CN102650208B - Nuclear magnetic resonance logger probe while drilling and nuclear magnetic resonance logger while drilling - Google Patents
Nuclear magnetic resonance logger probe while drilling and nuclear magnetic resonance logger while drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN102650208B CN102650208B CN201210137281.6A CN201210137281A CN102650208B CN 102650208 B CN102650208 B CN 102650208B CN 201210137281 A CN201210137281 A CN 201210137281A CN 102650208 B CN102650208 B CN 102650208B
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Abstract
The invention provides a nuclear magnetic resonance logger probe while drilling and a nuclear magnetic resonance logger while drilling. The nuclear magnetic resonance logger while drilling comprises a probe framework, wherein a slurry pipe penetrates through the center of the probe framework; in the probe framework, a first annular magnet and a second annular magnet are sleeved on the slurry pipe and all axially magnetized, and one ends of the first magnet and the second magnet, which have the same polarity, are correspondingly arranged; an antenna for forming a pulsed magnet field is fixedly embedded at a middle position on the peripheral side wall of the probe framework; and at least one pair of annular focusing magnet is coaxially sleeved on the slurry pipe and between the first magnet and the second magnet, and two focusing magnets which form each pair of focusing magnet are symmetrical to each other by the middle section of the antenna, and are radially magnetized. The nuclear magnetic resonance logger probe while drilling can increase the vertical extension length of a sensitive area, so the measurement signal to noise ratio and the precision of the measurement result are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to NMR Logging Technology, particularly relate to a kind of NMR while drilling instrument probe and NMR while drilling instrument.
Background technology
NMR while drilling instrument utilizes the strata condition around nuclear magnetic resonance principle measurement oil well, thus information relevant to hydrocarbon characteristic in detection stratum, it forms magnetic field mainly through probe and gathers resonance signal, and then according to resonance signal, the tax fluid existed in formation rock hole is analyzed, directly to measure the density of proton in reservoir fluid, and the nuclear magnetic data utilizing NMR signal to obtain directly can be converted to and look water-filled porosity, the correlation properties of the existence of different fluid in reservoir, content and fluid can also be determined.
Wherein, probe is the critical component exciting nmr phenomena and receive NMR signal under Oil/gas Well, and the structure design of probe determines the key performances such as the metering system of logging instrument, the resonance zone producing nuclear magnetic resonance and NMR signal intensity.Probe mainly comprises magnet and antenna, and magnet is used for producing magnetostatic field in the stratum of wellbore, excites with the hydrogen atom in the fluid oil air water in formation; Antenna is used for launching radio-frequency pulse to stratum to form pulsed magnetic field, excited in stratum by this pulsed magnetic field and produced nmr phenomena by the hydrogen atom that described magnetostatic field polarizes, simultaneously also for receiving and gather the NMR signal of the hydrogen atom generation on stratum.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of NMR while drilling instrument probe of the prior art, as shown in Figure 1, this probe mainly comprises: two that are oppositely arranged up and down main magnets 11, be arranged on the antenna 12 between two main magnets 11, and for the probe framework of accommodating and fixing main magnet 11 and antenna 12; Wherein, main magnet 11 is in circular, and the homopolarity of two main magnets 11 is relative.Under this structure, the magnetostatic field B that main magnet 11 is formed
0direction and the pulsed magnetic field B that formed of antenna transmission radio-frequency pulse
1direction probe centre position cross section on orthogonal (B
0perpendicular to B
1one of necessary shooting condition of nuclear magnetic resonance), that is, on stratum to should position be formed annular, the sensitizing range M that can produce nuclear magnetic resonance.
The static magnetic field strength of this probe of prior art is lower, its resonance frequency producing nuclear magnetic resonance is also lower, thus cause signal strength signal intensity not high enough, in addition, because the set-up mode of main magnet and antenna makes sensitizing range M less at the height on vertical, be generally: 20 ~ 25.5mm, and the collection often organizing signal in measuring process needs the measuring period of 3 ~ 5 seconds of experience, and pop one's head in simultaneously and continue to creep into, thus make within this measuring period, the position of sensitizing range M switches too frequent, the signal to noise ratio that result in measurement result is lower, and (research shows, signal to noise ratio is directly proportional to sensitizing range height), affect certainty of measurement.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of NMR while drilling instrument probe for detecting formation rock and fluid information and NMR while drilling instrument, reach the height improving and can produce the sensitizing range of nuclear magnetic resonance, improve signal to noise ratio, thus improve the object of certainty of measurement.
