CN102651087A - Maximum power point-tracking photovoltaic system based on ant colony-artificial immune hybrid optimization algorithm - Google Patents
Maximum power point-tracking photovoltaic system based on ant colony-artificial immune hybrid optimization algorithm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an ant colony-artificial immune hybrid optimization algorithm-based maximum power point-tracking solution in a set of photovoltaic power generation system, in particular to a maximum power point-tracking photovoltaic system based on an ant colony-artificial immune hybrid optimization algorithm. The ant colony algorithm has a powerful advantage in solving the complex combinatorial optimization problem but has certain defects as well, and aimed at the problem that individual ants in the ant colony algorithm lack the ability of identifying problem characteristic information, the idea of vaccine in the immune algorithm is introduced into the ant colony algorithm to provide the ant colony-immune hybrid algorithm. Power optimizers applying the algorithm carry out dual-tracking on solar panels; on one hand, the optimal local MPP (maximum power point) is tracked; and on the other hand, the energy transmission in the system is increased to the max. The power optimizers are indirectly connected with one another, have cognitive ability and self-organization ability, and can detect and independently regulate respective current and voltage environments until the whole string of solar panels reaches an optimal value, and meanwhile, the level of the solar panels reaches a local optimal point.
Description
Technical field
Technical scheme of the present invention belongs to electric and electronic technical field, is a kind of power supply optimization system based on advanced intelligent algorithm, is used for photovoltaic generating system and improves generating efficiency.
Background technology
Because solar battery array has the strong nonlinear characteristic,, all introduced solar cell MPPT maximum power point tracking control technology usually for guaranteeing solar battery array peak power output accordingly all the time under any illumination and environment temperature.Through to the volt-ampere characteristic of the principle of solar cell power generation, photovoltaic cell and junction temperature and intensity of illumination researching and analysing to the influence of solar cell output characteristics; For carrying out maximum power tracing research theoretical foundation and research correlation data are provided; After photovoltaic generating system having been had understanding clearly; Project team is to present research about the MPPT strategy; The method that has occurred comprises that constant voltage back tracking method, disturbance observation, increment conductance method, ripple method of perturbation, power meter algorithm, electric current optimizing method and fuzzy logic control method etc. analyze and research, and these solutions have search time and dead time long etc. not enough.The present invention has incorporated ant crowd, Artificial Immune Algorithm on these MPPT maximum power point tracking technical foundation; Make its large-scale parallel adaptive information processing system characteristics be applied to MPPT maximum power point tracking, demonstrate accurate regulating power detecting and eliminate interference problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve at present MPPT maximum power point tracking system needs than long search time, easy precocity, the stagnation behavior of occurring, raising photovoltaic generating system generating efficiency.
The present invention provides in the cover photovoltaic generating system based on the MPPT maximum power point tracking solution of ant crowd, artificial immunity hybrid optimization algorithm.Ant group algorithm has powerful advantage finding the solution on the complex combination optimization problem, it has characteristics such as positive feedback, concurrency, distributivity, self-organization.But the ant group algorithm part that also comes with some shortcomings: for example, algorithm needs long search time, precocious, stagnation behavior occur easily.Lack the ability of identification problem characteristic information to the individual ant in the ant group algorithm, the thought of vaccine in the immune algorithm is incorporated in the ant group algorithm, proposed the hybrid algorithm of ant group algorithm and immune algorithm.Give ant with the characteristic information of problem as vaccine injection, make ant have the ability of immunity, be intended to use for reference the strong point of other bionic Algorithm, utilize its advantage to remedy the deficiency of ant group algorithm, thereby improve the performance of finding the solution of ant group algorithm.These immune optimization algorithms have absorbed immune different characteristics respectively, and the algorithm behind feasible the optimization is compared to traditional evolution algorithm, at different aspect improvement has in various degree been arranged.The power supply optimizer of using this algorithm carries out dual tracking to cell panel: on the one hand, they follow the tracks of best local MPP; On the other hand, they are different output voltage/electric current with input voltage/current conversion, transmit with the energy in the raising system to greatest extent.The power supply optimizer interconnects with indirect mode.They have cognitive and organizational capacity voluntarily, can detect own electric current and voltage environment and adjustment voluntarily, reach optimum value up to the whole cell panel of going here and there, and the while reaches the local optimum point in the cell panel rank.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, further improve photovoltaic generation equipment MPPT maximum power point tracking efficient, reach more accurate regulating power, significantly improve the power generation performance ratio of photovoltaic generating system detecting and eliminate interference problem.Before the power supply optimizer is installed; The equipment performance ratio has only 65%, in the cell panel system, installs after the power supply optimizer, even have shielding shadow, cell panel and circuit imbalance problem; Whole output power has also promoted 20%, and the performance ratio of system reaches unprecedented 85%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a systematic schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the overall process flow diagram of algorithm.
