CN102650467A - Single-effect mixed heat pump unit and double-effect mixed heat pump unit - Google Patents
Single-effect mixed heat pump unit and double-effect mixed heat pump unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN102650467A CN102650467A CN2012101245238A CN201210124523A CN102650467A CN 102650467 A CN102650467 A CN 102650467A CN 2012101245238 A CN2012101245238 A CN 2012101245238A CN 201210124523 A CN201210124523 A CN 201210124523A CN 102650467 A CN102650467 A CN 102650467A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-effect mixed heat pump unit and a double-effect mixed heat pump unit. The single-effect mixed heat pump unit comprises a lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit, a steam compressor and a mixed/absorption heat pump function switching valve group, wherein the lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit comprises a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a solution heat exchanger and a generator which are connected by a pipeline to form a circulation loop. The single-effect mixed heat pump unit is an environment-friendly, high-temperature and high-efficiency novel heat pump unit which is jointly driven by heat energy and electric energy and integrates an absorption mode and a compression mode; waste heat is absorbed by the evaporator, a driving heat source is introduced into the generator to thermally compress steam, and the steam is further compressed mechanically, so as to achieve the aims that the absorber produces a medium temperature heat source and the condenser produces a high temperature heat source; and as the high temperature heat source is added, the single-effect mixed heat pump unit has higher heating efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heating equipment field of heating or technology field, be a kind of be working medium with the lithium-bromide solution, by heat energy and electric energy driven in common, the absorption single-action heat pump unit that combines with compression and economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit.This source pump evaporimeter absorb waste heat, generator feed driving heat source carry out the hot compression of water vapour and further it is carried out mechanical compress through vapour compression machine, realize absorber produce in warm source and condenser produce the target of high temperature heat source.
Background technology
The source pump of main flow has two kinds in the market: a kind of is the lithium bromide absorption type heat pump unit that drives with heat energy, and another kind is the compression type heat pump assembly that drives with electric energy.
The lithium bromide absorption type heat pump unit is to be that cold-producing medium, lithium-bromide solution are absorbent, adopt high temperature heat source (comprising steam, hot water, flue gas etc.) to drive with water; Mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump assembly basic structure is shown in Figure 3, comprises condenser (16), absorber (17), evaporimeter (18), generator (19), cryogenic fluid pump (20), solution pump (21), solution heat exchanger (22).Wherein: evaporimeter (18) and absorber (17) are mounted in two phase-change heat-exchangers that are interconnected that are separated by liquid barrier in the same cylindrical shell.Wherein, water as refrigerant low boiling in evaporimeter (18) cylindrical shell of high vacuum vaporize that the heat that absorbs remaining hot water in the heat-transfer pipe, generator (19) feed that driving heat source (comprising steam, high-temperature-hot-water, high-temperature flue gas etc.) is carried out hot compression to refrigerant vapour, the target in warm source in realize absorber (17) and condenser (16) the heat release generation.The lithium bromide absorption type heat pump unit adopt water as cold-producing medium, (these freon refrigerants are all causing negative influence to the greenhouse effects of the atmospheric ozone layer or the earth in varying degrees to have the advantage of environmental protection more than the electric drive compression formula source pump that adopts freon refrigerants such as R22, R134a; Do not have a kind of absolute environmental protection, can only as some transition refrigerants, can not be as the refrigerant of permanent environmental protection); Simultaneously; This unit adopts heat energy to drive, save power consumption; Unit heating capacity big (be twice than compression heat pump above) and intensification amplitude higher (high more than 20 ℃ under the same waste heat source temperature situation) than compression type heat pump assembly intensification amplitude, existing a spot of application in the concentrated supply of heating in the city field of reclaiming the circulating-water in thermal power plant waste heat.But also there is significant disadvantages in this unit: heat temperature except that the grade restriction that receives thermal source (if adopt steam driven, steam pressure is not less than 0.2MPa usually) and also receive the restriction (application generally is not less than 30 ℃ in the central heating field) of waste heat source temperature.This just big limitations the application of this heat pump in the central heating field.Because in view of demand, temperature is low, needs are supplied the hot net water of higher temperature more; But from the performance of heat pump, temperature is low, and the temperature of remaining hot water is low more; The heat supply temperature of heat pump is low more, and this is a pair of contradiction, and the very low period of this unit temperature in 1 year can't be satisfied heat supply network heat supply requirement; If will force to heighten the temperature of remaining hot water, certainly will influence the generating capacity of unit, lose more than gain.
