CN102654112B - Solar power generating station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a solar power generating station. According to the solar power generating station, a solar cell panel is not used and a steam turbine is also not used. The solar power generating station comprises condensers, a solar tracking controller, a heat collector, circulating water, a water-circulating pump, a power device, a generator and a water-pumping and energy-storing system. The condensers are a plurality of strip-shaped light reflectors with different counter-glow inclined angles and are arranged on a plane light condensing frame in parallel to form a waveform array; and sunlight is reflected and collected on the heat collector by the condensers with different reflection angles. The power device is composed of a vapor water impacting device, a vapor water impacting controller and a water turbine, wherein the vapor water impacting device utilizes vapor to generate water jetting flow to propel the water turbine. The water-circulating pump is used for injecting the circulating water into the heat collector; each condenser reflects projected sunlight to the heat collector under the control of the solar tracking controller; the circulating water in the heat collector is evaporated by heating and generated vapor enters the power device to act; and the power device drives the generator to generate power. The water-pumping and energy-storing system utilizes high-level storage water at daytime to propel the water turbine at night, so as to drive the generator to generate the power.

Description

Sun power house

Technical field

The present invention relates to Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), particularly relate to the sun power house that utilizes solar thermal energy generating.

Background technology

During coal fired power generation coal combustion, contain sulfide, oxides of nitrogen and micronic dust in waste gas, especially can discharge a large amount of carbon dioxides to external environment, carbon dioxide is considered to earth atmosphere greenhouse effect and turns strong main cause.Fire coal is the non-renewable energy.

While using rock gas or oil-fired power generating, also can discharge nitride and sulfide.These polluters can enter water source and food chain, and the health of human body is impacted.Rock gas and fuel oil are also the non-renewable energy.

The environment although hydropower can not discharge pollutants, the construction of dam can be flooded large stretch of soil, must move many residents, near the ecology in rivers and creeks reservoir also can have influence on.

With biomass power generation, by the soil of needs sheet, this is because biomass energy derives from the reproducible material of plant, animal and microorganism.The burning of plant can produce micronic dust, also can produce carbon dioxide.

The heat energy of nuclear energy power generation, from nuclear disintegration, will unavoidably discharge very micro-radiomaterial to external environment.If while there is serious accident in nuclear energy power plant, have relatively large radiomaterial and be discharged into external environment, environment and the common people are damaged.

About wind-power electricity generation, because wind energy is randomness, the size of wind-force changes constantly, and wind-power electricity generation is difficult to realize stable power-supplying.Wind-power electricity generation can not cause water to pollute, but likely can near birds Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) be damaged.

The sun is the eternal energy of the earth, and it launches approximately 3.8 * 1020MW energy with form space-ward p.s. of optical radiation, wherein has 1/2200000000th to project on the earth.Huge sun power is the source of all things on earth growth on the earth, makes full use of sun power, and Creating Green industry develops low-carbon economy, has the meaning of lasting energy supply and the dual greatness of environmental protection.

Burning hot solar light cultivated illumination the earth, has everywhere and can utilize sun power.

Desert area rainwater is few, is almost that not even a blade of grass grows, and there is the dead district that is difficult to existence.But desert area daylight is abundant, and soil is cheap, so utilize the abundant sun power of desert area to generate electricity, just becomes the new way of utilizing desert.What solar electrical energy generation was developed is regenerative resource, and it does not pollute, and only takies cheap soil.

The annual every square metre of available sun power in Deserts in China area is approximately 5000-6000 megajoule.The sun power obtaining every year on 400,000 square kilometres of desert areas of China is 2 * 10 21 power joules.It approximately amounts to annual 70000000000 tons of standard coal equivalents, is just 40 times of Year's consumption of coal of 21 st century in China.Only just there is the desert of more than 30 ten thousand square kilometres in Xinjiang.Soil does not almost have cost, and the desert that temperature difference is large, desert are the ideal areas that utilizes solar energy generation technology.As long as energy policy is adjusted, the length and breadth of land desert under sunlight just can become the new base of the energy that is related to national security.

Utilize the mode of solar electrical energy generation main:

1, utilize the solar energy power generating of solar energy;

2, utilize the solar energy thermal-power-generating of solar thermal energy.

In solar energy power generating, in the manufacture process of the photoelectric chip that solar panel is used, can produce a large amount of toxic wastes, and production cost is very high.At present, relatively cheap solar panel often efficiency is very low, cannot produce enough electric energy; And solar panel is very expensive efficiently, cannot in ordinary consumer, promote.

Solar energy thermal-power-generating is to environment without any pollution, and it is to utilize solar concentrating collector, and solar energy collecting is got up, by cycle fluid is heated, produce high pressure-temperature working medium, drive thermodynamic device, the generating of drive generator, thus sun power is converted to electric energy.

Solar heat power generation system mainly contains 3 kinds: tower-type electricity generation system, slot type electricity generation system and dish formula electricity generation system.

Tower-type electricity generation system, by numerous plane mirrors that are called heliostat, forms array, and by solar energy reflection, to being placed in high top of tower, on the heat collector of similar direct current cooker, heating working medium, produces high-temperature steam, and driving steam turbine genset generates electricity.

Slot type electricity generation system, different from tower-type electricity generation system, it adopts parabolic trough condenser, tubular heat collector.

Dish formula electricity generation system, different from tower-type electricity generation system, it is to adopt rotary paraboloid condenser, heat collector is small-sized cavity boiler.

Sunshine is after the optically focused effect through condenser, and energy density can be greatly improved, therefore in the middle high temperature of sun power utilizes, commonly use condensing reflection device.

Solar heat power generation system, the heat energy power-generating that utilizes solar radiation to produce, by solar concentrating collector, becomes absorbed thermal power transfer the steam of working medium, then driving steam turbine generating.The shortcoming at the solar energy thermal-power-generating station of this Steam Turbine Driven is that cost is high, expensive several times than common thermal power station of its investments, and the solar heat power station of a 1000MW need to be invested 20～2,500,000,000 dollars, and the investment of average 1kW is 2000～2500 dollars.Therefore, can only be applied on a small scale special occasion at present, and extensive utilization is very uneconomical economically, can't compete mutually with common thermal power station or nuclear power station.

The basic structure of trough type solar power generation comprises: slot-type optical collector, heat collector, cycle fluid, propulsion system and generator.The sunshine that grooved parabolic condenser carrys out parallel projection, reflection converges to tubular heat collector surface, and the cycle fluid in heating heat collector, produces high-temperature steam, utilizes vapor stream, and driving steam turbine drives generator generating.Trough type solar power generation, approximately 50 times of light gathering degrees, collecting efficiency is high, and the sun power that it gathers generation makes its medium temperature can reach 350 ℃.In solar energy thermal-power-generating, only there is at present trough type solar power generation to realize commercialization, use and mainly concentrate on the U.S. and Spain.In Xinjiang of China Turfan Prefecture, come into operation in a trough type solar power generation station, is the trough type solar power generation station of China's seat of honour, Fia.According to internal authority mechanism statistics, the trough type solar power generation in whole world operation accounts for 88% of whole solar energy thermal-power-generating device at present, accounts for 97.5% of project in construction.Particularly European Union is about to the DII project of setting up in Africa, and gross investment reaches 4,000 hundred million Euros, will adopt trough type solar power generation technology.

Practical trough type solar power generation technology, by thin tube-like heat collector, linear arrangement is at the focal line place of slot type reflective mirror, interior working medium conduction oil in heat collector, as heat catalysis, along focal line, flow, at conduction oil, by optically focused focal spot, be heated to after nearly 400 degrees Celsius, enter oil gas heat exchanger, heat interchanger produces steam, pushing turbine and genset generating.Consider weather effect, can use auxiliary fuel heating, or take fused salt heat accumulation.At present, No. 1, the Spain's Anda rope putting into operation, has realized whole day generating 15 hours by fused salt heat accumulation.