The invention provides a kind of NMR while drilling instrument probe, comprising: the probe framework of column, the central axis of described probe framework is equipped with the mud tube for drilling fluid circulation; In described probe framework and on described mud tube, coaxial sleeve is provided with the first circular main magnet and the second main magnet, described first main magnet and the second main magnet are axial charging, and described first main magnet one end identical with described second main magnet polarity is oppositely arranged; On the peripheral sidewall of described probe framework and the centre position of corresponding described first main magnet and the second main magnet is fixedly embedded with antenna for the formation of pulsed magnetic field; Between described first main magnet and the second main magnet and on described mud tube, coaxial sleeve is provided with the circular focusing magnet of at least one pair of, form two focusing magnets in described often pair of focusing magnet symmetrical about the middle section of described antenna, described focusing magnet is radial magnetizing, and described focusing magnet is relative with described probe framework is fixedly installed.
The present invention also provides a kind of NMR while drilling instrument, comprising: down-hole equipment and aboveground signal handling equipment, is fixedly installed NMR while drilling instrument probe as above in the drill collar of described down-hole equipment.
NMR while drilling instrument probe distribution of static magnetic field provided by the invention, the sensitizing range that can allow to produce nuclear magnetic resonance is significantly increased at vertical development length, when drill bit creeps into, while ensureing that the rotation of probe can not affect measurement; Can also make often to organize in the measuring period of signal in collection, the position switching times of sensitizing range declines, the precision of the noise that improve measurement when measurement result.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of NMR while drilling instrument probe of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of NMR while drilling instrument probe embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the first main magnet or the second main magnet one embodiment in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the first main magnet or second main another embodiment of magnet in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the first main magnet or the another embodiment of the second main magnet in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of focusing magnet embodiment in Fig. 1;
The magnetic field distribution schematic diagram that Fig. 7 is formed for the present invention pops one's head in;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of antenna in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
NMR while drilling instrument may be used for peupendicular hole, slant well, and even in horizontal well, therefore, the drilling direction with the formula of boring NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) logging instrument is the bearing of trend of the central axis of probe framework, i.e. " axis ", but might not be vertical; But for convenience of explanation, in an embodiment, will be that example is set forth for peupendicular hole, that is, " axis " namely refers to vertical in the following embodiments.But the content of the present embodiment is not limitation of the invention.
The present embodiment provides a kind of NMR while drilling instrument probe, as shown in Figure 2, comprising: probe framework 10 that vertically extend, column, and the central axis of probe framework 10 is equipped with the mud tube 101 for drilling fluid circulation; In probe framework 10 and on mud tube 101, coaxial sleeve is provided with circular, measure-alike first main magnet 21 and the second main magnet 22, first main magnet 21 and the second main magnet 22 are axial charging, and the first main magnet 21 one end identical with described second main magnet 22 polarity is oppositely arranged; On the peripheral sidewall of probe framework 10 and the centre position of corresponding first main magnet 21 and the second main magnet 22 is fixedly embedded with antenna 24 for the formation of pulsed magnetic field; Between the first main magnet 21 and the second main magnet 22 and on mud tube 101, coaxial sleeve is provided with the circular focusing magnet 23 of at least one pair of, form two focusing magnets 23 in often pair of focusing magnet symmetrical about the middle section of antenna 24, focusing magnet 23 is radial magnetizing, and focusing magnet 23 is relative with probe framework 10 is fixedly installed.