Fig. 3 is a signal schematic representation.
Embodiment
Power supply optimizer shown in Figure 1 has kept the series-connected cell plate arrangement mode of experiencing all sorts of checking, and realizes improvement through only DC/DC being distributed to cell panel with the PMMT function.Meanwhile, power supply optimizer framework and existing multi-level inverter are perfect compatible, they can be moved more efficiently, because bus voltage can keep higher level and more constant.The power supply optimizer is not only limited to the performance that promotes DC-DC converter, and they can handle the many situation of the energy, also can handle the situation that the energy reduces.The irradiation (mismatch problem opposite with shielding shadow) that increases because of reflection also can be utilized to increase production capacity.The capable processing power of same power supply optimizer changes, and method is to add cell panel (making this tandem produce more electric weight) to certain tandem, perhaps reduces by one or two cell panels (thereby reducing electric weight) from certain tandem.
Ant group algorithm has powerful advantage finding the solution on the complex combination optimization problem, it has characteristics such as positive feedback, concurrency, distributivity, self-organization.But the ant group algorithm part that also comes with some shortcomings: for example, algorithm needs long search time, precocious, stagnation behavior occur easily.Lack the ability of identification problem characteristic information to the individual ant in the ant group algorithm, the thought of vaccine in the immune algorithm is incorporated in the ant group algorithm, proposed the hybrid algorithm of ant group algorithm and immune algorithm.Give ant with the characteristic information of problem as vaccine injection, make ant have the ability of immunity, be intended to use for reference the strong point of other bionic Algorithm, utilize its advantage to remedy the deficiency of ant group algorithm, thereby improve the performance of finding the solution of ant group algorithm.These immune optimization algorithms have absorbed immune different characteristics respectively, and the algorithm behind feasible the optimization is compared to traditional evolution algorithm, at different aspect improvement has in various degree been arranged.For example, introduce the diversity that immune self-regulatory mechanism can keep population, loss and the premature convergence of avoiding outstanding gene are in locally optimal solution; Introduce vaccine inoculation mechanism and can make full use of the priori experience that has accumulated in the particular problem, make problem possess rational guidance quality, help the pilot model fast-ripenin in some key component; The memory mechanism of introducing immune antiboidy then makes algorithm have learning ability to a certain degree; Automatically store outstanding antibody, when identical or similar antigen was invaded once more, system can be through selectivity clone, the existing memory antibody of variation; Find out corresponding optimum solution rapidly; Dwindled the hunting zone, improved the reaction velocity of system, and this effect is tangible further along with the increase of working experience.Concrete implementation algorithm is as shown in Figure 2.The power supply optimizer of using this algorithm carries out dual tracking to cell panel: on the one hand, they follow the tracks of best local MPP; On the other hand, they are different output voltage/electric current with input voltage/current conversion, transmit with the energy in the raising system to greatest extent.The power supply optimizer interconnects with indirect mode.They have cognitive and organizational capacity voluntarily, can detect own electric current and voltage environment and adjustment voluntarily, reach optimum value up to the whole cell panel of going here and there, and the while reaches the local optimum point in the cell panel rank.