Trough type solar power generation device, is current most promising solar energy thermal-power-generating device, and it replaces the firing chamber of boiler on common firepower power station basis with slot-type optical collector, with tubular heat collector, replace water-cooling wall and drum.But so far, trough type solar power generation installation cost is still too high, also there is no penetration and promotion, specifically:

1, trough type solar power generation, adopts expensive heavy steam turbine and condenser, and initial cost is large;

2, trough type solar power generation, the parabolic trough condenser of employing, processing assembling difficulty is large, and expense is high;

3, trough type solar power generation, heat accumulation energy storage equipment cost is high, and technical difficulty is large.

The background technology of above-mentioned concerned power generation device has a detailed description in following monograph:

1, Xing Yunmin, Tao Yonghong, modern energy and generation technology, Xi'an: publishing house of Xian Electronics Science and Technology University, 2007.

2, Cai Zhaolin, Liu Huatang, He Guogeng, energy and power engineering device basic, Beijing: China Electric Power Publishing House, 2004.

3, Liu Jianmin, sun power utilization: principle engineering, Beijing: Electronic Industry Press, 2010.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a kind of sun power house that utilizes solar thermal energy generating, it is without steam turbine and condenser, cost is low, and its structure comprises: condenser, sun tracker, heat collector, recirculated water, water circulating pump, propulsion system, generator and pumped storage.

Water circulating pump injects heat collector by recirculated water, under sun tracker is controlled, and the sunshine that condenser carrys out projection, heat collector is gathered in reflection, and the recirculated water in heat collector is subject to thermal evaporation, produces steam, steam enters propulsion system acting, and propulsion system drive generator generating.

Described condenser, it comprises bar lens array, mounting system, gear train and stepper motor, and bar lens array, gear train and stepper motor are all supported by mounting system, and kinematic train is comprised of turbine and worm, stepper motor output terminal drives kinematic train, kinematic train output terminal control strip lens array;

Described propulsion system, it comprises steam and water bursting device, steam and water bursting controller and the hydraulic turbine, and steam and water bursting controller is controlled steam and water bursting device, and steam and water bursting device drives the hydraulic turbine;

Described lens array comprises reflective mirror and condenser frame, and the strip-shaped inverted light microscopic that numerous inclination angles are different, along east-west direction, be positioned in parallel within on the condenser frame of plane net trellis, form waveform array, the sunshine that projection is come, with different reflection angle, reflection converges on heat collector; In heat collector north and south, respectively establish a condenser frame, on the condenser frame of north side, some strip-shaped inverted light microscopics are set, in southern side, symmetrical identical, south and north flanks condenser frame at grade, has a coupling shaft in the middle of two condenser frames, and coupling shaft is positioned at east-west direction.

Described sun tracker, it is a control circuit, the output of this circuit, Driving Stepping Motor, then by kinematic train, control condenser day is followed the tracks of, the sunshine to guarantee that condenser carrys out projection, accurately converges on heat collector;

The Photoelectric Detection of control circuit is completed by 3 photoresistance, 2, north and south is symmetrically located on the thermal-arrest frame of north and south, and when thermal-arrest frame plane and sunshine out of plumb, wherein 1 photoresistance is kept the sun off by heat collector, 2, north and south photoresistance resistance is not identical, with this, detects the variation of sun altitude; Middle 1 is positioned on the middle coupling shaft of two condenser frames, under heat collector shade, and for detection of ambient brightness, judgement daytime or evening, fine day or cloudy day; After the dividing potential drop of the photoresistance of supply voltage Jing San Road and fixed value resistance, send into 3 ADCx pins of single chip computer AT mega8;

The clock PCF8583 of control circuit is connected by bus with single-chip microcomputer, and tri-pins of INT0, SCL, SDA of the INT of clock, SCL, tri-pins of SDA and single-chip microcomputer join, by two PBx pins of single-chip microcomputer, output drive signal;

The master routine of control circuit is: initialization single-chip microcomputer correlation function module, the photosignal of 3 photoresistance of touring detection, and judging, if daytime fine day, just adopt photoelectric tracking mode; If cloudy, just adopt the daily motion Trajectory Tracking Control mode of looking.Then, enter corresponding branched program, output drive signal, Driving Stepping Motor, controls solar concentrator, all the time over against the sun;

Photoelectric tracking branched program flow process is: Photoelectric Detection position of sun, detection signal is sent into single-chip microcomputer by ADCx pin, through A/D conversion, judge that whether solar concentrator is over against the sun, by two PBx pin output drive signals to stepper motor, until adjust solar concentrator, aim at the sun, and then return to master routine;

Depending on daily motion track following branched program, be: calculate and follow the tracks of sun altitude, adjust the elevation angle of solar concentrator, make solar concentrator aim at the sun.

Described heat collector, it is to consist of inner tube, outer tube, stainless steel stent and two end flanges; Inner tube is stainless-steel tube, and its outside surface has been coated with metallic ceramics solar selectively absorbing coating, and outer tube is comprised of glass tube and transition conduit, and inner and outer tubes form internal and external casing, and two end flanges are connected, by the emptying formation vacuum of intermediate course air; Transition conduit is comprised of kovar alloy ring and corrugated stainless steel tubing; Between inner and outer pipes, place a plurality of stainless steel stents, be used for supporting inner tube, keep inner and outer pipes gap even.

Described water circulating pump is multistage subsection formula, and critical part has axle, axle sleeve, inlet segment, impeller, sealing ring, stage casing, water exit end, gimbal, balancing frame, tail-hood; Intake-outlet is respectively on inlet segment and water exit end, and all vertically upward, inlet segment, stage casing, water exit end and tail-hood are cast iron and make, and jointly form the operating room of pump; Impeller is that cast iron is made, and inside has blade, and axle is that Fine Steel Casting iron is made, and impeller is equipped with in centre; Sealing ring is that cast iron is made, and is separately fixed among inlet segment and stage casing; Gimbal is that cast iron is made, and is fixed on water exit end, and balancing frame is that antifriction cast iron is made, and is contained on axle it and the common Compositional balance device of gimbal, balancing axial thrust; Axle sleeve is that cast iron is made, the use of fix impeller and protection pump shaft.

Described steam and water bursting device comprises cyclic water tank, steam and water bursting pipe and several valve;

Steam and water bursting pipe comprises VERTICAL TUBE, short tube, bend pipe, air hose, steam pipe, the device of striking waters; Several valves are air valve, reverse checkvalve, steam valve, water intaking valve;

One of bend pipe joins with the end opening of VERTICAL TUBE, and two pipes form J-shaped; The other end of bend pipe is water delivering orifice, receives the nozzle of the hydraulic turbine; In VERTICAL TUBE, near the junction with bend pipe, level picks out a short tube, has a water intaking valve in short tube, and the port of short tube is water inlet, and water inlet and bend pipe are below the water surface of cyclic water tank;

VERTICAL TUBE is upright on the water surface of cyclic water tank, and VERTICAL TUBE upper end picks out two pipes, and one is air hose, another steam pipe; On air hose, have air valve and reverse checkvalve, the other end of air hose, leads to ambient atmosphere; The outlet of steam pipe import and thermal-collecting tube is joined, and has steam valve on steam pipe; Steam valve, water intaking valve are all solenoid valves, and air valve is manually-operated gate;

In VERTICAL TUBE, be provided with the device of striking waters, the device of striking waters is the disk with holes being fixed in steam and water bursting pipe, be positioned at one of steam and water bursting Guan Sifen At The Height, disc surfaces is vertical with steam and water bursting tubular axis line, on disk, be uniformly distributed the through hole that diameter is 30mm, the through hole total area account for disc surfaces long-pending 1/2nd, disk external diameter equals 1/2nd of VERTICAL TUBE internal diameter;

Cyclic water tank is used for holding recirculated water, and the lower tubular section of steam and water bursting pipe, comprises water inlet, vertical immersion is in the water of cyclic water tank, and, there is filling pipe cyclic water tank sidewall top, on it, have water compensating valve,, there is rising pipe cyclic water tank sidewall below, on it, have outlet valve, rising pipe is access to water circulating pump, to thermal-collecting tube, supplies water, on cyclic water tank sidewall, there is cold water pipe, on it, have cold valves, in cold water pipe, connect cooling coil, external radiator, for the recirculated water in cooling circulation water tank.

