CN102658442B - Low-alloy steel welding electrode with Cr control capacity and FAC resisting capacity of weld metal of basic slag system - Google Patents
Low-alloy steel welding electrode with Cr control capacity and FAC resisting capacity of weld metal of basic slag system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-alloy steel covered arc welding electrode with Cr control capacity and FAC resisting capacity of a weld metal of a basic slag system. The low-alloy steel covered arc welding electrode comprises a core wire and a coating, wherein the core wire comprises the following components in percent by mass: 0-0.10 percent of C, 1.00-1.60 percent of Mn, 0-0.50 percent of Si, 0.15-0.35 percent of Cr, 0.60-1.20 percent of Ni, 0.15-0.35 percent of Mo, 0-0.007 percent of Ti, 0-0.010 percent of S and 0-0.015 percent of P. The low-alloy steel covered arc welding electrode has better welding process property in a welding process; and a weld has properties such as better strength, impact flexibility and FAC resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding material, in particular, relate to a kind of weld metal control Cr for the supporting basic slag system of Nuclear piping WB36CN1 steel and there is the low-alloy steel electrode of anti-FAC ability.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of China's power industry, nuclear power station becomes the pith of electric power development because of advantages such as it are efficient, economic, clean.But the steel that Construction of Nuclear Electricity is used and welding material dependence on import always for a long time, has seriously restricted the development of China's Nuclear Power Industry.For this reason, when the ridge Australia second phase, nuclear power station conventional island designed, the problem of steel production domesticization is proposed.The steel that are applicable at present nuclear power conventional island main steam, main feed water pipe substantially domesticize (trade mark is WB36CN1).
Because WB36CN1 steel is mainly used in 350 ℃ of following isostructural welding of feedwater piping, header of nuclear power station.The relatively difference of steel pipe and thermoelectricity steel pipe for nuclear power.Can recognize, the pressure and temperature that nuclear power bears in nuclear power station running with steel pipe is lower than thermal power station, but the flow velocity of its pipeline internal medium (saturated vapor or micro-superheated steam), flow-rate ratio thermal power station large (approximately 1.5 times of left and right).Generation is because the flowing velocity of delivering vapor and water is compared with high " FAC " causing (corrosion of flowing and accelerating); cause oxide-film that inner surface of pipeline has a defencive function wash away lower attenuation or come off a large amount of, swiftly flowing carbonated drink, make the corrosion resistance variation of steel matrix.
In order to improve the ability of nuclear power steel pipe anti-" FAC ", the expert of this respect is by research both at home and abroad, thinks in steel and adds a certain amount of " Cr " can improve the ability of anti-" FAC ".FAC can be divided into two continuous processes: the production process of oxide/water termination soluble iron ion and iron ion are through the diffusion process of diffusion boundary layer.Because the generation of FAC is relevant with the dissolving of the protective oxide film of parts surface; enough fine and close when the oxide-film of parts surface, to such an extent as to transmission course of material be when cannot carry out, and FAC also just can not occur; and under same case, the density of chromium oxide is greater than iron oxide.
Because WB36CN1 steel is controlled the novel steel grade that " Cr " forms on the basis of WB36 steel, the object of control " Cr " is in order to improve the anti-carbonated drink erosion of steel ability, i.e. the ability of anti-" FAC ".Also there is no at present the welding material for its composition and performance development specially both at home and abroad.
Therefore, as the supporting welding rod PP-J607CrNiMo of WB36CN1 steel, in the selection of alloy system, should be close with WB36CN1 steel chemical composition as far as possible.Selected alloying element must meet the needs of weld seam metallographic structure and the feature of Welding Metallurgy.Aspect anti-" FAC " ability, matching with WB36CN1 steel simultaneously.Carry out the requirement of control " Cr ".