Particularly, the central axis of columned probe framework 10 can be provided with through hole, this through hole internal fixtion can be embedded the mud tube 101 of a circular tube shaped, upper downward-extension, alternatively, and also can directly as mud tube 101 using this through hole; The first main magnet 22 of main magnet 21, second and focusing magnet 23 can be located at mud tube 101 around by fixed cover, now, the volume of above-mentioned each parts can be greater than in probe framework 10 for the accommodating cavity of the accommodating first main magnet 22 of main magnet 21, second and focusing magnet 23; But when mud tube 101 is the through hole in probe framework 10, the first main magnet 22 of main magnet 21, second and focusing magnet 23 fixedly can be embedded respectively in specific position, now, accommodating cavity for these parts accommodating should match with the volume of each parts, to ensure in drilling process, the relative position of the first main magnet 22 of main magnet 21, second and focusing magnet 23 immobilizes.
Antenna 24 is centered around around focusing magnet, and two focusing magnets 23 in often pair of focusing magnet and the first main magnet and the horizontal middle section of the second main magnet all about antenna 24 symmetrical.First main magnet 21 and the second main magnet 22 are axial charging, that is, the two ends of the first main magnet 21 and the second main magnet 22 are respectively N pole and S pole; Focusing magnet 23 is radial magnetizing, that is, the inner ring surface of focusing magnet 23 can be N pole or S pole, outer ring surface can be S pole or N pole; And when the N pole of the first main magnet 21 and the N pole of the second main magnet 22 are oppositely arranged, the inner ring surface of focusing magnet 23 is S pole, and outer ring surface is N pole; When the S pole of the first main magnet 21 and the S pole of the second main magnet 22 are oppositely arranged, when the S pole of the first main magnet 21 and the S pole of the second main magnet 22 are oppositely arranged, the inner ring surface of focusing magnet 23 is N pole, and outer ring surface is S pole; The static magnetic field strength that first main magnet 21 and the second main magnet 22 are formed can be identical.
Preferably, focusing magnet can be multipair, and such as two is right, and the distance between a pair focusing magnet 23 of the horizontal middle section of antenna 24 can be 2 ~ 5mm; The vertical height of the focusing magnet 23 near the first main magnet 21 and the focusing magnet 23 near the second main pole 22 can be 1/4 ~ 1/2 of a pair focusing magnet 23 of the horizontal middle section near antenna 24; And the diameter of focusing magnet 23 also can be less than or equal to the diameter of the main magnet 22 of the first main magnet 21 or the second, arrange to further facilitate antenna 24.
The setting of main magnet 22 focusing magnet 23 of the first main magnet 21, second in the NMR while drilling instrument probe of the present embodiment, the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of the magnetostatic field produced as shown in Figure 7, the lateral surface Y of probe becomes a gap with the borehole wall J-shaped of peupendicular hole, and the central axis N of probe Y represents the bearing of trend of mud tube 101 simultaneously.As seen from Figure 7, the vertical middle of corresponding probe, magnetic induction intensity vertically extends and is uniformly distributed, thus the sensitizing range M that can form nuclear magnetic resonance is significantly increased (as shown in Figure 2) at vertical development length, particularly, the sensitizing range M of the present embodiment can reach 100 ~ 150mm along the length of drilling direction, is approximately more than 5 times of sensitizing range of the prior art length; In addition, arranging of multipair focusing magnet 23 can also improve static magnetic field strength, thus improves the intensity of collected NMR signal.
In addition, owing to being provided with the focusing magnet 23 of at least one pair of between the first main magnet 21 and the second main magnet 22, therefore, the intensity of the magnetostatic field formed also is improved.Due to, resonance frequency is determined by following formula:
Wherein, γ is gyromagnetic ratio, for proton
f
0for producing the resonance frequency of nuclear magnetic resonance; B
0for the intensity of magnetostatic field.
Visible, in sensitizing range constancy of volume situation, resonance frequency is proportional to the intensity B of magnetostatic field
0, therefore, the NMR while drilling instrument probe that the present embodiment provides has higher resonance frequency, and the signal to noise ratio measured is directly proportional to 3/2 power of resonance frequency usually, and then, further increase the signal to noise ratio of measurement, be conducive to obtaining better certainty of measurement.