Described steam and water bursting controller, it is a control circuit; It utilizes three grades of sequential timers, drives in order two magnetic electric switches, controls two solenoid valves, it adopts three 555 integrated circuit, produce three sequential pulses, the output terminal of the 3rd 555 integrated circuit is received the trigger end of first 555 integrated circuit, realizes unstable state work;

First 555 integrated circuit, the trigger pip of its trigger end, output signal from the 3rd 555 integrated circuit, when trigger end is triggered, the upset of internal trigger comparer, output terminal output high level, power supply V+ starts to charge to timing capacitor by timing resistor, while being charged to 2/3V+ in timing capacitor, the upset of threshold value comparer, output terminal is got back to low level, timing is about 1.1* timing resistor * timing capacitor, timing resistor is 0.5 megohm, timing capacitor is 1 microfarad, timing is about 0.5 second, the output signal of its output terminal is received current amplifier tube, in its collector loop, there is a magnetic electric switch, control steam valve, enter 0.5 second of steam,

Second 555 integrated circuit, the trigger pip of its trigger end, from the output signal of first 555 integrated circuit, timing is 1 second, be regularly for time delay this 1 second;

The 3rd 555 integrated circuit, the trigger pip of its trigger end, output signal from second 555 integrated circuit, timing is got 0.5 second, the output signal of its output terminal is received current amplifier tube, in its collector loop, has a magnetic electric switch, control the water intaking valve of steam and water bursting pipe, opened for 0.5 second.

The described hydraulic turbine is inclined-jet turbine, and its structure comprises: runner, wheel blade, rotating shaft, nozzle, needle-valve and needle-valve travel mechanism; Work jet and runner inletpiston are some angle [alpha], under the adjusting of needle-valve, work jet passes through nozzle, directive runner sideling, impact the wheel blade of runner, driven by rotating wheel rotating shaft rotation, the outside output mechanical energy of rotating shaft, needle-valve travel mechanism can advance and retreat by metering pin valve, changes exit area of nozzle.

Described generator is alternating-current brushless rotary pole formula synchronous generator, the armature of rotary pole formula generator is fixed, and magnetic pole rotates, and magnetic pole winding is in rotor core groove, armature winding is evenly distributed in whole stator coring groove, and armature winding output AC electric current is sent to load;

The concrete structure of alternating-current brushless rotary pole formula synchronous generator, mainly contain: generator amature, generator unit stator and generator shaft, generator amature comprises generator rotor core, rotor magnetic pole winding, rotating shaft, exciter rotor, rotating rectifier, fan, and generator unit stator comprises support, stator core, stator armature winding, end cap, bearing cap, exciter stator;

The alternating current that AC exciter produces, after rotating rectifier rectification, for the rotor magnetic pole excitation of synchronous generator, the stator of AC exciter is magnetic pole, and rotor is armature.

Described pumped storage comprises: low flush tank, charging pump, water supply valve, elevated tank, tank bracket, lower water valve, sparge pipe, have water level to take into account run-down pipe on elevated tank;

On daytime, generator generating drives charging pump, from low flush tank, by water supply valve and upper hose, to high-level tank water, carries out pumping storage; At night, start pumping storage system, opens lower water valve, the retaining of elevated tank, and by downcomer and sparge pipe, water spray impulse water turbine, drives generator generating, and the water after acting, enters low flush tank.

Advantage of the present invention is:

1, the sun of the present invention power house, equipment is simple, reliable operation;

2, the sun of the present invention power house, does not consume conventional energy resources, and emission greenhouse gas, is not conducive to environmental protection;

3, the sun of the present invention power house, invests little.It had both been different from solar photovoltaic generating station, needed expensive solar cell and inverter, was also different from traditional solar thermal power generation station, needed expensive steam turbine and condenser;

4, the sun of the present invention power house, both can be used for building big power station for area or enterprise, also can be used for building Compact Power Plant for grassland herdsman, frontier sentry, rural peasant household.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the overall construction drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the condenser structural drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Fig. 3 is the sun tracker circuit diagram of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the collector structure figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Fig. 5 is the water circulating pump structural drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Fig. 6 is the propulsion system overall construction drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Fig. 7 is the steam and water bursting device structural drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Fig. 8 is the steam and water bursting controller circuitry figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Fig. 9 is the hydraulic turbine structure figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Figure 10 is the electric generator structure figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment;

Figure 11 is the pumped storage figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 has provided the overall construction drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

The general structure of sun power house embodiment comprises: condenser 10, sun tracker 30, heat collector 50, water circulating pump 70, propulsion system, generator 200 and pumped storage.Propulsion system comprise: steam and water bursting pipe 100, water intaking valve 111, cyclic water tank 400, the hydraulic turbine 300.Pumped storage comprises: low flush tank 500, charging pump 523, water supply valve 524, elevated tank 550, tank bracket 540, lower water valve 522, sparge pipe 520.

The sun power house overall course of work of embodiment is:

1, condenser 10, under the control of sun tracker 30, will shine upon light reflection and converge to heat collector 50 surfaces, see through outer layer glass tube, heating inner layer stainless steel tube.

2, the recirculated water in thermal-collecting tube 50, along in inner layer stainless steel tube Flows, is heated evaporation, the water vapor producing, flows out from the outlet of one end of thermal-collecting tube 50, and the import that thermal-collecting tube 50 other ends are recirculated water, by water circulating pump 70, from cyclic water tank 400 water intakings, inject.

3, water vapor is flowed out in the outlet of one end of thermal-collecting tube 50, enters steam and water bursting pipe 100, and water vapor expands, and promotes water body in pipe, accelerates downwards to flow, last, from the winding pipe exit of steam and water bursting pipe 100, and ejection at a high speed.

4, be subject to the steam and water bursting pipe 100 outlets water impact effect of ejection at a high speed, the runner of the hydraulic turbine 300 rotates, and the hydraulic turbine 300 drives generator 200 generatings.

5, user is supplied with in generator 200 generatings; Or supply with charging pump 523, and from low flush tank 500, by water supply valve 524, to elevated tank 550, supply water, carry out pumping storage.

6, the sun sets, and condenser 10 can not optically focused, and thermal-collecting tube 50 is cooling, no longer produces steam; Start pumping storage system, open lower water valve, the retaining of elevated tank 550, by downcomer and sparge pipe 520, impulse water turbine 300, drives generator 200 generatings.Water after acting, enters low flush tank 500.

7, the night in winter or cloudy day, heat collector can not be worked, and environment temperature is low again, icing when possible if recirculated water has, and should emit in time the water in outdoor circulation line, prevents that circulation line and relevant devices are damaged by frost.

Fig. 2 has provided the condenser structural drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

The condenser of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment, it comprises bar lens array, mounting system, gear train, stepper motor.

Bar lens array comprises reflective mirror 16, condenser frame 19, and the strip-shaped inverted light microscopic 16 that numerous inclination angles are different is arranged on the condenser frame 19 of plane net trellis abreast, form waveform array, the sunlight that projection is come, with different reflection angle, reflection converges on heat collector.On one side condenser frame 19, some strip-shaped inverted light microscopics 16 parallel to each other are set, opposite side, symmetrical identical, left and right sides condenser frame is at grade.