The technical requirement such as chemical composition, mechanical property that the present invention is directed to WB36CN1 steel is tested, is studied, and develops a kind of and WB36CN1 rigidity and can reach the low-alloy steel welding rod of matched well.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of weld metal control Cr of basic slag system and have the low-alloy steel electrode of anti-FAC ability, this welding rod has good welding technological properties in welding process, and weld seam has the performances such as good intensity, impact flexibility and anti-FAC.
In order to realize the object of above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
The weld metal control Cr of basic slag system and there is the low-alloy steel electrode of anti-FAC ability, described low-alloy steel electrode is comprised of core wire and coating, it is characterized in that: the composition that described core wire contains following quality percentage composition:
C： 0~0.10%，
Mn： 1.00%~1.60%，
Si： 0~0.50%，
Cr： 0.15%~0.35%，
Ni： 0.60%~1.20%，
Mo： 0.15%~0.35%，
Ti： 0~0.007%，
S： 0~0.010%，
P： 0~0.015%；
Surplus is Fe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described coating is comprised of the component of following quality percentage composition:
Marble: 20 ~ 40%,
Fluorite: 15 ~ 25%,
Quartz: 2 ~ 8%,
Natural rutile: 2 ~ 6%,
Iron powder: 20 ~ 30%,
Manganese metal: 4 ~ 6%,
Ferrosilicon: 4 ~ 6%,
Ferrochrome: 0.5 ~ 1.5%,
Molybdenum-iron: 1 ~ 2%,
Nickel: 1.5 ~ 3.5%.
In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, described coating is comprised of the component of following quality percentage composition:
Marble: 25%,
Fluorite: 25%,
Quartz: 4%,
Natural rutile: 4%,
Iron powder: 30%,
Manganese metal: 4%,
Ferrosilicon: 3%,
Ferrochrome: 2%,
Molybdenum-iron: 1%,
Nickel: 2%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the application of described low-alloy steel electrode in the welding of Nuclear piping WB36CN1 steel.
The preparation method of low-alloy steel electrode of the present invention comprises step:
(1) described coating component is mixed;
(2) add the pure sodium silicate of coating component quality 18% ~ 22%, after stirring, extrusion is on above-mentioned core wire.
(3) mixture of step (2) is stirred after extrusion on above-mentioned core wire, on welding rod production equipment, carry out welding rod preparation.
Core wire design considerations of the present invention is as follows:
Composition C
The maxima solubility of C in γ-Fe is 1.7%, is 0.035% in α-Fe.Belong to and expand γ p-block element p.Play solution strengthening.In weld metal, there is the form with carbide in too much C.Form precipitation strength, when improving weld strength, hardness, also increased the crack sensitivity of weld metal.So must adopt low-carbon microalloyed mechanism, like this, not only can meet the intensity of weld metal but also can reduce the crack sensitivity of weld metal.Planning C content is controlled at below 0.10%.
Composition Mn
The maxima solubility of Mn in γ-Fe is 100%, is 3% in α-Fe.Belong to and expand γ p-block element p.Mn when in weld metal of low-alloy steel, content is lower, generally exists with the form of solution strengthening.When improving ferrite intensity, also can improve toughness.Consider the impact of Mn/Si Resistance of Weld Metal impact flexibility, under the prerequisite that meets weld metal intensity, Mn content is controlled in 1.0 ~ 1.6% scopes.
Composition Si
The maxima solubility of Si in γ-Fe is 2%, is 18.5% in α-Fe.Belong to and expand α p-block element p.Si when in Low Alloy Steel Welds, content is lower, generally exists with the form of solution strengthening, improves ferritic intensity.Too much Si content will form intermetallic compound, reduce the impact flexibility of weld metal.Consider the impact of Mn/Si Resistance of Weld Metal impact flexibility, under the prerequisite that meets weld metal intensity, Si content is controlled at≤0.5% scope.