With the electricity is the compression handpiece Water Chilling Units of drive energy, and its basic structure is as shown in Figure 4, comprising: evaporimeter (23), compressor (24), condenser (25), expansion valve (26).Gasify in evaporimeter (23) cylindrical shell through refrigerant and to absorb the heat of remaining hot water mobile in the copper pipe; Through compressor (24) refrigerant steam is carried out mechanical compress, in the higher condenser of pressure (25), carry out the heating or the Process heat water of condensation heat release, acquisition higher temperature; The advantage that this unit has is simple in structure, coefficient of refrigerating performance is higher (the COP value can reach about 5) is widely used in and heats the area that temperature requirement is not high, carry out dispersed supply of heating.But, can cause the refrigerant that does not meet environmental requirement of negative effect to the greenhouse effects of the atmospheric ozone layer or the earth because freon such as the R22 that adopts, R134a are made refrigerant; Unit is big with electric energy driving, power consumption; The heat capacity of unit is little, little with respect to the temperature rise in waste heat source, can't be used to have the central heating field of circulating-water in thermal power plant.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: the weak point that overcomes two kinds of source pump in the prior art; A kind of single-action heat pump unit and economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit are provided, heat energy and the environmental protection that combines with the compression electric energy driven in common, absorption, high temperature, novel source pump efficiently.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of single-action heat pump unit; Comprise mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump assembly, vapour compression machine and hybrid/absorption type heat pumping function transfer valve group; Described mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump assembly comprises that pipeline connects into the condenser of closed circuit, evaporimeter, absorber, solution heat exchanger and generator; Described condenser is provided with respectively and exports through high-temperature water import and the high-temperature water that pipeline is connected with elevated temperature heat user gateway; Described absorber be provided with respectively with in warm user the gateway middle warm water import and the outlet of middle warm water that are connected through pipeline; Evaporimeter is provided with remaining hot water import and the remaining hot water outlet that is connected through pipeline respectively at waste heat source discrepancy end; Middle warm water outlet on the absorber is leaded up to pipeline and is communicated with the high-temperature water import of condenser, and described generator is provided with respectively and exports through thermal source import and the thermal source that pipeline is connected with the driving heat source gateway; Condensation-water drain on the described condenser is communicated with the water as refrigerant import of evaporimeter through pipeline and choke valve; The water as refrigerant import of described evaporimeter is furnished with the water as refrigerant nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The water as refrigerant outlet of described evaporimeter is communicated with the secondary water as refrigerant import of evaporimeter with cryogenic fluid pump through pipeline; The import of described secondary water as refrigerant is furnished with secondary water as refrigerant nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The lower end of absorber is provided with the weak solution outlet; The weak solution outlet of absorber is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of solution heat exchanger through pipeline and solution pump, and the weak solution outlet of solution heat exchanger is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of generator through pipeline, and the concentrated solution outlet of generator is communicated with the concentrated solution import of solution heat exchanger through pipeline; The concentrated solution outlet of solution heat exchanger is communicated with the concentrated solution import of absorber through pipeline, and the concentrated solution import of described absorber is furnished with the concentrated solution nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; Described generator top has the refrigerant vapour outlet; Described refrigerant vapour outlet is connected with the import of vapour compression machine through pipeline; The outlet of vapour compression machine is communicated with the refrigerant vapour import of condenser through pipeline; The outlet of the water as refrigerant of described condenser be divided into two-way, wherein lead up to pipeline and evaporimeter coagulate that water inlet is communicated with, another road is passed through pipeline and is communicated with the import of vapour compression machine, the water as refrigerant of condenser export and the import of vapour compression machine between pipeline be provided with control valve; Described hybrid/absorption type heat pumping function transfer valve group comprise be arranged on the absorber on the warm water export pipeline middle warm water's outlet valve, be arranged on the high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve on the high-temperature water inlet ductwork on the condenser and be arranged on the pipeline between warm water outlet and the high-temperature water import in/the high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve.
Further; Described absorber and evaporimeter are mounted in the phase-change heat-exchanger that is interconnected that is separated by liquid barrier in the same cylindrical shell; Described evaporimeter is a kind of phase-change heat-exchanger that relies on the low boiling vaporization under high vacuum state of the outer water of heat exchanger tube, absorbs the heat of remaining hot water in the heat-transfer pipe, mainly comprises cylindrical shell, heat exchanger tube, gripper shoe, water pond, coagulates water pipe, cryogenic fluid pump, coagulates (operating) water nozzle and outer insulation.Absorber is a kind of phase-change heat-exchanger that utilizes concentrated solution absorption refrigerant vapour, emits warm source in absorption heat, the production, comprises that mainly cylindrical shell, heat exchanger tube, gripper shoe, liquid capsule, concentrated solution nozzle are incubated outside reaching.Generator is a high temperature driven thermal source heat dilute solution, with weak solution simmer down to concentrated solution and isolate the phase-change heat-exchanger of water vapour.Mainly comprise cylindrical shell, heat exchanger tube, gripper shoe, drum and outer insulation.
Warm water's outlet valve in described, in/high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve and high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve are magnetic valve, be used for hybridly switching with the absorption type heat pumping function; Control valve is an electric control valve, is used to control the vapour compression machine intake air temperature, under the situation that guarantees safety, increases the vapour compression machine mass flow; Choke valve is an electric expansion valve, is used for the decompression of the water as refrigerant of condenser generation.In the middle of the unlatching of warm water's outlet valve and high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve, in/the high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve closes, vapour compression machine work, control valve is transferred to suitable aperture and is the heat pump function; In the middle of warm water's outlet valve with the high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve is closed, in/high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve unlatching, vapour compression machine is not worked, control valve is transferred to minimum aperture and is absorption formula heat pump functional.
Described vapour compression machine is a kind of water vapor pressure, temperature increase equipment, selects roots blower compressor or Steam Compressor usually for use.