In the bottom surface of the strip-shaped inverted light microscopic 16 of glass plate, coating reflecting properties good reflection coating, damaged for preventing reflection horizon, affect reflecting properties, need to carry out protective treatment.

The well behaved low iron glass of reflective mirror 16 use optics is made.Utilize adhesive that reflective mirror 16 and ceramic member are secured together, by ceramic member, by whole reflective mirrors, each is fixed on condenser frame 19 with different inclination angles, and the sunshine that every a slice reflective mirror can be carried out direct projection, accurately reflexes on heat collector.

Bar lens array condenser can gather axial location by more than 92% vertical sun incident light, namely the position at solar energy heat collection pipe place.The back side of reflective mirror has been coated with aluminium film or silverskin, and has applied again protective finish on film surface.The glass substrate of reflective mirror 16 is ultra-white float glass, all steel mirror; Reflectivity: 5mm is thick, >=92%; Physical strength: 69～90MPa; Serviceable life: 15 to 20 years.

Mounting system comprises optically focused support 17, thermal-arrest frame 12, thermal-arrest ring 11.Because bar lens array physical dimension is large, whole span is larger, and this is with regard to the large optically focused support 17 of Structure of need intensity, for support bar lens array entire infrastructure., respectively there is a upright thermal-arrest frame at the two ends of the intermediate connecting shaft 20 of left and right condenser frame, the thermal-arrest ring 11 that the upper end of thermal-arrest frame 12 has fixed set heat pipe to use.

Be subject to the restriction of solar energy thermal-power-generating station installation location, solar energy heat-collection field will be worked under more severe physical environment, particularly the impact of wind.In the sun of the present invention power house embodiment, corrugated lens array, similar window shutter, has ventilative property, and wind resistance improves.When wind speed is too high, bar lens array rotates to horizontal level, thus protection heat collecting field system.

Gear train comprises turbine 14, worm screw 18, and one end projecting shaft of the intermediate connecting shaft 20 of left and right condenser frame, has turbine 14 on projecting shaft, it matches with the worm screw 18 being fixed on optically focused support 17, by the rotation of stepper motor 15, be delivered on condenser frame 19, change the latter to day angle.

Stepper motor 15 is fixed on optically focused support 17.

The two ends of the intermediate connecting shaft 20 of left and right condenser frame stretch out spindle nose, be fixed in bearing seat 13.The intermediate connecting shaft 20 of left and right condenser frame, it and condenser frame 19, reflective mirror 16, thermal-arrest frame 12, set collar 11 are and are rigidly connected, when coupling shaft 20 rotates under kinematic train and stepper motor 15 drives, condenser frame 19, reflective mirror 16, thermal-arrest frame 12 and thermal-arrest ring 11 all rotate simultaneously.

Fig. 3 has provided the sun tracker circuit diagram of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

Bar lens array condenser can only be collected direct projection light, utilizes tracking means can make system intercept and capture more solar radiation.The tracking mode of groove type solar generating is uniaxiality tracking type, the plane that requires incident ray to be positioned to contain primary optical axis and focal line.

The sun tracker of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment is a control circuit, is following the tracks of in the time period of sunshine, and trough type solar heat-collector carries out day tracking rotary round the transverse axis of fixed-direction, controls solar concentrator, all the time over against the sun.

The mode of following the tracks of the sun mainly contains photoelectric tracking and looks daily motion track following.

Photoelectric tracking is the stochastic system of closed loop, and tracking sensitivity is high, and structural design more for convenience, be easy to realize, but be subject to weather effect large, if long-time black clouds covers the sun, sunray often can not shine photo-sensitive cell, causes tracking means cannot aim at the sun, even there will be misoperation;

It depending on daily motion track following, is the stored program controlled of open loop.Under any weather, all can normally work, but can not eliminate cumulative errors in tracing process.

This solar tracking of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment adopts a kind of complementary tracking control, when fine day, selects the high photoelectric tracking mode of tracking sensitivity, and when weather conditions are not so good.Be switched to and look daily motion track following.

The concrete principle of photoelectric tracking mode is: single-chip microcomputer cycle detection, the signal gathering by Photoelectric Detection judgement mode of operation.During the cloudy day, select to look daily motion track following, by reading the calendar time information of clock module, calculate the now elevation angle of the local sun, and then by single-chip microcomputer, send order-driven electric machine rotation and follow the tracks of; Selective light electric tracing pattern during fine day, the signal drive motor arriving by Photoelectric Detection rotation is followed the tracks of.

Fig. 3-1 is sun tracker circuit diagram, and Fig. 3-2 are sun tracker program flow diagram.

Selecting ATmega8 single-chip microcomputer 30 is control core, utilize the photoresistance principle that resistance changes when illumination, 2 identical photoresistance 37,39 are positioned over respectively to the south and north flanks of east-west heat collector, are responsible for the intensity of light source of 2 directions in detecting north and south.

If sunshine vertical irradiation light collecting plate, the projection of thermal-collecting tube drops in the middle of 2, north and south photoresistance 37,39, and the intensity of illumination that 2, north and south photoresistance 37,39 receives is identical.Its resistance is completely equal, and now motor does not rotate.

When the normal of sunshine direction and light collecting plate has angle, 1 photoresistance is blocked in the projection of thermal-collecting tube, photoresistance 37,39 resistances in 2, north and south are different, the photoresistance resistance that receiving light power is few increases, signal acquisition circuit collects the signal difference of photoresistance, control circuit converts its difference to control signal, drives stepping motor to rotate, until the intensity of illumination in 2 photoresistance 37,39 is identical.

Photoelectric Detection is completed by 3 photoresistance: the variation of 2 37, north and south, 39 detection sun altitudes, middle 1 38 judges daytime or evening for detection of ambient brightness, fine day or cloudy day.Three tunnel photoresistance 37,38,39 are connected with single-chip microcomputer 30, and supply voltage is sent into 3 ADCx pins 40,41,42 after the dividing potential drop of photoresistance and fixed value resistance.

Because system need be carried out time control, adopt clock PCF8583, clock 31 is connected by bus with single-chip microcomputer 30, and its connecting circuit as shown in Figure 3, the INT of clock 31, SCL, tri-pins of SDA 47,48,49, join with tri-pins of INT0, SCL, SDA 34,35,36 of single-chip microcomputer 30.By two PBx pins, 43,44 output drive signals of single-chip microcomputer 30.

Master routine is: initialization single-chip microcomputer correlation function module, the signal of touring detection Photoelectric Detection module, judge and currently should adopt photoelectric tracking still to look daily motion Trajectory Tracking Control mode, then, enter corresponding branched program, output drive signal, Driving Stepping Motor, control solar concentrator, all the time over against the sun.

Photoelectric tracking branched program flow process is: Photoelectric Detection position of sun, ADCx pin by single-chip microcomputer 30 is sent into single-chip microcomputer, through A/D conversion, pass through signal difference, judge that whether solar concentrator is over against the sun, by PBx pin 43,44 output drive signals, to stepper motor, until adjust solar concentrator, aim at the sun, and then return to master routine.

Depending on daily motion track following branched program, be: calculate and follow the tracks of sun altitude, adjust the elevation angle of solar concentrator, make solar concentrator aim at the sun.The elevation angle α of the sun is

sinα＝sinδsinΦ+cosδcosΦcosω

In formula, δ is declination angle; φ is local angle of latitude; ω is hour angle.Declination angle and hour angle are determined by local zone time, and for definite place, local angle of latitude is also determined, therefore as long as the local relevant geographic position of input and temporal information just can be determined this sun altitude constantly.