Composition Cr
The maxima solubility of Cr in γ-Fe is 12.8%, is 100% in α-Fe.Belong to and expand α p-block element p.Cr when content is lower in Low Alloy Steel Welds, generally plays solution strengthening.In the time of together with C, form carbide.When quantity is more, reduce the impact flexibility of weld metal.Appropriate Cr also can improve the toughness of weld metal simultaneously in the ferritic intensity of raising.In order to reach matched well with WB36CN1 steel at aspect of performance, improve the ability of anti-" FAC ".Determine that Cr content is consistent with the control range of steel, in 0.15 ~ 0.35% scope.
Composition Ni
The maxima solubility of Ni in γ-Fe is 100%, is 10% in α-Fe.Belong to and expand γ p-block element p.The general solution strengthening effect that rises.Appropriate Ni can improve the toughness of ferrite matrix and promote acicular ferrite to form, and is conducive to improve weld metal cold-crack resistance and can and improves low-temperature impact toughness.Under the prerequisite that meets weld metal intensity, Ni content is controlled in 0.6 ~ 1.2% scope.
Composition Mo
The maxima solubility of Mo in γ-Fe is 3%, is 37.5% in α-Fe.Belong to and expand α p-block element p.Generally play precipitation strength effect.While coexisting with C, form Mo
2c, the elevated temperature strength of raising weld metal.Excessive Mo will infringement weld metal toughness, under the prerequisite that meets weld metal elevated temperature strength, Mo content is controlled in 0.15 ~ 0.35% scope.
Composition Ti
The maxima solubility of Ti in γ-Fe is 0.75%, is 6% in α-Fe.Belong to and expand α p-block element p.Generally play precipitation strength effect.Its tendency that forms carbide, nitride is extremely strong.Comprehensive achievement in research both domestic and external, Ti Resistance of Weld Metal impact flexibility Beneficial Effect is: 1. the N in weld metal is combined, and has reduced the illeffects of solid solution nitrogen; 2. generate TiN as crystallization nuclei, promote that weld seam becomes fine grain structure; 3. play deoxidation, reduced the oxygen content in weld seam.The adverse effect of Ti Resistance of Weld Metal impact flexibility is: 1. Ti reinforced ferrite matrix, improves hardness; When 2. Ti is more, can on crystal boundary, separate out TiC and TiN; 3. Ti rises γ → α phase transition temperature, as more containing Ti amount, when Mn, Mo contain quantity not sufficient, easily forms thick ferrite or desmachyme, also may occur martensitic structure.Weigh the advantages and disadvantages, determine in PP-J607CrNiMo welding rod and do not add Ti.In Ti content in weld metal is controlled at≤0.007% scope.
Composition S
S is the objectionable impurities in weld metal, the most harmful while existing with FeS form.Because it and iron can infinitely dissolve each other when liquid state, and be dissolved in seldom (solubility is only 0.015 ~ 0.02%) of solid iron, therefore when solidifying, FeS separates out, and with the formal distribution of low melting point eutectic film, in crystal boundary, forms solidification cracking.Reduce the impact flexibility of weld metal simultaneously.So the S content in weld metal is more few better.According to actual conditions former, auxiliary material for welding rod, determine in S content is controlled at≤0.010% scope.
Composition P
P is objectionable impurities in most weld metal of low-alloy steels.With Fe
2p, Fe
3the form of P exists, and they and Fe, Ni form low melting point eutectic and be distributed in crystal boundary, because they are own hard and crisp, when reducing weld metal impact flexibility, weld metal brittle transition temperature is also raise.So the P content in weld metal is more few better.According to actual conditions former, auxiliary material for welding rod, determine in P content is controlled at≤0.015% scope.
Composition Nb
The maxima solubility of Nb in γ-Fe is 2.2%, is 1.8% in α-Fe.Belong to and expand α p-block element p.Generally play precipitation strength effect, and strengthening effect is remarkable.But Nb produces adverse influence to the toughness of weld metal of low-alloy steel.The precipitation-hardening of separating out of Nb is the significantly decline of weld metal toughness by causing Mn-Si.Therefore in PP-J607CrNiMo welding rod, do not add Nb.And with other alloying element, substitute to meet the intensity of weld metal.