A kind of economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit; Comprise double-effect lithium bromide absorption type source pump and vapour compression machine; Described double-effect lithium bromide absorption type source pump comprises that pipeline connects into the condenser of closed circuit, evaporimeter, absorber, pyrosol heat exchanger, cryogenic fluid heat exchanger, high pressure generator and low pressure generator; Described condenser is provided with respectively and exports through high-temperature water import and the high-temperature water that pipeline is connected with elevated temperature heat user gateway; Described absorber be provided with respectively with in warm user the gateway middle warm water import and the outlet of middle warm water that are connected through pipeline; Evaporimeter is provided with remaining hot water import and the remaining hot water outlet that is connected through pipeline respectively at waste heat source discrepancy end, and described high pressure generator is provided with respectively and exports through thermal source import and the thermal source that pipeline is connected with the driving heat source gateway; Condensation-water drain on the described condenser is communicated with the water as refrigerant import of evaporimeter with choke valve through pipeline; The water as refrigerant import of described evaporimeter is furnished with the water as refrigerant nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The water as refrigerant outlet of described evaporimeter is communicated with the secondary water as refrigerant import of evaporimeter with cryogenic fluid pump through pipeline; The import of described secondary water as refrigerant is furnished with secondary water as refrigerant nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The lower end of described absorber is provided with the weak solution outlet; The weak solution outlet of described absorber is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger through pipeline and solution pump; The weak solution outlet of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of pyrosol heat exchanger through pipeline, and the weak solution outlet of pyrosol heat exchanger is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of high pressure generator through pipeline; The outlet of the concentrated solution of described cryogenic fluid heat exchanger is communicated with concentrated solution import on the absorber through pipeline, and the concentrated solution import of described absorber is furnished with the concentrated solution nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The refrigerant vapour outlet at described high pressure generator top is communicated with a refrigerant vapour import of low pressure generator through pipeline; The primary steam at low pressure generator middle part coagulates that water out is divided into two-way, wherein leading up to pipeline coagulates with the primary steam of condenser that water inlet is communicated with, pipeline is passed through on another road and control valve is communicated with the vapour compression machine import; The secondary refrigerant vapour outlet at low pressure generator top is communicated with the import of vapour compression machine through pipeline; The concentrated solution outlet of low pressure generator is communicated with the concentrated solution import of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger through pipeline; The consistency taphole of high pressure generator is communicated with the consistency solution inlet port of pyrosol heat exchanger through pipeline, and the consistency outlet of pyrosol heat exchanger is communicated with the consistency solution inlet port of low pressure generator through pipeline.
Further; Described absorber and evaporimeter are mounted in the phase-change heat-exchanger that is interconnected that is separated by liquid barrier in the same cylindrical shell; Described evaporimeter is a kind of phase-change heat-exchanger that relies on the low boiling vaporization under high vacuum state of the outer water of heat exchanger tube, absorbs the heat of remaining hot water in the heat-transfer pipe, mainly comprises cylindrical shell, heat exchanger tube, gripper shoe, water pond, coagulates water pipe, cryogenic fluid pump, coagulates (operating) water nozzle and outer insulation.
Absorber is a kind of phase-change heat-exchanger that utilizes concentrated solution absorption refrigerant vapour, emits warm source in absorption heat, the production, comprises that mainly cylindrical shell, heat exchanger tube, gripper shoe, liquid capsule, concentrated solution nozzle are incubated outside reaching.
High pressure generator is a high temperature driven thermal source heat dilute solution, with weak solution simmer down to consistency solution and isolate the phase-change heat-exchanger of water vapour, mainly comprise cylindrical shell, heat exchanger tube, gripper shoe, drum and outer insulation.
Low pressure generator is with high pressure generator isolated refrigerant vapour heating intermediate solution from weak solution; With intermediate solution simmer down to concentrated solution and isolate the phase-change heat-exchanger of secondary refrigerant vapour, mainly comprise cylindrical shell, heat exchanger tube, gripper shoe and outer insulation.
Control valve is an electric control valve, is used to control the vapour compression machine intake air temperature, under the situation that guarantees safety, increases the vapour compression machine mass flow; Choke valve is an electric expansion valve, is used for the decompression of the water as refrigerant of condenser generation.
Described vapour compression machine is a kind of water vapor pressure, temperature increase equipment, roots blower compressor or Steam Compressor.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows; Single-action heat pump unit of the present invention is on common mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump foundation, to set up vapour compression machine; This unit absorbs water vapour that waste heat, evaporimeter gasification produce through the gasification of the water as refrigerant of self cooling condenser in the future in evaporimeter and is absorbed in the device bromize lithium concentrated solution earlier and absorbs (absorption process is an exothermic process) and be compressed to suitable pressure by solution pump again and get into generator and discharged (hot compression that this process is equivalent to water vapour) by extraneous driving heat source heating; When the mechanical compress process through vapour compression machine is promoted to the higher position with the temperature and pressure of water vapour more on this basis in the condenser condenses heat release, thereby realize from absorber produces warm source and produce high temperature heat source from condenser.
The absorption heat pump that this unit is compared warm source (the highest temperature that heats generally is no more than 90 ℃) in only the producing that heat energy on the market drives increased a high temperature heat source (high temperature heat source can be in warm source high more than 50 ℃, the highest temperature that heats can be above 140 ℃); Adaptability to the low temperature exhaust heat source stronger (temperature that satisfies the required waste heat source of central heating temperature is minimum to reach 10 ℃, and the waste heat source temperature that absorption heat pump needs generally is not less than 30 ℃); (satisfy the minimum 0.1Mpa of reaching of pressure of the required driving heat source steam of central heating temperature to the taste requirement of thermal source is lower; And being used for the waste heat source temperature of central heating field needs, absorption heat pump generally is not less than 0.4Mpa); This explanation single-action heat pump unit adaptability of condition to external world is stronger, especially requires when very high advantage more obvious at the very low and heat supply temperature of remaining hot water temperature in season in severe winter.
Economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit of the present invention is on common mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump foundation, to set up low pressure generator, cryogenic fluid heat exchanger, vapour compression machine, choke valve and control valve.This unit absorbs water vapour that waste heat, evaporimeter gasification produce through the gasification of the water as refrigerant of self cooling condenser in the future in evaporimeter and is absorbed in the device bromize lithium concentrated solution earlier and absorbs (absorption process is an exothermic process) and be compressed to by solution pump that suitable pressure gets into height/low pressure generator again and discharged by extraneous driving heat source heating that (driving heat source of low pressure generator derives from a refrigerant vapour of high pressure generator; This process is equivalent to the hot compression to water vapour); When the mechanical compress process through vapour compression machine is promoted to the higher position with the temperature and pressure of water vapour more on this basis in the condenser condenses heat release, thereby realize from absorber produces warm source and produce high temperature heat source from condenser.