Fig. 4 has provided the collector structure figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

The heat collector of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment, it is to consist of inner tube 54, outer tube, stainless steel stent 53 and two end flanges 51; Inner tube 54 is stainless-steel tubes, and its outside surface has been coated with metallic ceramics solar selectively absorbing coating, and outer tube is comprised of glass tube 55 and transition conduit, and inner and outer tubes form internal and external casing, and two end flanges are connected, by the emptying formation vacuum of intermediate course air; Transition conduit is comprised of kovar alloy ring 56 and corrugated stainless steel tubing 52; Between inner and outer pipes, place a plurality of stainless steel stents 53, be used for supporting inner tube, keep inner and outer pipes gap even.

The stainless steel material of metal inner pipe 54 of heat collector and the linear expansion coefficient of the glass tube of outer tube 55 differ larger, both cannot realize direct vacuum seal sealing-in, must between the two, add a transition conduit, because thermal expansivity and the glass of kovar alloy in certain temperature range approaches, therefore, select kovar alloy ring 56 to be connected between stainless steel and glass, offset the difference that heat collector inner and outer pipes is radially expanded, and with corrugated stainless steel tubing 52, overcome the difference of heat collector inner and outer pipes longitudinal dilatation.

The vacuum tightness of heat collector is 0.013Pa, and the coating for selective absorption on outer wall of inner tube has higher solar absorptance and lower transmitting ratio, adopts the mode of vacuum sputtering coating to prepare.Coating for selective absorption absorbing wavelength is that the sunray of 0.3～1.3um gathers luminous energy, by light energy conversion, is heat energy, and by vacuum interlayer insulation, reduces thermal loss.Absorber coatings absorptivity can reach 0.96, and at 400 ℃, its emissivity is less than 0.15, the equal coating of surfaces externally and internally of outer glass pipe 55 antireflecting coating, be used for reducing the thermal loss of glass tube surface light reflection.In order to absorb in the hot course of work, produce and spread in the gas molecule in vacuum interlayer, before whole thermal-collecting tube sealing, fixedly the getter of some, in order to keep the vacuum tightness of thermal-collecting tube interlayer, improves serviceable life and the collecting efficiency of heat collector.Between inner and outer pipes, place a plurality of stainless steel stents 53, be used for supporting inner tube, keep inner and outer pipes gap even.

Fig. 5 has provided the water circulating pump structural drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

The water circulating pump of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment is multistage subsection formula, and import and export are respectively on inlet segment 71 and water exit end 76, and all vertically upward, its lift can need increase and decrease water circulating pump progression according to using.The critical part of water circulating pump has axle 74, axle sleeve 75, inlet segment 71, impeller 72, sealing ring 79, stage casing 73, water exit end 76, gimbal 80, balancing frame 77, tail-hood 78.

Inlet segment 71, stage casing 73, water exit end 76 and tail-hood 78 are cast iron and make, and jointly form the operating room of pump.Impeller 72 is made for cast iron, inside has blade, and liquid is one-sided entering vertically, due to impeller 72 front and back pressurizeds not etc., there is axial force, this axial force is born by balancing frame 77.Axle 74 is made for Fine Steel Casting iron, and impeller 72 is equipped with in centre, with key, axle sleeve and sleeve nut, is fixed on axle.One end of axle 74, by dress shaft coupling parts, directly connects with motor.Sealing ring 79 is made for cast iron, prevents that water circulating pump from leaking, and is separately fixed among inlet segment and stage casing.Gimbal 80 is made for cast iron, is fixed on water exit end it and the common Compositional balance device of balancing frame 77.Balancing frame is that antifriction cast iron is made, is contained on axle, and between water exit end and tail-hood, balancing axial thrust.Axle sleeve 75 is made for cast iron, the use of fix impeller and protection pump shaft.

Bearing is with single-row radial ball bearing, adopts calcium base butter lubricated.Filler seals, and prevents that air from entering and a large amount of liquid spills.Packing seal is by the filler chamber on inlet segment and tail-hood, gland, and the compositions such as packing ring and filler, a small amount of water under high pressure flows in filler chamber and plays water seal effect.

Fig. 6 has provided the propulsion system overall construction drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

The propulsion system of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment comprise: steam and water bursting device, steam and water bursting controller 180, the hydraulic turbine 300.Steam and water bursting device comprises cyclic water tank 400, steam and water bursting pipe 100 and several valve.

Under the control of steam and water bursting controller 180, steam and water bursting device moves by following two step cycle:

1, steam valve 103 on steam pipe is opened 0.5 second, in steam and water bursting pipe 100, enter a certain amount of steam, within the time in 1 second subsequently, water body flow accelerating in Steam Actuation pipe, then by the nozzle 304 of the hydraulic turbine, rush at the wheel blade 302 of the runner 301 of the hydraulic turbine 300, runner rotates, and drives hydraulic turbine rotating shaft 303 to rotate, externally acting.

2, the water in steam and water bursting pipe 100 is all discharged, but is full of steam, and water intaking valve 111 is opened 0.5 second, in steam and water bursting pipe 100, steam and water bursting intensely occurs at once, and the water in cyclic water tank 400 is rushed in and is full of steam and water bursting pipe 100 inner spaces.In the interior steam and water bursting of steam and water bursting pipe 100, a small amount of surrounding air, by micro-air valve opening 101 and reverse checkvalve 102 on air hose, enters in the steam and water bursting pipe 100 in negative pressure, and in pipe, the upper surface of water body, forms a thin layer of air.

Fig. 7 has provided the steam and water bursting device structural drawing of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

The steam and water bursting device of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment comprises cyclic water tank 400, steam and water bursting pipe 100 and several valve.

Steam and water bursting pipe comprises VERTICAL TUBE, short tube, bend pipe, air hose, steam pipe, the device of striking waters; Several valves are air valve, reverse checkvalve, steam valve, water intaking valve.

One of the bend pipe of steam and water bursting pipe joins with the end opening of VERTICAL TUBE, forms J-shaped.The other end of bend pipe is water delivering orifice 107, receives the nozzle of the hydraulic turbine.In VERTICAL TUBE, near the junction with bend pipe, level picks out a short tube, has a water intaking valve 111 in short tube, the port of short tube is water inlet 113, water inlet 113 and bend pipe, below the water surface of cyclic water tank, more than VERTICAL TUBE water inlet, are upright on the water surface of cyclic water tank.VERTICAL TUBE upper end picks out two pipes, and one is air hose 109, another steam pipe 110.Air hose 109 is provided with air valve 101 and reverse checkvalve 102, and the other end of air hose, leads to ambient atmosphere.The outlet of steam pipe 110 imports and thermal-collecting tube is joined, and steam pipe 110 is provided with steam valve 103.

In VERTICAL TUBE and bend pipe, i.e. steam and water bursting pipe 100 inside, are the inlet channel of the steam and water bursting pipe water storage spaces of holding concurrently.In VERTICAL TUBE, be provided with the device 117 of striking waters.Steam valve 103, water intaking valve 111 are all solenoid valves, and in valve opening, flow area equates there are two states of standard-sized sheet and full cut-off with device for cleaning pipeline flow area before and after valve opening, controlled by steam and water bursting controller.Air valve 101 is manually-operated gates.

Internal diameter and the length of steam and water bursting pipe 100 bodies, be the critical feature size of steam and water bursting pipe 100, and it is relevant with the pondage of steam and water bursting pipe 100, need to calculate according to the output power of steam and water bursting pipe 100 and steam parameter.

Illustrate below: how the critical feature size of steam and water bursting pipe 100 is decided by its output power and steam parameter.