Coating of the present invention, employing be the low hydrogen type that basicity is higher, this is that molten bath is clear because the alloy transfer efficiency of the type coating is larger; Weld seam has good intensity, toughness and cracking resistance, and diffusible hydrogen content is low, and decontamination ability is strong.Utilize control Cr technology, can make weld metal there is good anti-FAC performance, can meet well on the whole the requirement in Nuclear piping welding.In this electrode coating, the Main Function of each component is summarized as follows:
Marble
Marble (CaCO
3) as CaO-SiO
2-CaF
2the slag former that slag system is main and gas-forming agent
larger on the impact of welding metallurgical reaction.Decompose the CO producing
2belong to oxidizing gas, can get rid of the air in arc region, stop nitrogen to be invaded in liquid metal, and reduce the hydrogen dividing potential drop in arc atmosphere, be conducive to weld metal and fall hydrogen.Decompose the CaO producing and belong to basic anhydride.The basicity of slag be can improve, the de-S of slag, de-P ability strengthened.But the interfacial tension between same surface tension and slag and the deposite metal that also increases slag, alligatoring molten drop.At CaO-SO
2-CaF
2in slag system, along with marmorean content increases, CO in gas phase
2dividing potential drop also increase, higher oxidation potential in gas phase, is unfavorable for the transition of alloying element.Too much CaO has improved the setting temperature of slag, increases the viscosity of slag.Welding technological properties is degenerated.Through overtesting comprehensive favourable and unfavorable factor, determine that marmorean addition is in 20 ~ 40% scopes.
Fluorite
Fluorite (CaF
2) at CaO-SiO
2-CaF
2in slag system, being mainly used in slag making and improving the physical and chemical performance of slag. it can reduce fusing point, viscosity and the table tension force of basic clinker, increases the mobility of slag.Be conducive to reduce the gaseous impurity of weld metal, appropriate CaF
2can improve the protection effect of slag to liquid metals, thereby also can reduce the hydrogen-sucking amount of liquid metals.But at CaCO
3content one timing, CaF
2when addition is too much, will affect the stability of welding arc, the molten drop diameter in welding process is increased, the increase of splashing.Short circuit duration increases, and electrode coating meltdown property degenerates, the covering performance variation of slag Resistance of Weld Metal.Therefore according to CaCO
3/ CaF
2optimum ratio, consider CaF simultaneously
2to welding technological properties influence factor, determine that the addition of fluorite is in 15 ~ 25% scope.
Quartz
Quartz (SiO
2) at CaO-SiO
2-CaF
2a main fluxing effect in slag system.It can be used for adjusting the physical and chemical performance of slag, reduces the surface tension of slag, improves weld metal shaping surface, improves arc voltage, and refinement molten drop improves welding rod fusing coefficient.But when addition is too much, reduce the basicity of slag, make Welding Metallurgy performance depreciation, be unfavorable for obtaining the weld metal of good mechanical performance.Through overtesting comprehensive favourable and unfavorable factor, determine that quartzy addition is in 2 ~ 8% scopes.
Natural rutile
Natural rutile (TiO
2) there is stabilising arc and fluxing effect, fusing point, viscosity, surface tension and the mobility of capable of regulating slag.Appropriate TiO
2be conducive to all-position welding, improve appearance of weld, reduce and splash and undercut, and improve to a great extent the removability of slag.At CaO-SiO
2-CaF
2in slag system, TiO
2physical property be similar to CaO.Too much TiO
2to improve the fusing point of slag, dwindle the solidification temperature range of slag.Hinder the mobilization between slag and liquid metal, affect fully carrying out of metallurgical reaction, make the increase of molten bath internal gas effusion resistance, the defect such as easily form pore, be mingled with.Through overtesting comprehensive favourable and unfavorable factor, determine that the addition of natural rutile is in 2 ~ 6% scopes.