The double effect absorption type heat pump that this unit is compared warm source in only the producing that heat energy on the market drives has increased a high temperature heat source (high temperature heat source can be in warm source high more than 30 ℃); Efficient higher (because the refrigerant vapour of high pressure generator is used for the steam generation of low pressure generator once more, heating efficiency is high more than 35% than the single-effective absorption heat pump), this is favourable to utilizing waste heat, energy-saving and emission-reduction work in a large number.
(the employing lithium-bromide solution is a working medium than the more environmental protection of compression heat pump that on the market with freon is working medium for single-action heat pump unit of the present invention and economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit; Water is cold-producing medium), more economize on electricity (adopt heat energy to drive to be main, power consumption seldom), export more high temperature (mean height is more than 50 ℃) thermal source; The heating capacity of unit bigger (the maximum heating capacity of unit can reach 2,000 ten thousand kilocalories/hour, high more than 1 times than compression heat pump).
Analyze in view of the above and can know, it is that the waste heat of the main flow of typical application heats product that single-action heat pump unit of the present invention and economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit will become with the central heating field.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the most preferred embodiment of single-action heat pump unit of the present invention;
Among the figure: 1. condenser, 2. absorber, 3. evaporimeter, 4. generator, 5. vapour compression machine; 6. cryogenic fluid pump, 7. solution pump, 8. solution heat exchanger, 9. control valve; 10. middle warm water's outlet valve, in 11./the high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve, 12. high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valves, 15. choke valves.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the most preferred embodiment of economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit of the present invention;
Among the figure: 1. condenser, 2. absorber, 3. evaporimeter, 4 '. high pressure generator, 5. vapour compression machine; 6. cryogenic fluid pump, 7. solution pump, 8 '. pyrosol heat exchanger, 9. control valve; 10. middle warm water's outlet valve, 13. low pressure generators, 14. cryogenic fluid heat exchangers, 15. choke valves.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump assembly in the prior art;
Among the figure: 16. condensers, 17. absorbers, 18. evaporimeters, 19. generators, 20. cryogenic fluid pumps, 21. solution pumps, 22. solution heat exchangers.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of compression type heat pumping system in the prior art;
Among the figure: 23. evaporimeters, 24. compressors, 25. condensers, 26. expansion valves.
The specific embodiment
Combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is done further detailed explanation now.These accompanying drawings are the sketch map of simplification, basic structure of the present invention only is described in a schematic way, so it only show the formation relevant with the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1; The most preferred embodiment of single-action heat pump unit of the present invention; Comprise mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump assembly, vapour compression machine 5 and hybrid/absorption type heat pumping function transfer valve group; Mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump assembly comprises that pipeline connects into the condenser 1 of closed circuit, evaporimeter 3, absorber 2, solution heat exchanger 8 and generator 4; Condenser 1 is provided with respectively and exports 1-2 with elevated temperature heat user gateway through high-temperature water import 1-1 and the high-temperature water that pipeline is connected; Absorber 2 be provided with respectively with in warm user the gateway middle warm water import 2-1 and the middle warm water outlet 2-2 that are connected through pipeline; Evaporimeter 3 is provided with respectively at the waste heat source remaining hot water import 3-1 and remaining hot water outlet 3-2 that end is connected through pipeline that come in and go out, and the middle warm water outlet 2-2 on the absorber 2 is leaded up to pipeline and is communicated with the high-temperature water import 1-1 of condenser 1, and generator 4 is provided with respectively and exports 4-2 with the driving heat source gateway through thermal source import 4-1 and the thermal source that pipeline is connected; Condensation-water drain 1-4 on the condenser 1 is communicated with the water as refrigerant import 3-6 of evaporimeter 3 through pipeline and choke valve 15; The water as refrigerant import 3-6 of evaporimeter 3 is furnished with water as refrigerant nozzle 3-7 along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The water as refrigerant outlet 3-4 of evaporimeter 3 is communicated with the secondary water as refrigerant import 3-3 of evaporimeter 3 with cryogenic fluid pump 6 through pipeline; Secondary water as refrigerant import 3-3 is furnished with secondary water as refrigerant nozzle 3-5 along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The lower end of absorber 2 is provided with weak solution outlet 2-4; The weak solution outlet 2-4 of absorber 2 is communicated with the dilute solution inlet 8-1 of solution heat exchanger 8 through pipeline and solution pump 7, and the weak solution outlet 8-2 of solution heat exchanger 8 is communicated with the dilute solution inlet 4-3 of generator 4 through pipeline, and the concentrated solution outlet 4-4 of generator 4 is communicated with the concentrated solution import 8-3 of solution heat exchanger 8 through pipeline; The concentrated solution outlet 8-4 of solution heat exchanger 8 is communicated with the concentrated solution import 2-3 of absorber 2 through pipeline, and the concentrated solution import 2-3 of absorber 2 is furnished with concentrated solution nozzle 2-5 along the heat-transfer pipe direction; Generator 4 tops have refrigerant vapour outlet 4-5; Refrigerant vapour outlet 4-5 is connected through the import of pipeline with vapour compression machine 5; The outlet of vapour compression machine 5 is communicated with the refrigerant vapour import 1-3 of condenser 1 through pipeline; The water as refrigerant of condenser 1 outlet 1-4 be divided into two-way, wherein lead up to pipeline and evaporimeter 3 coagulate that water inlet 3-6 is communicated with, another road is passed through pipeline and is communicated with the import of vapour compression machine 5, the pipeline that the water as refrigerant of condenser 1 exports between the import of 1-4 and vapour compression machine 5 is provided with control valve 9; Hybrid/absorption type heat pumping function transfer valve group comprise be arranged on the absorber 2 on the warm water outlet 2-2 pipeline middle warm water's outlet valve 10, be arranged on the high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve 12 on the high-temperature water import 1-1 pipeline on the condenser 1 and be arranged on the pipeline between warm water outlet 2-2 and the high-temperature water import 1-1 in/high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve 11.