Example 1: utilize the sun of the present invention power house, build the Compact Power Plant of a 200kW, thermal-collecting tube outlet steam condition is saturated vapour, and pressure is 10MPa, and temperature is 311 ℃.Adiabatic expansion is to environment atmospheric pressure, and environment atmospheric pressure is 0.1MPa, and every kilogram of steam isentropic enthalpy drop is 700kJ, and adiabatic expansion efficiency is 90%, the every kilogram of actual acting of steam 630kJ.

Hydrogenerator electromotive power output is 200kW, turbine efficiency 85%, and efficiency of generator 90%, hydraulic turbine power input N should be

N＝200/(0.85*0.90)＝261(kW)

P.s., the quantity of steam m of acting was

m＝261/630＝0.414(kg)

The quantity of steam M of needs per hour is

M＝0.414*3600＝1490(kg)

So, with the sun of the present invention power house, build the small-sized back pressure type of a 200kW power house, thermal-collecting tube steam production is set as 1.5 tons of saturated vapours of production per hour, and vapor pressure is 10MPa, and temperature is 311 ℃.

The quantity of steam m of this Compact Power Plant acting p.s. is 0.414kg.A circulation of steam and water bursting pipe, comprises admission, water spray and upper water process, and setting a circulation time used is 2 seconds, a quantity of steam that circulation needs, and namely a throttle flow a is

a＝0.414*2＝0.828(kg)

By tabling look-up, learn, pressure is 10MPa, and temperature is that the specific volume v1 of the saturated vapour of 311 ℃ is 0.018m ³/ kg, the volume b that once enters quantity of steam a is

b＝0.018*0.828＝0.015(m ³)

When pressure is 10MPa, temperature is the saturated vapour of 311 ℃, and reversible adiabatic expansion is to 0.1MPa pressure, and specific volume v2 is now 1.2m ³/ kg, die swell ratio is

v2/v1＝1.2/0.018＝66.7

The quantity of steam of a circulation, adiabatic expansion to the volume c of 0.1MPa pressure is

c＝b*66.7＝0.015*66.7＝1.00(m ³)

The volume that cyclic steam expansion of steam and water bursting pipe that Here it is ends.

The water storage useful space of steam and water bursting pipe 100, should equal the volume that a cyclic steam expands and ends, i.e. 1m ³.If VERTICAL TUBE is identical with bend pipe internal diameter, for this reason, the internal diameter of determining steam and water bursting pipe is 0.35m, and total length is 10.4 meters, and wherein: VERTICAL TUBE length is taken as 7 meters, bend pipe length is taken as 3.4 meters.

The device 117 of striking waters is disks with holes that are fixed in steam and water bursting pipe, be positioned at one of steam and water bursting Guan Sifen At The Height, disc surfaces is vertical with steam and water bursting tubular axis line, on disk, be uniformly distributed the through hole that diameter is 30mm, the through hole total area account for disc surfaces long-pending 1/2nd, disk external diameter equals 1/2nd of steam and water bursting pipe 100 VERTICAL TUBE internal diameters.

The principle of work of steam and water bursting device is described as follows:

1, steam pushes away water process.In VERTICAL TUBE, be full of water, and, on the water surface, there is skim air, open steam valve 103, by steam valve 103, after the quantitative high-temperature steam of the interior injection of steam and water bursting pipe 100, steam off valve 103.Due to the inhibition of air layer, only there is minute quantity high-temperature steam to dissolve in the normal-temperature water in VERTICAL TUBE.The admission of high-temperature steam and expansion process acting, the normal-temperature water promoting in air layer and VERTICAL TUBE is pressurizeed, is accelerated to flow, and flows from the top down, by VERTICAL TUBE, then by bend pipe, flows out, then enter the nozzle of the hydraulic turbine from water delivering orifice 107 high speeds.

2, steam and water bursting process.Steam valve 103, in closed condition, is full of high-temperature steam in steam and water bursting pipe 100.At VERTICAL TUBE water inlet 113 places, open water intaking valve 111, water inlet 113 is outer is the normal-temperature water in cyclic water tank 400, and VERTICAL TUBE and bend pipe inside are high-temperature steams, and the high-temperature steam in pipe dissolves in rapidly the normal-temperature water of water inlet, and the water outside pipe pours in pipe.Because steam is water-soluble, cause vapor pressure in steam and water bursting pipe to decline, water pours in rapidly, and due to the perturbation action of the pipe 117 of striking waters, disorderly current have expanded the contact surface area with steam, have accelerated the water-soluble speed of steam.Due to the circular interaction of steam and water, cause very soon steam water attack, the normal-temperature water in cyclic water tank is rushed in rapidly steam and water bursting pipe 100, and almost moment has just occupied the whole spaces in VERTICAL TUBE and bend pipe.In steam water, hit, in the pipe of VERTICAL TUBE, space is negative pressure state, and outside air is by micro-air valve opening 101, with reverse checkvalve 102, by air hose 119, in steam and water bursting pipe, flow into a small amount of air, at the water inlet upper surface of VERTICAL TUBE, form a thin air layer.

After steam and water bursting process finishes, then carry out steam and push away water process, so repeatedly circulate.

The steam valve of steam and water bursting device of the present invention and water intaking valve are the solenoid valves that relies on electromagnetic force action, during energising, open, and during power-off, close.

Cyclic water tank 400 is for holding recirculated water, and the lower tubular section of steam and water bursting pipe 100, comprises water inlet 113, and vertical immersion is in the water of cyclic water tank 400., there is filling pipe cyclic water tank 400 sidewall tops, have water compensating valve 105 on it., there is rising pipe cyclic water tank 400 sidewall belows, have outlet valve 106 on it.Rising pipe is access to water circulating pump, to thermal-collecting tube, supplies water.On cyclic water tank 400 sidewalls, there is cold water pipe 108, on it, have cold valves 118.In cold water pipe, connect cooling coil, external connection radiating device, for the recirculated water in cooling circulation water tank 400.Heat abstractor can be cooling tower, air cooler or cooling pond.

Fig. 8 has provided the steam and water bursting controller circuitry figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

This is to utilize three grades of sequential timers, drives in order two magnetic electric switches, controls the circuit of two solenoid valves.Adopt three 555 integrated circuit, produce three sequential pulses, the output terminal of the 3rd 555 integrated circuit is received the trigger end of first 555 integrated circuit, realizes unstable state work.

First 555 integrated circuit 120, its reset terminal and power end all direct and V+ power supply join.Earth terminal ground connection, control end 125 is by a capacity earth.The trigger pip of trigger end 122, from the output signal of the 3rd 555 integrated circuit 140, the trigger pulse that the differentiating circuit forming via resistance 121 and electric capacity 124 produces.When trigger end 122 is triggered, the upset of internal trigger comparer, output terminal output high level.The inner open circuit of discharge end, power supply V+ starts by timing resistor 128 to timing capacitor 129 chargings.In timing capacitor 129, be charged to 2V+/3 o'clock, the upset of threshold value end internal threshold comparer, timing capacitor 129 discharges into rapidly earth potential, and output terminal is got back to low level.Timing is about 1.1* timing resistor * timing capacitor.Timing resistor 128 is 0.5 megohm, and timing capacitor 129 is 1 microfarad, and timing is about 0.5 second.The output signal of its output terminal 123 is received the base stage of current amplifier tube 160 by resistance 162, this is 3DK4 pipe, in its collector loop, has a magnetic electric switch 161, controls steam valve, enters 0.5 second of steam.

Second 555 integrated circuit 130, the trigger pip of its trigger end 132, from the output signal of first 555 integrated circuit 120, the trigger pulse that the differentiating circuit forming via resistance and electric capacity produces.Timing is 1 second.