Iron powder
At CaO-SiO
2-CaF
2in the welding rod prescription of slag system, add appropriate iron powder (FHT40.30 I), there is reduction bath temperature, increase crystallization rate, be conducive to obtain fine grain seam organization.Also can improve the deposition efficiency of welding rod, and improve welding technological properties simultaneously.Result of the test shows, the addition of iron powder can change and the welding technological properties of welding rod is had no significant effect in the scope compared with wide.But the quality of iron powder, especially granularity, pine dress than and the Effect on Mechanical Properties of the welding technological properties of oxygen content to welding rod and weld metal very large.Select the improper weld porosity that even produces.Therefore must carry out choose reasonable and use.The addition of iron powder is controlled in 20 ~ 30% scopes.
Manganese metal
It is more beneficial to improving welding technological properties than using manganese metal (Mn) that test shows to use mid-carbon fe-mn in formula, but because mid-carbon fe-mn P content too high (0.2% left and right).Can not meet the control to P content.And manganese metal P content low (0.05% left and right) is conducive to the control of P in weld metal.So select manganese metal and without mid-carbon fe-mn in formula.
Mn is at CaO-SiO
2-CaF
2in the welding rod prescription of slag system, mainly play component controlling effect.Product after Mn deoxidation is MnO, belongs to basic anhydride, and the basicity that it improves slag plays slag making simultaneously.Through overtesting, the addition of manganese metal can meet table 14 ~ 6% time in the control requirement of Mn content.
Ferrosilicon
In PP-J607CrNiMo low-alloy steel electrode formula, not adding ferrotianium (Fe-Ti), is because ferrotianium can ooze Ti when carrying out deoxidation in weld metal, is unfavorable for the control of the Ti content in weld metal.And in formula, select to add ferrosilicon (Fe-Si), can effectively control the Ti content in weld metal.
Ferrosilicon is at CaO-SiO
2-CaF
2in the welding rod prescription of slag system, mainly play component controlling effect.Product after Si deoxidation is SiO
2, belonging to acidic oxide, in the basicity of its reduction slag and slag, the activity of FeO plays fluxing effect simultaneously.Through overtesting, the addition of ferrosilicon can meet table 14 ~ 6% time in the control requirement of Si content.
Ferrochrome
Through overtesting, the addition of ferrochrome (Fe-Cr) can meet table 1 0.5 ~ 1.5% time in the control requirement of Cr content.Molybdenum-iron
Through overtesting, the addition of molybdenum-iron (Fe-Mo) can meet table 11 ~ 2% time in the control requirement of Mo content.
Nickel
Through overtesting, the addition of nickel (Ni) can meet table 1 1.5 ~ 3.5% time in the control requirement of Ni content.
Technical scheme principle of the present invention is: whether the welding rod that is related to whether reasonable in design of welding rod coating recipe has good welding technological properties, stable Welding Metallurgy process, satisfied weld metal mechanical property, weld metal is except having good anti-" FAC " ability, also must possess good plasticity, toughness, crack resistance and good low-temperature impact toughness, welding rod must possess good all-position welding processing performance simultaneously.In order to meet the requirement of weld metal mechanical property and welding technological properties, various welding slags are analyzed, screened, determine CaO-SiO
2-CaF
2slag system is basic slag system of the present invention, and it is the low-alloy high-strength steel covered are welding electrode matching with WB36CN1 steel.
By adopting technique scheme, welding technological properties of the present invention is good, arc stability in welding process, substantially without splashing, the removability of slag is good, molten bath is clear, appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, welding rod operating characteristics is good; There is the performances such as excellent deposited metal intensity, impact flexibility and anti-FAC.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The component of coating and quality percentage composition thereof are as follows: marble: 35%, fluorite: 15%, quartz 4%, natural rutile 4%, iron powder: 30%, manganese metal: 4%, ferrosilicon: 4%, ferrochrome: 1%, molybdenum-iron: 1%, nickel: 2%.