In warm water's outlet valve 10, in/high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve 11 and high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve 12 are magnetic valve, control valve 9 is an electric control valve, choke valve 15 is an electric expansion valve.
The course of work of single-action heat pump unit of the present invention is following:
1) unit starting
During unit starting, earlier with among Fig. 1/high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve 11 is closed, middle warm water's outlet valve 10 and high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve 12 are opened, unit vacuumizes, irritates solution to evaporimeter 3, then cryogenic fluid pump 6 is started; Be that about 50% solution is sent into generator 4 from absorber 2 through solution heat exchanger 8 with concentration, behind the suitable height of heat exchanger tube, the external drive thermal source was started working in liquid level is overflow generator 4; When refrigerant vapour pressure reaches the starting pressure of vapour compression machine 5 in the generator 4, open vapour compression machine 5, simultaneously warm water pump in the start-up system, in warm user's heat supply; When the temperature of condenser 1, start-up system high temperature hot water pump, condenser 1 began the heat supply to the elevated temperature heat user when pressure rose to design load; When water pond water level in the condenser 1 is elevated to more than the condensation-water drain 1-4, open system waste heat water pump, evaporimeter 3 begin to absorb from the waste heat source heat when flowing in the evaporimeter 3 the condensed water nozzle through pipeline, choke valve 15; Regulate control valve 9 simultaneously to suitable aperture, guarantee that vapour compression machine 5 inlet temperatures are not higher than 5 ℃ of saturated vapor temperature under the inlet pressure; , the water level in the evaporimeter 3 starts the secondary cycle evaporation that cryogenic fluid pump 6 carries out water as refrigerant when being higher than the suitable height of water pond.
Annotate: if will switch to the absorption type heat pumping function; Then need with middle warm water's outlet valve 10 close with high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve 12, in/high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve 11 opens; Vapour compression machine 5 is not worked, and control valve 9 is transferred to minimum aperture, and unit starting process and above-mentioned heat pump are similar.
2) unit operation
Outside waste heat source feeds evaporimeter 3 heat-transfer pipes with 30 ℃ of remaining hot waters; Emit the heat water as refrigerant gasification that heat-transfer pipe is outer; Self temperature reduces to 20 ℃, get back to the waste heat source continues heating, and the outer water as refrigerant gasification of heat-transfer pipe is that 15mmHg, temperature are 18 ℃ refrigerant vapour for pressure; From solution heat exchanger 8 concentration be 63%, temperature is that 60 ℃ the concentrated solution nozzle 2-5 of concentrated solution through absorber 2 sprays on the heat-transfer pipe, absorbs the refrigerant vapour of evaporimeter 3; Self become concentration and be 59%, temperature is that 55 ℃ solution gets into absorber liquid capsule, absorption process in heat-transfer pipe liberated heat as in warm source will from 43 ℃ of warm users' hot water be heated to 53 ℃; Absorber 2 outlet 2-4 concentration are 59%, temperature is that 55 ℃ solution gets into solution heat exchangers 8 through pipeline, solution pump 7; Be 63% with concentration from generator 4, temperature is that 148 ℃ of concentrated solutions are carried out heat exchange; Become 140 ℃ of entering generators 4 through heat exchange weak solution temperature, the concentrated solution temperature becomes 60 ℃ of entering absorbers 2; External heat source in generator 4 (pressure power here is the saturated vapor of 0.5Mpa) heats to weak solution through heat-transfer pipe, is that 140 ℃, concentration are that 59% weak solution heating simmer down to temperature is that 148 ℃, concentration are that to isolate temperature simultaneously be that 148 ℃, pressure are the refrigerant vapour of 420mmHg for 63% concentrated solution with temperature; This refrigerant vapour is coagulated water through coagulating the heat absorption of (operating) water nozzle shwoot from the part of condenser 1; After reducing to 85 ℃, temperature gets into vapour compression machine 5 compressions; Becoming pressure is that 1100mmHg, temperature are 150 ℃ high temperature, high pressure refrigerant vapour entering condenser 1; Refrigerant vapour is 112 ℃ a condensed water in the heat-transfer pipe condensed exterior in condenser 1, and simultaneously, liberated heat serves as high temperature heat source, will be heated to be 110 ℃ from 102 ℃ of elevated temperature heat users' hot water; Generators 4 steam outlet pipe road shwoots are, most condensed water gets into evaporimeter 3 boiling heat absorptions through choke valve 15, pipeline except that a small amount of water as refrigerant gets into through choke valve 15, control valve 9, and the water as refrigerant continuation that not have vaporize circulates through cryogenic fluid pump 6 and carries out secondary and seethe with excitement.Go round and begin again, accomplish heating circulation.