Be regularly for time delay this 1 second, within this 1 second time, completes:

Steam expands and pushes away water in steam and water bursting pipe.On the water surface, there is a thin air layer, due to the inhibition of air layer, only have minute quantity high-temperature steam to dissolve in the normal-temperature water in VERTICAL TUBE.The admission of high-temperature steam and expansion process acting, the normal-temperature water pressurization, the acceleration that promote in air layer and VERTICAL TUBE are flowed, and flow through from the top down VERTICAL TUBE, then flow through bend pipe, then flow out at a high speed by bend pipe water delivering orifice, enter the nozzle of the hydraulic turbine.

The 3rd 555 integrated circuit 140, the trigger pip of its trigger end 142, from the output terminal 133 of second 555 integrated circuit 130, the trigger pulse that the differentiating circuit forming via resistance and electric capacity produces.Timing is got 0.5 second.The output signal of its output terminal 143 is received the base stage of current amplifier tube 175 by resistance 177, this is a 3DK4 pipe, in its collector loop, has a magnetic electric switch 172 to control the water intaking valve of steam and water bursting pipe, opens for 0.5 second.Within this 0.5 second, complete:

1, open water intaking valve, cause at once steam water attack.The water of cyclic water tank, mainly by water intake valve, also oppositely intakes by bend pipe water delivering orifice, and to the water inlet in steam and water bursting pipe, from bottom to top, moment is full of VERTICAL TUBE and bend pipe to current.

2, during this period, steam and water bursting pipe inner space is negative pressure state, and a small amount of surrounding air, by micro-air valve opening and reverse checkvalve, enters in steam and water bursting pipe, is gathered on the water surface, forms a thin layer of air.

Fig. 9 has provided the hydraulic turbine structure figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

The hydraulic turbine of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment is impulse turbine, in impulse turbine, different with work jet and runner relative position, can be divided into tangential wheel, inclined-jet turbine, and the sun of the present invention power house embodiment adopts inclined-jet turbine.Its structure comprises: runner 301, wheel blade 302, rotating shaft 303, nozzle 304, needle-valve 305He needle-valve travel mechanism 306.

As shown in the figure, the work jet of inclined-jet turbine, is some angle [alpha] with runner 301 inletpistons, and jet is directive runner 301 sideling.By means of water distributor, there is the work jet of kinetic energy, under the adjusting of needle-valve 305, by nozzle 304, rush at the wheel blade 302 of runner 301, runner 301 drives rotating shaft 303 rotation actings, the outside output mechanical energy of rotating shaft 303.Needle-valve travel mechanism 306, can advance and retreat by metering pin valve 305, reaches the object that changes nozzle 304 discharge area sizes.

Figure 10 has provided the electric generator structure figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

Generator of the present invention is alternating-current brushless rotary pole formula synchronous generator, and the armature of rotary pole formula generator is fixed, and magnetic pole rotates.Magnetic pole winding is in rotor core groove, and armature winding is evenly distributed in whole stator coring groove, and the alternating current of armature winding output can directly be sent to load.

The concrete structure of alternating-current brushless rotary pole formula synchronous generator, mainly contains: generator amature 211, generator unit stator 212 and generator shaft 215.Generator amature 211 comprises generator rotor core, rotor magnetic pole winding, rotating shaft, exciter rotor 213, rotating rectifier 216.Generator unit stator 212 comprises support, stator core, stator armature winding, end cap, bearing cap, exciter stator 214.

The alternating current that AC exciter produces, after rotating rectifier 216 rectifications, for rotor 211 magnetic pole excitations of synchronous generator.The stator 214 of AC exciter is magnetic pole, and rotor 213 is armature.

During generator operation, can produce multiple loss and cause heating, on generator amature, be equipped with 217 pairs of generators of fan ventilate cooling, to guarantee that the temperature rise of generator controls in allowed limits.

Figure 11 has provided the pumped storage figure of the sun of the present invention power house embodiment.

Pumped storage comprises: low flush tank 500, charging pump 523, water supply valve 524, elevated tank 550, tank bracket 540, lower water valve 522, sparge pipe 520.On elevated tank 550, there are water-level gauge 535 and run-down pipe 536.

On daytime, generator generating drives charging pump 523, from low flush tank 500, by water supply valve 524 and upper hose 525, to elevated tank 550, supplies water, and carries out pumping storage.

At night, the sun sets, and condenser can not optically focused, and thermal-collecting tube no longer produces steam, can not propulsion power device, can not generate electricity.At this moment, start pumping storage system, open lower water valve 522, the retaining of elevated tank 550, by downcomer 521 and sparge pipe 520, water spray impulse water turbine, drives generator generating.Water after acting, enters low flush tank 500.

Claims (8)

1. a sun power house that utilizes solar thermal energy generating, it comprises: condenser, sun tracker, heat collector, recirculated water, water circulating pump, propulsion system and generator, water circulating pump injects heat collector by recirculated water, under sun tracker is controlled, and the sunshine that condenser carrys out projection, heat collector is gathered in reflection, recirculated water in heat collector is subject to thermal evaporation, produces steam, and steam enters propulsion system acting, propulsion system drive generator generating, it is characterized in that:

(1) described condenser, it comprises bar lens array, mounting system, gear train and stepper motor, bar lens array, gear train and stepper motor are all supported by mounting system, gear train is comprised of turbine and worm, stepper motor output terminal drive transmission device, gear train output terminal control strip lens array;

(2) described propulsion system, it comprises steam and water bursting device, steam and water bursting controller and the hydraulic turbine, and steam and water bursting controller is controlled steam and water bursting device, and steam and water bursting device drives the hydraulic turbine;

Described steam and water bursting device comprises cyclic water tank, steam and water bursting pipe and several valve;

Steam and water bursting pipe comprises VERTICAL TUBE, short tube, bend pipe, air hose, steam pipe, the device of striking waters; Several valves are air valve, reverse checkvalve, steam valve, water intaking valve;

One of bend pipe joins with the end opening of VERTICAL TUBE, and two pipes form J-shaped; The other end of bend pipe is water delivering orifice, receives the nozzle of the hydraulic turbine; In VERTICAL TUBE, near the junction with bend pipe, level picks out a short tube, has a water intaking valve in short tube, and the port of short tube is water inlet, and water inlet and bend pipe are below the water surface of cyclic water tank;

VERTICAL TUBE is upright on the water surface of cyclic water tank, and VERTICAL TUBE upper end picks out two pipes, and one is air hose, another steam pipe; On air hose, have air valve and reverse checkvalve, the other end of air hose, leads to ambient atmosphere; The outlet of steam pipe import and heat collector is joined, and has steam valve on steam pipe; Steam valve, water intaking valve are all solenoid valves, and air valve is manually-operated gate;

In VERTICAL TUBE, be provided with the device of striking waters, the device of striking waters is the disk with holes being fixed in steam and water bursting pipe, be positioned at one of steam and water bursting Guan Sifen At The Height, disc surfaces is vertical with steam and water bursting tubular axis line, on disk, be uniformly distributed the through hole that diameter is 30mm, the through hole total area account for disc surfaces long-pending 1/2nd, disk external diameter equals 1/2nd of VERTICAL TUBE internal diameter;

Cyclic water tank is used for holding recirculated water, the lower tubular section of steam and water bursting pipe, described water inlet are all immersed in the water of cyclic water tank, the lower tubular section of steam and water bursting pipe is vertical with the surface level of cyclic water tank, cyclic water tank sidewall top, there is filling pipe, on it, have water compensating valve, cyclic water tank sidewall below, there is rising pipe, on it, have outlet valve, rising pipe is access to water circulating pump, to heat collector, supplies water, on cyclic water tank sidewall, there is cold water pipe, on it, have cold valves, in cold water pipe, connect cooling coil, external connection radiating device, for the recirculated water in cooling circulation water tank;