After above-mentioned coating raw material are mixed, by 40 object sieve below 40 orders, after dry powder stirs, add the pure sodium silicate that accounts for solid constituent mass content 20%, then after stirring, by conventional welding rod production equipment, its extrusion is prepared to welding rod on above-mentioned core wire.Welding rod smooth surface, the yield rate produced be high, without acceptance of persons.The deposited metal composition of welding rod is detected: C:0.058%, Mn:1.61%, Si:0.32%, Cr:0.25%, Ni:0.98%, Mo:0.29%, S:0.006%, P:0.010%, Ti≤0.007%.
Ambient temperature mechanical properties R
m: 715MPa, R
e1: 575MPa;-50 ℃ of average KV
2: 74J.
Embodiment 2
The mass fraction of the each component of coating is as follows: marble: 30%, fluorite: 20%, quartz 4%, natural rutile 4%, iron powder: 30%, manganese metal: 4%, ferrosilicon: 4%, ferrochrome: 1%, molybdenum-iron: 1%, nickel: 2%.
The preparation method of welding rod is identical with embodiment 1, and welding rod smooth surface, the yield rate produced be high, without acceptance of persons.The deposited metal composition of welding rod is detected to obtain to C:0.052%, Mn:1.51%, Si:0.31%, Cr:0.26%, Ni:1.04%, Mo:0.29%, S:0.005%, P:0.010%, Ti≤0.007%.
Ambient temperature mechanical properties R
m: 680MPa, R
e1: 570MPa;-50 ℃ of average KV
2: 80J.
Embodiment 3
The mass fraction of the each component of coating is as follows: marble: 25%, fluorite: 25%, quartz 4%, natural rutile 4%, iron powder: 30%, manganese metal: 4%, ferrosilicon: 3%, ferrochrome: 2%, molybdenum-iron: 1%, nickel: 2%.
The preparation method of welding rod is identical with embodiment 1, and welding rod smooth surface, the yield rate produced be high, without acceptance of persons.The deposited metal composition of welding rod is detected to obtain to C:0.057%, Mn:1.54%, Si:0.39%, Cr:0.28%, Ni:0.96%, Mo:0.30%, S:0.008%, P:0.010%, Ti≤0.007%.
Ambient temperature mechanical properties R
m: 720MPa, R
e1: 575MPa;-50 ℃ of average KV
2: 66J.
The external similar welding rod deposited metal composition of certain import: C:0.056%, Mn:1.48%, Si:0.31%, Cr:0.04%, Ni:0.76%, Mo:0.38%, S:0.007%, P:0.008%, Ti≤0.007%.
Ambient temperature mechanical properties R
m: 635MPa, R
e1: 525MPa;-50 ℃ of average KV
2: 73J.
Embodiment 2 gained welding rods when welding arc stabilities, substantially without splashing, deslag performance is good, welding rod operating characteristics excellence; Appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, and bead height is moderate.Compare with external certain similar welding rod, mechanical property is higher, has the more excellent characteristic of mobility, and has better anti-FAC performance.
Claims (3)
1. a weld metal control Cr low-alloy steel electrode for basic slag system, described low-alloy steel electrode is comprised of core wire and coating, it is characterized in that, the composition that described core wire contains following quality percentage composition:
Surplus is Fe;
Described coating is comprised of the component of following quality percentage composition:
2. low-alloy steel electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coating is comprised of the component of following quality percentage composition:
3. a preparation method for the low-alloy steel electrode described in claim 1-2 any one, its feature exists
In, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) described coating component is mixed;
(2) add the pure sodium silicate of coating component mass content 18%～22%,
(3) mixture of step (2) is stirred after extrusion on above-mentioned core wire, on welding rod production equipment, carry out welding rod preparation.
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| CN101898286B (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-11-07 | 西安理工大学 | Low-hydrogen alkaline welding rod for 25Cr2Ni4MoV alloy steel manual arc welding |
| CN102260835B (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-06-05 | 浙江伟晟控股有限公司 | Nuclear power steel 18MnNiMo and its preparation method |
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2012
- 2012-05-08 CN CN201210139959.4A patent/CN102658442B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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