Shown in Figure 2; The most preferred embodiment of economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit of the present invention; Comprise double-effect lithium bromide absorption type source pump and vapour compression machine 5; The double-effect lithium bromide absorption type source pump comprises that pipeline connects into the condenser 1 of closed circuit, evaporimeter 3, absorber 2, pyrosol heat exchanger 8 ', cryogenic fluid heat exchanger 14, high pressure generator 4 ' and low pressure generator 13; Condenser 1 is provided with respectively and exports 1-2 with elevated temperature heat user gateway through high-temperature water import 1-1 and the high-temperature water that pipeline is connected; Absorber 2 be provided with respectively with in warm user the gateway middle warm water import 2-1 and the middle warm water outlet 2-2 that are connected through pipeline; Evaporimeter 3 is provided with remaining hot water import 3-1 and the remaining hot water outlet 3-2 that is connected through pipeline respectively at waste heat source discrepancy end, and high pressure generator 4 ' is provided with respectively and exports 4 '-2 through the thermal source import 4 '-1 that pipeline is connected with thermal source with the driving heat source gateway; Condensation-water drain 1-4 on the condenser 1 is communicated with the water as refrigerant import 3-6 of evaporimeter 3 with choke valve 15 through pipeline; The water as refrigerant import 3-6 of evaporimeter 3 is furnished with water as refrigerant nozzle 3-7 along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The water as refrigerant outlet 3-4 of evaporimeter 3 is communicated with the secondary water as refrigerant import 3-3 of evaporimeter 3 with cryogenic fluid pump 6 through pipeline; The secondary water as refrigerant import 3-3 of evaporimeter 3 is furnished with secondary water as refrigerant nozzle 3-5 along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The lower end of absorber 2 is provided with weak solution outlet 2-4; The weak solution outlet 2-4 of absorber 2 is communicated with the dilute solution inlet 14-1 of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger 14 through pipeline and solution pump 7; The weak solution outlet 14-2 of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger 14 is communicated with the dilute solution inlet 8 '-1 of pyrosol heat exchanger 8 ' through pipeline; The outlet 8 '-2 of the weak solution of pyrosol heat exchanger 8 ' is communicated with the dilute solution inlet 4 '-3 of high pressure generator 4 ' through pipeline, and the concentrated solution of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger 14 exports 14-4 to be passed through pipeline and be communicated with concentrated solution import 2-3 on the absorber 2, and the concentrated solution import 2-3 of absorber 2 is furnished with concentrated solution nozzle 2-5 along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The refrigerant vapour outlet 4-5 at high pressure generator 4 ' top is communicated with a refrigerant vapour import 13-3 of low pressure generator 13 through pipeline; The primary steam at low pressure generator 13 middle parts coagulates that water out 13-4 is divided into two-way, wherein leading up to pipeline and the primary steam of condenser 1 coagulates that water inlet 1-5 is communicated with, another road is communicated with vapour compression machine 5 imports through pipeline and control valve 9; The secondary refrigerant vapour outlet 13-5 at low pressure generator 13 tops is communicated with the import of vapour compression machine 5 through pipeline; The concentrated solution outlet 13-2 of low pressure generator 13 is communicated with the concentrated solution import 14-3 of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger 14 through pipeline; The consistency taphole 4 '-4 of high pressure generator 4 ' is communicated with the consistency solution inlet port 8 '-3 of pyrosol heat exchanger 8 ' through pipeline, and the consistency outlet 8 '-4 of pyrosol heat exchanger 8 ' is communicated with the consistency solution inlet port 13-1 of low pressure generator 13 through pipeline.
The course of work of economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit of the present invention is following:
1) unit starting
During unit starting; Earlier evaporimeter 3 is vacuumized, irritates solution; Then cryogenic fluid pump 6 is started; Be that about 50% solution is sent into high pressure generator 4 ' and low pressure generator 13 from absorber 2 through cryogenic fluid heat exchanger 14, pyrosol heat exchanger 8 ' with concentration, after liquid level was overflow the suitable height of high pressure generator 4 ' heat exchanger tube, the external drive thermal source was started working; Consistency solution after a period of time just has the refrigerant vapour heating of high pressure generator 4 ' to concentrate low pressure generator 13 is isolated the secondary refrigerant vapour simultaneously, when secondary cryogen refrigerant vapour pressure reaches the starting pressure of vapour compression machine 5, open vapour compression machine 5, simultaneously warm water pump in the start-up system, in warm user's heat supply; When the temperature of condenser 1, start-up system high temperature hot water pump, condenser 1 began the heat supply to the elevated temperature heat user when pressure rose to design load; Open system waste heat water pump, evaporimeter 3 begin the absorption heat from the waste heat source more than water pond water level in the condenser 1 is elevated to condensed water delivery port 1-4, when flowing to evaporimeter 3 condensed water nozzles through pipeline, choke valve 15; Regulate control valve 9 simultaneously to suitable aperture, guarantee that compressor 5 inlet temperatures are not higher than 5 ℃ of saturated vapor temperature under the inlet pressure; , evaporimeter 3 water levels start the secondary cycle evaporation that cryogenic fluid pump 6 carries out water as refrigerant when being higher than the suitable height of water pond.