Described steam and water bursting controller, it is a control circuit; It utilizes three grades of sequential timers, drives in order two magnetic electric switches, controls two solenoid valves, it adopts three 555 integrated circuit, produce three sequential pulses, the output terminal of the 3rd 555 integrated circuit is received the trigger end of first 555 integrated circuit, realizes unstable state work;

First 555 integrated circuit, the trigger pip of its trigger end, output signal from the 3rd 555 integrated circuit, when trigger end is triggered, the upset of internal trigger comparer, output terminal output high level, power supply V+ starts to charge to timing capacitor by timing resistor, while being charged to 2/3V+ in timing capacitor, the upset of threshold value comparer, output terminal is got back to low level, timing is about 1.1* timing resistor * timing capacitor, timing resistor is 0.5 megohm, timing capacitor is 1 microfarad, timing is about 0.5 second, the output signal of its output terminal is received current amplifier tube, in its collector loop, there is a magnetic electric switch, control steam valve, enter 0.5 second of steam,

Second 555 integrated circuit, the trigger pip of its trigger end, from the output signal of first 555 integrated circuit, timing is 1 second, be regularly for time delay this 1 second;

The 3rd 555 integrated circuit, the trigger pip of its trigger end, output signal from second 555 integrated circuit, timing is got 0.5 second, the output signal of its output terminal is received current amplifier tube, in its collector loop, has a magnetic electric switch, control the water intaking valve of steam and water bursting pipe, opened for 0.5 second;

(3) it also comprises pumped storage.

2. according to the sun claimed in claim 1 power house, it is characterized in that:

Described lens array comprises reflective mirror and condenser frame, and the strip-shaped inverted light microscopic that numerous inclination angles are different, along east-west direction, be positioned in parallel within on the condenser frame of plane net trellis, form waveform array, the sunshine that projection is come, with different reflection angle, reflection converges on heat collector; In heat collector north and south, respectively establish a condenser frame, on the condenser frame of north side, some strip-shaped inverted light microscopics are set, in southern side, symmetrical identical, south and north flanks condenser frame at grade, has a coupling shaft in the middle of two condenser frames, and coupling shaft is positioned at east-west direction.

3. according to the sun claimed in claim 1 power house, it is characterized in that:

Described sun tracker, it is a control circuit, the output of this circuit, Driving Stepping Motor, then by gear train, control condenser day is followed the tracks of, the sunshine to guarantee that condenser carrys out projection, accurately converges on heat collector;

The Photoelectric Detection of control circuit is completed by 3 photoresistance, 2, north and south is symmetrically located on the condenser frame of north and south, and when condenser frame plane and sunshine out of plumb, 1 photoresistance is blocked by heat collector, 2, north and south photoresistance resistance is not identical, with this, detects the variation of sun altitude; Middle 1 is positioned on the middle coupling shaft of two condenser frames, under heat collector shade, and for detection of ambient brightness, judgement daytime or evening, fine day or cloudy day; After the dividing potential drop of the photoresistance of supply voltage Jing San Road and fixed value resistance, send into 3 ADCx pins of single chip computer AT mega8;

The clock PCF8583 of control circuit is connected by bus with single-chip microcomputer, and tri-pins of INT0, SCL, SDA of the INT of clock, SCL, tri-pins of SDA and single-chip microcomputer join, by two PBx pins of single-chip microcomputer, output drive signal;

The master routine of control circuit is: initialization single-chip microcomputer correlation function module, the photosignal of 3 photoresistance of touring detection, and judging, if daytime fine day, just adopt photoelectric tracking mode; If cloudy, just adopt and look daily motion Trajectory Tracking Control mode, then, enter corresponding branched program, output drive signal, Driving Stepping Motor, controls solar concentrator, all the time over against the sun;

Photoelectric tracking branched program flow process is: Photoelectric Detection position of sun, detection signal is sent into single-chip microcomputer by ADCx pin, through A/D conversion, judge that whether solar concentrator is over against the sun, by two PBx pin output drive signals to stepper motor, until adjust solar concentrator, aim at the sun, and then return to master routine;

Depending on daily motion track following branched program, be: calculate and follow the tracks of sun altitude, adjust the elevation angle of solar concentrator, make solar concentrator aim at the sun.

4. according to the sun power house described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that:

Described heat collector, it is to consist of inner tube, outer tube, stainless steel stent and two end flanges; Inner tube is stainless-steel tube, and its outside surface has been coated with metallic ceramics solar selectively absorbing coating, and outer tube is comprised of glass tube and transition conduit, and inner and outer tubes form internal and external casing, and two end flanges are connected, by the emptying formation vacuum of intermediate course air; Transition conduit is comprised of kovar alloy ring and corrugated stainless steel tubing; Between inner and outer pipes, place a plurality of stainless steel stents, be used for supporting inner tube, keep inner and outer pipes gap even.

5. according to the sun claimed in claim 1 power house, it is characterized in that:

Described water circulating pump is multistage subsection formula, and critical part has axle, axle sleeve, inlet segment, impeller, sealing ring, stage casing, water exit end, gimbal, balancing frame, tail-hood; Intake-outlet is respectively on inlet segment and water exit end, and all vertically upward, inlet segment, stage casing, water exit end and tail-hood are cast iron and make, and jointly form the operating room of pump; Impeller is that cast iron is made, and inside has blade, and axle is that Fine Steel Casting iron is made, and impeller is equipped with in centre; Sealing ring is that cast iron is made, and is separately fixed among inlet segment and stage casing; Gimbal is that cast iron is made, and is fixed on water exit end, and balancing frame is that antifriction cast iron is made, and is contained on axle it and the common Compositional balance device of gimbal, balancing axial thrust; Axle sleeve is that cast iron is made, the use of fix impeller and protection pump shaft.

6. according to the sun claimed in claim 1 power house, it is characterized in that:

The described hydraulic turbine is inclined-jet turbine, and its structure comprises: runner, wheel blade, rotating shaft, nozzle, needle-valve and needle-valve travel mechanism; Work jet and runner inletpiston are some angle [alpha], under the adjusting of needle-valve, work jet passes through nozzle, directive runner sideling, impact the wheel blade of runner, driven by rotating wheel rotating shaft rotation, the outside output mechanical energy of rotating shaft, needle-valve travel mechanism can advance and retreat by metering pin valve, changes exit area of nozzle.

7. according to the sun claimed in claim 1 power house, it is characterized in that:

Described generator is alternating-current brushless rotary pole formula synchronous generator, the armature of rotary pole formula generator is fixed, and magnetic pole rotates, and magnetic pole winding is in rotor core groove, armature winding is evenly distributed in whole stator coring groove, and armature winding output AC electric current is sent to load;

The concrete structure of alternating-current brushless rotary pole formula synchronous generator, mainly contain: generator amature, generator unit stator and generator shaft, generator amature comprises generator rotor core, rotor magnetic pole winding, rotating shaft, exciter rotor, rotating rectifier, fan, and generator unit stator comprises support, stator core, stator armature winding, end cap, bearing cap, exciter stator;

The alternating current that AC exciter produces, after rotating rectifier rectification, for the rotor magnetic pole excitation of synchronous generator, the stator of AC exciter is magnetic pole, and rotor is armature.

8. according to the sun claimed in claim 1 power house, it is characterized in that:

Described pumped storage comprises: low flush tank, charging pump, water supply valve, elevated tank, tank bracket, lower water valve, sparge pipe, have water level to take into account run-down pipe on elevated tank;

On daytime, generator generating drives charging pump, from low flush tank, by water supply valve and upper hose, to high-level tank water, carries out pumping storage; At night, start pumped storage, opens lower water valve, the retaining of elevated tank, and by downcomer and sparge pipe, water spray impulse water turbine, drives generator generating, and the water after acting, enters low flush tank.