When environment temperature or intensity of illumination exceed certain limit and obviously have influence on the photovoltaic generating system output power, just can start immune response and follow the trail of maximum power point again.Therefore; The number of times that immune response starts is limited; As long as the time that immune response takies is enough little with respect to the time of photovoltaic generating system operate as normal; A period of time internal cause immune response process output-power fluctuation and the electric energy loss that causes is enough little with respect to the whole output of this section photovoltaic timing electricity generation system electric energy as long as the order of magnitude can be controlled at 1000 Milliseconds, is superior to international standard.In order to verify the ageing of immune optimization algorithm, extract 20 groups of random temperatures and light intensity and carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking, and the recording, tracking time, as shown in Figure 3.The data presentation time of at every turn following the trail of mainly concentrates between the 50ms to 200ms and fluctuates in the table, well beyond the requirement of the 1000ms of system.
Claims (1)
1. based on the MPPT maximum power point tracking photovoltaic system of ant crowd, artificial immunity hybrid optimization algorithm, the thought of vaccine in the immune algorithm is incorporated in the ant group algorithm, the hybrid algorithm of ant group algorithm and immune algorithm has been proposed.Give ant with the characteristic information of problem as vaccine injection, make ant have the ability of immunity, be intended to use for reference the strong point of other bionic Algorithm, utilize its advantage to remedy the deficiency of ant group algorithm, thereby improve the performance of finding the solution of ant group algorithm.These immune optimization algorithms have absorbed immune different characteristics respectively, and the algorithm behind feasible the optimization is compared to traditional evolution algorithm, at different aspect improvement has in various degree been arranged.For example, introduce the diversity that immune self-regulatory mechanism can keep population, loss and the premature convergence of avoiding outstanding gene are in locally optimal solution; Introduce vaccine inoculation mechanism and can make full use of the priori experience that has accumulated in the particular problem, make problem possess rational guidance quality, help the pilot model fast-ripenin in some key component; The memory mechanism of introducing immune antiboidy then makes algorithm have learning ability to a certain degree; Automatically store outstanding antibody, when identical or similar antigen was invaded once more, system can be through selectivity clone, the existing memory antibody of variation; Find out corresponding optimum solution rapidly; Dwindled the hunting zone, improved the reaction velocity of system, and this effect is tangible further along with the increase of working experience.Concrete implementation algorithm is as shown in Figure 2.The power supply optimizer of using this algorithm carries out dual tracking to cell panel: on the one hand, they follow the tracks of best local MPP; On the other hand, they are different output voltage/electric current with input voltage/current conversion, transmit with the energy in the raising system to greatest extent.The power supply optimizer interconnects with indirect mode.They have cognitive and organizational capacity voluntarily, can detect own electric current and voltage environment and adjustment voluntarily, reach optimum value up to the whole cell panel of going here and there, and the while reaches the local optimum point in the cell panel rank.
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| CN104635834A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-20 | 华北电力大学 | Experimental device and method for tracking photovoltaic maximum power based on immune genetic algorithm |
| CN104793691A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-22 | 南昌大学 | Photovoltaic array whole situation MPPT method based on ant colony algorithm under partial shadow |
| CN105373183A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-03-02 | 同济大学 | Method for tracking whole-situation maximum power point in photovoltaic array |
| CN105955394A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-09-21 | 华北水利水电大学 | MPPT method of photovoltaic system based on ant colony optimization and variable step size disturbance observation algorithms |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104635834A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-20 | 华北电力大学 | Experimental device and method for tracking photovoltaic maximum power based on immune genetic algorithm |
| CN104635834B (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2017-07-07 | 华北电力大学 | The experimental provision and method of the photovoltaic maximal power tracing based on immune genetic algorithm |
| CN104793691A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-22 | 南昌大学 | Photovoltaic array whole situation MPPT method based on ant colony algorithm under partial shadow |
| CN104793691B (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-06-15 | 南昌大学 | A kind of photovoltaic array under local shadow based on ant group algorithm overall situation MPPT method |
| CN105373183A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-03-02 | 同济大学 | Method for tracking whole-situation maximum power point in photovoltaic array |
| CN105955394A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-09-21 | 华北水利水电大学 | MPPT method of photovoltaic system based on ant colony optimization and variable step size disturbance observation algorithms |
| CN105955394B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-09-15 | 华北水利水电大学 | The photovoltaic system MPPT methods of observation algorithm are disturbed based on ant group optimization and variable step |
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Application publication date: 20120829 |