693A (en) | Rust cleaning antirusting agent | |
| CN108663257A (en) | A kind of metallographic etching agent and method for displaying metallographic structure of Nitinol | |
| CN103063492A (en) | Method for battery grid Pb-Ca alloy metallographic sample preparation and structure demonstration | |
| CN103305846B (en) | Corrosive liquid for 300M metallographic analysis and corrosion method | |
| CN103575585A (en) | Low-beryllium copper alloy metallographic corrosive agent and display method of metallographic structure of low-beryllium copper alloy | |
| CN108396321A (en) | A kind of metallographic etchant for austenitic stainless steel and its prepare caustic solution | |
| CN107462456A (en) | Method for displaying metallographic structure | |
| CN103543152A (en) | Detection method for rotor steel weld joint residual austenite | |
| Abdel-Maksoud et al. | Different cleaning techniques for removal of Iron Stain from Archaeological Bone Artifacts: a review | |
| Kingston | Effect of subsurface nutrient supplies on the vertical migration of Euglena proxima (Euglenophyta) | |
| CN109385633A (en) | The metallographic etchant and its caustic solution of one Albatra metal | |
| CN104975294A (en) | Metallographic phase corrosive agent suitable for silver-palladium copper alloy, and preparation method and use method thereof | |
| CN110079805A (en) | A kind of metallographic etchant and caustic solution for Nb47Ti alloy |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20120912 |