When carrying out the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement of peupendicular hole, can the NMR while drilling instrument probe of the present embodiment can be fixedly installed in the drill collar of (drill bit deviates from the side of drilling direction) above drill bit, or be fixedly installed between drill collar and drill bit, using the part as drill collar.The sensitizing range M of the formed nuclear magnetic resonance that the probe provided due to the present embodiment is formed in coaxial cylindric of bit central axle, therefore, when drill bit creeps into vertically downward, the rotation of popping one's head in drill bit can not affect measurement, and simultaneously due to the increase of sensitizing range M length on drilling direction, make often to organize in the measuring period of signal in collection, the position switching times of sensitizing range M also significantly reduces, that is, length due to sensitizing range M adds five times, make drill bit in the measuring period can not exceed sensitizing range M in vertical displacement, thus just can avoid in prior art, wait for after antenna transmission radiofrequency signal in the time period of echo-signal, position when antenna 24 has shifted out transmitter signal completely residing for the M of sensitizing range, and the position of now residing sensitizing range M, because the time of staying not yet reaches the polarization time needed for formation polarization, thus cause finally collecting the inaccurate situation of signal, the present embodiment is by increasing the length of sensitizing range M on drilling direction, improve the signal to noise ratio (having confirmed that in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement signal to noise ratio is proportional to the length of sensitizing range on drilling direction) of measurement, improve the precision of final measurement.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, focusing magnet 23 can be two right, and four focusing magnets forming two pairs of focusing magnets vertically arrange at equal intervals, and the two ends of antenna are stretched out in the end face being positioned at the focusing magnet of top and the bottom surface distribution of focusing magnet that is positioned at lowermost end.
In the above-described embodiments, as shown in Figure 8, antenna 24 is turned to a wire of cylindrical screw wire, the central axis of the central axis of the helix of this column and the first main magnet 22 of main magnet 21, second and focusing magnet 23 on the same line, to adapt to the rotary motion of self; Preferably, antenna 24 can be formed by a copper cash or copper strips coiling, first exit 241 of antenna 24 and the second exit 242 can be connected to a LRC resonance circuit (not shown), to make the resonant frequency of antenna 24 identical with the resonance frequency of the proton in the stratum at M place, sensitizing range by the electric capacity in this LRC resonance circuit of adjustment, thus just nmr phenomena can be excited.
The thickness that the sensitizing range M that the NMR while drilling instrument probe of the present embodiment can form nuclear magnetic resonance radially goes up can reach 15 ~ 20mm, effectively can eliminate the adverse effect of radial vibration to certainty of measurement that drill bit causes probe.
Further, above-mentioned antenna 24 can adopt flexible PCB (Flexible Printed Circuit Board, FPCB) etching technique manufacture.
In the above-described embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 8, the helical pitch forming the circular helix of the mid portion of antenna 24 is greater than the helical pitch of the circular helix forming antenna 24 two ends place; That is, at the mid portion of antenna 24, the distance between two adjacent coils is less, and coil winding obtains comparatively dense, and at the two ends place of antenna 24, the spacing of two adjacent coils is comparatively large, and coil winding must be more sparse.To the optimization of the spacing of multiple coils of antenna in the present embodiment, the RF magnetic field that antenna can be made to produce has better uniformity on vertical, and the distribution of radio frequency magnetic field in antenna radial direction can not cause adverse effect; Thus further ensure the magnetostatic field that the main magnet 22 of main magnet 21, second and focusing magnet 23 are formed jointly with first and match, so that the proton be in the M of sensitizing range excites completely by stratum.