2) unit operation
Outside waste heat source feeds evaporimeter 3 heat-transfer pipes with 30 ℃ of remaining hot waters; Emit the heat water as refrigerant gasification that heat-transfer pipe is outer; Self temperature reduces to 20 ℃, get back to the waste heat source continues heating, and the outer water as refrigerant gasification of heat-transfer pipe is that 15mmHg, temperature are 18 ℃ refrigerant vapour for pressure; From cryogenic fluid heat exchanger 14 concentration be 63%, temperature is that 60 ℃ the concentrated solution nozzle 2-5 of concentrated solution through absorber 2 sprays on the heat-transfer pipe, absorbs the refrigerant vapour of evaporimeter 3; Self become concentration and be 59%, temperature is the liquid capsule that 55 ℃ solution gets into absorber 2, absorption process in heat-transfer pipe liberated heat as in warm source will from 43 ℃ of warm users' hot water be heated to 53 ℃; Absorber 2 outlet 2-4 concentration are 59%, temperature is that 55 ℃ solution gets into cryogenic fluid heat exchangers 14 through pipeline, solution pump 7; With the concentration from low pressure generator 13 be that 63% temperature is that 89 ℃ of concentrated solutions are carried out heat exchange; Become 80 ℃ through heat exchange weak solution temperature and get into pyrosol heat exchanger 8 ', the concentrated solution temperature becomes 60 ℃ of entering absorbers 2; In pyrosol heat exchanger 8 '; 80 ℃ weak solution with from the concentration of high pressure generator 4 ' be 61%, temperature is that 148 ℃ consistency solution carries out heat exchange, it is that 140 ℃ of entering high pressure generators 4 ', consistency solution temperature become 85 ℃ of entering low pressure generators 13 that the weak solution temperature raises; Heating to weak solution through heat-transfer pipe at high pressure generator 4 ' inside and outside thermal source (pressure power here is the saturated vapor of 0.5Mpa), is that 140 ℃, concentration are that 59% weak solution heating simmer down to temperature is that 148 ℃, concentration be that 61% consistency solution gets into high-temperature heat exchanger 8 ', isolates temperature simultaneously are that 148 ℃, pressure are that the refrigerant vapour of 550mmHg gets into low pressure generator 13 with temperature; In low pressure generator 13 heat-transfer pipes temperature be 148 ℃, pressure be 550mmHg refrigerant vapour as secondary heat source with concentration be 61%, temperature is that 85 ℃ consistency solution heating simmer down to concentration is 63%, temperature is that 89 ℃ concentrated solution gets into low temperature heat exchanger 14; The secondary refrigerant vapour of isolating temperature simultaneously and be 89 ℃, pressure and be 45mmHg gets into vapour compression machine 5, and the secondary refrigerant vapour self becomes 91 ℃ the water that coagulates and gets into condenser 1; Part secondary refrigerant vapour coagulates that water gets into vapour compression machine 5 air inlet pipe shwoots through control valve 9 and mixes with secondary refrigerant vapour from low pressure generator 13 that to become pressure be that 45mmHg, temperature are 36 ℃ saturated vapor entering vapour compression machine 5; Becoming pressure through compression secondary refrigerant vapour is that 525mmHg, temperature are 120 ℃ HTHP refrigerant vapour entering condenser 1 condensation; Refrigerant vapour is 90 ℃ a condensed water in the heat-transfer pipe condensed exterior in condenser 1, and simultaneously, liberated heat serves as high temperature heat source, will be heated to be 88 ℃ from 72 ℃ of elevated temperature heat users' hot water; Condensed water gets into evaporimeter 3 boiling heat absorptions through pipeline, choke valve 15, and the water as refrigerant that does not have to have vaporized continues through the boiling of cryogenic fluid pump 6 circulations carrying out secondary.Go round and begin again, accomplish heating circulation.
With above-mentioned foundation desirable embodiment of the present invention is enlightenment, and through above-mentioned description, the related work personnel can carry out various change and modification fully in the scope that does not depart from this invention technological thought.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on the specification, must confirm its technical scope according to the claim scope.
Claims (8)
1. single-action heat pump unit is characterized in that: comprise mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump assembly, vapour compression machine (5) and hybrid/absorption type heat pumping function transfer valve group,
Described mono-potency lithium bromide absorption type heat pump assembly comprises that pipeline connects into the condenser of closed circuit (1), evaporimeter (3), absorber (2), solution heat exchanger (8) and generator (4); Described condenser (1) is provided with respectively and exports through high-temperature water import and the high-temperature water that pipeline is connected with elevated temperature heat user gateway; Described absorber (2) be provided with respectively with in warm user the gateway middle warm water import and the outlet of middle warm water that are connected through pipeline; Evaporimeter (3) is provided with remaining hot water import and the remaining hot water outlet that is connected through pipeline respectively at waste heat source discrepancy end; Middle warm water outlet on the absorber (2) is leaded up to pipeline and is communicated with the high-temperature water import of condenser (1), and described generator (4) is provided with respectively and exports through thermal source import and the thermal source that pipeline is connected with the driving heat source gateway;
Condensation-water drain on the described condenser (1) is communicated with the water as refrigerant import of evaporimeter (3) through pipeline and choke valve (15); The water as refrigerant import of described evaporimeter (3) is furnished with the water as refrigerant nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The water as refrigerant outlet of described evaporimeter (3) is communicated with the secondary water as refrigerant import of evaporimeter (3) with cryogenic fluid pump (6) through pipeline; The import of described secondary water as refrigerant is furnished with secondary water as refrigerant nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The lower end of absorber (2) is provided with the weak solution outlet; The weak solution outlet of absorber (2) is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of solution heat exchanger (8) through pipeline and solution pump (7); The weak solution outlet of solution heat exchanger (8) is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of generator (4) through pipeline; The concentrated solution outlet of generator (4) is communicated with the concentrated solution import of solution heat exchanger (8) through pipeline, and the concentrated solution outlet of solution heat exchanger (8) is communicated with the concentrated solution import of absorber (2) through pipeline, and the concentrated solution import of described absorber (2) is furnished with the concentrated solution nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction;
Described generator (4) top has the refrigerant vapour outlet; Described refrigerant vapour outlet is connected through the import of pipeline with vapour compression machine (5); The outlet of vapour compression machine (5) is communicated with the refrigerant vapour import of condenser (1) through pipeline; The outlet of the water as refrigerant of described condenser (1) be divided into two-way, wherein lead up to pipeline and evaporimeter (3) coagulate that water inlet is communicated with, another road is passed through pipeline and is communicated with the import of vapour compression machine (5), the water as refrigerant of condenser (1) export and the import of vapour compression machine (5) between pipeline be provided with control valve (9);
Described hybrid/absorption type heat pumping function transfer valve group comprises the middle warm water's outlet valve (10) on the warm water export pipeline during being arranged on absorber (2) goes up, be arranged on condenser (1) go up the high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve (12) on the high-temperature water inlet ductwork and be arranged on the pipeline between warm water outlet and the high-temperature water import in/high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve (11).