More specifically, in the above-described embodiments, please refer to Fig. 2 to 6, the first main magnet is spliced successively by least three pieces of magnet block; And/or second main magnet 22 be spliced successively by least three pieces of magnet block; And/or focusing magnet 23 is spliced successively by least three pieces of magnet block.Namely the structure that each magnet can be structure as a whole or multiple fritter magnet is spliced; Such as, the main magnet of first main magnet 21 or the second 22 can adopt a multiple circular point magnet 212 to stack the structure (as shown in Figure 3) be fixed together, or it is the circulus (as shown in Figure 4) that trapezoidal point magnet 231 is spliced that the main magnet of the first main magnet 21 or the second 22 also can adopt by multiple horizontal section, certainly, the main magnet 22 of the first main magnet 21 or the second also can adopt integrative-structure (as shown in Figure 5); It is the circulus (as shown in Figure 6) that fan-shaped point magnet 231 is spliced that focusing magnet 23 can adopt by multiple horizontal section, can certainly adopt integrative-structure or the structure as the main magnet 22 of the first main magnet 21 or the second in Fig. 4.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of NMR while drilling instrument, comprise: down-hole equipment and aboveground signal handling equipment, the NMR while drilling instrument probe as above described in any embodiment is fixedly installed in the drill collar of down-hole equipment, the concrete structure of this NMR while drilling instrument probe and operating principle and the various embodiments described above similar, do not repeat them here.
The NMR while drilling instrument that the present embodiment provides, its probe forms magnetostatic field, and the sensitizing range that can allow to produce nuclear magnetic resonance is significantly increased at vertical development length, when drill bit creeps into, while ensureing that the rotation of probe can not affect measurement; Can also make often to organize in the measuring period of signal in collection, the position switching times of sensitizing range declines, the precision of the noise that improve measurement when measurement result.
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a NMR while drilling instrument probe, comprising: the probe framework of column, and the central axis of described probe framework is equipped with the mud tube for drilling fluid circulation; In described probe framework and on described mud tube, coaxial sleeve is provided with the first circular main magnet and the second main magnet, described first main magnet and the second main magnet are axial charging, and described first main magnet one end identical with described second main magnet polarity is oppositely arranged; It is characterized in that, on the peripheral sidewall of described probe framework and the centre position of corresponding described first main magnet and the second main magnet is fixedly embedded with antenna for the formation of pulsed magnetic field; Between described first main magnet and the second main magnet and on described mud tube, coaxial sleeve is provided with the circular focusing magnet of at least one pair of, form two focusing magnets in described often pair of focusing magnet symmetrical about the middle section of described antenna, described focusing magnet is radial magnetizing, and described focusing magnet is relative with described probe framework is fixedly installed.
2. NMR while drilling instrument probe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described focusing magnet is two right, form four focusing magnets of two pairs of focusing magnets vertically to arrange at equal intervals, and the two ends of described antenna are stretched out in the end face being positioned at the focusing magnet of top and the bottom surface distribution of focusing magnet that is positioned at lowermost end.
3. NMR while drilling instrument probe according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described first main magnet is extremely relative with the N of the second main magnet, and the outer shroud side of described focusing magnet is N pole, inner ring side is S pole.
4., according to the arbitrary described NMR while drilling instrument probe of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described antenna is turned to a wire of cylindrical screw wire.
5. NMR while drilling instrument probe according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described antenna is formed by copper wire winding.
6. NMR while drilling instrument probe according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the helical pitch forming the circular helix of the mid portion of described antenna is greater than the helical pitch of the circular helix forming described antenna ends place.
7. the NMR while drilling instrument probe according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that,
Described first main magnet is spliced successively by least three pieces of magnet block; And/or
Described second main magnet is spliced successively by least three pieces of magnet block; And/or
Described focusing magnet is spliced successively by least three pieces of magnet block.
8. a NMR while drilling instrument, comprising: down-hole equipment and aboveground signal handling equipment, is characterized in that, is fixedly installed just like the NMR while drilling instrument probe described in any one of claim 1-7 in the drill collar of described down-hole equipment.
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| CN201210137281.6A CN102650208B (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2012-05-04 | Nuclear magnetic resonance logger probe while drilling and nuclear magnetic resonance logger while drilling |
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| CN201210137281.6A CN102650208B (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2012-05-04 | Nuclear magnetic resonance logger probe while drilling and nuclear magnetic resonance logger while drilling |
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| CN113161101B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2023-11-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Permanent magnet for nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument |
| CN115045651A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-09-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Nuclear magnetic resonance logger antenna and probe for measurement against well wall |
| CN113216948B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2023-03-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Multi-coil-structure while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging device and method |
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