2. single-action heat pump unit as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: described absorber (2) and evaporimeter (3) are mounted in the phase-change heat-exchanger that is interconnected that is separated by liquid barrier in the same cylindrical shell; Described evaporimeter (3) is a kind of phase-change heat-exchanger that relies on the low boiling vaporization under high vacuum state of the outer water of heat exchanger tube, absorbs the heat of remaining hot water in the heat-transfer pipe; Absorber (2) be a kind of utilize concentrated solution absorb refrigerant vapour, emit absorb heat, produce in the phase-change heat-exchanger in warm source, generator (4) is a high temperature driven thermal source heat dilute solution, with weak solution simmer down to concentrated solution and isolate the phase-change heat-exchanger of water vapour.
3. single-action heat pump unit as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: warm water's outlet valve (10) in described, in/high-temperature-hot-water communicating valve (11) and high-temperature-hot-water water intaking valve (12) are magnetic valve; Control valve (9) is an electric control valve, and choke valve (15) is an electric expansion valve.
4. single-action heat pump unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described vapour compression machine (5) is roots blower compressor or Steam Compressor.
5. economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit is characterized in that: comprise double-effect lithium bromide absorption type source pump and vapour compression machine (5),
Described double-effect lithium bromide absorption type source pump comprises that pipeline connects into the condenser of closed circuit (1), evaporimeter (3), absorber (2), pyrosol heat exchanger (8 '), cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (14), high pressure generator (4 ') and low pressure generator (13)
Described condenser (1) is provided with respectively and exports through high-temperature water import and the high-temperature water that pipeline is connected with elevated temperature heat user gateway; Described absorber (2) be provided with respectively with in warm user the gateway middle warm water import and the outlet of middle warm water that are connected through pipeline; Evaporimeter (3) is provided with remaining hot water import and the remaining hot water outlet that is connected through pipeline respectively at waste heat source discrepancy end, and described high pressure generator (4 ') is provided with respectively and exports through thermal source import and the thermal source that pipeline is connected with the driving heat source gateway;
Condensation-water drain on the described condenser (1) is communicated with the water as refrigerant import of choke valve (15) with evaporimeter (3) through pipeline; The water as refrigerant import of described evaporimeter (3) is furnished with the water as refrigerant nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The water as refrigerant outlet of described evaporimeter (3) is communicated with the secondary water as refrigerant import of evaporimeter (3) with cryogenic fluid pump (6) through pipeline; The secondary water as refrigerant import of described evaporimeter (3) is furnished with secondary water as refrigerant nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction; The lower end of described absorber (2) is provided with the weak solution outlet; The weak solution outlet of described absorber (2) is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (14) through pipeline and solution pump (7); The weak solution outlet of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (14) is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of pyrosol heat exchanger (8 ') through pipeline; The outlet of the weak solution of pyrosol heat exchanger (8 ') is communicated with the dilute solution inlet of high pressure generator (4 ') through pipeline, and the concentrated solution of described cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (14) exports to be passed through pipeline and be communicated with concentrated solution import on the absorber (2), and the concentrated solution import of described absorber (2) is furnished with the concentrated solution nozzle along the heat-transfer pipe direction;
The refrigerant vapour outlet at described high pressure generator (4 ') top is communicated with a refrigerant vapour import of low pressure generator (13) through pipeline; The primary steam at low pressure generator (13) middle part coagulates that water out is divided into two-way, wherein leading up to pipeline coagulates with the primary steam of condenser (1) that water inlet is communicated with, pipeline is passed through on another road and control valve (9) is communicated with vapour compression machine (5) import; The secondary refrigerant vapour outlet at low pressure generator (13) top is communicated with the import of vapour compression machine (5) through pipeline; The concentrated solution outlet of low pressure generator (13) is communicated with the concentrated solution import of cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (14) through pipeline; The consistency taphole of high pressure generator (4 ') is communicated with the consistency solution inlet port of pyrosol heat exchanger (8 ') through pipeline, and the consistency outlet of pyrosol heat exchanger (8 ') is communicated with the consistency solution inlet port of low pressure generator (13) through pipeline.
6. economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: described absorber (2) and evaporimeter (3) are mounted in the phase-change heat-exchanger that is interconnected that is separated by liquid barrier in the same cylindrical shell; Described evaporimeter (3) is a kind of phase-change heat-exchanger that relies on the low boiling vaporization under high vacuum state of the outer water of heat exchanger tube, absorbs the heat of remaining hot water in the heat-transfer pipe; Absorber (2) is a kind of phase-change heat-exchanger that utilizes concentrated solution absorption refrigerant vapour, emits warm source in absorption heat, the production; High pressure generator (4 ') is a high temperature driven thermal source heat dilute solution, with weak solution simmer down to consistency solution and isolate the phase-change heat-exchanger of water vapour; Low pressure generator (13) is with high pressure generator (4 ') isolated refrigerant vapour heating intermediate solution from weak solution, with intermediate solution simmer down to concentrated solution and isolate the phase-change heat-exchanger of secondary refrigerant vapour.
7. economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described control valve (9) is an electric control valve, and choke valve (15) is an electric expansion valve.
8. economic benefits and social benefits heat pump unit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described vapour compression machine (5) is roots blower compressor or Steam Compressor.
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| CN2012101245238A CN102650467A (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2012-04-25 | Single-effect mixed heat pump unit and double-effect mixed heat pump unit |
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| CN105402927A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-16 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | Dual-condition direct-combustion type single-effect lithium bromide absorption heat pump set |
| CN108592444A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-09-28 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of electric heat pump and the compound heat-exchange unit of absorption heat pump |
| CN109612158A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-12 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of compression combined formula high temperature heat pump system of lithium bromide absorption and working method |
| CN109990366A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Heat accumulation couples absorption type heat pump heat distribution system |
| CN110220303A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-09-10 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of low * damage heat exchanger |
| CN113587491A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-02 | 宁波工程学院 | Double-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioning device |
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| CN113587491A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-02 | 宁波工程学院 | Double-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioning device |
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Application publication date: 20120829 |